Al-Hijr Ayah 94-95

الحجر آيه 94-95

قوله تعالى:

فَاصْدَعْ بِمٰا تُؤْمَرُ وَ أَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ* إِنّٰا كَفَيْنٰاكَ الْمُسْتَهْزِئِينَ [94-95]

Qur’an 15:94-95 (al-Hijr)

Therefore declare openly what you are bidden and turn aside from the polytheists. Surely We will suffice you against the scoffers. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/5946 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ جَمِيعاً،قَالاَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ،قَالاَ:حَدَّثَنَا صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «اكْتَتَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِمَكَّةَ مُخْتَفِياً خَائِفاً خَمْسَ سِنِينَ،لَيْسَ يُظْهِرُ أَمْرَهُ،وَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مَعَهُ وَ خَدِيجَةُ،ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَصْدَعَ بِمَا أُمِرَ بِهِ،فَظَهَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ أَظْهَرَ أَمْرَهُ».

99-/5946 _1- Ibn Bābawayh said: Muhammad b. al-Hasan narrated to us, who said: Sa‘d b. ‘Abd Allāh and Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Saffār both narrated to us, saying: Muhammad b. al-Husayn b. Abī al-Khaṭṭāb and Muhammad b. ‘Īsā b. ‘Ubayd both narrated to us, saying: Ṣafwān b. Yaḥyā, from ‘Abd Allāh b. Miskān, from Muḥammad b. ‘Alī al-Ḥalabī, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “The Messenger of Allah (blessings of Allah be upon him and his family) concealed himself in Mecca, hidden and fearful, for five years, not making his mission public, and ‘Alī (peace be upon him) was with him, and Khadīja [too]. Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, commanded him to proclaim what he had been commanded, so the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) came forth and made his mission public.”

99-/5947 _2- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي،وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالاَ:حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْعَطَّارُ وَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ جَمِيعاً،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ جَمِيعاً،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ،عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَلَبِيِّ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «مَكَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِمَكَّةَ بَعْدَ مَا جَاءَهُ الْوَحْيُ عَنِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى ثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً،مِنْهَا ثَلاَثُ سِنِينَ مُخْتَفِياً خَائِفاً لاَ يُظْهِرُ حَتَّى أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَصْدَعَ بِمَا أَمَرَهُ بِهِ،فَأَظْهَرَ حِينَئِذٍ الدَّعْوَةَ».

99-/5947 _2- And from him: He said: My father and Muhammad b. al-Hasan (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, saying: Sa‘d b. ‘Abd Allāh, ‘Abd Allāh b. Ja‘far al-Ḥimyarī, Muhammad b. Yaḥyā al-‘Aṭṭār, and Aḥmad b. Idrīs all narrated to us, from Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ‘Īsā, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn b. Abī al-Khaṭṭāb, and Ibrāhīm b. Hāshim, from al-Ḥasan b. Maḥbūb, from ‘Alī b. Ri’āb, from ‘Ubayd Allāh b. ‘Alī al-Ḥalabī, who said: I heard Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) say: “The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) remained in Mecca after revelation came to him from Allah, Blessed and Exalted, for thirteen years, of which three years he was hidden and fearful, not making [the call] public until Allah, Mighty and Majestic, commanded him to proclaim what He had commanded him. Then he made the call public.”

99-/5948 _3- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ زِيَادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْهَمَدَانِيُّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْأَحْمَرِ،رَفَعَهُ،قَالَ: «الْمُسْتَهْزِءُونَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)خَمْسَةٌ:اَلْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ،وَ الْعَاصُ بْنُ وَائِلٍ السَّهْمِيُّ،وَ الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ يَغُوثَ الزُّهْرِيُّ،وَ الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ الْمُطَّلِبِ،وَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ الطَّلاَطِلَةِ الثَّقَفِيُّ».

99-/5948 _3- And from him: Aḥmad b. Ziyād b. Ja‘far al-Hamadānī (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, saying: ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm b. Hāshim, from his father, from Muḥammad b. Abī ‘Umayr, from Abān b. ‘Uthmān al-Aḥmar, with a raised chain, said: “The mockers of the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) were five: al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra al-Makhzūmī, al-‘Āṣ b. Wā’il al-Sahmī, al-Aswad b. ‘Abd Yaghūth al-Zuhrī, al-Aswad b. al-Muṭṭalib, and al-Ḥārith b. al-Ṭalāṭila al-Thaqafī.”

99-/5949 _4- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحُسَيْنِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخُرَاسَانِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ سَهْلُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ الْعَبَّاسِيُّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْآمُلِيِّ [1]،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ،قَالَ:

99-/5949 _4- And from him: Aḥmad b. al-Ḥasan al-Qaṭṭān narrated to us, saying: Abū al-Qāsim ‘Abd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad al-Ḥusaynī narrated to us, saying: Abū al-‘Abbās Muḥammad b. ‘Alī al-Khurāsānī narrated to us, saying: Abū Sa‘īd Sahl b. Ṣāliḥ al-‘Abbāsī, from his father, and Ibrāhīm b. ‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-Āmulī [1], said: Mūsā b. Ja‘far b. Muḥammad b. ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn b. ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib narrated to us. He said: Ja‘far b. Muḥammad narrated to us; he said: My father Muḥammad b. ‘Alī narrated to me; he said: My father ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn narrated to me; he said:

حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ): «أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ لِيَهُودِيٍّ مِنْ يَهُودِ الشَّامِ وَ أَحْبَارِهِمْ،وَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَهُ فِيمَا أَجَابَ عَنْهُ مِنْ جَوَابِ مَسَائِلِهِ:فَأَمَّا الْمُسْتَهْزِءُونَ،فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنّٰا كَفَيْنٰاكَ الْمُسْتَهْزِئِينَ فَقَتَلَ اللَّهُ خَمْسَتَهُمْ،قَدْ قَتَلَ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ بِغَيْرِ قِتْلَةِ صَاحِبِهِ فِي يَوْمٍ وَاحِدٍ؛أَمَّا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ،فَإِنَّهُ مَرَّ بِنَبْلٍ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي خُزَاعَةَ قَدْ رَاشَهُ [1] فِي الطَّرِيقِ،فَأَصَابَتْهُ شَظِيَّةٌ مِنْهُ فَانْقَطَعَ أَكْحَلُهُ [2] حَتَّى أَدْمَاهُ،فَمَاتَ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ:قَتَلَنِي رَبُّ مُحَمَّدٍ؛وَ أَمَّا الْعَاصُ بْنُ وَائِلٍ السَّهْمِيُّ،فَإِنَّهُ خَرَجَ فِي حَاجَةٍ لَهُ إِلَى كَدَاءَ [3]،فَتَدَهْدَهَ [4] تَحْتَهُ حَجَرٌ،فَسَقَطَ فَتَقَطَّعَ قِطْعَةً قِطْعَةً،فَمَاتَ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ:قَتَلَنِي رَبُّ مُحَمَّدٍ؛وَ أَمَّا الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ يَغُوثَ،فَإِنَّهُ خَرَجَ يَسْتَقْبِلُ ابْنَهُ زَمْعَةَ [5]، وَ مَعَهُ غُلاَمٌ لَهُ،فَاسْتَظَلَّ بِشَجَرَةٍ تَحْتَ كدَاءَ،فَأَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَأَخَذَ رَأْسَهُ فَنَطَحَ بِهِ الشَّجَرَةَ،فَقَالَ لِغُلاَمِهِ:

امْنَعْ عَنِّي هَذَا؛فَقَالَ:مَا أَرَى أَحَداً يَصْنَعُ بِكَ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ نَفْسَكَ.فَقَتَلَهُ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ:قَتَلَنِي رَبُّ مُحَمَّدٍ».

قَالَ مُصَنِّفُ هَذَا الْكِتَابِ:وَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ فِي الْأَسْوَدِ،يُقَالُ:«إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)كَانَ قَدْ دَعَا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُعْمِيَ اللَّهُ بَصَرَهُ،وَ أَنْ يُثْكِلَهُ بِوَلَدِهِ.فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ،جَاءَ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى كَدَاءَ،فَأَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِوَرَقَةٍ خَضْرَاءَ، فَضَرَبَ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ فَعَمِيَ،وَ بَقِيَ حَتَّى أَثْكَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِوَلَدِهِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ،ثُمَّ مَاتَ».

«وَ أَمَّا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ الطَّلاَطِلَةِ،فَإِنَّهُ خَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ فِي السَّمُومِ،فَتَحَوَّلَ حَبَشِيّاً،فَرَجَعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ،فَقَالَ:أَنَا الْحَارِثُ.فَغَضِبُوا عَلَيْهِ وَ قَتَلُوهُ،وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ:قَتَلَنِي رَبُّ مُحَمَّدٍ؛وَ أَمَّا الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ الْمُطَّلِبِ،فَإِنَّهُ أَكَلَ حُوتاً مَالِحاً، فَأَصَابَهُ غَلَبَةُ الْعَطَشِ،فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَشْرَبُ الْمَاءَ حَتَّى انْشَقَّ بَطْنُهُ فَمَاتَ،وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ:قَتَلَنِي رَبُّ مُحَمَّدٍ.وَ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ فِي سَاعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ،وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالُوا لَهُ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،نَنْتَظِرُ بِكَ إِلَى الظُّهْرِ،فَإِنْ رَجَعْتَ عَنْ قَوْلِكَ وَ إِلاَّ قَتَلْنَاكَ.فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مَنْزِلَهُ،فَأَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِ بَابَهُ مُغْتَمّاً بِقَوْلِهِمْ،فَأَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)سَاعَتَهُ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،السَّلاَمُ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلاَمَ،وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ: فَاصْدَعْ بِمٰا تُؤْمَرُ يَعْنِي أَظْهِرْ أَمْرَكَ لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَ ادْعُ، وَ أَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ .قَالَ:يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ،كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ بِالْمُسْتَهْزِءِينَ وَ مَا أَوْعَدُونِي؟ قَالَ: إِنّٰا كَفَيْنٰاكَ الْمُسْتَهْزِئِينَ .قَالَ:يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ،كَانُوا عِنْدِيَ السَّاعَةَ بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ.فَقَالَ:قَدْ كُفِيتَهُمْ.فَأَظْهَرَ أَمْرَهُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ».

99-/5949 _4- My father al-Ḥusayn b. ‘Alī (peace be upon them) narrated to me: “Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said to a Jew from the Jews of al-Shām and their rabbis — and he had informed him among the answers to his questions: As for the mockers, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: Surely We will suffice you against the scoffers; and Allah killed five of them, each of them by a different death, in a single day. As for al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra, he passed by arrows belonging to a man of Banū Khuza‘a that had been fletched [1] in the road; a splinter struck him, severing his akhal vein [2] until it bled, and he died saying: ‘The Lord of Muhammad has killed me.’ As for al-‘Āṣ b. Wā’il al-Sahmī, he went out on an errand to Kadā’ [3]; a stone rolled [4] under him, he fell and was torn to pieces, and he died saying: ‘The Lord of Muhammad has killed me.’ As for al-Aswad b. ‘Abd Yaghūth, he went out to meet his son Zam‘a [5], and with him was his servant; he took shade under a tree below Kadā’. Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to him, took his head and struck it against the tree. He said to his servant: ‘Ward this off from me!’ He said: ‘I see no one doing anything to you except yourself.’ He killed him as he was saying: ‘The Lord of Muhammad has killed me.’”

The compiler of this book said: And in another report regarding al-Aswad it is said: “The Prophet (blessings be upon him and his family) had invoked against him that Allah blind his sight and bereave him of his child. On that day he came until he reached Kadā’. Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to him with a green leaf, struck his face with it, and he was blinded. He remained until Allah, Mighty and Majestic, bereaved him of his child on the Day of Badr, then he died.”

