Maryam Ayah 58-63

مريم آيه 63-58

Maryam, verses 58–63

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2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى غَضِبَ عَلَى مَلَكٍ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،فَقَطَعَ جَنَاحَهُ،وَ أَلْقَاهُ فِي جَزِيرَةٍ مِنْ جَزَائِرِ الْبَحْرِ،فَبَقِيَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْبَحْرِ،فَلَمَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِدْرِيسَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،جَاءَ ذَلِكَ الْمَلَكُ إِلَيْهِ،فَقَالَ:يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ، ادْعُ اللَّهَ لِي أَنْ يَرْضَى عَنِّي،وَ يَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ جَنَاحِي.قَالَ:نَعَمْ؛فَدَعَا لَهُ إِدْرِيسُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ جَنَاحَهُ،وَ رَضِيَ عَنْهُ.

فَقَالَ الْمَلَكُ لِإِدْرِيسَ:أَ لَكَ إِلَيَّ حَاجَةٌ؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ،أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَرْفَعَنِي إِلَى السَّمَاءِ،حَتَّى أَنْظُرَ إِلَى مَلَكِ الْمَوْتِ، فَإِنَّهُ لاَ عَيْشَ لِي مَعَ ذِكْرِهِ،فَأَخَذَهُ الْمَلَكُ عَلَى جَنَاحِهِ،حَتَّى انْتَهَى بِهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الرَّابِعَةِ،فَإِذَا مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ يُحَرِّكُ رَأْسَهُ تَعَجُّباً،فَسَلَّمَ إِدْرِيسُ عَلَى مَلَكِ الْمَوْتِ،وَ قَالَ لَهُ:مَا لَكَ تُحَرِّكُ رَأْسَكَ؟قَالَ:إِنَّ رَبَّ الْعِزَّةِ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَقْبِضَ رُوحَكَ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ الرَّابِعَةِ وَ الْخَامِسَةِ؛فَقُلْتُ:يَا رَبِّ،وَ كَيْفَ هَذَا،وَ غِلَظُ السَّمَاءِ الرَّابِعَةِ مَسِيرَةُ خَمْسِمِائَةِ عَامٍ،وَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ الرَّابِعَةِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الثَّالِثَةِ مَسِيرَةُ خَمْسِمِائَةِ عَامٍ،وَ غِلَظُ السَّمَاءِ الثَّالِثَةِ خَمْسُمِائَةِ عَامٍ،وَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ الثَّالِثَةِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الثَّانِيَةِ مَسِيرَةُ خَمْسِمِائَةِ عَامٍ،وَ كُلُّ سَمَاءٍ وَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا كَذَلِكَ،فَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ هَذَا؟ثُمَّ قَبَضَ رُوحَهُ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ الرَّابِعَةِ وَ الْخَامِسَةِ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ: وَ رَفَعْنٰاهُ مَكٰاناً عَلِيًّا ».قَالَ:«وَ سُمِّيَ إِدْرِيسَ لِكَثْرَةِ دِرَاسَتِهِ لِلْكُتُبِ» [1].

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Ali ibn Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me, from Muhammad ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from someone who narrated to him, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: Indeed Allah, blessed and exalted, became angry with an angel from among the angels, so He cut off his wing and cast him upon an island among the islands of the sea. He remained as long as Allah willed in that sea. When Allah sent Idris (peace be upon him), that angel came to him and said: O Prophet of Allah, pray to Allah for me that He be pleased with me and restore my wing to me. He said: Yes. So Idris (peace be upon him) prayed for him, and Allah restored his wing to him and became pleased with him.

