Ar-Ra'd Ayah 39

الرعد آيه 39

99-/5603 _3- عَنْ بَشِيرٍ الدَّهَّانِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «مَا آتَى اللَّهُ أَحَداً مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ شَيْئاً،إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ آتَاهُ مُحَمَّداً(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ قَدْ آتَى اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً كَمَا آتَى الْمُرْسَلِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ»ثُمَّ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنٰا رُسُلاً مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ أَزْوٰاجاً وَ ذُرِّيَّةً .

Translation: Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: Allah did not give any of the Messengers anything except that He also gave it to Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family). And Allah gave to Muhammad just as He gave to the Messengers before him. Then he recited this verse: “And certainly We sent Messengers before you and gave them wives and offspring.” (Quran 13:38, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5604 _4- عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ الْكَلْبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «أَشْهَدُ عَلَى أَبِي أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ:مَا بَيْنَ أَحَدِكُمْ وَ بَيْنَ أَنْ يُغْبَطَ أَوْ يَرَى مَا تَقَرُّ بِهِ عَيْنُهُ،إِلاَّ أَنْ تَبْلُغَ نَفْسُهُ هَذِهِ-وَ أَهْوَى إِلَى حَلْقِهِ-،قَالَ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ:

وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنٰا رُسُلاً مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ أَزْوٰاجاً وَ ذُرِّيَّةً فَنَحْنُ ذُرِّيَّةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

Translation: Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: I bear witness that my father used to say: Nothing stands between any of you and being envied or seeing what delights his eye, except that his soul reaches here—then he pointed to his throat. Allah said in His Book: “And certainly We sent Messengers before you and gave them wives and offspring.” So we are the offspring of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family). (Quran 13:38, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5605 _5- عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الْخَلْقَ قِسْمَيْنِ،فَأَلْقَى قِسْماً،وَ أَمْسَكَ قِسْماً،ثُمَّ قَسَمَ ذَلِكَ الْقِسْمَ عَلَى ثَلاَثَةِ أَثْلاَثٍ،فَأَلْقَى ثُلُثَيْنِ وَ أَمْسَكَ ثُلُثاً، ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الثُّلُثِ قُرَيْشاً،ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ،ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَنَحْنُ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ،فَإِنْ قُلْتَ لِلنَّاسِ:لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ذُرِّيَّةٌ،جَحَدُوا،وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ: وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنٰا رُسُلاً مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ أَزْوٰاجاً وَ ذُرِّيَّةً فَنَحْنُ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ».

قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ:أَنَا أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكُمْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ.ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لَهُ:اُدْعُ اللَّهَ لِي-جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ-أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِي مَعَكُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.فَدَعَا لِي ذَلِكَ،قَالَ:وَ قَبَّلْتُ بَاطِنَ يَدِهِ.

Translation: Ja‘far ibn Muhammad (peace be upon them) said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: Allah created the creation in two parts: He cast away one part and retained a part. Then He divided that retained part into three thirds: He cast away two thirds and retained one third. From that third He chose Quraysh; from Quraysh He chose Banu ‘Abd al-Muttalib; and from Banu ‘Abd al-Muttalib He chose the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family). We are his offspring. If you tell people, “The Messenger of Allah has offspring,” they deny it; yet Allah has said: “And certainly We sent Messengers before you and gave them wives and offspring.” Thus we are his offspring. I said: I bear witness that you are his offspring. Then I said to him: Pray to Allah for me—may I be your ransom—to place me with you in this world and the Hereafter. He prayed for me, and I kissed the inside of his hand. (Quran 13:38, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5606 _6- وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ شُعَيْبٍ،عَنْهُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «نَحْنُ ذُرِّيَّةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي عَلَى مَا يُعَادُونَنَا!إِلاَّ لِقَرَابَتِنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

Translation: In Shu‘ayb’s report from him (peace be upon him): We are the offspring of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family). By Allah, I do not know why they show enmity toward us, except due to our kinship to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family).

قوله تعالى:

يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ [39]

Translation: “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5607 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،وَ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَ غَيْرِهِمَا،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ قَالَ:فَقَالَ:

«وَ هَلْ يُمْحَى إِلاَّ مَا كَانَ ثَابِتاً،وَ هَلْ يُثْبَتُ إِلاَّ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ؟».

Translation: Regarding the verse “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases),” Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: Is anything effaced except what had been established? And is anything established except what had not yet been? (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:52/214.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:52/214.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:53/214.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:53/214.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:54/214.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:54/214.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:55/214.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:55/214.

_1) -الكافي 1:2/113.

Transliteration: al-Kāfī 1:2/113.

99-/5608 _2- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «الْعِلْمُ عِلْمَانِ:فَعِلْمٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مَخْزُونٌ لَمْ يَطَّلِعْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِهِ،وَ عِلْمٌ عَلَّمَهُ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ وَ رُسُلَهُ،فَمَا عَلَّمَهُ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ وَ رُسُلَهُ فَإِنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ،لاَ يُكَذِّبُ نَفْسَهُ وَ لاَ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ وَ لاَ رُسُلَهُ؛وَ عِلْمٌ عِنْدَهُ مَخْزُونٌ،يُقَدِّمُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يُثْبِتُ مَا يَشَاءُ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: Knowledge is of two kinds: a knowledge with Allah that is stored, which He has not disclosed to any of His creation; and a knowledge He taught to His angels and His Messengers. Whatever He taught His angels and Messengers shall certainly occur—He does not belie Himself, nor His angels, nor His Messengers. And there is a knowledge with Him that is stored: from it He brings forward what He wills, delays what He wills, and establishes what He wills.

99-/5609 _3- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَدِمَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَلَى أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ،وَ هُوَ بَيْنَ الْحِيرَةِ وَ الْكُوفَةِ وَ مَعَهُ ابْنُ شُبْرُمَةَ الْقَاضِي،فَقَالَ لَهُ:إِلَى أَيْنَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؟فَقَالَ:«أَرَدْتُكَ»فَقَالَ:قَدْ قَصَّرَ اللَّهُ خُطَاكَ.قَالَ:فَمَضَى مَعَهُ.

فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ شُبْرُمَةَ:مَا تَقُولُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،فِي شَيْءٍ سَأَلَنِي عَنْهُ الْأَمِيرُ،فَلَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدِي فِيهِ شَيْءٌ؟فَقَالَ:«وَ مَا هُوَ؟»قَالَ:سَأَلَنِي عَنْ أَوَّلِ كِتَابٍ كُتِبَ فِي الْأَرْضِ.فَقَالَ:«نَعَمْ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَرَضَ عَلَى آدَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)ذُرِّيَّتَهُ عَرْضَ الْعَيْنِ فِي صُوَرِ الذَّرِّ،نَبِيّاً فَنَبِيّاً،وَ مَلِكاً فَمَلِكاً،وَ مُؤْمِناً فَمُؤْمِناً،وَ كَافِراً فَكَافِراً،فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى دَاوُدَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ:مَنْ هَذَا الَّذِي نَبَّأْتَهُ وَ كَرَّمْتَهُ وَ قَصَّرْتَ عُمُرَهُ؟-قَالَ-فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ:هَذَا ابْنُكَ دَاوُدُ،عُمُرُهُ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً،وَ إِنِّي قَدْ كَتَبْتُ الْآجَالَ وَ قَسَمْتُ الْأَرْزَاقَ،وَ أَنَا أَمْحُو مَا أَشَاءُ وَ أُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدِي أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ،فَإِنْ جَعَلْتَ لَهُ شَيْئاً مِنْ عُمُرِكَ،أَلْحَقْتُهُ لَهُ.قَالَ:يَا رَبِّ،قَدْ جَعَلْتُ لَهُ مِنْ عُمُرِي سِتِّينَ سَنَةً تَمَامَ الْمِائَةِ،-قَالَ-فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِجَبْرَئِيلَ وَ مِيكَائِيلَ وَ مَلَكِ الْمَوْتِ:اُكْتُبُوا عَلَيْهِ كِتَاباً فَإِنَّهُ سَيَنْسَى-قَالَ-فَكَتَبُوا عَلَيْهِ كِتَاباً وَ خَتَمُوهُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهِمْ مِنْ طِينَةِ عِلِّيِّينَ».

قَالَ:«فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْ آدَمَ الْوَفَاةُ،أَتَاهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ،فَقَالَ آدَمُ:يَا مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ،مَا جَاءَ بِكَ؟قَالَ:جِئْتُ لِأَقْبِضَ رُوحَكَ.قَالَ:قَدْ بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِي سِتُّونَ سَنَةً،فَقَالَ:إِنَّكَ جَعَلْتَهَا لاِبْنِكَ دَاوُدَ-قَالَ-وَ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ،وَ أَخْرَجَ لَهُ الْكِتَابَ»فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«فَمِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ،إِذَا أُخْرِجَ الصَّكُّ عَلَى الْمَدْيُونِ ذَلَّ الْمَدْيُونُ،فَقَبَضَ رُوحَهُ».

Translation: When Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon him) came to Abu al-‘Abbas between al-Hira and Kufa, with the judge Ibn Shubruma present, the latter asked him about a question the ruler had posed: What was the first document written on earth? He replied: Indeed, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, presented Adam (peace be upon him) with his progeny, visibly in the form of particles—prophet by prophet, king by king, believer by believer, and disbeliever by disbeliever. When he came to David (peace be upon him), he said: Who is this whom You have made a prophet and honored, yet made his life short? Allah revealed to him: This is your son David; his lifespan is forty years. I have written the appointed terms and apportioned sustenance, and I efface what I will and establish, and with Me is the Mother of the Book. If you assign him something from your lifespan, I will attach it to him. He said: My Lord, I have given him from my lifespan sixty years to complete one hundred. Allah then told Gabriel, Michael, and the Angel of Death: Write a document against him, for he will forget. So they wrote a document and sealed it with their wings from the clay of ‘Illiyyīn. When death approached Adam, the Angel of Death came. Adam said: What brings you? He said: I came to seize your soul. Adam said: Sixty years remain of my life. He said: You gave them to your son David. Then Gabriel descended and produced the document. Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: For that reason, when a writ is presented against a debtor, the debtor is humbled; then he seized his soul.

99-/5610 _4- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ،عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،عَرَضَ عَلَى آدَمَ أَسْمَاءَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ أَعْمَارَهُمْ-قَالَ-فَمَرَّ بِآدَمَ اسْمُ دَاوُدَ النَّبِيِّ،فَإِذَا عُمُرُهُ فِي الْعَالَمِ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً،فَقَالَ آدَمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):يَا رَبِّ،مَا أَقَلَّ عُمُرَ دَاوُدَ وَ مَا أَكْثَرَ عُمُرِي!يَا رَبِّ،إِنْ أَنَا زِدْتُ دَاوُدَ مِنْ عُمُرِي ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً،أَثْبَتَّ ذَلِكَ لَهُ؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ يَا آدَمُ.قَالَ:فَإِنِّي قَدْ زِدْتُهُ مِنْ عُمُرِي ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً،فَأَنْفِذْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ،وَ أَثْبِتْهَا لَهُ عِنْدَكَ وَ اطْرَحْهَا مِنْ عُمُرِي».

Translation: Ibn Babawayh narrates from Abu Ja‘far al-Baqir (peace be upon him): Allah presented to Adam the names of the prophets and their lifespans. Adam came across the name of the Prophet David, whose lifespan was forty years. Adam said: My Lord, how little David’s life is and how much mine is! My Lord, if I add thirty years of my life to David’s, will You establish that for him? He said: Yes, O Adam. He said: Then I have added to him thirty years of my lifespan, so carry that out for him, record it for him with You, and subtract it from my life.

_2) -الكافي 1:6/114.

Transliteration: al-Kāfī 1:6/114.

_3) -الكافي 7:1/378.

Transliteration: al-Kāfī 7:1/378.

_4) -علل الشرائع:1/553.

Transliteration: ‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘ 1:553.

[1] الحيرة:مدينة كانت على ثلاثة أميال من الكوفة.«معجم البلدان 2:328».

Transliteration: al-Ḥīrah: madīnah kānat ‘alā thalāthati amīl min al-Kūfah. “Mu‘jam al-Buldān 2:328”.

