Al-Kahf Ayah 103-104

الكهف 18:103-104

قُلْ هَلْ نُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِالْأَخْسَرِينَ أَعْمَالًا الَّذِينَ ضَلَّ سَعْيُهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَهُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعًا

Translation (M. H. Shakir): Say: Shall We inform you of the greatest losers in (their) deeds? Those whose effort is lost in this world's life, while they think that they are doing good works.

أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)، وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ: ذِكْرِي. قُلْتُ: قَوْلُهُ لا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَمْعًا؟ قَالَ: «كَانُوا لا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ) عِنْدَهُمْ أَنْ يَسْمَعُوا ذِكْرَهُ لِشِدَّةِ بُغْضٍ لَهُ، وَ عَدَاوَةٍ مِنْهُمْ لَهُ وَ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ».

Translation: The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), regarding His saying “My remembrance.” I said: His saying: “they cannot bear to hear”? He said: “When ‘Ali (peace be upon him) was mentioned in their presence, they were unable to bear hearing his mention due to their intense hatred for him and their enmity toward him and his Household.”

قُلْتُ قَوْلُهُ: أَفَحَسِبَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنْ يَتَّخِذُوا عِبَادِي مِنْ دُونِي أَوْلِيَاءَ إِنَّا أَعْتَدْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَافِرِينَ نُزُلًا؟ قَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ): «يَعْنِيهِمَا وَ أَشْيَاعَهُمَا[1] الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوهُمَا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ، وَ كَانُوا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُمْ بِحُبِّهِمْ إِيَّاهُمَا، أَنَّهُمَا يُنْجِيَانِهِمْ مِنْ عَذَابِ اللَّهِ، وَ كَانُوا بِحُبِّهِمَا كَافِرِينَ».

Translation: I said: His saying: “Do those who disbelieve think that they can take My servants as guardians besides Me? Surely We have prepared hell for the unbelievers as an entertainment?” He (peace be upon him) said: “It means those two and their followers[1] who took the two as guardians besides Allah, and they thought that by their love for them, the two would save them from Allah’s punishment, and by their love for the two they were disbelievers.”

قُلْتُ: قَوْلُهُ إِنَّا أَعْتَدْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَافِرِينَ نُزُلًا؟ قَالَ: «أَيْ مَنْزِلًا، فَهِيَ لَهُمَا وَ لِأَشْيَاعِهِمَا[2] عَتِيدَةٌ[3] عِنْدَ اللَّهِ».

Translation: I said: His saying: “Surely We have prepared hell for the unbelievers as an entertainment?” He said: “Meaning as a lodging; so it is ready[3] for those two and their followers[2] with Allah.”

قُلْتُ: قَوْلُهُ نُزُلًا. قَالَ: «مَأْوًى وَ مَنْزِلًا».

Translation: I said: His saying: “as an entertainment (nuzul).” He said: “A refuge and a lodging.”

99-/6804 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ، قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ رُقْعَةً إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ) فِيهَا: أَتَسْتَطِيعُ النَّفْسُ الْمَعْرِفَةَ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ: «لَا». فَقُلْتُ: يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: الَّذِينَ كَانَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ فِي غِطَاءٍ عَنْ ذِكْرِي وَ كَانُوا لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ سَمْعًا؟ قَالَ: «هُوَ كَقَوْلِهِ: مَا كَانُوا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ السَّمْعَ وَ مَا كَانُوا يُبْصِرُونَ[4]». قُلْتُ: فَعَابَهُمْ[5]؟ قَالَ: «لَمْ يَعِبْهُمْ[6] بِمَا صَنَعَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ، وَلَكِنْ عَابَهُمْ[7] بِمَا صَنَعُوا، وَلَوْ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّفُوا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِمْ شَيْءٌ».

Translation: 99-/6804 _3- Al-‘Ayyāshī: From Muhammad ibn Hakīm, who said: I wrote a note to Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) in which I asked: Does the soul have the ability for knowledge? He said: “No.” I said: Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: “Those whose eyes were under a covering from My remembrance, and they could not bear to hear.” He said: “It is like His saying: ‘They were not able to hear, and they did not see.’[4]” I said: So did He reproach them?[5] He said: “He did not reproach them[6] for what He did in their hearts; rather, He reproached them[7] for what they themselves did. And had they not undertaken (their wrongdoing), nothing would have been against them.”

/6805 _4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، فِي قَوْلِهِ أَفَحَسِبَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنْ يَتَّخِذُوا عِبَادِي مِنْ دُونِي أَوْلِيَاءَ إِنَّا أَعْتَدْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَافِرِينَ نُزُلًا: أَيْ مَنْزِلًا.

Translation: /6805 _4- ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm, regarding His saying: “Do those who disbelieve think that they can take My servants as guardians besides Me? Surely We have prepared hell for the unbelievers as an entertainment”: that is, as a lodging.

قوله تعالى:

قُلْ هَلْ نُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِالْأَخْسَرِينَ أَعْمَالًا

Translation (M. H. Shakir) [Al-Kahf 18:103]: Say: Shall We inform you of the greatest losers in (their) deeds?

_3) - تفسير العيّاشي 2:88/351.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:88/351.

_4) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:46.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:46.

[1] في «ط»: و أشباههما.

- fī “Ṭ”: wa ashbāhahumā.

[2] في «ط»: و لأشباههما.

- fī “Ṭ”: wa li-ashbāhahumā.

[3] العتيد: الشيء الحاضر المهيّأ. «الصحاح- عتد- 2:505» و في نسخة من «ط» معدة.