The angel then said to Idris: Do you have any need from me? He said: Yes, I would like you to carry me up to the heaven so that I may look at the Angel of Death, for I have no life with the thought of him. The angel took him upon his wing until he brought him to the fourth heaven. Thereupon, the Angel of Death was moving his head in astonishment. Idris greeted the Angel of Death and said to him: Why are you moving your head? He said: The Lord of Might commanded me to seize your soul between the fourth and fifth heavens. So I said: My Lord, how is that, when the thickness of the fourth heaven is a journey of five hundred years, and from the fourth heaven to the third is a journey of five hundred years, and the thickness of the third heaven is five hundred years, and from the third heaven to the second is a journey of five hundred years—and each heaven and what is between them is likewise—so how could this be? Then he seized his soul between the fourth and fifth heavens, and that is His saying: “And We raised him to an elevated state” (Qur’an 19:57, M. H. Shakir). He said: And he was named “Idris” due to the abundance of his study of the books. [1]

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3- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فِي حَدِيثِ الْإِسْرَاءِ،قَالَ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): «ثُمَّ صَعِدْتُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الرَّابِعَةِ،وَ إِذَا فِيهَا رَجُلٌ، فَقُلْتُ:مَنْ هَذَا،يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ؟قَالَ:هَذَا إِدْرِيسُ رَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ مَكَاناً عَلِيّاً،فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلَّمَ عَلَيَّ،وَ اسْتَغْفَرْتُ لَهُ وَ اسْتَغْفَرَ لِي».

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And from him, from his father, from Muhammad ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hisham ibn Salim, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) in the account of the Night Journey, he (may Allah bless him and his family) said: Then I ascended to the fourth heaven, and there was a man in it. I said: Who is this, O Jibril? He said: This is Idris; Allah raised him to a high station. So I greeted him and he greeted me, and I sought forgiveness for him and he sought forgiveness for me.

قوله تعالى:

أُولٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمْ -إلى قوله تعالى- مَنْ كٰانَ تَقِيًّا [58-63]

Allah’s saying: “These are they on whom Allah bestowed (His) favors … to ‘whoever is pious.’” [Qur’an 19:58–63, M. H. Shakir: These are they on whom Allah bestowed (His) favors, of the prophets of the seed of Adam and of those whom We carried with Nuh, and of the seed of Ibrahim and Israel, and of those whom We guided and chose; when the communications of the Beneficent God were recited to them, they fell down making obeisance and weeping. But there came after them an evil generation, who neglected prayers and followed sensual desires, so they will meet perdition, Except him who repents and believes and does good; so these are they who shall enter the garden, and they shall not be dealt with a jot unjustly: The gardens of perpetuity which the Beneficent God has promised to His servants while unseen; surely His promise shall come to pass. They shall not hear therein any vain discourse, but only: Peace! and they shall have their sustenance therein morning and evening. This is the garden which We cause those of Our servants to inherit (who guard against evil).]

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1-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:قوله تعالى فَخَلَفَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ خَلْفٌ و هو الرديء [2]،و الدليل على ذلك قوله تعالى أَضٰاعُوا الصَّلاٰةَ وَ اتَّبَعُوا الشَّهَوٰاتِ فَسَوْفَ يَلْقَوْنَ غَيًّا .ثم استثنى عزّ و جلّ،فقال: إِلاّٰ مَنْ تٰابَ وَ آمَنَ وَ عَمِلَ صٰالِحاً فَأُولٰئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ وَ لاٰ يُظْلَمُونَ شَيْئاً .

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1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: His saying, “Then there came after them a generation (khalfun) …” means: the base (ones) [2]. The proof for that is His saying, “They neglected the prayer and followed desires, so they shall soon meet perdition” (Qur’an 19:59, M. H. Shakir). Then the Mighty and Majestic made an exception, saying: “Except him who repents and believes and does good; so these are they who shall enter the garden, and they shall not be dealt with a jot unjustly” (Qur’an 19:60, M. H. Shakir).

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:51. - Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:51.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:8. - Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:8.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:52. - Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:52.

[1] في«ج،ي»:للحديث.

[2] في المصدر:الدنيء.

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2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الرَّازِيُّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ،عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)يَسْجُدُ فِي سُورَةِ مَرْيَمَ،حِينَ يَقُولُ: وَ مِمَّنْ هَدَيْنٰا وَ اجْتَبَيْنٰا إِذٰا تُتْلىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيٰاتُ الرَّحْمٰنِ خَرُّوا سُجَّداً وَ بُكِيًّا وَ يَقُولُ:نَحْنُ عُنِينَا،وَ نَحْنُ أَهْلُ الْهُدَى [1] وَ الصَّفْوَةِ».

