S 2 A 241

وَ رَوَاهُ الْحَلَبِيُّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«فَاتَ النَّاسَ الصَّلاَةُ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَوْمَ صِفِّينَ»إِلَى آخِرِهِ.

It is narrated by al-Halabī, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “The people missed the prayer with ‘Alī (peace be upon him) on the day of Ṣiffīn,” to the end of it.

99-/1325 _1- عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ فَرِجٰالاً أَوْ رُكْبٰاناً كَيْفَ يَفْعَلُ،وَ مَا يَقُولُ،وَ مَنْ يَخَافُ سَبُعاً أَوْ لِصّاً،كَيْفَ يُصَلِّي؟قَالَ:«يُكَبِّرُ وَ يُومِئُ إِيمَاءً بِرَأْسِهِ».

99-/1325 _1- From ‘Abd al-Raḥmān b. Abī ‘Abd Allāh, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him about the saying of Allah: “Then if you fear (an enemy), (pray) on foot or on horseback” — how should he do it, and what should he say? And the one who fears a wild beast or a thief, how does he pray? He said: “He pronounces the takbīr and gestures with his head.”

Quran reference: al-Baqara 2:239 — Shakir: “And if you are in danger, then (say your prayers) on foot or on horseback; and when you are secure, then remember Allah, as He has taught you what you did not know.”

99-/1326 _2- عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي صَلاَةِ الزَّحْفِ،قَالَ:«يُكَبِّرُ وَ يُهَلِّلُ؛يَقُولُ:اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ.

يَقُولُ اللَّهُ: فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ فَرِجٰالاً أَوْ رُكْبٰاناً ».

99-/1326 _2- From ‘Abd al-Raḥmān, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding the prayer in the thick of combat. He said: “He says the takbīr and declares the tahlīl; he says: Allāhu akbar. Allah says: ‘Then if you fear (an enemy), (pray) on foot or on horseback.’”

Quran reference: al-Baqara 2:239 — Shakir: “And if you are in danger, then (say your prayers) on foot or on horseback; and when you are secure, then remember Allah, as He has taught you what you did not know.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ الَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَ يَذَرُونَ أَزْوٰاجاً وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوٰاجِهِمْ مَتٰاعاً إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرٰاجٍ

Quran reference: al-Baqara 2:240 — Shakir: “And those of you who die and leave wives behind, they should make a bequest in favor of their wives of maintenance for a year without turning them out, then if they themselves go away, there is no blame on you for what they do of lawful deeds by themselves, and Allah is Mighty, Wise.”

99-/1327 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ الَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَ يَذَرُونَ أَزْوٰاجاً وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوٰاجِهِمْ مَتٰاعاً إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرٰاجٍ .قَالَ:«مَنْسُوخَةٌ،نَسَخَتْهَا آيَةُ: يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً ،وَ نَسَخَتْهَا آيَةُ الْمِيرَاثِ».

99-/1327 _3- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Ibn Abī ‘Umayr, from Mu‘āwiyah b. ‘Ammār. He said: I asked him about the saying of Allah: “And those of you who die and leave wives behind—bequest for their wives of maintenance for a year without turning them out.” He said: “It is abrogated. It was abrogated by the verse: ‘They shall wait concerning themselves for four months and ten days,’ and it was abrogated by the verse of inheritance.”

Quran reference for the abrogating verse: al-Baqara 2:234 — Shakir: “And (as for) those of you who die and leave wives behind, they should keep themselves in waiting for four months and ten days; then when they have fully attained their term, there is no blame on you for what they do for themselves in a lawful manner; and Allah is aware of what you do.”

99-/1328 _4- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ الَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَ يَذَرُونَ أَزْوٰاجاً وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوٰاجِهِمْ مَتٰاعاً إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرٰاجٍ .قَالَ:«هِيَ مَنْسُوخَةٌ».

قُلْتُ:وَ كَيْفَ كَانَتْ؟قَالَ:«كَانَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا مَاتَ أُنْفِقَ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ صُلْبِ الْمَالِ حَوْلاً،ثُمَّ أُخْرِجَتْ بِلاَ مِيرَاثٍ،ثُمَّ نَسَخَتْهَا آيَةُ الرُّبُعِ وَ الثُّمُنِ،فَالْمَرْأَةُ يُنْفَقُ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ نَصِيبِهَا».

