S 10 A 49-54

قوله تعالى:

إِذٰا جٰاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ فَلاٰ يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سٰاعَةً وَ لاٰ يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ أَسَرُّوا النَّدٰامَةَ لَمّٰا رَأَوُا الْعَذٰابَ وَ قُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقِسْطِ وَ هُمْ لاٰ يُظْلَمُونَ [49-54]

10:49–54 (M. H. Shakir): Say: I do not control for myself any harm, or any profit except what Allah pleases; every nation has its term, when their term comes, they shall not then remain behind for an hour, nor shall they go before. Say: Tell me if His punishment overtakes you by night or by day, what would the guilty then hasten on? And when it shall come to pass, you will believe in it; What! now! and indeed you did hasten on (the coming of) it. Then shall it be said to those who were unjust: Taste the abiding punishment; shall you be rewarded except for what you used to earn? And they ask you: Is that true? Say: Aye! by my Lord! it is most surely the truth, and you will not escape.

99-/4905 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ حُمْرَانَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: إِذٰا جٰاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ فَلاٰ يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سٰاعَةً وَ لاٰ يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ، قَالَ: «هُوَ الَّذِي سُمِّيَ لِمَلَكِ الْمَوْتِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ».

و قد تقدمت روايات في ذلك، في قوله تعالى: ثُمَّ قَضىٰ أَجَلاً وَ أَجَلٌ مُسَمًّى عِنْدَهُ من أول سورة الأنعام [1].

99-/4905: Al-‘Ayyāshī: From Humrān, he said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about Allah’s saying: “When their term comes, they shall not then remain behind for an hour, nor shall they go before.” He said: “It is that which is assigned to the Angel of Death (peace be upon him) on the Night of Decree.” And narrations have already preceded on that, regarding His saying: “Then He decreed a term, and there is a named term with Him” from the beginning of Sūrat al-An‘ām [1].

99-/4906 _2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: قُلْ أَ رَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَتٰاكُمْ عَذٰابُهُ بَيٰاتاً: «يَعْنِي لَيْلاً أَوْ نَهَاراً مٰا ذٰا يَسْتَعْجِلُ مِنْهُ الْمُجْرِمُونَ فَهَذَا عَذَابٌ يَنْزِلُ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ عَلَى فَسَقَةِ أَهْلِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَ هُمْ يَجْحَدُونَ نُزُولَ الْعَذَابِ عَلَيْهِمْ».

99-/4906: ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm: And in the narration of Abū al-Jārūd, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, the Exalted: “Say: Tell me if His punishment overtakes you by night,” he said: “Meaning by night or by day, ‘What would the guilty then hasten on?’ This is a punishment that will descend at the end of time upon the profligates among the people of the qibla, and they will deny that the punishment has descended upon them.”

/4907 _3- وَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: أَ ثُمَّ إِذٰا مٰا وَقَعَ آمَنْتُمْ بِهِ أَيْ صَدَّقْتُمْ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ، فَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ: آلْآنَ تُؤْمِنُونَ يَعْنِي بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ قَدْ كُنْتُمْ بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ، ثُمَّ قِيلَ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ حَقَّهُمْ ذُوقُوا عَذٰابَ الْخُلْدِ هَلْ تُجْزَوْنَ إِلَّا بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْسِبُونَ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَ يَسْتَنْبِئُونَكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ، أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ فِي عَلِيٍّ أَ حَقٌّ هُوَ أَيْ إِمَامٌ هُوَ قُلْ إِي وَ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ لَحَقٌّ إِمَامٌ.

99-/4907: And ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said, regarding His saying, the Exalted: “What! when it shall come to pass, you will believe in it” — that is, you affirmed in the Return; then it will be said to them: “What! now you believe?” — meaning in the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) — “and indeed you did hasten on concerning him before.” Then it will be said to those who wronged the People of Muḥammad of their right: “Taste the abiding punishment. Are you recompensed except for what you used to earn?” Then he said: “And they ask you, O Muḥammad — the people of Mecca — about ‘Alī: ‘Is he true?’ that is, is he an Imam? Say: ‘Aye, by my Lord, he is most surely true — an Imam.’”