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Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas said: Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Razi narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, from Muhammad ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from ‘Umar ibn Udhaynah, from Burayd ibn Mu‘awiyah, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon them) would prostrate in Surat Maryam when he recited: “And of those whom We guided and chose, when the communications of the Beneficent God are recited to them, they fall down making obeisance and weeping” (Qur’an 19:58, M. H. Shakir). And he would say: We were intended, and we are the people of guidance and of the chosen ones. [1]

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3- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامِ بْنِ سُهَيْلٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْعَلَوِيِّ،عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ دَاوُدَ النَّجَّارِ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: أُولٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ آدَمَ وَ مِمَّنْ حَمَلْنٰا مَعَ نُوحٍ وَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ إِبْرٰاهِيمَ وَ إِسْرٰائِيلَ وَ مِمَّنْ هَدَيْنٰا وَ اجْتَبَيْنٰا إِذٰا تُتْلىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيٰاتُ الرَّحْمٰنِ خَرُّوا سُجَّداً وَ بُكِيًّا .

قَالَ:«نَحْنُ ذُرِّيَّةُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،وَ نَحْنُ الْمَحْمُولُونَ مَعَ نُوحٍ،وَ نَحْنُ صَفْوَةُ اللَّهِ،وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: وَ مِمَّنْ هَدَيْنٰا وَ اجْتَبَيْنٰا فَهُمْ-وَ اللَّهِ-شِيعَتُنَا الَّذِينَ هَدَاهُمُ اللَّهُ لِمَوَدَّتِنَا وَ اجْتَبَاهُمْ لِدِينِنَا،فَحَيُّوا عَلَيْهِ،وَ مَاتُوا عَلَيْهِ،وَ وَصَفَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِالْعِبَادَةِ،وَ الْخُشُوعِ،وَ رِقَّةِ الْقَلْبِ،فَقَالَ: إِذٰا تُتْلىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيٰاتُ الرَّحْمٰنِ خَرُّوا سُجَّداً وَ بُكِيًّا ،ثُمَّ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَخَلَفَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ خَلْفٌ أَضٰاعُوا الصَّلاٰةَ وَ اتَّبَعُوا الشَّهَوٰاتِ فَسَوْفَ يَلْقَوْنَ غَيًّا .وَ هُوَ جَبَلٌ مِنْ صُفْرٍ يَدُورُ فِي جَهَنَّمَ،ثُمَّ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِلاّٰ مَنْ تٰابَ مَنْ غَشَّ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آمَنَ وَ عَمِلَ صٰالِحاً فَأُولٰئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ وَ لاٰ يُظْلَمُونَ شَيْئاً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: كٰانَ تَقِيًّا ».

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And from him, he said: Muhammad ibn Hammam ibn Suhayl narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il al-‘Alawi, from ‘Isa ibn Dawud al-Najjar, from Abu al-Hasan Musa ibn Ja‘far (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “These are they on whom Allah bestowed (His) favors, of the prophets of the seed of Adam and of those whom We carried with Nuh, and of the seed of Ibrahim and Israel, and of those whom We guided and chose; when the communications of the Beneficent God were recited to them, they fell down making obeisance and weeping” (Qur’an 19:58, M. H. Shakir).

He said: We are the progeny of Ibrahim; we are those carried with Nuh; and we are Allah’s chosen. As for His saying, “and of those whom We guided and chose,” by Allah, they are our Shi‘a—those whom Allah guided to our love and chose for our religion. They lived upon it and died upon it. Allah described them with worship, humility, and tenderness of heart, saying: “When the communications of the Beneficent God are recited to them, they fall down making obeisance and weeping” (Qur’an 19:58, M. H. Shakir). Then the Mighty and Majestic said: “But there came after them an evil generation who neglected prayers and followed sensual desires, so they will meet perdition” (Qur’an 19:59, M. H. Shakir)—and it is a mountain of brass revolving in Hell. Then the Mighty and Majestic said: “Except him who repents [from among those who deceived the family of Muhammad], and believes and does good; so these are they who shall enter the garden, and they shall not be dealt with a jot unjustly … to His saying: ‘whoever is pious’” (Qur’an 19:60–63, M. H. Shakir).