99-/1328 _4- From Abū Baṣīr, who said: I asked him about the saying of Allah: “And those of you who die and leave wives behind—bequest for their wives of maintenance for a year without turning them out.” He said: “It is abrogated.” I said: How was it (originally)? He said: “When a man died, his wife was provided for from the principal of the estate for a year; then she was sent away without inheritance. Then it was abrogated by the verse of the one-fourth and the one-eighth, so now the woman is maintained from her own share.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ لِلْمُطَلَّقٰاتِ مَتٰاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ

Quran reference: al-Baqara 2:241 — Shakir: “And for the divorced women (too) provision (must be made) according to usage; this is a duty on those who guard (against evil).”

99-/1329 _5- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي الرَّجُلِ يُطَلِّقُ امْرَأَتَهُ،أَ يُمَتِّعُهَا؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ،أَ مَا يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ،أَ مَا يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُتَّقِينَ».

99-/1329 _5- Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb: from ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, from his father, from Ibn Abī ‘Umayr, from Ḥafṣ b. al-Bukhtarī, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding a man who divorces his wife: should he grant her a parting gift (mut‘ah)? He said: “Yes. Does he not love to be among the doers of good? Does he not love to be among the Godwary?”

/1330 _2- عنه:عن عليّ بن إبراهيم،عن أبيه؛و عدة من أصحابنا،عن سهل بن زياد،عن البزنطي،قال:ذكر بعض أصحابنا:أن متعة المطلقة فريضة.

99-/1330 _2- From him: from ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, from his father; and from a number of our companions, from Sahl b. Ziyād, from al-Bazantī, who said: Some of our companions mentioned that the parting gift for a divorced woman is obligatory.

99-/1331 _3- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ الْبَزَنْطِيُّ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ،عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ لِلْمُطَلَّقٰاتِ مَتٰاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ .قَالَ:«مَتَاعُهَا بَعْدَ مَا تَنْقَضِي عِدَّتُهَا،عَلَى الْمُوسِعِ قَدَرُهُ،وَ عَلَى الْمُقْتِرِ قَدَرُهُ،وَ كَيْفَ يُمَتِّعُهَا وَ هِيَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا،تَرْجُوهُ وَ يَرْجُوهَا،وَ يُحْدِثُ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُمَا مَا يَشَاءُ؟!».

قَالَ:«إِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مُوَسَّعاً عَلَيْهِ،مَتَّعَ امْرَأَتَهُ بِالْعَبْدِ وَ الْأَمَةِ،وَ الْمُقْتِرُ يُمَتِّعُ بِالْحِنْطَةِ وَ الزَّبِيبِ وَ الثَّوْبِ وَ الدِّرْهَمِ،وَ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)مَتَّعَ امْرَأَةً بِأَمَةٍ،وَ لَمْ يُطَلِّقْ امْرَأَةً إِلاَّ مَتَّعَهَا».

99-/1331 _3- Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Abī Naṣr al-Bazantī, from ‘Abd al-Karīm, from al-Ḥalabī, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “And for the divorced women, provision in accordance with what is right is a duty upon the Godwary.” He said: “Her parting gift is after her waiting period has ended: upon the affluent according to his capacity, and upon the one in straitened means according to his capacity. How can he grant her a parting gift while she is in her waiting period, when she hopes for him and he hopes for her, and Allah may bring about between them what He wills?!”

He said: “If the man has ample means, he grants his wife a male or female slave; and the one with limited means grants wheat, raisins, a garment, or a dirham. Al-Ḥasan b. ‘Alī (peace be upon them) granted a woman a maidservant as her parting gift, and he never divorced a woman without granting her such a gift.”

99-/1332 _4- عَنْهُ:عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ سَمَاعَةَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،وَ عَلِيِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ،جَمِيعاً،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:

وَ لِلْمُطَلَّقٰاتِ مَتٰاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ .

قَالَ:«مَتَاعُهَا بَعْدَ مَا تَنْقَضِي عِدَّتُهَا،عَلَى الْمُوسِعِ قَدَرُهُ،وَ عَلَى الْمُقْتِرِ قَدَرُهُ-وَ قَالَ-:كَيْفَ يُمَتِّعُهَا فِي عِدَّتِهَا، وَ هِيَ تَرْجُوهُ وَ يَرْجُوهَا،وَ يُحْدِثُ اللَّهُ مَا يَشَاءُ؟أَمَا إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ الْمُوسِعَ يُمَتِّعُ الْمَرْأَةَ بِالْعَبْدِ وَ الْأَمَةِ،وَ يُمَتِّعُ الْفَقِيرُ بِالْحِنْطَةِ وَ الزَّبِيبِ وَ الثَّوْبِ وَ الدَّرَاهِمِ،وَ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)مَتَّعَ امْرَأَةً طَلَّقَهَا بِأَمَةٍ،وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُطَلِّقُ امْرَأَةً إِلاَّ مَتَّعَهَا».

