S 2 A 110

بِأَنْ أَكْرَمَكُمْ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ آلِهِمَا الطَّيِّبِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مٰا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الْحَقُّ الْمُعْجِزَاتُ الدَّالاَّتُ عَلَى صِدْقِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ فَضْلِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ آلِهِمَا.

So that He honored you with Muhammad and ‘Ali and their pure progeny, after the truth had become clear to them by the miracles which indicate the truthfulness of Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family), and the excellence of ‘Ali (peace be upon him) and their family.

فَاعْفُوا وَ اصْفَحُوا عَنْ جَهْلِهِمْ وَ قَابِلُوهُمْ بِحُجَجِ اللَّهِ،وَ ادْفَعُوا بِهَا بَاطِلَهُمْ حَتّٰى يَأْتِيَ اللّٰهُ بِأَمْرِهِ فِيهِمْ بِالْقَتْلِ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ،فَحِينَئِذٍ تُحَوِّلُونَهُمْ عَنْ بَلَدِ مَكَّةَ وَ عَنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ،وَ لاَ تُقِرُّونَ بِهَا كَافِراً.

So pardon and overlook their ignorance, and meet them with God’s proofs; and with these proofs repel their falsehood until God brings His command concerning them—by killing—on the Day of the Conquest of Mecca. Then you will remove them from the city of Mecca and from the Arabian Peninsula, and you will not tolerate a disbeliever therein.

إِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَلىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ وَ لِقُدْرَتِهِ عَلَى الْأَشْيَاءِ،قَدَّرَ مَا هُوَ أَصْلَحُ لَكُمْ فِي تَعَبُّدِهِ إِيَّاكُمْ مِنْ مُدَارَاتِهِمْ وَ مُقَابَلَتِهِمْ بِالْجِدَالِ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ».

Surely God has power over all things; and by His power over all things He has ordained what is most beneficial for you in His commanding you to worship Him: [namely] showing forbearance toward them and meeting them with debate in the best manner.

قوله تعالى:

وَ أَقِيمُوا الصَّلاٰةَ وَ آتُوا الزَّكٰاةَ وَ مٰا تُقَدِّمُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ تَجِدُوهُ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ إِنَّ اللّٰهَ بِمٰا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ[110]

Quran 2:110 — M. H. Shakir:

And keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate; and whatever of good you send on beforehand for yourselves, you will find it with Allah; surely Allah sees what you do.

99-/581 _1- قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): « أَقِيمُوا الصَّلاٰةَ بِإِتْمَامِ وُضُوئِهَا وَ تَكْبِيرَاتِهَا وَ قِيَامِهَا وَ قِرَاءَتِهَا وَ رُكُوعِهَا وَ سُجُودِهَا وَ حُدُودِهَا وَ آتُوا الزَّكٰاةَ مُسْتَحِقِّيهَا،لاَ تُؤْتُوهَا كَافِراً وَ لاَ مُنَافِقاً،قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اَلْمُتَصَدِّقُ عَلَى أَعْدَائِنَا كَالسَّارِقِ فِي حَرَمِ اللَّهِ.

وَ مٰا تُقَدِّمُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ مِنْ مَالٍ تُنْفِقُونَهُ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ،فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَكُمْ مَالٌ،فَمِنْ جَاهِكُمْ تَبْذُلُونَهُ لِإِخْوَانِكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،تَجُرُّونَ بِهِ إِلَيْهِمُ الْمَنَافِعَ،وَ تَدْفَعُونَ بِهِ عَنْهُمُ الْمَضَارَّ تَجِدُوهُ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ يَنْفَعُكُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِجَاهِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ آلِهِمَا الطَّيِّبِينَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ،فَيَحُطُّ بِهِ عَنْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ،وَ يُضَاعِفُ بِهِ حَسَنَاتِكُمْ،وَ يَرْفَعُ بِهِ دَرَجَاتِكُمْ.

