S 2 A 231

بقرة آيه 231

التَّطْلِيقَتَيْنِ الْأَوَّلَتَيْنِ».

The first two divorces.

قوله تعالى:

وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ سَرِّحُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَلَا تُمْسِكُوهُنَّ ضِرَارًا لِتَعْتَدُوا وَمَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذَٰلِكَ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ نَفْسَهُ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا آيَاتِ اللَّهِ هُزُوًا وَاذْكُرُوا نِعْمَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَا أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ وَالْحِكْمَةِ يَعِظُكُمْ بِهِ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ [البقرة: 231]

And when you divorce the women and they reach their prescribed time, then retain them with kindness or let them go with kindness, and do not retain them for injury so that you exceed the limits; and whoever does that, he indeed is unjust to his own soul; and do not take Allah’s communications for a mockery, and remember the favor of Allah upon you and what He has revealed to you of the Book and the Wisdom, admonishing you thereby; and be careful of (your duty to) Allah, and know that Allah is the Knower of all things. (Qur’an 2:231, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1240 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ فِي(الْفَقِيهِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ،[عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ]،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: وَ لاٰ تُمْسِكُوهُنَّ ضِرٰاراً لِتَعْتَدُوا .قَالَ:«الرَّجُلُ يُطَلِّقُ،حَتَّى إِذَا كَادَ أَنْ يَخْلُوَ أَجَلُهَا رَاجَعَهَا،ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا،يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ[فَنَهَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْ ذَلِكَ]».

99-/1240 - Ibn Bābawayh in (al-Faqīh), with his chain from al-Mufaḍḍal b. Ṣāliḥ [from al-Ḥalabī], from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Exalted: “And do not retain them for injury so that you exceed the limits.” He said: A man divorces, and when her term is about to expire he takes her back, then he divorces her; he does this three times—so Allah, Mighty and Majestic, forbade that.

99-/1241 _2- عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثُمَّ يُرَاجِعَهَا،وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ فِيهَا حَاجَةٌ،ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقَهَا،فَهَذَا الضِّرَارُ الَّذِي نَهَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْهُ،إِلاَّ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ ثُمَّ يُرَاجِعَ وَ هُوَ يَنْوِي الْإِمْسَاكَ».

99-/1241 - From him: with his chain from al-Bazantī, from ‘Abd al-Karīm b. ‘Amr, from al-Ḥasan b. Ziyād, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: It is not proper for a man to divorce his wife and then take her back when he has no need of her, then divorce her again. That is the injurious treatment which Allah, Mighty and Majestic, forbade—except that he divorces and then takes her back while intending to keep her.

/1242 _3-(تفسير عليّ بن إبراهيم)،في معنى الآية،قال:إذا طلقها لم يجز له أن يراجعها إن لم يردها.

99-/1242 - (Tafsīr ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm), on the meaning of the verse, said: If he divorces her, it is not permissible for him to take her back if he does not truly want her.

99-/1243 _4- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ حُمْرَانَ ابْنَيْ أَعْيَنَ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،قَالُوا:سَأَلْنَاهُمَا عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: وَ لاٰ تُمْسِكُوهُنَّ ضِرٰاراً لِتَعْتَدُوا .فَقَالاَ:«هُوَ الرَّجُلُ يُطَلِّقُ الْمَرْأَةَ تَطْلِيقَةً وَاحِدَةً،ثُمَّ يَدَعُهَا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ آخِرُ عِدَّتِهَا رَاجَعَهَا،ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقُهَا أُخْرَى،فَيَتْرُكُهَا مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ،فَنَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ».

99-/1243 - Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Zurārah and Ḥumrān, the two sons of A‘yan, and from Muḥammad b. Muslim, from Abū Ja‘far and Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon them), who said: We asked them about His saying: “And do not retain them for injury so that you exceed the limits.” They said: It is the man who divorces a woman one divorce, then leaves her until the end of her waiting period, then takes her back, then divorces her another time, and leaves her likewise. So it was forbidden.

99-/1244 _5- عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ لاٰ تُمْسِكُوهُنَّ ضِرٰاراً لِتَعْتَدُوا .قَالَ:«الرَّجُلُ يُطَلِّقُ،حَتَّى إِذَا كَادَتْ أَنْ يَخْلُوَ أَجَلُهَا رَاجَعَهَا،ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا،ثُمَّ رَاجَعَهَا،يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ،فَنَهَى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ».

99-/1244 - From al-Ḥalabī, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: I asked him about the saying of Allah: “And do not retain them for injury so that you exceed the limits.” He said: A man divorces her, and when her term is about to expire he takes her back, then he divorces her, then he takes her back—he does that three times. Allah forbade it.

_1) -من لا يحضره الفقيه 3:1567/323.

_1) -Man lā yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh 3:1567/323.

