S 3 A 54

آل عمران آيه 54

قوله تعالى:

قٰالَ الْحَوٰارِيُّونَ نَحْنُ أَنْصٰارُ اللّٰهِ[52] (آل عمران 3:52)

But when Isa perceived unbelief on their part he said: Who will be my helpers in Allah's way? The disciples said: We are helpers (in the way) of Allah: We believe in Allah and bear witness that we are submitting ones.

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ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الطَّالَقَانِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْكُوفِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ:لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):لِمَ سُمِّيَ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ حَوَارِيِّينَ؟ قَالَ:«أَمَّا عِنْدَ النَّاسِ فَإِنَّهُمْ سُمُّوا حَوَارِيِّينَ لِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا قَصَّارِينَ يُخَلِّصُونَ الثِّيَابَ مِنَ الْوَسَخِ بِالْغَسْلِ، وَ هُوَ اسْمٌ مُشْتَقٌّ مِنَ الْخُبْزِ الْحُوَّارَى [1]،وَ أَمَّا عِنْدَنَا فَسُمِّيَ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ حَوَارِيِّينَ لِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا مُخْلِصِينَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ مُخْلِصِينَ لِغَيْرِهِمْ مِنْ أَوْسَاخِ الذُّنُوبِ بِالْوَعْظِ وَ التَّذَكُّرِ».

Ibn Babawayh said: Abu al-‘Abbas Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Ishaq al-Talaqani narrated to us, he said: Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Sa‘id al-Kufi narrated to us, he said: ‘Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal narrated to us, from his father, who said: I said to Abu al-Hasan al-Rida (peace be upon him): Why were the Disciples (al-Hawariyyun) called “Hawariyyun”? He said: As for what people say, they were called “Hawariyyun” because they were bleachers who cleansed clothes of dirt by washing, and it is a name derived from al-khubz al-huwwara [1]. But as for us, the Disciples were called “Hawariyyun” because they were pure in themselves and purified others from the filth of sins through exhortation and reminding.

قوله تعالى:

وَ مَكَرُوا وَ مَكَرَ اللّٰهُ وَ اللّٰهُ خَيْرُ الْمٰاكِرِينَ[54] (آل عمران 3:54)

And they planned and Allah (also) planned, and Allah is the best of planners.

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ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يُونُسَ الْمُعَاذِيِّ [2]،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْكُوفِيُّ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِهِ:

وَ مَكَرُوا وَ مَكَرَ اللّٰهُ .فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لاَ يَمْكُرُ،وَ لَكِنَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُجَازِيهِمْ جَزَاءَ الْمَكْرِ».

Ibn Babawayh, from Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Ahmad ibn Yunus al-Mu‘adhi [2], who said: Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Sa‘id al-Kufi al-Hamdani narrated to me, he said: ‘Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal narrated to us, from his father, who said: I asked al-Rida (peace be upon him) about His saying: “And they planned and Allah planned.” He said: Indeed Allah, blessed and exalted, does not scheme; rather, Mighty and Majestic, He requites them with the recompense of scheming.

قوله تعالى:

إِذْ قٰالَ اللّٰهُ يٰا عِيسىٰ إِنِّي مُتَوَفِّيكَ وَ رٰافِعُكَ إِلَيَّ وَ مُطَهِّرُكَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَ جٰاعِلُ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوكَ فَوْقَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِلىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيٰامَةِ[55] (آل عمران 3:55)

When Allah said: O Isa! I am going to terminate the period of your stay and cause you to ascend unto Me and purify you of those who disbelieve and make those who follow you above those who disbelieve to the day of resurrection; then to Me shall be your return, so I will decide between you concerning that in which you differed.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ بْنِ

‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Jamil ibn Salih, from Humran ibn

_1) -علل الشرائع:1/80 باب 72.

‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘: 1/80, Bāb 72.

_2) -عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام)1:19/126،التوحيد:1/163.

‘Uyūn Akhbār al-Ridā (alayhi al-salām) 1:19/126; al-Tawḥīd 1:163.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:103.

Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:103.

[1] الحوّارى:الدقيق الأبيض،و هو لباب الدقيق.و الخبر الحوّارى:الخبز المعمول من هذا الدقيق.

al-Ḥawwārī: al-daqīq al-abyaḍ, wa huwa lubāb al-daqīq. Wa al-khubz al-ḥuwwārī: al-khubz al-ma‘mūl min hādhā al-daqīq.

[2] في العيون:محمّد بن أحمد بن إبراهيم المعاذي،و كلاهما واحد،انظر معجم رجال الحديث 14:219 و 312.

fī al-‘Uyūn: Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Mu‘ādhī, wa kilāhumā wāḥid, unẓur Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 14:219 wa 312.