إِنَّ اللّٰهَ بِمٰا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ عَالِمٌ لَيْسَ يَخْفَى عَلَيْهِ ظَاهِرُ بَطْنٍ،وَ لاَ بَاطِنُ ظَهْرٍ،فَهُوَ يُجَازِيكُمْ عَلَى حَسَبِ اعْتِقَادَاتِكُمْ وَ نِيَّاتِكُمْ،وَ لَيْسَ هُوَ كَمُلُوكِ الدُّنْيَا الَّذِينَ يُلَبِّسُ عَلَى بَعْضِهِمْ،فَيَنْسِبُ فِعْلَ بَعْضٍ إِلَى غَيْرِ فَاعِلِهِ،وَ جِنَايَةَ بَعْضٍ إِلَى غَيْرِ جَانِيهِ،فَيَقَعُ ثَوَابُهُ وَ عِقَابُهُ-بِجَهْلِهِ بِمَا لَبِسَ عَلَيْهِ-بِغَيْرِ مُسْتَحِقِّهِ.

وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):مِفْتَاحُ الصَّلاَةِ الطَّهُورُ،وَ تَحْرِيمُهَا التَّكْبِيرُ،وَ تَحْلِيلُهَا التَّسْلِيمُ،وَ لاَ يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ الصَّلاَةَ بِغَيْرِ طَهُورٍ،وَ لاَ صَدَقَةً مِنْ غُلُولٍ،وَ إِنَّ أَعْظَمَ طَهُورِ الصَّلاَةِ الَّذِي لاَ تُقْبَلُ الصَّلاَةُ إِلاَّ بِهِ،وَ لاَ شَيْءَ مِنَ الطَّاعَاتِ مَعَ فَقْدِهِ،مُوَالاَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ،وَ أَنَّهُ سَيِّدُ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ مُوَالاَةُ عَلِيٍّ،وَ أَنَّهُ سَيِّدُ الْوَصِيِّينَ،وَ مُوَالاَةُ أَوْلِيَائِهِمَا، وَ مُعَادَاةُ أَعْدَائِهِمَا».

99-/581 _1- Imam al-‘Askari (peace be upon him) said: “Establish the prayer by perfecting its ablution, its opening takbirs, its standing, its recitation, its bowing, its prostration, and its prescribed bounds; and give the zakat to its rightful recipients—do not give it to a disbeliever or a hypocrite. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: The one who gives charity to our enemies is like a thief in the sanctuary of Allah.

And whatever good you send ahead for yourselves—of wealth that you spend in the obedience of Allah—then if you have no wealth, [send it] from your standing and influence, which you extend for your believing brothers, by which you draw benefits to them and repel harms from them—you will find it with Allah. Allah, the Exalted, will benefit you, by the rank of Muhammad and ‘Ali and their pure progeny, on the Day of Resurrection: He will thereby remove your evil deeds, multiply your good deeds, and raise your degrees.

Surely Allah sees what you do—He is Knowing; neither an outward [matter] of an inward is hidden from Him, nor an inward [matter] of an outward. He recompenses you according to your beliefs and your intentions. He is not like the kings of this world, upon whom confusion is cast, so that they attribute the act of some to other than its doer, and the crime of some to other than its perpetrator, and thus—through their ignorance of what has been confounded for them—reward and punishment fall upon those not deserving them.

And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: The key to prayer is purification; its consecration is the opening takbir; and its conclusion is the taslim. Allah does not accept prayer without purification, nor charity from ghulul (embezzlement). And the greatest purification of the prayer—without which the prayer is not accepted, and none of the acts of obedience avail in its absence—is loyalty to Muhammad, acknowledging that he is the master of the messengers; and loyalty to ‘Ali, acknowledging that he is the master of the legatees; and loyalty to their friends, and enmity toward their enemies.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ قٰالُوا لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلاّٰ مَنْ كٰانَ هُوداً أَوْ نَصٰارىٰ تِلْكَ أَمٰانِيُّهُمْ قُلْ هٰاتُوا بُرْهٰانَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صٰادِقِينَ[111] بَلىٰ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ وَجْهَهُ لِلّٰهِ وَ هُوَ مُحْسِنٌ فَلَهُ أَجْرُهُ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِ وَ لاٰ خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لاٰ هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ[112]

Quran 2:111 — M. H. Shakir:

And they say: None shall enter the garden except he who is a Jew or a Christian. These are their vain desires. Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful.

Quran 2:112 — M. H. Shakir:

Yes! whoever submits himself entirely to Allah and he is the doer of good (to others) he has his reward from his Lord, and there is no fear for such nor shall they grieve.