“And as for al-Ḥārith b. al-Ṭalāṭila, he left his house in the scorching wind and turned black like a Habashi; he returned to his family and said: ‘I am al-Ḥārith.’ They became angry with him and killed him, and he was saying: ‘The Lord of Muhammad has killed me.’ As for al-Aswad b. al-Muṭṭalib, he ate a salty fish; overpowering thirst struck him, and he continued drinking water until his belly split and he died, saying: ‘The Lord of Muhammad has killed me.’ All of that occurred in a single hour, because they had been before the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) and said to him: ‘O Muhammad, we will wait with you until noon. If you retract your claim, otherwise we will kill you.’ The Prophet (blessings be upon him and his family) entered his house and shut his door upon himself, distressed by their words. Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to him at that very moment and said: ‘O Muhammad, al-Salām conveys to you peace, and He says: Therefore declare openly what you are bidden — meaning: make your mission manifest to the people of Mecca and call [them] — and turn aside from the polytheists.’ He said: ‘O Gabriel, what shall I do about the mockers and what they have threatened me with?’ He said: Surely We will suffice you against the scoffers. He said: ‘O Gabriel, they were just now before me.’ He said: ‘You have been sufficed against them.’ So he made his mission manifest at that.”

99-/5950 _5- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ لاٰ تَجْهَرْ بِصَلاٰتِكَ وَ لاٰ تُخٰافِتْ بِهٰا [6]،قَالَ:«نَسَخَتْهَا فَاصْدَعْ بِمٰا تُؤْمَرُ ».

99-/5950 _5- Al-‘Ayyāshī: From Abū Baṣīr, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him) regarding His saying: And do not utter your prayer in a raised voice, nor be silent therein [6], he said: “It was abrogated by Therefore declare openly what you are bidden.”

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:45/252.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:45/252.

[1] راش السهم:ركّب عليه الرّيش.«المعجم الوسيط-ريش-1:385».

[1] rāsha al-sahm: rakkaba ‘alayhi al-rīsh. “al-Mu‘jam al-Wasīṭ – rīsh – 1:385.”

[2] الأكحل:وريد في وسط الذراع.«المعجم الوسيط-كحل-2:778».

[2] al-akḥal: warīd fī wasaṭ al-dhirā‘. “al-Mu‘jam al-Wasīṭ – kaḥl – 2:778.”

[3] كداء:ثنية بأعلى مكّة عند المحصّب.«معجم البلدان-كداء-4:439».

[3] Kadā’: thaniyya bi-a‘lā Makka ‘inda al-Muḥaṣṣab. “Mu‘jam al-Buldān – Kadā’ – 4:439.”

[4] تدهده:تدحرج.«المعجم الوسيط-دهده-1:299».

[4] tadahdaha: tadahraja. “al-Mu‘jam al-Wasīṭ – dahdaha – 1:299.”

[5] في«س»:ابن ربيعة.

[5] fī “S”: ibn Rabī‘a.

[6] الإسراء 17:110.

[6] al-Isrā’ 17:110.

99-/5951 _6- عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْأَحْمَرِ،رَفَعَهُ،قَالَ: كَانَ الْمُسْتَهْزِءُونَ خَمْسَةً مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ:اَلْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ،وَ الْعَاصُ بْنُ وَائِلٍ السَّهْمِيُّ،وَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ حَنْظَلَةَ،وَ الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ يَغُوثَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ،وَ الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ أَسَدٍ،فَلَمَّا قَالَ اللَّهُ: إِنّٰا كَفَيْنٰاكَ الْمُسْتَهْزِئِينَ عَلِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَخْزَاهُمْ، فَأَمَاتَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِشَرِّ مِيتَاتٍ».

99-/5951 _6- From Abān b. ‘Uthmān al-Aḥmar, with a raised chain; he said: “The mockers were five from Quraysh: al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra al-Makhzūmī, al-‘Āṣ b. Wā’il al-Sahmī, al-Ḥārith b. Ḥanẓala, al-Aswad b. ‘Abd Yaghūth b. Wahb al-Zuhrī, and al-Aswad b. al-Muṭṭalib b. Asad. When Allah said: Surely We will suffice you against the scoffers, the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) knew that He had disgraced them, so Allah caused them to die the worst of deaths.”

99-/5952 _7- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «اكْتَتَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِمَكَّةَ سِنِينَ،لَيْسَ يَظْهَرُ،وَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مَعَهُ وَ خَدِيجَةُ،ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَصْدَعَ بِمَا يُؤْمَرُ،فَظَهَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)، فَجَعَلَ يَعْرِضُ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى قَبَائِلِ الْعَرَبِ،فَإِذَا أَتَاهُمْ،قَالُوا:كَذَّابٌ،امْضِ عَنَّا».

99-/5952 _7- From Muḥammad b. ‘Alī al-Ḥalabī, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) concealed himself in Mecca for years, not appearing openly, and ‘Alī (peace be upon him) was with him and [also] Khadīja. Then Allah commanded him to proclaim what he was commanded; the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) then made himself manifest and began presenting himself to the Arab tribes. When he came to them they said: ‘Liar! Go away from us.’”

99-/5953 _8- الطَّبْرِسِيُّ فِي(الْإِحْتِجَاجِ):عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ آبَائِهِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ يَهُودِيّاً مِنْ يَهُودِ الشَّامِ وَ أَحْبَارِهِمْ كَانَ قَدْ قَرَأَ التَّوْرَاةَ وَ الْإِنْجِيلَ وَ الزَّبُورَ وَ صُحُفَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ عَرَفَ دَلاَئِلَهُمْ،أَتَى إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَجَلَسَ،وَ فِيهِ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ فِيهِمْ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ [1]،وَ أَبُو مَعْبَدٍ الْجُهَنِيُّ،فَقَالَ:يَا أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ،مَا تَرَكْتُمْ لِنَبِيٍّ دَرَجَةً،وَ لاَ لِمُرْسَلٍ فَضِيلَةً إِلاَّ نَحَلْتُمُوهَا نَبِيَّكُمْ،فَهَلْ تُجِيبُونِّي عَمَّا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَنْهُ؟فَكَاعَ الْقَوْمُ [2] عَنْهُ،فَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):

نَعَمْ،مَا أَعْطَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ نَبِيّاً دَرَجَةً،وَ لاَ مُرْسَلاً فَضِيلَةً إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ جَمَعَهَا لِمُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ زَادَ مُحَمَّداً(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَضْعَافاً مُضَاعَفَةً.