99-/4908 _4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ يَسْتَنْبِئُونَكَ أَ حَقٌّ هُوَ، قَالَ: «مَا تَقُولُ فِي عَلِيٍّ؟ قُلْ إِي وَ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ لَحَقٌّ وَ مٰا أَنْتُمْ بِمُعْجِزِينَ».

99-/4908: Muḥammad ibn Ya‘qūb: From ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm, from his father, from al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad al-Jawharī, from some of our companions, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, the Exalted: “And they ask you: Is that true?” He said: “What do you say concerning ‘Alī? Say: ‘Aye, by my Lord, it is most surely true; and you will not escape.’”

99-/4909 _5- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنْ أَبِيهِ، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ يَسْتَنْبِئُونَكَ أَ حَقٌّ هُوَ، قَالَ: «يَسْتَنْبِئُكَ -يَا مُحَمَّدُ- أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، إِمَامٌ هُوَ؟ قُلْ إِي وَ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ لَحَقٌّ».

99-/4909: Al-‘Ayyāshī: From Yaḥyā ibn Sa‘īd, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), from his father, regarding Allah’s saying: “And they ask you: Is that true?” He said: “The people of Mecca ask you — O Muḥammad — about ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him): Is he an Imam? Say: ‘Aye, by my Lord, he is most surely the truth.’”

_1) - تفسير العيّاشي 2:24/123. Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:24/123.

_2) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:312. Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:312.

_3) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:312. Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:312.

_4) - الكافي 1:87/356. Al-Kāfī 1:87/356.

_5) - تفسير العيّاشي 2:25/123. Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:25/123.

[1] تقدّمت في تفسير الآية(2) من سورة الأنعام. Taqaddamat fī tafsīr al-āyah (2) min Sūrat al-An‘ām.

99-/4910 _6- ابْنُ شَهْرَ آشُوبٍ: عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ يَسْتَنْبِئُونَكَ أَ حَقٌّ هُوَ، قَالَ: «يَسْأَلُونَكَ -يَا مُحَمَّدُ- عَلِيٌّ وَصِيُّكَ؟ قُلْ: إِي وَ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ لَوَصِيِّي».

99-/4910: Ibn Shahr Āshūb: From al-Bāqir (peace be upon him), regarding His saying: “And they ask you: Is that true?” He said: “They ask you — O Muḥammad — ‘Is ‘Alī your legatee?’ Say: ‘Aye, by my Lord, he is indeed my legatee.’”

/4911 _7- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَ لَوْ أَنَّ لِكُلِّ نَفْسٍ ظَلَمَتْ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ حَقَّهُمْ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا لَافْتَدَتْ بِهِ فِي ذٰلِكَ الْوَقْتِ، يَعْنِي الرَّجْعَةَ.

99-/4911: ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm: His saying, the Exalted: “And were it that every soul which wronged the Family of Muḥammad of their right possessed all that is in the earth, it would surely ransom itself with it at that time,” meaning the Return.

99-/4912 _8- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ أَسَرُّوا النَّدٰامَةَ لَمّٰا رَأَوُا الْعَذٰابَ وَ قُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقِسْطِ وَ هُمْ لاٰ يُظْلَمُونَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ [1]، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْخَشَّابِ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: وَ أَسَرُّوا النَّدٰامَةَ لَمّٰا رَأَوُا الْعَذٰابَ، قَالَ: قِيلَ لَهُ: مَا يَنْفَعُهُمْ إِسْرَارُ النَّدَامَةِ وَ هُمْ فِي الْعَذَابِ؟ قَالَ: «كَرِهُوا شَمَاتَةَ الْأَعْدَاءِ».

الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ أَسَرُّوا النَّدٰامَةَ لَمّٰا رَأَوُا الْعَذٰابَ وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ [2].