وَ عَنْهُ،عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ سَمَاعَةَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،مِثْلَهُ،إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ:«وَ كَانَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)يُمَتِّعُ نِسَاءَهُ بِالْأَمَةِ».

99-/1332 _4- From him: from Ḥumayd b. Ziyād, from Ibn Samā‘ah, from Muḥammad b. Ziyād, from ‘Abd Allāh b. Sinān; and from ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, from his father, from ‘Uthmān b. ‘Īsā, from Samā‘ah — all from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “And for the divorced women, provision in accordance with what is right is a duty upon the Godwary.” He said: “Her parting gift is after her waiting period has ended: upon the affluent according to his capacity, and upon the one in straitened means according to his capacity.” And he said: “How can he grant it to her during her waiting period, when she hopes for him and he hopes for her, and Allah brings about what He wills? Indeed, the affluent man grants the woman a male or female slave, and the poor man grants wheat, raisins, a garment, and dirhams. And al-Ḥasan b. ‘Alī (peace be upon them) granted a woman whom he divorced a maidservant, and he would not divorce a woman without granting her such a gift.”

And from him: from Ḥumayd b. Ziyād, from Ibn Samā‘ah, from Muḥammad b. Ziyād, from Mu‘āwiyah b. ‘Ammār, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), the like of it, except that he said: “Al-Ḥasan b. ‘Alī (peace be upon them) used to grant his wives a maidservant as a parting gift.”

99-/1333 _5- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ لِلْمُطَلَّقٰاتِ مَتٰاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ مَا أَدْنَى ذَلِكَ الْمَتَاعِ،إِذَا كَانَ مُعْسِراً لاَ يَجِدُ؟ قَالَ:خِمَارٌ،أَوْ شِبْهُهُ».

99-/1333 _5- And from him: from a number of our companions, from Sahl b. Ziyād, from Ibn Abī Naṣr, from ‘Abd al-Karīm, from Abū Baṣīr, who said: I said to Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him): Inform me about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “And for the divorced women, provision in accordance with what is right is a duty upon the Godwary.” What is the least of that provision when he is in hardship and does not find (means)? He said: “A headscarf (khimār), or the like.”

99-/1334 _6- الشَّيْخُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ لِلْمُطَلَّقٰاتِ مَتٰاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ مَا أَدْنَى ذَلِكَ الْمَتَاعِ،إِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مُعْسِراً لاَ يَجِدُ؟ قَالَ:«الْخِمَارُ وَ شِبْهُهُ».

99-/1334 _6- Al-Shaykh: with his chain from Ṣafwān b. Yaḥyā, from ‘Abd Allāh, from Abū Baṣīr, who said: I said to Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him): “And for the divorced women, provision in accordance with what is right is a duty upon the Godwary.” What is the least of that provision when the man is in hardship and does not find (means)? He said: “A headscarf, and the like.”

99-/1335 _7- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ لِلْمُطَلَّقٰاتِ مَتٰاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ :مَا أَدْنَى ذَلِكَ الْمَتَاعِ،إِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مُعْسِراً لاَ يَجِدُ؟ قَالَ:«الْخِمَارُ وَ شِبْهُهُ».

99-/1335 _7- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Abū Baṣīr, who said: I said to Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah: “And for the divorced women, provision in accordance with what is right is a duty upon the Godwary”: What is the least of that provision when the man is in hardship and does not find (means)? He said: “A headscarf, and the like.”