فَقَالَ لَهُ الْيَهُودِيُّ:فَهَلْ أَنْتَ مُجِيبِي؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ،سَأَذْكُرُ لَكَ الْيَوْمَ مِنْ فَضَائِلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مَا يُقِرُّ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَعْيُنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،وَ يَكُونُ فِيهِ إِزَالَةً لِشَكِّ الشَّاكِّينَ فِي فَضَائِلِهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،إِنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا ذَكَرَ لِنَفْسِهِ فَضِيلَةً،قَالَ:وَ لاَ فَخْرَ؛وَ أَنَا أَذْكُرُ لَكَ فَضَائِلَهُ غَيْرَ مُزْرٍ بِالْأَنْبِيَاءِ،وَ لاَ مُنْتَقِصٍ لَهُمْ،وَ لَكِنْ شُكْراً لِلَّهِ عَلَى مَا أَعْطَى مُحَمَّداً(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) مِثْلَ مَا أَعْطَاهُمْ،وَ مَا زَادَهُ اللَّهُ،وَ مَا فَضَّلَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ.

فَقَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ:إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ فَأَعِدَّ لَهُ جَوَاباً.قَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):هَاتِ.فَذَكَرَ لَهُ الْيَهُودِيُّ مَا أَعْطَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ،فَذَكَرَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مَا أَعْطَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مُحَمَّداً(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فِي مُقَابَلَةِ مَا أَعْطَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْأَنْبِيَاءَ وَ زَادَ مُحَمَّداً(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)عَلَيْهِمُ.

وَ كَانَ فِيمَا قَالَ لَهُ الْيَهُودِيُّ:فَإِنَّ هَذَا مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَدْ أَرْسَلَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ،وَ أَرَاهُ الْآيَةَ الْكُبْرَى.

قَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):لَقَدْ كَانَ كَذَلِكَ،وَ مُحَمَّدٌ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَرْسَلَهُ إِلَى فَرَاعِنَةٍ شَتَّى مِثْلِ:أَبِي جَهْلِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ،وَ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ،وَ شَيْبَةَ،وَ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ،وَ النَّضْرِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ،وَ أُبَيِّ بْنِ خَلَفٍ،وَ مُنَبِّهٍ وَ نَبِيهٍ ابْنَيِ الْحَجَّاجِ،وَ إِلَى الْخَمْسَةِ

99-/5953 _8- Al-Ṭabrisī in al-Iḥtijāj: From Mūsā b. Ja‘far, from his father, from his forefathers (peace be upon them), from al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon him), who said: “A Jew from the Jews of al-Shām and their rabbis, who had read the Torah, the Gospel, the Psalms, and the Scriptures of the Prophets (peace be upon them) and knew their proofs, came to the mosque and sat, and in it were the companions of the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family), among them ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him), Ibn ‘Abbās [1], and Abū Ma‘bad al-Juhanī. He said: ‘O community of Muhammad, you have left no rank for a prophet nor any virtue for a messenger without ascribing it to your Prophet. Will you answer me about what I ask you?’ The people shrank back [2] from him. ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him) said: ‘Yes. There is no rank Allah, Mighty and Majestic, gave to a prophet, nor virtue to a messenger, but that He gathered it for Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family), and Allah increased Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family) over the prophets many times over.’

“The Jew said to him: ‘Will you answer me?’ He said: ‘Yes. Today I will mention of the virtues of the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) what will delight the eyes of the believers by Allah’s leave and remove the doubt of doubters regarding his virtues. When he mentioned a virtue of himself he would say: “and without boasting.” I will mention to you his virtues without disparaging the prophets or belittling them, but as gratitude to Allah for what He gave to Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family) like what He gave to them, and what He increased him with, and what He preferred him over them.’

“The Jew said: ‘I will ask you, so prepare an answer.’ ‘Alī (peace be upon him) said to him: ‘Proceed.’ The Jew mentioned what Allah, Mighty and Majestic, gave to the prophets; and the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) mentioned what Allah, Mighty and Exalted, gave to Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family) corresponding to what He gave to the prophets — and how He increased Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family) over them.

“Among what the Jew said to him was: ‘This Mūsā b. ‘Imrān (peace be upon him) — Allah sent him to Pharaoh and showed him the great sign.’ ‘Alī (peace be upon him) said to him: ‘Indeed, it was so. And He sent Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family) to multiple pharaohs such as Abū Jahl b. Hishām, ‘Utba b. Rabī‘a, Shayba, Abū al-Bukhtarī, al-Naḍr b. al-Ḥārith, Ubayy b. Khalaf, Munabbih and Nabīh the sons of al-Ḥajjāj, and to the five mockers: al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra al-Makhzūmī, al-‘Āṣ b. Wā’il al-Sahmī, al-Aswad b. ‘Abd Yaghūth al-Zuhrī, al-Aswad b. al-Muṭṭalib, and al-Ḥārith b. al-Ṭalāṭila. So He showed them the signs in the horizons and in their own souls until it became clear to them that he is the truth.’

“The Jew said to him: ‘Allah, Mighty and Majestic, avenged Mūsā (peace be upon him) upon Pharaoh.’ ‘Alī (peace be upon him) said: ‘Indeed, and Allah, Glorious is His Name, avenged Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family) upon the pharaohs. As for the mockers, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: Surely We will suffice you against the scoffers — and Allah killed five of them, each with a different death, in a single day. As for al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra, he passed by arrows belonging to a man of Khuza‘a that had been fletched and placed in the road; a splinter struck him, severing his akhal vein until it bled, and he died saying: “The Lord of Muhammad has killed me.” As for al-‘Āṣ b. Wā’il al-Sahmī, he went out on an errand to a place; a stone rolled under him, he fell, was torn to pieces, and died saying: “The Lord of Muhammad has killed me.” As for al-Aswad b. ‘Abd Yaghūth, he went out to meet his son Zam‘a and took shade under a tree; Gabriel came, took his head, and struck it against the tree. He said to his servant: “Ward this off from me!” He said: “I see no one doing anything to you except yourself.” He killed him as he said: “The Lord of Muhammad has killed me.” As for al-Aswad b. al-Muṭṭalib, the Prophet (blessings be upon him and his family) invoked that Allah blind his sight and bereave him of his child. On that day he went out to a place; Gabriel came with a green leaf, struck his face with it, and he was blinded. He remained until Allah, Mighty and Majestic, bereaved him of his child. As for al-Ḥārith b. al-Ṭalāṭila, he left his house in the scorching wind and turned black like a Habashi, returned to his family and said: “I am al-Ḥārith.” They became angry with him and killed him, as he was saying: “The Lord of Muhammad has killed me.”’