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4-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:و قوله: جَنّٰاتِ عَدْنٍ الَّتِي وَعَدَ الرَّحْمٰنُ عِبٰادَهُ بِالْغَيْبِ إِنَّهُ كٰانَ وَعْدُهُ مَأْتِيًّا* لاٰ يَسْمَعُونَ فِيهٰا -يعني في الجنة- لَغْواً إِلاّٰ سَلاٰماً وَ لَهُمْ رِزْقُهُمْ فِيهٰا بُكْرَةً وَ عَشِيًّا قال:ذلك في جنات الدنيا قبل القيامة،و الدليل على ذلك قوله: بُكْرَةً وَ عَشِيًّا فالبكرة و العشي لا تكون في الآخرة في جنات الخلد،و إنّما يكون الغدو و العشي في جنات الدنيا التي تنتقل إليها أرواح المؤمنين،و تطلع فيها الشمس و القمر.

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4- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: And His saying: “Gardens of perpetuity which the Beneficent God has promised to His servants while unseen; surely His promise shall come to pass. They shall not hear therein any vain discourse, but only: Peace! and they shall have their sustenance therein morning and evening” (Qur’an 19:61–62, M. H. Shakir)—he said: That is in the gardens of this world before the Resurrection, and the proof is His saying, “morning and evening,” for morning and evening are not in the Hereafter in the gardens of eternity; rather, going forth in the morning and evening is in the gardens of this world to which the spirits of the believers move, in which the sun and the moon rise.

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5- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ،جَمِيعاً،عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ،عَنْ ضُرَيْسٍ الْكُنَاسِيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَذْكُرُونَ أَنَّ فُرَاتَنَا يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ،فَكَيْفَ وَ هُوَ يُقْبِلُ مِنَ الْمَغْرِبِ،وَ تَصُبُّ فِيهِ الْعُيُونُ وَ الْأَوْدِيَةُ؟! قَالَ:فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ أَنَا أَسْمَعُ:«إِنَّ لِلَّهِ جَنَّةً خَلَقَهَا فِي الْمَغْرِبِ،وَ مَاءُ فُرَاتِكُمْ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا،وَ إِلَيْهَا تَخْرُجُ أَرْوَاحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ حُفَرِهِمْ عِنْدَ كُلِّ مَسَاءٍ،فَتَسْقُطُ عَلَى ثِمَارِهَا،وَ تَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا،وَ تَتَنَعَّمُ فِيهَا،وَ تَتَلاَقَى

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5- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub, from a number of our companions, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Sahl ibn Ziyad and ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, all from Ibn Mahbub, from ‘Ali ibn Ri’ab, from Zurays al-Kunasi, who said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him): People mention that our Euphrates comes out of Paradise—how is that when it comes from the west and springs and valleys pour into it? He said: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said—and I heard: Indeed, Allah has a garden which He created in the west, and the water of your Euphrates comes out from it; to it the spirits of the believers come out from their graves every evening. They alight upon its fruits, eat from them, delight therein, and meet one another

_2) -تأويل الآيات 1:11/305. - Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:11/305.

_3) -تأويل الآيات 1:12/305. - Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:12/305.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:52. - Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:52.

_5) -الكافي 3:1/246. - al-Kāfī 3:1/246.

[1] في«ج»:الحبوة.