- al-‘atīd: al-shay’ al-ḥāḍir al-muhayya’. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ – ‘atad – 2:505”; wa fī nuskha min “Ṭ” mu‘addah.

[4] هود 11:20.

- Hūd 11:20.

[5] في «ط»: يعاتبهم.

- fī “Ṭ”: yu‘ātibuhum.

[6] في «ط»: لا يعتبهم.

- fī “Ṭ”: lā ya‘tabuhum.

[7] في «ط»: يعاتبهم.

- fī “Ṭ”: yu‘ātibuhum.

الَّذِينَ ضَلَّ سَعْيُهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَهُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعًا [103-104]

Translation (M. H. Shakir) [Al-Kahf 18:104]: Those whose effort is lost in this world's life, while they think that they are doing good works.

99-/6806 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)، قَالَ: «هُمُ النَّصَارَى، وَ الْقِسِّيسُونَ، وَ الرُّهْبَانُ، وَ أَهْلُ الشُّبُهَاتِ وَ الْأَهْوَاءِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقِبْلَةِ، وَ الْحَرُورِيَّةُ، وَ أَهْلُ الْبِدَعِ».

Translation: 99-/6806 _1- ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm: And in the narration of Abū al-Jārūd from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), he said: “They are the Christians, the priests, the monks, the people of doubts and desires among the people of the qiblah, the Harūriyyah, and the people of innovations.”

/6807 _2- وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي الْيَهُودِ، وَ جَرَتْ فِي الْخَوَارِجِ.

Translation: /6807 _2- And ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said: It was revealed about the Jews, and it applies to the Khawārij.

/6808 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ إِمَامِ بْنِ رِبْعِيٍّ، قَالَ: قَامَ ابْنُ الْكَوَّاءِ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)، فَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: قُلْ هَلْ نُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِالْأَخْسَرِينَ أَعْمَالًا الَّذِينَ ضَلَّ سَعْيُهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَ هُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعًا. قَالَ: «أُولَئِكَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ، كَفَرُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ، وَ ابْتَدَعُوا فِي دِينِهِمْ، فَحَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ، وَ مَا أَهْلُ النَّهْرِ - أَيِ النَّهْرَوَانِ - مِنْهُمْ بِبَعِيدٍ».

Translation: /6808 _3- Al-‘Ayyāshī: From Imām ibn Rib‘ī, who said: Ibn al-Kawwā’ stood before the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) and said: Inform me about Allah’s saying: “Say: Shall We inform you of the greatest losers in (their) deeds—those whose effort is lost in this world's life while they think that they are doing good works.” He said: “They are the People of the Book; they disbelieved in their Lord and innovated in their religion, so their deeds were nullified, and the people of the river—meaning Nahrawān—are not far removed from them.”

/6809 _4- عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ، قَالَ: «مِنْهُمْ أَهْلُ النَّهْرِ».

Translation: /6809 _4- From Abū al-Ṭufayl, who said: “Among them are the people of the river.”

99-/6810 _5- وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ: «أُولَئِكَ هُمْ أَهْلِ حَرُورَاءَ».

Translation: 99-/6810 _5- And in the narration of Abū al-Ṭufayl: “Those are the people of Ḥarūrā’.”

99-/6811 _6- الطَّبْرِسِيُّ فِي (الْإِحْتِجَاجِ): عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ) وَ قَدْ سَأَلَهُ سَائِلٌ، قَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: قُلْ هَلْ نُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِالْأَخْسَرِينَ أَعْمَالًا الْآيَةَ. قَالَ: «كَفَرَةُ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ، الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى، وَ قَدْ كَانُوا عَلَى الْحَقِّ، فَابْتَدَعُوا فِي أَدْيَانِهِمْ، وَ هُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعًا».

Translation: 99-/6811 _6- Al-Ṭabrisī in (al-Iḥtijāj): From the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him). A questioner asked him: O Commander of the Faithful, inform me about Allah’s saying, Mighty and Majestic: “Say: Shall We inform you of the greatest losers in (their) deeds...” He said: “The unbelievers among the People of the Book, the Jews and the Christians. They had been upon the truth, but they innovated in their religions, while they think that they are doing good works.”

قوله تعالى:

أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَلِقَائِهِ فَحَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فَلَا نُقِيمُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَزْنًا - إلى قوله تعالى - خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا لَا يَبْغُونَ عَنْهَا حِوَلًا [105-108]

Translation (M. H. Shakir) [Al-Kahf 18:105-108]: These are they who disbelieve in the communications of their Lord and His meeting, so their deeds become null, and therefore We assign to them no weight on the day of resurrection. That is their recompense—hell, because they disbelieved and took My communications and My apostles in jest. Surely (as for) those who believe and do good deeds, their place of entertainment shall be the gardens of paradise, Abiding therein; they shall not desire removal therefrom.

/6812 _7- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَلِقَائِهِ فَحَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فَلَا نُقِيمُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَزْنًا:

Translation: /6812 _7- ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said, regarding: “These are they who disbelieve in the communications of their Lord and His meeting, so their deeds become null, and therefore We assign to them no weight on the day of resurrection”:

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:46.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:46.

_2) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:46.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:46.

_3) - تفسير العيّاشيّ 2:89/352.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:89/352.

_4) - تفسير العيّاشيّ 2:90/352.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:90/352.

_5) - تفسير العيّاشيّ 2:90/352.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:90/352.

_6) - الإحتجاج 1:260.

- al-Iḥtijāj 1:260.

_7) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:46.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:46.