[2] في المصدر:و هو بالحيرة،خرج يوما يريد عيسى بن موسى فاستقبله بين الحيرة و الكوفة.

Transliteration: Fī al-maṣdar: wa huwa bi-l-Ḥīrah, kharaja yawman yurīdu ‘Īsā ibn Mūsā fa-istaqbalahu bayna al-Ḥīrah wa-l-Kūfah.

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«فَأَثْبَتَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِدَاوُدَ فِي عُمُرِهِ ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً،وَ كَانَتْ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مُثْبَتَةً،وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ -قَالَ-فَمَحَا اللَّهُ مَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُ مُثْبَتاً لِآدَمَ، وَ أَثْبَتَ لِدَاوُدَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ مُثْبَتاً».

قَالَ:«فَمَضَى عُمُرُ آدَمَ،فَهَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ لِيَقْبِضَ رُوحَهُ،فَقَالَ لَهُ آدَمُ:يَا مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ،إِنَّهُ قَدْ بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِي ثَلاَثُونَ سَنَةً.فَقَالَ لَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ:يَا آدَمُ،أَ لَمْ تَجْعَلْهَا لاِبْنِكَ دَاوُدَ النَّبِيِّ،وَ طَرَحْتَهَا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ حِينَ عُرِضَ عَلَيْكَ أَسْمَاءُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِكَ،وَ عُرِضَتْ عَلَيْكَ أَعْمَارُهُمْ،وَ أَنْتَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِوَادِي الرَّوْحَاءِ؟-قَالَ-فَقَالَ لَهُ آدَمُ:مَا أَذْكُرُ هَذَا-قَالَ-فَقَالَ لَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ:يَا آدَمُ،لاَ تَجْحَدْ،أَ لَمْ تَسْأَلِ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يُثْبِتَهَا لِدَاوُدَ،وَ يَمْحُوَهَا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ، فَأَثْبَتَهَا لِدَاوُدَ فِي الزَّبُورِ وَ مَحَاهَا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ فِي الذِّكْرِ؟قَالَ آدَمُ:حَتَّى أَعْلَمَ ذَلِكَ».

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«وَ كَانَ آدَمُ صَادِقاً،لَمْ يَذْكُرْ وَ لَمْ يَجْحَدْ،فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى الْعِبَادَ، أَنْ يَكْتُبُوا بَيْنَهُمْ إِذَا تَدَايَنُوا وَ تَعَامَلُوا إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمَّى،لِنِسْيَانِ آدَمَ وَ جُحُودِهِ مَا جَعَلَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: Allah established for David thirty years added to his life, recorded with Allah; that is His saying: “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” So Allah effaced what had been established for Adam and established for David what had not been established. When Adam’s life ran its course, the Angel of Death descended. Adam said: Thirty years remain of my life. The Angel said: Did you not assign them to your son David and subtract them from your life when the names of the prophets from your progeny and their lifespans were presented to you in the Valley of al-Rawhā’? Adam said: I do not recall this. The Angel said: Do not deny. Did you not ask Allah to establish them for David and efface them from your life? He established them for David in the Zabur and effaced them from your life in the Reminder. Adam said: Bring the document so I may know. Abu Ja‘far said: Adam was truthful—he did not remember nor deny. From that day Allah commanded the servants to write between themselves when they contract debts and transactions to a specified term, because of Adam’s forgetting and his denial of what he had obligated upon himself. (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5611 _5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِذَا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ،نَزَلَتِ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ وَ الْكَتَبَةُ إِلَى سَمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا، فَيَكْتُبُونَ مَا يَكُونُ مِنْ قَضَاءِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ،فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُقَدِّمَ أَوْ يُؤَخِّرَ أَوْ يَنْقُصَ شَيْئاً أَوْ يَزِيدَهُ، أَمَرَ الْمَلَكَ أَنْ يَمْحُوَ مَا يَشَاءُ،ثُمَّ أَثْبَتَ الَّذِي أَرَادَ».

قُلْتُ:وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ عِنْدَهُ بِمِقْدارٍ مُثْبَتٌ فِي كِتَابِهِ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ».

قُلْتُ:فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ يَكُونُ بَعْدُ؟قَالَ:«سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ،ثُمَّ يُحْدِثُ اللَّهُ أَيْضاً مَا يَشَاءُ،تَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ وَ تَعَالَى».

Translation: Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: On the Night of Decree, the angels, the Spirit, and the scribes descend to the lowest heaven and write what will be of Allah’s decree in that year. If Allah wishes to advance, delay, decrease, or increase something, He commands the angel to efface what He wills, then to establish what He intends. I asked: Is everything with Him measured and recorded in His Book? He said: Yes. I asked: Then what remains thereafter? He said: Glory be to Allah! Then Allah also brings about what He wills. Blessed and Exalted is Allah.

99-/5612 _6- الشَّيْخُ فِي(أَمَالِيهِ):عَنْ شَيْخِهِ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ،فَقَالَ:

«تَنَزَّلُ فِيهَا الْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ وَ الْكَتَبَةُ إِلَى سَمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا،فَيَكْتُبُونَ مَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ فِي أَمْرِ السَّنَةِ،وَ مَا يُصِيبُ الْعِبَادَ فِيهَا، وَ أَمْرٌ مَوْقُوفٌ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى فِيهِ الْمَشِيئَةُ،يُقَدِّمُ فِيهِ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) was asked about the Night of Decree. He said: On it the angels, the Spirit, and the scribes descend to the lowest heaven and write what shall occur in the affairs of the year and what will befall the servants. There is also a matter held in suspension for Allah, in which He has the will: He advances in it what He wills and delays what He wills. That is His saying: “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5613 _7- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا جَمَاعَةٌ،عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْهَاشِمِيُّ بِسُرَّ مَنْ رَأَى،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ مُوسَى،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي عَمِّي عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ: بَعَثَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْمَنْصُورُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،وَ أَمَرَ بِفُرُشٍ فَطُرِحَتْ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ،فَأَجْلَسَهُ عَلَيْهَا،ثُمَّ قَالَ:عَلَيَّ بِمُحَمَّدٍ،عَلَيَّ بِالْمَهْدِيِّ.يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ مِرَاراً،فَقِيلَ لَهُ:اَلسَّاعَةَ يَأْتِي يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،مَا يَحْبِسُهُ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ يَتَبَخَّرُ.فَمَا لَبِثَ أَنْ وَافَى،وَ قَدْ سَبَقَتْهُ رَائِحَتُهُ، فَأَقْبَلَ الْمَنْصُورُ عَلَى جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ:يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،حَدِيثٌ حَدِّثْنِيهِ فِي صِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ،اذْكُرْهُ يَسْمَعْهُ الْمَهْدِيُّ.