99-/1336 _8- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ لِلْمُطَلَّقٰاتِ مَتٰاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ .قَالَ:«مَتَاعُهَا بَعْدَ مَا تَنْقَضِي عِدَّتُهَا،عَلَى الْمُوسِعِ قَدَرُهُ،وَ عَلَى الْمُقْتِرِ قَدَرُهُ،أَمَّا فِي عِدَّتِهَا، فَكَيْفَ يُمَتِّعُهَا وَ هِيَ تَرْجُوهُ وَ يَرْجُوهَا،وَ يُجْرِي اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُمَا مَا يَشَاءُ؟!أَمَا وَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ الْمُوسِرَ يُمَتِّعُ الْمَرْأَةَ الْعَبْدَ وَ الْأَمَةَ، وَ يُمَتِّعُ الْفَقِيرُ الْحِنْطَةَ وَ الزَّبِيبَ وَ الثَّوْبَ وَ الدَّرَاهِمَ،وَ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)مَتَّعَ امْرَأَةً كَانَتْ لَهُ بِأَمَةٍ،وَ لَمْ يُطَلِّقْ امْرَأَةً إِلاَّ مَتَّعَهَا».

99-/1336 _8- And from him: from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah: “And for the divorced women, provision in accordance with what is right is a duty upon the Godwary.” He said: “Her parting gift is after her waiting period has ended: upon the affluent according to his capacity, and upon the one in straitened means according to his capacity. As for during her waiting period, how can he grant it to her when she hopes for him and he hopes for her, and Allah brings about between them what He wills?! Indeed, the affluent man grants the woman a male and a female slave, and the poor man grants wheat, raisins, a garment, and dirhams. And al-Ḥasan b. ‘Alī (peace be upon them) granted a woman he had as a wife a maidservant as a parting gift, and he did not divorce a woman without granting her such a gift.”

/1337 _9-و عنه،قال:و قال الحلبيّ:متاعها بعد ما تنقضي عدتها،على الموسع قدره،و على المقتر قدره.

99-/1337 _9- And from him, he said: And al-Ḥalabī said: “Her parting gift is after her waiting period is over: upon the affluent according to his capacity, and upon the one in straitened means according to his capacity.”

99-/1338 _10- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،[قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا]عَنِ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ مَا لَهَا مِنَ الْمُتْعَةِ؟قَالَ:«عَلَى قَدْرِ مَالِ زَوْجِهَا».

99-/1338 _10- And from him: from Abū ‘Abd Allāh and Abū al-Ḥasan Mūsā (peace be upon them). [He said: I asked one of them] about the divorced woman — what is due to her of the parting gift? He said: “According to the wealth of her husband.”

99-/1339 _11- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا.

قَالَ:فَقَالَ:«إِنْ كَانَ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً،فَلَهَا نِصْفُ الْمَهْرِ،وَ لاَ عِدَّةَ عَلَيْهَا،وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ سَمَّى لَهَا مَهْراً،فَلاَ مَهْرَ لَهَا وَ لَكِنْ يُمَتِّعُهَا؛فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: وَ لِلْمُطَلَّقٰاتِ مَتٰاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ ».

99-/1339 _11- And from him: from al-Ḥasan b. Ziyād, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), about a man who divorced his wife before consummation. He said: “If he had specified a dowry for her, then she is entitled to half the dowry, and there is no waiting period upon her. And if he had not specified a dowry for her, then there is no dowry for her, but he must grant her a parting gift; for Allah says in His Book: ‘And for the divorced women, provision in accordance with what is right is a duty upon the Godwary.’”

Quran reference: al-Baqara 2:241 — Shakir: “And for the divorced women (too) provision (must be made) according to usage; this is a duty on those who guard (against evil).”

/1340 _12-و عنه:قال أحمد بن محمّد،عن بعض أصحابنا:إن متعة المطلقة فريضة.

99-/1340 _12- And from him: Aḥmad b. Muḥammad said, from some of our companions: “Indeed the parting gift for the divorced woman is obligatory.”

قوله تعالى:

أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيٰارِهِمْ وَ هُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ فَقٰالَ لَهُمُ اللّٰهُ مُوتُوا ثُمَّ أَحْيٰاهُمْ إِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى النّٰاسِ وَ لٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النّٰاسِ لاٰ يَشْكُرُونَ

Quran reference: al-Baqara 2:243 — Shakir: “Have you not considered those who went forth from their homes, and they were thousands, fearing death, so Allah said to them, Die; again He gave them life; most surely Allah is Gracious to people, but most people are not grateful.”

/1341 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ،وَ غَيْرِهِ،عَنْ بَعْضِهِمْ،[عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)]،وَ بَعْضِهِمْ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:

أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيٰارِهِمْ وَ هُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ فَقٰالَ لَهُمُ اللّٰهُ مُوتُوا ثُمَّ أَحْيٰاهُمْ .

فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةٍ مِنْ مَدَائِنِ الشَّامِ،وَ كَانُوا سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ بَيْتٍ،وَ كَانَ الطَّاعُونُ يَقَعُ فِيهِمْ فِي كُلِّ أَوَانٍ، فَكَانُوا إِذَا أَحَسُّوا بِهِ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ الْأَغْنِيَاءُ لِقُوَّتِهِمْ،وَ بَقِيَ فِيهَا الْفُقَرَاءُ لِضَعْفِهِمْ،فَكَانَ الْمَوْتُ يَكْثُرُ فِي الَّذِينَ أَقَامُوا،وَ يَقِلُّ فِي الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا.فَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا:لَوْ كُنَّا أَقَمْنَا لَكَثُرَ فِينَا الْمَوْتُ،وَ يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ أَقَامُوا:لَوْ كُنَّا خَرَجْنَا لَقَلَّ فِينَا الْمَوْتُ».

قَالَ:«فَاجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ جَمِيعاً،أَنَّهُ إِذَا وَقَعَ الطَّاعُونُ فِيهِمْ وَ أَحَسُّوا بِهِ خَرَجُوا كُلُّهُمْ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ،فَلَمَّا أَحَسُّوا بِالطَّاعُونِ خَرَجُوا جَمِيعاً،وَ تَنَحَّوْا عَنِ الطَّاعُونِ،حَذَرَ الْمَوْتِ،فَسَارُوا فِي الْبِلاَدِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ،ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ مَرُّوا بِمَدِينَةٍ خَرِبَةٍ قَدْ جَلاَ عَنْهَا أَهْلُهَا وَ أَفْنَاهُمُ الطَّاعُونُ،فَنَزَلُوا بِهَا،فَلَمَّا حَطُّوا رِحَالَهُمْ وَ اطْمَأَنُّوا بِهَا،قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:مُوتُوا جَمِيعاً.فَمَاتُوا مِنْ سَاعَتِهِمْ،وَ صَارُوا رَمِيماً يَلُوحُ.وَ كَانُوا عَلَى طَرِيقِ الْمَارَّةِ،فَكَنَسَتْهُمُ الْمَارَّةُ،فَنَحَّوْهُمْ،وَ جَمَعُوهُمْ فِي مَوْضِعٍ،فَمَرَّ بِهِمْ نَبِيٌّ مِنْ أَنْبِيَاءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ،يُقَالُ لَهُ:حِزْقِيلُ،فَلَمَّا رَأَى تِلْكَ الْعِظَامَ بَكَى وَ اسْتَعْبَرَ،وَ قَالَ:يَا رَبِّ،لَوْ شِئْتَ لَأَحْيَيْتَهُمْ السَّاعَةَ،كَمَا أَمَتَّهُمْ،فَعَمَرُوا بِلاَدَكَ،وَ وَلَدُوا عِبَادَكَ،وَ عَبَدُوكَ مَعَ مَنْ يَعْبُدُكَ مِنْ خَلْقِكَ.

فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ أَ فَتُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ-يَا رَبِّ-فَأَحْيِهِمْ».

قَالَ:«فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ،أَنْ قُلْ كَذَا وَ كَذَا.فَقَالَ الَّذِي أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَقُولَهُ-فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):وَ هُوَ الاِسْمُ الْأَعْظَمُ-فَلَمَّا قَالَ حِزْقِيلُ ذَلِكَ الْكَلاَمَ،نَظَرَ إِلَى الْعِظَامِ يَطِيرُ بَعْضُهَا إِلَى بَعْضٍ،فَعَادُوا

/1341 _1- Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb: from a number of our companions, from Sahl b. Ziyād, from Ibn Maḥbūb, from ‘Umar b. Yazīd, and others — from some of them [from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him)], and some of them from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “Have you not considered those who went forth from their homes, and they were thousands, fearing death, so Allah said to them, Die; then He gave them life.” He said: “These were the people of a city among the cities of al-Shām. They were seventy thousand households, and the plague would strike them at every season. When they sensed it, the wealthy would leave the city due to their strength, and the poor would remain in it due to their weakness. Death would be numerous among those who stayed, and few among those who left. Those who left would say: If we had stayed, death would have been numerous among us. And those who stayed would say: If we had left, death would have been few among us.”