_2) -من لا يحضره الفقيه 3:3:1567/323.

_2) -Man lā yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh 3:3:1567/323.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:76.

_3) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:76.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:377/119.

_4) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:377/119.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:378/119.

_5) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:378/119.

قوله تعالى:

وَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا آيَاتِ اللَّهِ هُزُوًا [البقرة: 231]

And do not take Allah’s communications for a mockery. (Qur’an 2:231, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1245 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ جُمَيْعٍ،رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «مَكْتُوبٌ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ:مَنْ أَصْبَحَ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا حَزِيناً،فَقَدْ أَصْبَحَ لِقَضَاءِ اللَّهِ سَاخِطاً،وَ مَنْ أَصْبَحَ يَشْكُو مُصِيبَةً نَزَلَتْ بِهِ،فَقَدْ أَصْبَحَ يَشْكُو اللَّهَ، وَ مَنْ أَتَى غَنِيّاً فَتَوَاضَعَ لِغِنَاهُ،ذَهَبَ اللَّهُ بِثُلُثَيْ دِينِهِ،وَ مَنْ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ النَّارَ،فَهُوَ مِمَّنْ كَانَ يَتَّخِذُ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ هُزُواً.وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَشِرْ يَنْدَمْ،وَ الْفَقْرُ الْمَوْتُ الْأَكْبَرُ».

99-/1245 - Al-‘Ayyāshī: from ‘Amr b. Jumay‘, who raised it to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), who said: It is written in the Torah: Whoever wakes up grieving over the world has awakened resentful of Allah’s decree; and whoever wakes up complaining of a calamity that has befallen him has awakened complaining against Allah; and whoever comes to a rich man and humbles himself because of his wealth, Allah removes two-thirds of his religion; and whoever from this community recites the Qur’an and then enters the Fire is among those who used to take the signs of Allah as a mockery. And whoever does not consult will regret it; and poverty is the greater death.

قوله تعالى:

وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ أَنْ يَنْكِحْنَ أَزْوَاجَهُنَّ إِذَا تَرَاضَوْا بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ ذَٰلِكَ يُوعَظُ بِهِ مَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَزْكَى لَكُمْ وَأَطْهَرُ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ وَأَنْتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ [البقرة: 232]

And when you divorce the women and they have ended their waiting period, then do not prevent them from marrying their husbands when they agree among themselves in a lawful manner; with this is admonished he among you who believes in Allah and the last day; this is more pure for you and cleaner, and Allah knows while you do not know. (Qur’an 2:232, M. H. Shakir)

/1246 _2-علي بن إبراهيم:في قوله تعالى: وَ إِذٰا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسٰاءَ فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلاٰ تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ :أي لا تحبسوهن: أَنْ يَنْكِحْنَ أَزْوٰاجَهُنَّ إِذٰا تَرٰاضَوْا بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ يعني إذا رضيت المرأة بالتزويج الحلال.

99-/1246 - ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm: Regarding His saying, “And when you divorce the women and they have reached their term, then do not prevent them,” meaning: do not confine them, from marrying their husbands when they agree among themselves in a proper manner—that is, when the woman is content with the lawful marriage.

قوله تعالى:

وَالْوَالِدَاتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلَادَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُتِمَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ وَعَلَى الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ لَا تُكَلَّفُ نَفْسٌ إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا لَا تُضَارَّ وَالِدَةٌ بِوَلَدِهَا وَلَا مَوْلُودٌ لَهُ بِوَلَدِهِ وَعَلَى الْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَٰلِكَ فَإِنْ أَرَادَا فِصَالًا عَنْ تَرَاضٍ مِنْهُمَا وَتَشَاوُرٍ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا وَإِنْ أَرَدْتُمْ أَنْ تَسْتَرْضِعُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا سَلَّمْتُمْ مَا آتَيْتُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ [البقرة: 233]

And the mothers should suckle their children for two whole years, for him who desires to make complete the time of suckling; and their maintenance and their clothing must be borne by the father of the child according to usage; no soul shall have imposed upon it a duty but to the extent of its capacity; neither shall a mother be made to suffer harm on account of her child, nor a father on account of his child, and a similar duty (devolves) on the (father’s) heir; but if both desire weaning by mutual consent and counsel, there is no blame on them; and if you wish to engage a wet-nurse for your children, there is no blame on you so long as you pay what you promised for according to usage; and be careful of (your duty to) Allah, and know that Allah sees what you do. (Qur’an 2:233, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1247 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ،

99-/1247 - Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb: from a number of our companions, from Sahl b. Ziyād, from Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Abī Naṣr, …

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:379/120.

_1) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:379/120.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:76.

_2) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:76.

_3) -الكافي 5:3/443.

_3) -al-Kāfī 5:3/443.