“It is reported that al-Aswad b. al-Ḥārith ate a salty fish, overpowering thirst struck him, and he continued drinking water until his belly split and he died, saying: ‘The Lord of Muhammad has killed me.’

‘All of that occurred in a single hour. It was because they had been before the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) and said to him: “O Muhammad, we will wait with you until noon; if you retract your claim, otherwise we will kill you.” The Prophet (blessings be upon him and his family) entered and shut his door upon himself, distressed by their words. Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to him from Allah at that very moment and said: “O Muhammad, al-Salām sends you peace, and He says to you: Therefore declare openly what you are bidden and turn aside from the polytheists — meaning: make your mission manifest to the people of Mecca and call them to faith.” He said: “O Gabriel, what shall I do about the mockers and what they have threatened me with?” He said to him: Surely We will suffice you against the scoffers. He said: “O Gabriel, they were just now before me.” He said: “You have been sufficed against them.” So he made his mission manifest then. As for the rest of the pharaohs, they were killed by the sword on the Day of Badr, and Allah routed the host, and they turned their backs.’”

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:46/252.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:46/252.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:47/252.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:47/252.

_8) -الإحتجاج:210.

- al-Iḥtijāj: 210.

[1] في المصدر زيادة:و ابن مسعود.

[1] fī al-maṣdar ziyāda: wa Ibn Mas‘ūd.

[2] كعت عن الشيء أكيع لغة كععت عنه أكعّ إذا هبته و جبنت عنه.«لسان العرب-كوع-8:317».

[2] ka‘atu ‘an al-shay’ akī‘u lughatan ka‘a‘tu ‘anhu akka‘u idhā hibta-hu wa jabunta ‘anhu. “Lisān al-‘Arab – kaw‘ – 8:317.”

99-/5954 _9-علي بن إبراهيم،في معنى الآية:في معنى الآية:فإنها نزلت بمكّة،بعد أن نبئ رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)بثلاث سنين،و ذلك أن النبوّة نزلت على رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)يوم الاثنين،و أسلم علي(عليه السلام)يوم الثلاثاء،ثم أسلمت خديجة بنت خويلد زوج النبيّ(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله).ثم دخل أبو طالب إلى النبيّ(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)و هو يصلي، و علي(عليه السلام)بجنبه،و كان مع أبي طالب جعفر،فقال له أبو طالب:صل جناح ابن عمك؛فوقف جعفر عن يسار رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)،فبدر رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)من بينهما،فكان رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)يصلي، و علي(عليه السلام)و جعفر و زيد بن حارثة و خديجة يأتمون به فلما أتى لذلك ثلاث سنين [1] أنزل اللّه عليه: فَاصْدَعْ بِمٰا تُؤْمَرُ وَ أَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ* إِنّٰا كَفَيْنٰاكَ الْمُسْتَهْزِئِينَ .

و كان المستهزئون برسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)خمسة:الوليد بن المغيرة،و العاص بن وائل،و الأسود بن المطلب،و الأسود بن عبد يغوث،و الحارث بن الطلاطلة الخزاعيّ.أما الوليد فكان رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)دعا عليه لما كان يبلغه من إيذائه و استهزائه،

فَقَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ أَعْمِ بَصَرَهُ،وَ أَثْكِلْهُ بِوَلَدِهِ» فعمي بصره،و قتل ولده ببدر، و كذلك دعا على الأسود بن عبد يغوث و الحارث بن طلاطلة الخزاعيّ،فمر الوليد بن المغيرة برسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)و معه جبرئيل(عليه السلام)،فقال جبرئيل(عليه السلام):يا محمد،هذا الوليد بن المغيرة،و هو من المستهزئين بك.قال:نعم.و قد كان مر برجل من خزاعة على باب المسجد و هو يريش نبلا،فوطئ على بعضها، فأصاب عقبه قطعة من ذلك فدميت،فلما مر بجبرئيل(عليه السلام)أشار إلى ذلك الموضع،فرجع الوليد إلى منزله، و نام على سريره،و كانت ابنته نائمة أسفل منه،فانفجر الموضع الذي أشار إليه جبرئيل(عليه السلام)أسفل عقبه، فسال منه الدم حتّى صار إلى فراش ابنته،فانتبهت ابنته،فقالت:يا جارية،انحل وكاء [2] القربة.قال الوليد:ما هذا وكاء القربة،و لكنه دم أبيك،فاجمعي لي ولدي و ولد أخي فإني ميت.فجمعتهم،فقال لعبد اللّه بن أبي ربيعة:إن عمارة بن الوليد بأرض الحبشة بدار مضيقة [3]،فخذ كتابا من محمّد إلى النجاشيّ أن يرده.ثم قال لابنه هاشم،و هو أصغر ولده:يا بني،أوصيك بخمس خصال فاحفظها:أوصيك بقتل أبي درهم الدوسي،فإنه غلبني على امرأتي و هي بنته،و لو تركها و بعلها كانت تلد لي ابنا مثلك،و دمي في خزاعة،و ما تعمدوا قتلي،و أخاف أن تنسوا بعدي، و دمي في بني خزيمة بن عامر،و دياتي في ثقيف فخذها،و لأسقف نجران علي مائتا دينار فاقضها،ثمّ فاضت نفسه.

و مر الأسود بن المطلب برسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)،فأشار جبرئيل(عليه السلام)إلى بصره فعمي و مات.و مر به الأسود بن عبد يغوث،فأشار جبرئيل(عليه السلام)إلى بطنه،فلم يزل يستسقي حتّى انشق بطنه.و مر العاص بن وائل، فأشار جبرئيل(عليه السلام)إلى رجليه،فدخل عود في أخمص قدمه،و خرج من ظاهره و مات.و مر الحارث بن الطلاطلة،فأشار جبرئيل(عليه السلام)إلى وجهه،فخرج إلى جبال تهامة،فأصابتها من السماء ديم،فاستسقى حتّى انشق بطنه،و هو قول اللّه: إِنّٰا كَفَيْنٰاكَ الْمُسْتَهْزِئِينَ .

فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَامَ عَلَى الْحِجْرِ،فَقَالَ:«يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ،يَا مَعْشَرَ الْعَرَبِ،أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ،وَ آمُرُكُمْ بِخَلْعِ الْأَنْدَادِ وَ الْأَصْنَامِ،فَأَجِيبُونِي تَمْلِكُوا بِهَا الْعَرَبَ،وَ تَدِينُ لَكُمُ الْعَجَمُ،وَ تَكُونُوا مُلُوكاً فِي الْجَنَّةِ» فاستهزءوا منه،و قالوا:جن محمّد بن عبد اللّه،و لم يجسروا عليه لموضع أبي طالب.فاجتمعت قريش إلى أبي طالب،فقالوا:يا أبا طالب،إن ابن أخيك قد سفه أحلامنا،و سب آلهتنا،و أفسد شباننا،و فرق جماعتنا فإن كان يحمله على ذلك العدمُ،جمعنا له مالا،فيكون أكثر قريش مالا،و نزوجه أيّ امرأة شاء من قريش.

فقال له أبو طالب:ما هذا،يا ابن أخي؟

فَقَالَ: «يَا عَمِّ،هَذَا دِينُ اللَّهِ،الَّذِي ارْتَضَاهُ لِأَنْبِيَائِهِ وَ رُسُلِهِ،بَعَثَنِيَ اللَّهُ رَسُولاً إِلَى النَّاسِ».

فَقَالَ:يَا ابْنَ أَخِي،إِنَّ قَوْمَكَ قَدْ أَتَوْنِي يَسْأَلُونِّي أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ أَنْ تَكُفَّ عَنْهُمْ.فَقَالَ:«يَا عَمِّ،لاَ أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أُخَالِفَ أَمْرَ رَبِّي» فكف عنه أبو طالب.

ثمّ اجتمعوا إلى أبي طالب،فقالوا:أنت سيد من ساداتنا،فادفع إلينا محمّدا لنقتله،و تملك علينا.فقال أبو طالب قصيدته الطويلة،منها:

و لما رأيت القوم لا ود عندهم

و قد قطعوا أكل العرى و الوسائل

كذبتم و بيت اللّه يبزى محمد

و لما نطاعن دونه و نناضل

و نسلمه حتّى نصرع حوله

و نذهل عن أبنائنا و الحلائل

فلما اجتمعت قريش على قتل رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)،و كتبوا الصحيفة القاطعة،جمع أبو طالب بني هاشم [2]،و حلف لهم بالبيت و الركن و المقام و المشاعر في الكعبة،لئن شاكت محمّدا شوكة لآتين عليكم يا بني هاشم.فأدخله الشعب،و كان يحرسه بالليل و النهار،قائما على رأسه بالسيف أربع سنين.

فلما خرجوا من الشعب حضرت أبا طالب الوفاة،فدخل عليه رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)و هو يجود بنفسه،

فَقَالَ: «يَا عَمِّ،رَبَّيْتَ صَغِيراً وَ كَفَّلْتَ يَتِيماً،فَجَزَاكَ اللَّهُ عَنِّي خَيْراً،أَعْطِنِي كَلِمَةً أَشْفَعْ لَكَ بِهَا عِنْدَ رَبِّي»؛فَرُوِيَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى أَعْطَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الرِّضَا،وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«لَوْ قُمْتُ الْمَقَامَ الْمَحْمُودَ لَشَفَعْتُ فِي أَبِي وَ أُمِّي وَ عَمِّي،وَ أَخٍ كَانَ لِي مُؤَاخِياً فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ».

99-/5954 _9- ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, on the meaning of the verse: It was revealed in Mecca after the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) had been commissioned for three years. Prophethood descended upon the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) on a Monday; ‘Alī (peace be upon him) accepted Islam on Tuesday; then Khadīja bt. Khuwaylid, the Prophet’s wife (blessings be upon him and his family), accepted Islam. Then Abū Ṭālib entered upon the Prophet (blessings be upon him and his family) while he was praying, and ‘Alī (peace be upon him) was beside him, and with Abū Ṭālib was Ja‘far. Abū Ṭālib said to him: ‘Support your cousin.’ So Ja‘far stood to the left of the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family), and the Messenger of Allah stepped forward between them; the Messenger of Allah prayed while ‘Alī, Ja‘far, Zayd b. Ḥāritha, and Khadīja followed him. When three years [1] had passed, Allah revealed to him: Therefore declare openly what you are bidden and turn aside from the polytheists; Surely We will suffice you against the scoffers.

The mockers of the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) were five: al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra, al-‘Āṣ b. Wā’il, al-Aswad b. al-Muṭṭalib, al-Aswad b. ‘Abd Yaghūth, and al-Ḥārith b. al-Ṭalāṭila al-Khuzā‘ī. As for al-Walīd, the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) invoked against him, due to the harm and mockery that reached him from him, saying: “O Allah, blind his sight and bereave him of his child.” So his sight was blinded and his son was killed at Badr. Likewise he invoked against al-Aswad b. ‘Abd Yaghūth and al-Ḥārith b. al-Ṭalāṭila al-Khuzā‘ī. Al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra passed by the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) while Gabriel (peace be upon him) was with him. Gabriel said: ‘O Muhammad, this is al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra; he is among those who mock you.’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He had passed by a man from Khuza‘a at the door of the mosque who was fletching arrows, and he stepped on some of them; a shard struck his heel and bled. When he passed by Gabriel, [Gabriel] pointed to that spot. Al-Walīd returned home and lay on his bed, while his daughter was sleeping below him. The spot to which Gabriel pointed burst beneath his heel, and blood flowed until it reached his daughter’s bedding. She awoke and said: ‘Girl, the cord [2] of the water-skin has loosened!’ Al-Walīd said: ‘This is not the cord of the water-skin, but your father’s blood. Gather my sons and my brother’s sons for me, for I am dying.’ She gathered them. He said to ‘Abd Allāh b. Abī Rabī‘a: ‘‘Amāra b. al-Walīd is in the land of Abyssinia in cramped quarters [3]; take a letter from Muhammad to the Negus to return him.’ Then he said to his son Hāshim, the youngest of his sons: ‘My son, I commend to you five things; guard them: I commend you to kill Abū Dirham al-Dawsī, for he overpowered me regarding my wife and she is his daughter; had he left her with her husband, she would have borne me a son like you. My blood is upon Khuza‘a — they did not intend to kill me, but I fear you will forget after me. My blood is upon Banū Khuzayma b. ‘Āmir, and my blood-money is with Thaqīf, so take it. The bishop of Najrān owes me two hundred dinars, so settle it.’ Then his soul departed.