قَالَ:«نَعَمْ،حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ جَدِّهِ،عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَصِلُ رَحِمَهُ وَ قَدْ بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِهِ ثَلاَثُ سِنِينَ،فَيُصَيِّرُهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً،وَ يَقْطَعُهَا وَ قَدْ بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِهِ ثَلاَثُونَ سَنَةً،فَيُصَيِّرُهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ثَلاَثَ سِنِينَ،ثُمَّ تَلاَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ »الْآيَةَ.

قَالَ:هَذَا حَسَنٌ-يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ-وَ لَيْسَ إِيَّاهُ أَرَدْتُ،قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ:«نَعَمْ،حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ جَدِّهِ،عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):صِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ تَعْمُرُ الدِّيَارَ،وَ تَزِيدُ فِي الْأَعْمَارِ،وَ إِنْ كَانَ أَهْلُهَا غَيْرَ أَخْيَارٍ».

قَالَ:هَذَا حَسَنٌ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،وَ لَيْسَ هَذَا أَرَدْتُ،فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«نَعَمْ،حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ جَدِّهِ،عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):صِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ تُهَوِّنُ الْحِسَابَ،وَ تَقِي مِيتَةَ السَّوْءِ»قَالَ الْمَنْصُورُ:نَعَمْ إِيَّاهُ أَرَدْتُ.

Translation: Al-Mansur summoned Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Sadiq (peace be upon them), seated him honorably, and called for Muhammad al-Mahdi to hear a hadith on maintaining kinship ties. Abu ‘Abdullah related from his forefathers, from ‘Ali (peace be upon them), from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family): A man may maintain his kinship while only three years of his life remain, so Allah makes them thirty years; and he may sever it while thirty years of his life remain, so Allah makes them three years. Then he recited: “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” He also narrated: Maintaining kinship populates homes and increases lifespans, even if their people are not virtuous. And: Maintaining kinship eases the reckoning and protects from an evil death. Al-Mansur said: Yes, that is what I wanted. (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5614 _8- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ،عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ،قَالَ:قَالَ لِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)- وَ أَنَا وَاقِفٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ-اِبْتِدَاءً مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ:«يَا أَيُّوبُ،إِنَّهُ مَا نَبَّأَ اللَّهُ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ إِلاَّ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ عَلَيْهِ ثَلاَثَ خِصَالٍ:شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ،وَ خَلْعَ الْأَنْدَادِ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ،وَ أَنَّ لِلَّهِ الْمَشِيئَةَ يُقَدِّمُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مَا يَشَاءُ،أَمَا إِنَّهُ إِذَا جَرَى الاِخْتِلاَفُ بَيْنَهُمْ،لَمْ يَزَلِ الاِخْتِلاَفُ بَيْنَهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يَقُومَ صَاحِبُ الْأَمْرِ».

Translation: Abu al-Hasan al-‘Askari (peace be upon him) said to me, unprompted, as I stood before him in Medina: O Ayyub, Allah has not commissioned any prophet until He took from him three pledges: to testify there is no god but Allah; to renounce rivals besides Allah; and that to Allah belongs the will—He advances what He wills and delays what He wills. When disagreement arises among them, it will persist until the Master of the Affair arises.

99-/5615 _9- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «مَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً حَتَّى يَأْخُذَ عَلَيْهِ ثَلاَثَ خِلاَلٍ:اَلْإِقْرَارَ لِلَّهِ بِالْعُبُودِيَّةِ،وَ خَلْعَ الْأَنْدَادِ،وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُقَدِّمُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مَا يَشَاءُ».

Translation: Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: Allah did not send any prophet until He took from him three pledges: acknowledgment of servitude to Allah; renunciation of rivals; and that Allah advances what He wills and delays what He wills.

99-/5616 _10- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ.فَقَالَ:«يَنْزِلُ فِيهَا الْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ الْكَتَبَةُ،إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فَيَكْتُبُونَ مَا يَكُونُ مِنْ أَمْرِ السَّنَةِ،وَ مَا يُصِيبُ الْعِبَادَ،وَ أَمْرٌ عِنْدَهُ مَوْقُوفٌ،لَهُ فِيهِ الْمَشِيئَةُ،فَيُقَدِّمُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يَمْحُو وَ يُثْبِتُ،وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ».

Translation: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) about the Night of Decree. He said: The angels and the scribes descend to the lowest heaven and write what will occur in the year and what will befall the servants. There is also a matter held in suspension with Him, in which He has the will: He advances what He wills, delays what He wills, effaces and establishes; and with Him is the Mother of the Book. (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5617 _11- عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ:«لَوْ لاَ آيَةٌ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ،لَحَدَّثْتُكُمْ بِمَا يَكُونُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ».

فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:أَيَّةُ آيَةٍ؟فَقَالَ:«قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon him) used to say: Were it not for a verse in the Book of Allah, I would inform you of what will be until the Day of Resurrection. I asked: Which verse? He said: Allah’s saying, “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

_8) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:56/215.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:56/215.

_9) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:57/215.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:57/215.

_10) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:58/215.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:58/215.

_11) -تفسير العيّاشي 59/215.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 59/215.

99-/5618 _12- عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ .

قَالَ:«هَلْ يُثْبِتُ إِلاَّ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ،وَ هَلْ يَمْحُو إِلاَّ مَا كَانَ».