99-/4912: ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm: Regarding His saying, the Exalted: “And they concealed remorse when they saw the punishment, and judgment was passed between them with justice, and they shall not be wronged,” he said: Muḥammad ibn Ja‘far narrated to me; he said: Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad narrated to me, from Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥusayn, from Ṣāliḥ ibn Abī Ḥammād [1], from al-Ḥasan ibn Mūsā al-Khashshāb, from a man, from Ḥammād ibn ‘Īsā, from one who narrated it, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him). He said: He was asked about Allah’s saying, Blessed and Exalted: “And they concealed remorse when they saw the punishment.” It was said to him: What benefit is there in concealing remorse while they are in the punishment? He said: “They disliked the gloating of the enemies.” Al-‘Ayyāshī: From Ḥammād ibn ‘Īsā, from one who narrated it, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him): He was asked about Allah’s saying: “And they concealed remorse when they saw the punishment,” and he mentioned the report [2].

قوله تعالى:

أَلاٰ إِنَّ لِلّٰهِ مٰا فِي السَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ أَلاٰ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللّٰهِ حَقٌّ وَ لٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لاٰ يَعْلَمُونَ* هُوَ يُحيِي وَ يُمِيتُ وَ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ -إلى قوله تعالى- فَبِذٰلِكَ فَلْيَفْرَحُوا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِمّٰا يَجْمَعُونَ [55-58]

10:55–58 (M. H. Shakir): Now surely Allah’s is what is in the heavens and the earth; now surely Allah’s promise is true, but most of them do not know. He gives life and causes death, and to Him you shall be brought back. O people! there has come indeed to you an admonition from your Lord and a healing for what is in the breasts and a guidance and a mercy for the believers. Say: In the grace of Allah and in His mercy—in that they should rejoice; it is better than that which they gather.

99-/4913 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: أَلاٰ إِنَّ لِلّٰهِ مَا فِي السَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ أَلاٰ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللّٰهِ حَقٌّ وَ لٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لاٰ يَعْلَمُونَ* هُوَ يُحْيِي وَ يُمِيتُ وَ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ أَنَّهُ مُحْكَمٌ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جَاءَتْكُمْ مَوْعِظَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ شِفَاءٌ لِمَا فِي الصُّدُورِ وَ هُدًى وَ رَحْمَةٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ، قَالَ: رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) وَ الْقُرْآنُ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: قُلْ لَهُمْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ بِفَضْلِ اللَّهِ وَ بِرَحْمَتِهِ [قَالَ: الْفَضْلُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)، وَ رَحْمَتُهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)] فَبِذٰلِكَ فَلْيَفْرَحُوا، قَالَ: فَلْيَفْرَحْ شِيعَتُنَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا أُعْطُوا أَعْدَاءَنَا مِنَ الذَّهَبِ.

99-/4913: ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm: Regarding His saying, the Exalted: “Now surely Allah’s is what is in the heavens and the earth; now surely Allah’s promise is true, but most of them do not know. He gives life and causes death, and to Him you shall be brought back” — it is decisive (muḥkam). He said: Then He said: “O people! There has come indeed to you an admonition from your Lord, and a healing for what is in the breasts, and a guidance and a mercy for the believers.” He said: It is the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Household) and the Qur’an. Then He said: “Say to them, O Muḥammad: In the grace of Allah and in His mercy” — he said: the grace is the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Household), and His mercy is the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) — “in that let them rejoice.” He said: Let our Shī‘a rejoice; it is better than what our enemies have been given of gold.

_6) - المناقب 3:61، شواهد التزيل 1:363/267 و 364. Al-Manāqib 3:61; Shawāhid al-Tanzīl 1:363/267 and 364.

_7) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:313. Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:313.

_8) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:313. Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:313.

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:313. Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:313.

[1] في المصدر: صالح بن أبي عمّار، و هو خطأ حسبما أشار له في معجم رجال الحديث 9:54. Fī al-maṣdar: Ṣāliḥ ibn Abī ‘Ammār, wa huwa khaṭa’, ḥasbamā ashāra lahu fī Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 9:54.

[2] تفسير العيّاشي 2:26/123. Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:26/123.