وَ تَتَعَارَفُ [1]،فَإِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ هَاجَتْ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ،فَكَانَتْ فِي الْهَوَاءِ،فِيمَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ،تَطِيرُ ذَاهِبَةً وَ جَائِيَةً، وَ تَعْهَدُ حُفَرَهَا إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ،وَ تَتَلاَقَى فِي الْهَوَاءِ،وَ تَتَعَارَفُ-قَالَ-وَ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ نَاراً فِي الْمَشْرِقِ،خَلَقَهَا لِيُسْكِنَهَا أَرْوَاحَ الْكُفَّارِ،وَ يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْ زَقُّومِهَا،وَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْ حَمِيمِهَا لَيْلَهُمْ،فَإِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ هَاجَتْ إِلَى وَادٍ بِالْيَمَنِ،يُقَالُ لَهُ بَرَهُوتُ،أَشَدَّ حَرّاً مِنْ نِيرَانِ الدُّنْيَا،كَانُوا فِيهَا يَتَلاَقَوْنَ،وَ يَتَعَارَفُونَ،فَإِذَا كَانَ الْمَسَاءُ عَادُوا إِلَى النَّارِ،فَهُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،فَمَا حَالُ الْمُوَحِّدِينَ الْمُقِرِّينَ بِنُبُوَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْمُذْنِبِينَ، الَّذِينَ يَمُوتُونَ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ إِمَامٌ،وَ لاَ يَعْرِفُونَ وَلاَيَتَكُمْ؟ فَقَالَ:«أَمَّا هَؤُلاَءِ فَإِنَّهُمْ فِي حُفَرِهِمْ،لاَ يَخْرُجُونَ مِنْهَا،فَمَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَمَلٌ صَالِحٌ،وَ لَمْ تَظْهَرْ مِنْهُ عَدَاوَةٌ،فَإِنَّهُ يُخَدُّ لَهُ خَدٌّ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ الَّتِي خَلَقَهَا اللَّهُ فِي الْمَغْرِبِ،فَيَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهَا الرَّوْحُ فِي حُفْرَتِهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ،فَيَلْقَى اللَّهَ، فَيُحَاسِبُهُ بِحَسَنَاتِهِ وَ سَيِّئَاتِهِ،فَإِمَّا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ،وَ إِمَّا إِلَى النَّارِ،فَهَؤُلاَءِ مَوْقُوفُونَ لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ،وَ كَذَلِكَ يَفْعَلُ اللَّهُ بِالْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ،وَ الْبُلْهِ،وَ الْأَطْفَالِ،وَ أَوْلاَدِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحُلُمَ.

فَأَمَّا النُّصَّابُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقِبْلَةِ،فَإِنَّهُمْ يُخَدُّ لَهُمْ خَدٌّ إِلَى النَّارِ الَّتِي خَلَقَهَا اللَّهُ بِالْمَشْرِقِ،فَيَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمُ مِنْهَا اللَّهَبُ وَ الشَّرَرُ وَ الدُّخَانُ وَ فَوْرَةُ الْحَمِيمِ،إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ،ثُمَّ مَصِيرُهُمْ إِلَى الْجَحِيمِ،ثُمَّ فِي النَّارِ يُسْجَرُونَ،ثُمَّ قِيلَ لَهُمْ:أَيْنَ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ،أَيْنَ إِمَامُكُمُ الَّذِي اتَّخَذْتُمُوهُ دُونَ الْإِمَامِ الَّذِي جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ إِمَاماً؟».

…and recognize one another [1]. When dawn rises, they surge forth from the garden and are in the air between the heaven and the earth, flying back and forth, and they tend to their graves when the sun rises. They meet in the air and recognize one another. He said: And indeed, Allah has a fire in the east which He created to house the spirits of the unbelievers; they eat from its zaqqum and drink from its boiling water during their night. When dawn rises, they surge to a valley in Yemen called Barahūt, hotter than the fires of this world, where they meet and recognize one another. When evening comes, they return to the fire; thus are they until the Day of Resurrection.

He said: I asked: May Allah set you right, what is the condition of the monotheists among the sinful Muslims who acknowledge the prophethood of Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family), who die without having an Imam and do not know your wilayah? He said: As for these, they are in their graves and do not depart from them. Whoever among them has a righteous deed and no enmity appears from him, a passage is opened for him to the garden which Allah created in the west, and from it a breeze enters upon him in his grave until the Day of Resurrection. Then he meets Allah, and He reckons him for his good deeds and his evil deeds—either to the Garden or to the Fire. These are held in suspense for Allah’s command. Likewise does Allah do with the mustad‘afun, the simple-minded, the children, and the children of the Muslims who have not reached puberty.

As for the nusb (those showing enmity to the People of the House) among the People of the Qiblah, a passage is opened for them to the fire which Allah created in the east; from it enter upon them the flame, sparks, smoke, and the surge of boiling water until the Day of Resurrection. Then their end is to Jahim; then they are stoked in the Fire. Then it is said to them: Where is what you used to call upon besides Allah? Where is your leader whom you took instead of the Imam whom Allah made an Imam for the people?