Al-Aswad b. al-Muṭṭalib passed by the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family); Gabriel pointed to his sight, and he was blinded and died. Al-Aswad b. ‘Abd Yaghūth passed by him; Gabriel pointed to his belly; he kept seeking water until his belly split. Al-‘Āṣ b. Wā’il passed by; Gabriel pointed to his legs; a stick entered the hollow of his foot, came out the other side, and he died. Al-Ḥārith b. al-Ṭalāṭila passed by; Gabriel pointed to his face; he went out to the mountains of Tihāma; a steady rain struck them from the sky; he sought to quench his thirst until his belly split — and this is Allah’s saying: Surely We will suffice you against the scoffers.

The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) went out, stood upon al-Ḥijr, and said: ‘O assembly of Quraysh, O assembly of the Arabs! I call you to bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah, and I command you to cast off rivals and idols. Answer me, and you will rule the Arabs thereby; the non-Arabs will submit to you; and you will be kings in Paradise.’ They mocked him and said: ‘Muhammad b. ‘Abd Allāh has gone mad,’ but they did not dare assault him due to Abū Ṭālib’s position. Quraysh gathered to Abū Ṭālib and said: ‘O Abū Ṭālib, your nephew has made fools of our minds, reviled our gods, corrupted our youths, and divided our unity. If it is poverty that drives him, we will gather wealth for him so that he will be the wealthiest of Quraysh, and we will marry him to whichever woman of Quraysh he wishes.’

Abū Ṭālib said to him: ‘What is this, O nephew?’ He said: ‘O uncle, this is the religion of Allah, which He has approved for His prophets and messengers; Allah has sent me as a messenger to the people.’ He said: ‘O nephew, your people have come to me asking me to ask you to desist from them.’ He said: ‘O uncle, I cannot oppose the command of my Lord.’ So Abū Ṭālib withheld [them] from him.

Then they gathered to Abū Ṭālib and said: ‘You are a chief among our chiefs. Hand Muhammad over to us so we may kill him, and you will rule over us.’ Abū Ṭālib recited his long ode, among it:

“When I saw the people had no affection for him,

And had cut off all ropes and means,

You lie — by the House of Allah — that Muḥammad be subdued,

While we do not thrust and defend for him,

And that we surrender him until we fall slain around him,

And forget our sons and our wives.”

When Quraysh agreed upon killing the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) and wrote the cutting document, Abū Ṭālib gathered Banū Hāshim [2] and swore to them by the House, the Corner, the Station, and the rites in the Ka‘ba: ‘If Muḥammad be pricked by a thorn, I will come upon you, O Banū Hāshim.’ He entered him into the Shi‘b and guarded him night and day, standing at his head with the sword for four years.

When they came out of the Shi‘b, death approached Abū Ṭālib. The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) entered upon him while he was in his death-throes and said: ‘O uncle, you raised me small and sheltered me an orphan; may Allah reward you well on my behalf. Give me a word by which I may intercede for you with my Lord.’ It is related that he did not leave this world until he gave the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) his satisfaction. The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) said: ‘If I stand in the Praised Station, I will intercede for my father, my mother, my uncle, and a brother who befriended me in the Jāhiliyya.’”

_9) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:378.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:378.

[1] في«ط»:سنتين.

[1] fī “Ṭ”: sanatayn.

[2] الوكاء:خيط يشدّ به السّرّة و الكيس و القربة و نحوها.«مجمع البحرين-وكأ-1:453».

[2] al-wikā’: khayṭ yushaddu bihi al-surra wa al-kīs wa al-qirba wa naḥwu-hā. “Majma‘ al-Baḥrayn – wakā’ – 1:453.”

[3] في المصدر:مضيعة.

[3] fī al-maṣdar: maḍī‘a.

99-/5955 _10- ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ وَ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ،قَالُوا:سَمِعْنَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،يَقُولُ: «لَمَّا حَجَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)حَجَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ نَزَلَ بِالْأَبْطَحِ،وَ وُضِعَتْ لَهُ وِسَادَةٌ فَجَلَسَ عَلَيْهَا،ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ،وَ بَكَى بُكَاءً شَدِيداً،ثُمَّ قَالَ:يَا رَبِّ،إِنَّكَ وَعَدْتَنِي فِي أَبِي وَ أُمِّي وَ عَمِّي أَلاَّ تُعَذِّبَهُمْ بِالنَّارِ-قَالَ-فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ:أَنِّي آلَيْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَلاَّ يَدْخُلَ جَنَّتِي إِلاَّ مَنْ شَهِدَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّكَ عَبْدِي وَ رَسُولِي،وَ لَكِنِ ائْتِ الشِّعْبَ فَنَادِهِمْ،فَإِنْ أَجَابُوكَ فَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ لَهُمْ رَحْمَتِي.فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلَى الشِّعْبِ،فَنَادَاهُمْ،وَ قَالَ:يَا أَبَتَاهْ،وَ يَا أُمَّاهْ،وَ يَا عَمَّاهْ،فَخَرَجُوا يَنْفُضُونَ التُّرَابَ عَنْ رُءُوسِهِمْ،فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):أَ لاَ تَرَوْنَ إِلَى هَذِهِ الْكَرَامَةِ الَّتِي أَكْرَمَنِيَ اللَّهُ بِهَا؟ فَقَالُوا:نَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ حَقّاً حَقّاً،وَ أَنَّ جَمِيعَ مَا أَتَيْتَ بِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ الْحَقُّ.فَقَالَ:اِرْجِعُوا إِلَى مَضَاجِعِكُمْ.

وَ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مَكَّةَ وَ قَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مِنَ الْيَمَنِ،فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):أَ لاَ أُبَشِّرُكَ،يَا عَلِيُّ؟فَقَالَ:بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي،لَمْ تَزَلْ مُبَشِّراً.فَقَالَ:أَ لاَ تَرَى إِلَى مَا رَزَقَنَا اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي سَفَرِنَا هَذَا؟وَ أَخْبَرَهُ الْخَبَرَ.فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ-قَالَ-فَأَشْرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فِي بَدَنَتِهِ أَبَاهُ وَ أُمَّهُ وَ عَمَّهُ».