Translation: Concerning “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book,” he said: Does He establish anything except what had not been? And does He efface anything except what had been? (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5619 _13- عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَدَعْ شَيْئاً كَانَ أَوْ يَكُونُ إِلاَّ كَتَبَهُ فِي كِتَابٍ،فَهُوَ مَوْضُوعٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ،فَمَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ قَدَّمَ،وَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ أَخَّرَ،وَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ مَحَا،وَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ كَانَ،وَ مَا لَمْ يَشَأْ لَمْ يَكُنْ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: Allah has not left anything that has been or will be except that He wrote it in a Book placed before Him, which He looks at. From it He brings forward what He wills, delays what He wills, effaces what He wills; what He wills occurs, and what He does not will does not occur.

99-/5620 _14- عَنْ حُمْرَانَ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ ؟ فَقَالَ:«يَا حُمْرَانُ،إِنَّهُ إِذَا كَانَ لَيْلَةُ لَقَدَرَ،وَ نَزَلَتِ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ الْكَتَبَةُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا،فَيَكْتُبُونَ مَا يُقْضَى فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ مِنْ أَمْرٍ،فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُقَدِّمَ شَيْئاً أَوْ يُؤَخِّرَهُ،أَوْ يَنْقُصَ مِنْهُ أَوْ يَزِيدَ،أَمَرَ الْمَلَكَ فَمَحَا مَا يَشَاءُ،ثُمَّ أَثْبَتَ الَّذِي أَرَادَ».

قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ لَهُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ:فَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَكُونُ فَهُوَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فِي كِتَابٍ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ».

قُلْتُ:فَيَكُونُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا،ثُمَّ كَذَا وَ كَذَا حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى آخِرِهِ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ».

قُلْتُ:فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ يَكُونُ بِيَدِهِ بَعْدُ؟قَالَ:«سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ،ثُمَّ يُحْدِثُ اللَّهُ أَيْضاً مَا شَاءَ،تَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ وَ تَعَالَى».

Translation: I asked Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon him) about “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” He said: On the Night of Decree the angel-scribes descend to the lowest heaven and write what is decreed in that year. If Allah wills to advance, delay, lessen, or increase something, He commands the angel to efface what He wills, then to establish what He intends. I asked: So everything that occurs is with Allah in a Book? He said: Yes. I asked: Then it happens such-and-such, then such-and-such, until it ends? He said: Yes. I said: Then what remains in His hand? He said: Glory be to Allah! Then Allah also brings about what He wills. Blessed and Exalted is He. (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5621 _15- عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «الْعِلْمُ عِلْمَانِ:عِلْمٌ عَلَّمَهُ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ وَ رُسُلَهُ وَ أَنْبِيَاءَهُ،وَ عِلْمٌ عِنْدَهُ مَخْزُونٌ،لَمْ يَطَّلِعْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ،يُحْدِثُ فِيهِ مَا يَشَاءُ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: Knowledge is of two kinds: a knowledge He taught His angels, messengers, and prophets; and a knowledge stored with Him, which none has been shown. In it He brings about what He wills.

99-/5622 _16- عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَتَبَ كِتَاباً فِيهِ مَا كَانَ وَ مَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ،فَوَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ،فَمَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ قَدَّمَ،وَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ أَخَّرَ،وَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ مَحَا،وَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ أَثْبَتَ،وَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ كَانَ،وَ مَا لَمْ يَشَأْ لَمْ يَكُنْ».

Translation: Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: Allah wrote a Book containing what has been and what will be and placed it before Him. From it He brings forward, delays, effaces, establishes what He wills. What He wills occurs, and what He does not will does not occur.

99-/5623 _17- عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «مِنَ الْأُمُورِ أُمُورٌ مَحْتُومَةٌ كَائِنَةٌ لاَ مَحَالَةَ، وَ مِنَ الْأُمُورِ أُمُورٌ مَوْقُوفَةٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ،يُقَدِّمُ فِيهَا مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يَمْحُو مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ مِنْهَا مَا يَشَاءُ،لَمْ يُطْلِعْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَحَداً -يَعْنِي الْمَوْقُوفَةَ-فَأَمَّا مَا جَاءَتْ بِهِ الرُّسُلُ،فَهِيَ كَائِنَةٌ،لاَ يُكَذِّبُ نَفْسَهُ وَ لاَ نَبِيَّهُ وَ لاَ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: Some matters are inevitable and will certainly occur; other matters are suspended with Allah—He advances, effaces, and establishes among them what He wills; He has not disclosed those (suspended matters) to anyone. As for what the messengers have brought, it shall occur—He does not belie Himself, His prophet, or His angels.

_12) -تفسير العيّاشي 60/215.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 60/215.

_13) -تفسير العيّاشي 61/215.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 61/215.

_14) -تفسير العيّاشي 62/216.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 62/216.

_15) -تفسير العيّاشي 63/216.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 63/216.

_16) -تفسير العيّاشي 64/216.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 64/216.

_17) -تفسير العيّاشي 65/217.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 65/217.

99-/5624 _18- عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ): «يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ،إِنْ حَدَّثْنَاكَ بِأَمْرٍ أَنَّهُ يَجِيءُ مِنْ هَاهُنَا فَجَاءَ مِنْ هَاهُنَا،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَصْنَعُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ إِنْ حَدَّثْنَاكَ الْيَوْمَ بِحَدِيثٍ،وَ حَدَّثْنَاكَ غَداً بِخِلاَفِهِ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَمْحُو مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far and Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon them) said: O Abu Hamzah, if we tell you a matter will come from here and it comes from there, then Allah does what He wills. And if we tell you something today and tomorrow tell you the contrary, then Allah effaces what He wills and establishes.

99-/5625 _19- عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَي،عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ،عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ:

«الْعِلْمُ عِلْمَانِ:فَعِلْمٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مَخْزُونٌ لَمْ يُطْلِعْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِهِ؛وَ عِلْمٌ عَلَّمَهُ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ وَ رُسُلَهُ وَ أَنْبِيَاءَهُ،فَمَا عَلَّمَ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ[وَ رُسُلَهُ] فَإِنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ،لاَ يُكَذِّبُ نَفْسَهُ وَ لاَ مَلاَئِكَتَهُ وَ لاَ رُسُلَهُ،عِلْمٌ عِنْدَهُ مَخْزُونٌ،يُقَدِّمُ فِيهِ مَا يَشَاءُ، وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يَمْحُو مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يُثْبِتُ مَا يَشَاءُ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: Knowledge is of two kinds: one with Allah, stored, which He has not disclosed to any of His creation; and one He taught His angels, messengers, and prophets. Whatever He taught His angels [and His messengers] will certainly occur—He does not belie Himself, His angels, or His messengers. There is a knowledge with Him stored, in which He advances, delays, effaces, and establishes what He wills.