99-/582 _1- قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ قٰالُوا يَعْنِي الْيَهُودَ وَ النَّصَارَى، قَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ: لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلاّٰ مَنْ كٰانَ هُوداً ،وَ قَوْلُهُ: أَوْ نَصٰارىٰ يَعْنِي وَ قَالَتِ النَّصَارَى:لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلاَّ مَنْ كَانَ نَصْرَانِيّاً.

قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):وَ قَدْ قَالَ غَيْرُهُمْ،قَالَتِ الدَّهْرِيَّةُ:اَلْأَشْيَاءُ لاَ بَدْءَ لَهَا،وَ هِيَ دَائِمَةٌ،وَ مَنْ خَالَفَنَا فِي هَذَا فَهُوَ ضَالٌّ مُخْطِئٌ مُضِلٌّ.وَ قَالَتِ الثَّنَوِيَّةُ:اَلنُّورُ وَ الظُّلْمَةُ هُمَا الْمُدَبِّرَانِ،وَ مَنْ خَالَفَنَا فِي هَذَا فَقَدْ ضَلَّ.وَ قَالَ مُشْرِكُو الْعَرَبِ:إِنَّ أَوْثَانَنَا آلِهَةٌ،مَنْ خَالَفَنَا فِي هَذَا ضَلَّ.فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: تِلْكَ أَمٰانِيُّهُمْ الَّتِي يَتَمَنَّوْنَهَا قُلْ لَهُمْ: هٰاتُوا بُرْهٰانَكُمْ عَلَى مَقَالَتِكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صٰادِقِينَ.

وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ قَدْ ذُكِرَ عِنْدَهُ الْجِدَالُ فِي الدِّينِ،وَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ الْأَئِمَّةَ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ)قَدْ نَهَوْا عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):لَمْ يُنْهَ عَنْهُ مُطْلَقاً،لَكِنَّهُ نُهِيَ عَنِ الْجِدَالِ بِغَيْرِ الَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ،أَ مَا تَسْمَعُونَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: وَ لاٰ تُجٰادِلُوا أَهْلَ الْكِتٰابِ إِلاّٰ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ وَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: اُدْعُ إِلىٰ سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَ الْمَوْعِظَةِ الْحَسَنَةِ وَ جٰادِلْهُمْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ».

99-/582 _1- Imam al-‘Askari (peace be upon him) said: “The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said regarding ‘And they say’—that is, the Jews and the Christians. The Jews said: ‘None shall enter the Garden except one who is a Jew’; and His saying ‘or Christians’ means: the Christians said, ‘None shall enter the Garden except one who is a Christian.’

The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said: Others have said likewise. The Dahriyyah said: ‘Things have no beginning; they are everlasting; and whoever opposes us in this is astray, mistaken, and misguiding.’ And the Dualists said: ‘Light and darkness are the two managers [of the world]; and whoever opposes us in this is indeed astray.’ And the Arab polytheists said: ‘Our idols are gods; whoever opposes us in this is astray.’ So Allah, Exalted is He, said: ‘These are their vain desires which they wish; say to them: Bring your proof for your claim if you are truthful.’

And al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said—when disputation in religion was mentioned before him, and that the Messenger of Allah and the Imams (blessings of Allah be upon them) had forbidden it—al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: It was not forbidden absolutely; rather, disputation has been forbidden when it is not ‘in the best manner.’ Do you not hear that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: ‘And do not dispute with the People of the Book except in the best manner,’ and His saying, Exalted is He: ‘Call to the way of your Lord with wisdom and goodly exhortation, and dispute with them in the best manner’.”

Footnotes:

_1) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):318/520.

[1] في المصدر:بالمعجزات.

[2] في المصدر زيادة:الطّيبين من بعده.

[3] في المصدر:فحينئذ تجلونهم من بلد مكّة و من.

[4] في المصدر:و لا مناصبا.

[5] في المصدر:يخفى عليه شيء،ظاهر فعل،و لا باطن ضمير.

[6] في المصدر:يلتبس.

[7] في المصدر:بعضهم.

_1) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):321/526 و 322 و:324/543.

[1] في المصدر:بعضهم.

[2] الغلول:الخيانة،و كلّ من خان في شيء خفية فقد غلّ.«النهاية-غلل-3:380».

[3] العنكبوت 29:46

— al-‘Ankabūt 29:46.

[4] النّحل 16:125

— al-Naḥl 16:125.