99-/5955 _10- Then ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, from Ibn Abī ‘Umayr, from Sayf b. ‘Umayra, ‘Abd Allāh b. Sinān, and Abū Ḥamza al-Thumālī; they said: We heard Abū ‘Abd Allāh Ja‘far b. Muḥammad (peace be upon them) say: “When the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) performed the Farewell Pilgrimage, he encamped at al-Abṭaḥ. A cushion was set for him and he sat upon it, then he raised his hand to the sky and wept intensely. Then he said: ‘My Lord, You promised me regarding my father, my mother, and my uncle that You would not punish them with the Fire.’ So Allah revealed to him: ‘I have sworn upon Myself that none shall enter My Garden except one who bears witness that there is no god but Allah and that you are My servant and My messenger. But go to the ravine and call them; if they answer you, My mercy has become incumbent for them.’ The Prophet (blessings be upon him and his family) went to the ravine and called them: ‘O my father! O my mother! O my uncle!’ They came out shaking the dust from their heads. The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) said to them: ‘Do you not see this honor with which Allah has honored me?’ They said: ‘We bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that you are truly, truly the Messenger of Allah, and that all that you have brought from Allah is the truth.’ He said: ‘Return to your resting places.’

“The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) entered Mecca, and ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him) arrived to him from Yemen. The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) said: ‘Shall I not give you glad tidings, O ‘Alī?’ He said: ‘May my father and mother be ransomed for you; you have ever been a bearer of glad tidings.’ He said: ‘Do you not see what Allah, Blessed and Exalted, has bestowed on us in our journey?’ and he informed him of the matter. ‘Alī (peace be upon him) said: ‘Praise be to Allah.’ He [the narrator] said: So the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) associated his father, his mother, and his uncle in his sacrificial camels.”

_10) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:380.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:380.

[1] يبزى:أي يقهر و يغلب،أراد لا يبزى فحذف(لا)من جواب القسم،و هي مراده،أي لا يقهر و لم نقاتل عنه و ندافع.«النهاية 1:125».

[1] yubzā: ayy yuqhar wa yughleb; arāda lā yubzā fa-ḥadhafa (lā) min jawāb al-qasam wa hiya murādahu; ayy lā yuqhar wa lam nuqātil ‘anhu wa nudāfi‘. “al-Nihāya 1:125.”

[2] في المصدر:لأبثنّ عليكم بني هاشم.

[2] fī al-maṣdar: la-abthann ‘alaykum Banī Hāshim.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ يَضِيقُ صَدْرُكَ بِمٰا يَقُولُونَ* فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَ كُنْ مِنَ السّٰاجِدِينَ [97-98]

Qur’an 15:97-98 (al-Hijr)

And certainly We know that your breast straitens at what they say. Therefore celebrate the praise of your Lord, and be of those who make obeisance. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/5956 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيِّ جَمِيعاً،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَصْفَهَانِيِّ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ،عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «يَا حَفْصُ إِنَّ مَنْ صَبَرَ صَبَرَ قَلِيلاً،وَ مَنْ جَزِعَ جَزِعَ قَلِيلاً،ثُمَّ قَالَ:عَلَيْكَ بِالصَّبْرِ فِي جَمِيعِ أُمُورِكَ،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَعَثَ مُحَمَّداً(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَأَمَرَهُ بِالصَّبْرِ وَ الرِّفْقِ،فَقَالَ: وَ اصْبِرْ عَلىٰ مٰا يَقُولُونَ وَ اهْجُرْهُمْ هَجْراً جَمِيلاً* وَ ذَرْنِي وَ الْمُكَذِّبِينَ أُولِي النَّعْمَةِ [1]،وَ قَالَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: اِدْفَعْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ فَإِذَا الَّذِي بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَهُ عَدٰاوَةٌ كَأَنَّهُ وَلِيٌّ حَمِيمٌ* وَ مٰا يُلَقّٰاهٰا إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا وَ مٰا يُلَقّٰاهٰا إِلاّٰ ذُو حَظٍّ عَظِيمٍ [2]فَصَبَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)حَتَّى نَالُوهُ بِالْعَظَائِمِ وَ رَمَوْهُ بِهَا،فَضَاقَ صَدْرُهُ،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ: وَ لَقَدْ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ يَضِيقُ صَدْرُكَ بِمٰا يَقُولُونَ* فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَ كُنْ مِنَ السّٰاجِدِينَ ».

99-/5956 _1- Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb: From ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, from his father, and ‘Alī b. Muḥammad al-Qāsānī, both from al-Qāsim b. Muḥammad al-Iṣfahānī, from Sulaymān b. Dāwūd al-Minqarī, from Ḥafṣ b. Ghiyāth, who said: Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) said: “O Ḥafṣ, whoever is patient is patient only a little, and whoever is impatient is impatient only a little. Then he said: Adhere to patience in all your affairs, for Allah, Mighty and Majestic, sent Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family) and commanded him to be patient and gentle, saying: And be patient over what they say, and avoid them with a gracious avoidance; And leave Me [to deal] with the deniers, the possessors of ease [1]. And He, Blessed and Exalted, said: Repel [evil] with that which is best; then behold, he between whom and you is enmity will be as though he were a devoted friend. And none are granted it except those who are patient, and none are granted it except one having a great portion [2]. The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) was patient until they afflicted him with great enormities and hurled them at him, so his breast became constricted; then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed to him: And certainly We know that your breast straitens at what they say. Therefore celebrate the praise of your Lord, and be of those who make obeisance.”

/5957 _2-و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم:ثم قال اللّه: وَ لَقَدْ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ يَضِيقُ صَدْرُكَ بِمٰا يَقُولُونَ أي بما يكذبونك،و يذكرون اللّه فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَ كُنْ مِنَ السّٰاجِدِينَ

/5957 _2- And ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: Then Allah said: And certainly We know that your breast straitens at what they say — that is, by their calling you a liar and [the way] they mention Allah — Therefore celebrate the praise of your Lord, and be of those who make obeisance.

_1) -الكافي 2:3/71.

- al-Kāfī 2:3/71.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:381.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:381.

[1] المزّمّل 73:10 و 11.

[1] al-Muzzammil 73:10 wa 11.

[2] فصّلت 41:34 و 35.

[2] Fuṣṣilat 41:34 wa 35.