99-/5626 _20- عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَمِقِ،قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)حِينَ ضُرِبَ عَلَى قَرْنِهِ،فَقَالَ لِي:

«يَا عَمْرُو،إِنِّي مُفَارِقُكُمْ»،ثُمَّ قَالَ:«سَنَةُ [إلى] السَّبْعِينَ فِيهَا بَلاَءٌ»قَالَهَا ثَلاَثاً.

فَقُلْتُ فَهَلْ بَعْدَ الْبَلاَءِ رَخَاءٌ؟فَلَمْ يُجِبْنِي، وَ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ، فَبَكَتْ أُمُّ كُلْثُومٍ فَأَفَاقَ فَقَالَ:يَا أُمَّ كُلْثُومٍ لاَ تُؤْذِينِي،فَإِنَّكِ لَوْ قَدْ تَرَيْنَ مَا أَرَى لَمْ تَبْكِي،إِنَّ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ بَعْضُهُمْ خَلْفَ بَعْضٍ وَ النَّبِيِّينَ خَلْفَهُمْ وَ هَذَا مُحَمَّدٌ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَخَذَ بِيَدِي،يَقُولُ: انْطَلِقْ يَا عَلِيُّ فَمَا أَمَامَكَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِمَّا أَنْتَ فِيهِ فَقُلْتُ:بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي،قُلْتَ لِي:إِلَى السَّبْعِينَ بَلاَءٌ،فَهَلْ بَعْدَ السَّبْعِينَ رَخَاءٌ؟فَقَالَ:«نَعَمْ يَا عَمْرُو،وَ إِنْ بَعْدَ الْبَلاَءِ رَخَاءٌ وَ يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ ».

Translation: ‘Amr ibn al-Hamīq said: I entered upon the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) when he had been struck on his head. He said: O ‘Amr, I am leaving you. Then he said three times: Up to the year seventy there will be tribulation. I asked: Will there be relief after tribulation? He did not answer and fainted. Umm Kulthūm wept; when he recovered he said: O Umm Kulthūm, do not distress me, for if you saw what I see you would not weep. The angels in the seven heavens are arrayed, the prophets behind them, and this is Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family) holding my hand, saying: Come, O ‘Ali, for what lies ahead is better for you than what you are in. I said: May my father and mother be your ransom, you told me: Until the seventy, tribulation; is there relief after the seventy? He said: Yes, O ‘Amr, there is relief after tribulation. “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5627 _21- قَالَ أَبُو حَمْزَةَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِنَّ عَلِيّاً كَانَ يَقُولُ:«إِلَى السَّبْعِينَ بَلاَءٌ،وَ بَعْدَ السَّبْعِينَ رَخَاءٌ»وَ قَدْ مَضَتِ السَّبْعُونَ وَ لَمْ يَرَوْا رَخَاءً؟ فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«يَا ثَابِتُ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ قَدْ وَقَّتَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فِي السَّبْعِينَ،فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ)،اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللَّهِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ،فَأَخَّرَهُ إِلَى أَرْبَعِينَ وَ مِائَةِ سَنَةٍ،فَحَدَّثْنَاكُمْ فَأَذَعْتُمُ الْحَدِيثَ وَ كَشَفْتُمْ قِنَاعَ السِّتْرِ،فَأَخَّرَهُ اللَّهُ وَ لَمْ يَجْعَلْ لِذَلِكَ عِنْدَنَا وَقْتاً»ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ .

Translation: Abu Hamzah said: I said to Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him): ‘Ali used to say, “Up to the seventy, tribulation; after the seventy, relief,” but seventy has passed and they have not seen relief. He said: O Thābit, Allah had appointed this matter for the year seventy, but when Husayn (peace be upon him) was killed, Allah’s anger against the people of the earth intensified, so He delayed it to one hundred and forty years. We informed you, but you divulged the report and lifted the veil, so Allah delayed it and set no time for it with us. Then he recited: “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5628 _22- عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا أَرَادَ فَنَاءَ قَوْمٍ،أَمَرَ الْفَلَكَ فَأَسْرَعَ الدَّوْرُ بِهِمْ،فَكَانَ مَا يُرِيدُ مِنَ النُّقْصَانِ،فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بَقَاءَ قَوْمٍ،أَمَرَ الْفَلَكَ فَأَبْطَأَ الدَّوْرُ بِهِمْ،فَكَانَ مَا يُرِيدُ مِنَ الزِّيَادَةِ،فَلاَ تُنْكِرُوا،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَمْحُو مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: When Allah wills the perishing of a people, He commands the celestial sphere and its rotation hastens for them, bringing about the diminution He intends. When He wills the continuance of a people, He commands the sphere and its rotation slows for them, bringing about the increase He intends. Do not deny this, for Allah effaces what He wills and establishes, and with Him is the Mother of the Book. (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

_18) -تفسير العيّاشي 66/217.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 66/217.

_19) -تفسير العيّاشي 67/217.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 67/217.

_20) -تفسير العيّاشي 68/217.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 68/217.

_21) -تفسير العيّاشي 69/218.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 69/218.

_22) -تفسير العيّاشي 70/218.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 70/218.

[1] من الكافي 1:6/114،و قد تقدّمت الرواية في الحديث(2)من تفسير هذه الآيات.

Transliteration: Min al-Kāfī 1:6/114, wa qad taqaddamat al-riwāyah fī al-ḥadīth (2) min tafsīr hādhihi al-āyāt.

99-/5629 _23- عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُقَدِّمُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يَمْحُو مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ يُثْبِتُ مَا يَشَاءُ،وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ،-وَ قَالَ-لِكُلِّ أَمْرٍ يُرِيدُهُ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ فِي عِلْمِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصْنَعَهُ،وَ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ يَبْدُو لَهُ إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ كَانَ فِي عِلْمِهِ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَبْدُو لَهُ مِنْ جَهْلٍ».