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6- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ،عَنْ مُثَنًّى الْحَنَّاطِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «إِنَّ أَرْوَاحَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَفِي شَجَرَةٍ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ،يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْ طَعَامِهَا،وَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْ شَرَابِهَا،وَ يَقُولُونَ:رَبَّنَا أَقِمِ السَّاعَةَ لَنَا،وَ أَنْجِزْ لَنَا مَا وَعَدْتَنَا،وَ أَلْحِقْ آخِرَنَا بِأَوَّلِنَا».

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And from him, from a number of our companions, from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Najran, from Muthanna al-Hannat, from Abu Basir, who said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: The spirits of the believers are indeed in a tree in the Garden; they eat from its food and drink from its drink, and they say: Our Lord, establish the Hour for us, fulfill for us what You promised us, and join our last ones to our first ones.

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7- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ،عَنْ دُرُسْتَ بْنِ أَبِي مَنْصُورٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ الْأَرْوَاحَ فِي صِفَةِ الْأَجْسَادِ،فِي شَجَرَةٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ،تَتَعَارَفُ وَ تَتَسَاءَلُ،فَإِذَا قَدِمَتِ الرُّوحُ عَلَى الْأَرْوَاحِ،تَقُولُ:دَعُوهَا فَإِنَّهَا قَدْ أَقْبَلَتْ [2] مِنْ هَوْلٍ عَظِيمٍ؛ثُمَّ يَسْأَلُونَهَا،مَا فَعَلَ فُلاَنٌ،وَ مَا فَعَلَ فُلاَنٌ؟فَإِنْ قَالَتْ لَهُمْ:تَرَكْتُهُ حَيّاً؛ارْتَجَوْهُ،وَ إِنْ قَالَتْ:قَدْ هَلَكَ؛قَالُوا:قَدْ هَوَى هَوَى».

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And from him, from a number of our companions, from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from Isma‘il ibn Mihran, from Durust ibn Abi Mansur, from Ibn Maskan, from Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: The spirits are in the likeness of bodies, in a tree in the Garden; they recognize one another and ask one another. When a spirit arrives to the (company of) spirits, they say: Leave it, for it has come from a great terror. Then they ask it: What did so-and-so do? And what did so-and-so do? If it says to them: I left him alive, they hope for him; and if it says: He has perished, they say: He has fallen, fallen.

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8- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ أَرْوَاحِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.

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And from him, from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Muhammad ibn ‘Uthman, from Abu Basir, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the spirits of the believers.

فَقَالَ:«فِي حُجُرَاتٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ،يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْ طَعَامِهَا،وَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْ شَرَابِهَا،وَ يَقُولُونَ:رَبَّنَا أَقِمْ لَنَا السَّاعَةَ،وَ أَنْجِزْ لَنَا مَا وَعَدْتَنَا،وَ أَلْحِقْ آخِرَنَا بِأَوَّلِنَا».

He said: They are in chambers in the Garden; they eat from its food and drink from its drink, and they say: Our Lord, establish the Hour for us, fulfill for us what You promised us, and join our last ones to our first ones.

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9- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَخِي شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ،قَالَ: شَكَوْتُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مَا أَلْقَى مِنَ الْأَوْجَاعِ وَ التُّخَمِ،فَقَالَ لِي:«تَغَدَّ وَ تَعَشَّ،وَ لاَ تَأْكُلْ بَيْنَهُمَا شَيْئاً،فَإِنَّ فِيهِ فَسَادَ الْبَدَنِ،أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: وَ لَهُمْ رِزْقُهُمْ فِيهٰا بُكْرَةً وَ عَشِيًّا ».

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And from him, from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id, from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd, from ‘Ali ibn al-Salt, from the nephew of Shihab ibn ‘Abd Rabbih, who said: I complained to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the pains and indigestion I suffer. He said to me: Take breakfast and dinner, and do not eat anything between them, for in that is the corruption of the body. Have you not heard Allah, Mighty and Majestic, say: “and they shall have their sustenance therein morning and evening” (Qur’an 19:62, M. H. Shakir)?