He said: “So they all agreed that if the plague fell upon them and they sensed it, all of them would leave the city. When they sensed the plague, they all left and distanced themselves from the plague, fearing death. They traveled through the lands as Allah willed. Then they passed by a ruined city whose people had fled and whom the plague had annihilated, so they camped there. When they laid down their baggage and felt settled there, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: Die, all of you. So they died at that very moment and became decayed bones visible to the eye. They were on the road of passers-by, so the passers-by swept them aside, removed them, and gathered them in a place. A prophet of the prophets of the Children of Israel passed by them, called Ḥizqīl. When he saw those bones, he wept and was moved to tears, and said: My Lord, if You will, You could give them life at this very moment just as You caused them to die, and they would inhabit Your lands, beget Your servants, and worship You along with those of Your creation who worship You. Allah, Exalted, revealed to him: Do you love that? He said: Yes, my Lord — so give them life.”

He said: “So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed to him that he should say such-and-such. He said what Allah, Mighty and Majestic, commanded him to say — and Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) said: and it is the Greatest Name. When Ḥizqīl said those words, he saw the bones flying, each to its counterpart, and they returned …”

Footnotes:

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:424/128, Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:424/128.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:425/129, Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:425/129.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:426/129, Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:426/129.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:427/129, Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:427/129.

_5) -الكافي 6:1/104, al-Kāfī 6:1/104.

[1] البقرة 2:234, al-Baqara 2:234.

_2) -الكافي 6:2/105, al-Kāfī 6:2/105.

_3) -الكافي 6:3/105, al-Kāfī 6:3/105.

_4) -الكافي 6:4/105, al-Kāfī 6:4/105.

_5) -الكافي 6:5/105, al-Kāfī 6:5/105.

[1] في المصدر زيادة:و الشعير., fī al-maṣdar ziyādah: wa al-sha‘īr.

[2] في المصدر نسخة بدل:بالتمر., fī al-maṣdar nuskhat badal: bi-l-tamr.

_6) -التهذيب 8:486/140, al-Tahdhīb 8:486/140.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:427/129, Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:427/129.

_8) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:429/129, Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:429/129.

_9) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:430/130, Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:430/130.

_10) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:431/130, Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:431/130.

_11) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:432/130, Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:432/130.

[1] في«س»:عن أبي بصير،عن أبي عبد اللّه(عليه السّلام)،و هو يروي عن كليهما،كما في معجم رجال الحديث 21:45،لكن الظاهر صحّة ما في المصدر و«ط»،بقرينة الحديثين(5)و(7), fī “S”: ‘an Abī Baṣīr, ‘an Abī ‘Abd Allāh (alayhi al-salām), wa huwa yarwī ‘an kulayhimā, kamā fī Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 21:45, lākinn al-ẓāhir ṣiḥḥat mā fī al-maṣdar wa “Ṭ”, bi-qarīnat al-ḥadīthayn (5) wa (7).

[2] في«ط»و«س»عن أبي الحسن(عليه السّلام)،و ما أثبتناه من المصدر،و لم تذكّر للحسن بن زياد رواية عن أبي الحسن(عليه السّلام)،انظر معجم رجال الحديث 4:330., fī “Ṭ” wa “S” ‘an Abī al-Ḥasan (alayhi al-salām), wa mā athbatnāhu min al-maṣdar, wa lam tudhkar li-l-Ḥasan b. Ziyād riwāyah ‘an Abī al-Ḥasan (alayhi al-salām), unẓur Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 4:330.

_12) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:130 ذيل الحديث 432،التهذيب 8:490/141, Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:130 dhayl al-ḥadīth 432, al-Tahdhīb 8:490/141.

_1) -الكافي 8:237/198, al-Kāfī 8:237/198.

[1] في التهذيب زيادة:عن أبي عبد اللّه(عليه السّلام)،قال., fī al-Tahdhīb ziyādah: ‘an Abī ‘Abd Allāh (alayhi al-salām), qāl.

[2] أثبتناه من المصدر،و ذكر السيّد الخوئي في(تفصيل طبقات الرواة):أن عمر بن يزيد روى عن بعضهم،عن أبي عبد اللّه،و أبي جعفر(عليهما السّلام)،و روى عنه ابن محبوب.معجم رجال الحديث 13:384., athbatnāhu min al-maṣdar, wa dhakara al-Sayyid al-Khū’ī fī (Tafsīl Ṭabaqāt al-Ruwāt): anna ‘Umar b. Yazīd rawā ‘an ba‘ḍihim, ‘an Abī ‘Abd Allāh wa Abī Ja‘far (alayhimā al-salām), wa rawā ‘anhu Ibn Maḥbūb. Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 13:384.