Translation: Abu ‘Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: Allah advances what He wills, delays what He wills, effaces what He wills, and establishes what He wills; and with Him is the Mother of the Book. For every matter Allah intends, it is in His knowledge before He brings it about; nothing occurs to Him unexpectedly except that it had already been in His knowledge. Allah does not experience emergence (badā’) out of ignorance.

99-/5630 _24- عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَهْبَطَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ ظُلَلاً مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ عَلَى آدَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ هُوَ بِوَادٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ الرَّوْحَاءُ،وَ هُوَ وَادٍ بَيْنَ الطَّائِفِ وَ مَكَّةَ-قَالَ-فَمَسَحَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ آدَمَ ثُمَّ صَرَخَ بِذُرِّيَّتِهِ وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ-قَالَ-فَخَرَجُوا كَمَا يَخْرُجُ النَّحْلُ مِنْ كُورِهَا،فَاجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْوَادِي.فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِآدَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):اُنْظُرْ مَا ذَا تَرَى؟فَقَالَ آدَمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):ذَرّاً كَثِيراً عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْوَادِي.فَقَالَ اللَّهُ:يَا آدَمُ،هَؤُلاَءِ ذُرِّيَّتُكَ أَخْرَجْتُهُمْ مِنْ ظَهْرِكَ لِآخُذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمِيثَاقَ لِي بِالرُّبُوبِيَّةِ،وَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ،كَمَا أَخَذْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي السَّمَاءِ.

قَالَ آدَمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):يَا رَبِّ،وَ كَيْفَ وَسِعَتْهُمْ ظَهْرِي؟قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى:يَا آدَمُ،بِلُطْفِ صُنْعِي وَ نَافِذِ قُدْرَتِي.قَالَ آدَمُ:يَا رَبِّ،فَمَا تُرِيدُ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْمِيثَاقِ؟فَقَالَ اللَّهُ:أَنْ لاَ يُشْرِكُوا بِي شَيْئاً.قَالَ آدَمُ:فَمَنْ أَطَاعَكَ مِنْهُمْ يَا رَبِّ،فَمَا جَزَاؤُهُ؟قَالَ اللَّهُ:أُسْكِنُهُ جَنَّتِي،قَالَ آدَمُ:فَمَنْ عَصَاكَ فَمَا جَزَاؤُهُ؟قَالَ:أُسْكِنُهُ نَارِي.قَالَ آدَمُ:يَا رَبِّ،لَقَدْ عَدَلْتَ فِيهِمْ،وَ لَيَعْصِيَنَّكَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ إِنْ لَمْ تَعْصِمْهُمْ».

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«ثُمَّ عَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَى آدَمَ أَسْمَاءَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ،وَ أَعْمَارَهُمْ-قَالَ-فَمَرَّ آدَمُ بِاسْمِ دَاوُدَ النَّبِيِّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَإِذَا عُمُرُهُ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً،فَقَالَ:يَا رَبِّ،مَا أَقَلَّ عُمُرَ دَاوُدَ وَ أَكْثَرَ عُمُرِي!يَا رَبِّ،إِنْ أَنَا زِدْتُ دَاوُدَ مِنْ عُمُرِي ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً،أَ يُنْفَذُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ.قَالَ:نَعَمْ يَا آدَمُ.قَالَ:فَإِنِّي قَدْ زِدْتُهُ مِنْ عُمُرِي ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً فَأَنْفِذْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ،وَ أَثْبِتْهَا لَهُ عِنْدَكَ،وَ اطْرَحْهَا مِنْ عُمُرِي».

قَالَ:«فَأَثْبَتَ اللَّهُ لِدَاوُدَ مِنْ عُمُرِهِ ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً،وَ لَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مُثْبَتَةً،وَ مَحَا مِنْ عُمُرِ آدَمَ ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً، وَ كَانَتْ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مُثْبَتَةً».فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ -قَالَ-فَمَحَا اللَّهُ مَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُ مُثْبَتاً لِآدَمَ،وَ أَثْبَتَ لِدَاوُدَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ مُثْبَتاً».

قَالَ:«فَلَمَّا دَنَا عُمُرُ آدَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،هَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لِيَقْبِضَ رُوحَهُ،فَقَالَ لَهُ آدَمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):يَا مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ،قَدْ بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِي ثَلاَثُونَ سَنَةً.

فَقَالَ لَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ:أَ لَمْ تَجْعَلْهَا لاِبْنِكَ دَاوُدَ النَّبِيِّ،وَ طَرَحْتَهَا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ حَيْثُ عَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ أَسْمَاءَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِكَ،وَ عَرَضَ عَلَيْكَ أَعْمَارَهُمْ،وَ أَنْتَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِوَادِي الرَّوْحَاءِ؟فَقَالَ آدَمُ:يَا مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ،مَا أَذْكُرُ هَذَا.

فَقَالَ لَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ:يَا آدَمُ،لاَ تَجْهَلْ،أَ لَمْ تَسْأَلِ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُثْبِتَهَا لِدَاوُدَ وَ يَمْحُوَهَا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ،فَأَثْبَتَهَا لِدَاوُدَ فِي الزَّبُورِ، وَ مَحَاهَا مِنْ عُمُرِكَ مِنَ الذِّكْرِ؟-قَالَ-فَقَالَ آدَمُ:فَأَحْضِرِ الْكِتَابَ حَتَّى أَعْلَمَ ذَلِكَ».