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10- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ بِسْطَامَ فِي كِتَابِ(طِبِّ الْأَئِمَّةِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)):عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَسْقَلاَنِيِّ،قَالَ:

حَدَّثَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَخِي شِهَابِ،قَالَ: شَكَوْتُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)الْأَوْجَاعَ وَ التُّخَمَ؟ فَقَالَ:«تَغَدَّ وَ تَعَشَّ،وَ لاَ تَأْكُلْ بَيْنَهُمَا شَيْئاً،فَإِنَّ فِيهِ فَسَادَ الْبَدَنِ،أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: وَ لَهُمْ رِزْقُهُمْ فِيهٰا بُكْرَةً وَ عَشِيًّا ؟».

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Al-Husayn ibn Bistam in the book “Tibb al-A’imma (peace be upon them)” reported from Muhammad ibn ‘Abdillah al-‘Asqalani, who said: Al-Nadr ibn Suwayd narrated to us, from ‘Ali ibn al-Salt, from the nephew of Shihab, who said: I complained to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about pains and indigestion. He said: Take breakfast and dinner, and do not eat anything between them, for in that is the corruption of the body. Have you not heard Allah, exalted is He, say: “and they shall have their sustenance therein morning and evening?” (Qur’an 19:62, M. H. Shakir).

قوله تعالى:

وَ مٰا كٰانَ رَبُّكَ نَسِيًّا [64]

Allah’s saying: وَ مٰا كٰانَ رَبُّكَ نَسِيًّا [Maryam 19:64] — “And your Lord is not forgetful.” (Full verse, M. H. Shakir: “And we do not descend but by the command of your Lord; to Him belongs whatever is before us and whatever is behind us, and whatever is between that, and your Lord is not forgetful.”)

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1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)- فِي حَدِيثِهِ فِي جَوَابِ الشَّاكِّ-قَالَ:«وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ:

وَ مٰا كٰانَ رَبُّكَ نَسِيًّا ،فَإِنَّ رَبَّنَا تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عُلُوّاً كَبِيراً لَيْسَ بِالَّذِي يَنْسَى،وَ لاَ يَغْفُلُ،بَلْ هُوَ الْحَفِيظُ الْعَلِيمُ،وَ قَدْ يَقُولُ الْعَرَبُ فِي بَابِ النِّسْيَانِ:قَدْ نَسِيَنَا فُلاَنٌ فَلاَ يَذْكُرُنَا؛أَيْ إِنَّهُ لاَ يَأْمُرُ لَنَا [1] بِخَيْرٍ،وَ لاَ يَذْكُرُنَا بِهِ».

و سيأتي الحديث بطوله مسندا في آخر الكتاب إن شاء اللّه تعالى [2]».

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Ibn Babawayh, with his chain from the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)—in his discourse answering the doubter—said: As for His saying, “and your Lord is not forgetful,” indeed our Lord, blessed and exalted beyond measure, is not one who forgets nor is heedless; rather, He is the Preserver, the All-Knowing. The Arabs say in the idiom of “forgetting”: “So-and-so has forgotten us, so he does not mention us,” meaning: he does not command any good for us nor mention us with it. [1] And the hadith will come in full with its chain at the end of the book, if Allah wills. [2]

قوله تعالى:

وَ يَقُولُ الْإِنْسٰانُ أَ إِذٰا مٰا مِتُّ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ لَمْ يَكُ شَيْئاً [66-67]

Allah’s saying: “And the man says: What! when I am dead shall I truly be brought forth alive? Does not man remember that We created him before, when he was nothing?” (Qur’an 19:66–67, M. H. Shakir)

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2-و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم:قوله عزّ و جلّ يحكي قول الدهرية الذين أنكروا البعث،فقال:

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2- And ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: His, Mighty and Majestic, saying relates the statement of the materialists (al-dahriyyah) who denied resurrection; so He said:

_9) -الكافي 6:2/288. - al-Kāfī 6:2/288.

_10) -طب الأئمة:59. - Ṭibb al-A’imma:59.

_1) -التوحيد:260. - al-Tawḥīd:260.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:52. - Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:52.

[1] في«ي،ط»:يأمرنا.

[2] يأتي في الباب الأوّل من خاتمة الكتاب(باب في ردّ متشابه القرآن إلى تأويله)