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«وَ كَانَ آدَمُ صَادِقاً،لَمْ يَذْكُرْ وَ لَمْ يَجْحَدْ».قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ، أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْعِبَادَ أَنْ يَكْتُبُوا بَيْنَهُمْ إِذَا تَدَايَنُوا وَ تَعَامَلُوا إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمَّى،لِنِسْيَانِ آدَمَ وَ جُحُودِهِ مَا جَعَلَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) narrated the covenant scene with Adam at the Valley of al-Rawhā’, the display of his progeny, the covenant for lordship and for Muhammad’s prophethood, and the addition of thirty years from Adam’s lifespan to David’s—established for David and effaced from Adam—then cited: “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” When Adam’s term approached, the Angel of Death reminded him of the transfer; Adam asked for the document. Abu Ja‘far said: Adam was truthful—he did not remember nor deny. From that day Allah commanded people to write between themselves when they contract debts and transactions to a specified term, due to Adam’s forgetting and his denial of what he had obligated upon himself. (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

_23) -تفسير العيّاشي 71/218.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 71/218.

_24) -تفسير العيّاشي 73/218.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 73/218.

99-/5631 _25- عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ .

قَالَ:«إِنَّ ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابَ كِتَابٌ يَمْحُو اللَّهُ فِيهِ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ،فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ الَّذِي يَرُدُّ الدُّعَاءُ الْقَضَاءَ،وَ ذَلِكَ الدُّعَاءُ مَكْتُوبٌ عَلَيْهِ:اَلَّذِي يُرَدُّ بِهِ الْقَضَاءُ،حَتَّى إِذَا صَارَ إِلَى أُمِّ الْكِتَابِ،لَمْ يُغْنِ الدُّعَاءُ فِيهِ شَيْئاً».

Translation: Asked about Allah’s saying “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book,” he said: That Book is one in which Allah effaces and establishes. Among that is what prayer repels of decree; and that prayer is written there as “that by which the decree is repelled.” But when it reaches the Mother of the Book, prayer avails nothing. (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5632 _26- عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): إِنَّ الْمَرْءَ لَيَصِلُ رَحِمَهُ وَ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِهِ إِلاَّ ثَلاَثُ سِنِينَ فَيَمُدُّهَا اللَّهُ إِلَى ثَلاَثٍ وَ ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً،وَ إِنَّ الْمَرْءَ لَيَقْطَعُ رَحِمَهُ وَ قَدْ بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِهِ ثَلاَثٌ وَ ثَلاَثُونَ سَنَةً،فَيَقْصُرُهَا اللَّهُ ثَلاَثَ سِنِينَ أَوْ أَدْنَى»قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ:وَ كَانَ جَعْفَرٌ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَتْلُو هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ .

Translation: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: A man may maintain his kinship while only three years of his life remain, so Allah extends it to thirty-three years; and a man may sever his kinship while thirty-three years remain, so Allah shortens it to three years or less. Al-Husayn said: Ja‘far (peace be upon him) would recite this verse: “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5633 _27- صَاحِبُ(الثَّاقِبِ فِي الْمَنَاقِبِ)عَنْ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ الْأَرْضِيُّ أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ،يَعْنِي الْحَسَنَ الْعَسْكَرِيَّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ .

فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«هَلْ يَمْحُو إِلاَّ مَا كَانَ،وَ هَلْ يُثْبِتُ إِلاَّ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ؟!».

فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي:هَذَا خِلاَفُ قَوْلِ هِشَامٍ،إِنَّهُ لاَ يَعْلَمُ بِالشَّيْءِ حَتَّى يَكُونَ.فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، وَ قَالَ:«اللَّهُ تَعَالَى،الْجَبَّارُ،الْعَالِمُ بِالْأَشْيَاءِ قَبْلَ كَوْنِهَا،الْخَالِقُ إِذْ لاَ مَخْلُوقَ،وَ الرَّبُّ إِذْ لاَ مَرْبُوبَ،وَ الْقَادِرُ قَبْلَ الْمَقْدُورِ عَلَيْهِ»،فَقُلْتُ:أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ حُجَّةُ اللَّهِ،وَ وَلِيُّهُ بِقِسْطٍ،وَ أَنَّكَ عَلَى مِنْهَاجِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).

Translation: Abu Hāshim al-Ja‘farī said: Muhammad ibn Ṣāliḥ al-Arḍī asked Abū Muhammad, al-Hasan al-‘Askari (peace be upon him), about Allah’s saying: “Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the basis of the Book.” He said: Does He efface anything except what had been? And does He establish anything except what had not been? I thought to myself: This contradicts Hishām’s statement that He does not know a thing until it exists. Abū Muhammad looked at me and said: Allah, the Most High, the Compeller, knows things before their existence; He is the Creator when there is no created thing, the Lord when there is no subject, and the Powerful before there is anything over which power is exercised. I said: I bear witness you are Allah’s proof, His just wali, and that you are upon the path of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him). (Quran 13:39, M. H. Shakir)

قوله تعالى:

أَ وَ لَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا نَأْتِي الْأَرْضَ نَنْقُصُهَا مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ سَيَعْلَمُ الْكُفَّارُ لِمَنْ عُقْبَى الدَّارِ [41-42]

Translation: “And do they not see that We are visiting the land, curtailing it of its sides? And Allah pronounces a doom—there is no repeller of His decree, and He is swift to take account. And those before them devised plans, but all planning is Allah’s; He knows what every soul earns, and the unbelievers shall soon know for whom is the (good) issue of the abode.” (Quran 13:41-42, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5634 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،يَقُولُ:إِنَّهُ يُسَخِّي نَفْسِي فِي سُرْعَةِ الْمَوْتِ أَوِ الْقَتْلِ فِينَا،قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: أَ وَ لَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا نَأْتِي الْأَرْضَ نَنْقُصُهَا مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا وَ هُوَ فَقْدُ الْعُلَمَاءِ».

Translation: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon them) used to say: What makes my soul generous regarding the quickness of death or killing among us is Allah’s saying: “And do they not see that We are visiting the land, curtailing it of its sides”—that is, the loss of the scholars. (Quran 13:41, M. H. Shakir)

_25) -تفسير العيّاشي 74/220.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 74/220.

_26) -تفسير العيّاشي 75/220.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 75/220.

_27) -الثاقب في المناقب:507/566.

Transliteration: al-Thāqib fī al-Manāqib 507/566.

_1) -الكافي 1:6/30.

Transliteration: al-Kāfī 1:6/30.

[1] في المصدر و هو:ذهاب.

Transliteration: Fī al-maṣdar wa huwa: dhahāb.