An-Nahl Ayah 1-2

النحل آيه 1-2

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ أَتىٰ أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ سُبْحٰانَهُ وَ تَعٰالىٰ عَمّٰا يُشْرِكُونَ* يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةَ بِالرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلىٰ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ مِنْ عِبٰادِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرُوا أَنَّهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ أَنَا فَاتَّقُونِ [1-2]

[Qur’an 16:1-2] Allah's commandment has come, therefore do not seek to hasten it; glory be to Him, and highly exalted is He above what they associate (with Him). He sends down the angels with the Spirit by His command on whom He pleases of His servants, saying: Give the warning that there is no god but Me, therefore be careful of (your duty to) Me. (M. H. Shakir)

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النُعْمَانِيُّ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ،عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْعَلَوِيِّ،قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: أَتىٰ أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ . قَالَ:«هُوَ أَمْرُنَا،أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ لاَ يُسْتَعْجَلُ بِهِ حَتَّى يُؤَيِّدَهُ اللَّهُ بِثَلاَثَةِ أَجْنَادٍ:اَلْمَلاَئِكَةِ،وَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَ الرُّعْبِ،وَ خُرُوجُهُ كَخُرُوجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: كَمٰا أَخْرَجَكَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَيْتِكَ بِالْحَقِّ».

And al-Nu‘mānī said: Muhammad b. Ibrahim al-Nu‘mānī—‘Ali b. Ahmad—‘Ubayd Allah b. Musa al-‘Alawi—‘Ali b. al-Husayn—‘Ali b. Hassan—‘Abd al-Rahman b. Kathir—from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) regarding His saying, “Allah’s command has come, so do not seek to hasten it.” He said: “It is our matter. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, commanded that it not be hastened until Allah supports it with three hosts: the angels, the believers, and terror. His advent will be like the advent of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and that is His saying: ‘As your Lord caused you to go forth from your house with the truth’ [Qur’an 8:5].” And al-Mufid narrated it in al-Ghaybah with his chain from ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Kathir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him).

_1) الغَيْبَة: 43/243 — al-Ghaybah: 43/243

_2) دلائلُ الإمامة: 252 — Dalā’il al-Imāmah: 252

[1] في المصدر: ألاّ تستعجل.

[2] الأنفال 8:5.

[3] أخرجه في تأويل الآيات عن المفيد في(الغيبة)1:1/252 و لعلّ مراد صاحب تأويل الآيات من المفيد:النعمانيّ.

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أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ فِي(مُسْنَدِ فَاطِمَةَ):قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْمُفَضَّلِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ يُونُسَ الْخَزَّازُ،عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ قِيَامَ الْقَائِمِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،بَعَثَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي صُورَةِ طَائِرٍ أَبْيَضَ،فَيَضَعُ إِحْدَى رِجْلَيْهِ عَلَى الْكَعْبَةِ وَ الْأُخْرَى عَلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ،ثُمَّ يُنَادِي بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ أَتىٰ أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ -قَالَ-فَيَحْضُرُ الْقَائِمُ فَيُصَلِّي عِنْدَ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ،ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُ وَ حَوَالَيْهِ أَصْحَابُهُ،وَ هُمْ ثَلاَثُمِائَةٍ وَ ثَلاَثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلاً،إِنَّ فِيهِمْ لَمَنْ يَسْرِي مِنْ فِرَاشِهِ لَيْلاً فَيَخْرُجُ وَ مَعَهُ الْحَجَرُ،فَيُلْقِيهِ فَتَعْشُبُ الْأَرْضُ».

Abu Ja‘far Muhammad b. Jarir al-Tabari in Musnad Fatimah: He said: Abu al-Mufaddal Muhammad b. ‘Abd Allah informed me—Muhammad b. Hammam—Ja‘far b. Muhammad b. Malik—‘Ali b. Yunus al-Khazzaz—Isma‘il b. ‘Umar b. Aban—from his father—from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “When Allah wills the rising of al-Qa’im (peace be upon him), Gabriel (peace be upon him) will be sent in the form of a white bird. He will place one foot on the Ka‘bah and the other on Bayt al-Maqdis, then he will call out at the top of his voice: ‘Allah’s command has come, so do not seek to hasten it.’ Then al-Qa’im will appear, and he will pray two rak‘ahs at the Station of Ibrahim, then he will depart while his companions—three hundred and thirteen men—are around him. Among them will be one who travels by night from his bed; he will go out carrying the stone, then cast it, and the earth will grow green.”

_3) كمالُ الدين و تمامُ النعمة: 18/671 — Kamāl al-Dīn wa Tamām al-Ni‘mah: 18/671

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ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ،عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ،عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ يُبَايِعُ الْقَائِمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَنْزِلُ فِي صُورَةِ طَيْرٍ أَبْيَضَ فَيُبَايِعُهُ،ثُمَّ يَضَعُ رِجْلاً عَلَى بَيْتِ اللَّهِ الْحَرَامِ وَ رِجْلاً عَلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ،ثُمَّ يُنَادِي بِصَوْتٍ طَلْقٍ يَسْمَعُهُ الْخَلاَئِقُ: أَتىٰ أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ ».

Ibn Babawayh said: Muhammad b. al-Hasan b. Ahmad b. al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us—Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Saffar—Ya‘qub b. Yazid—Muhammad b. Abi ‘Umayr—Aban b. ‘Uthman—Aban b. Taghlib, who said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “The first to pledge allegiance to al-Qa’im (peace be upon him) will be Gabriel (peace be upon him). He will descend in the form of a white bird and pledge allegiance to him. Then he will place one foot on the Sacred House of Allah and one foot on Bayt al-Maqdis, then call out in a clear voice that all creatures hear: ‘Allah’s command has come, so do not seek to hasten it.’”

_4) الكافي 1: 6/215 — al-Kāfī 1: 6/215

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلاَءِ،عَنْ سَعْدٍ الْإِسْكَافِ،قَالَ: أَتَى رَجُلٌ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الرُّوحِ،أَ لَيْسَ هُوَ جَبْرَئِيلَ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،وَ الرُّوحُ غَيْرُ جَبْرَئِيلَ»فَكَرَّرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:لَقَدْ قُلْتَ عَظِيماً مِنَ الْقَوْلِ،مَا أَحَدٌ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ الرُّوحَ غَيْرُ جَبْرَئِيلَ. فَقَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«إِنَّكَ ضَالٌّ تَرْوِي عَنْ أَهْلِ الضَّلاَلِ،يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِنَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): أَتىٰ أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ سُبْحٰانَهُ وَ تَعٰالىٰ عَمّٰا يُشْرِكُونَ* يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةَ بِالرُّوحِ وَ الرُّوحُ غَيْرُ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ».

Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: from Muhammad b. Yahya—from Muhammad b. al-Husayn—from ‘Ali b. Asbat—from al-Husayn b. Abi al-‘Ala’—from Sa‘d al-Iskaf, who said: A man came to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) and asked him about the Spirit: “Is it not Gabriel?” The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said to him: “Gabriel (peace be upon him) is one of the angels, and the Spirit is other than Gabriel.” The man repeated this to him, and said: “You have said something grave; no one claims that the Spirit is other than Gabriel.” He replied: “You are misguided and transmit from people of misguidance. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): ‘Allah’s command has come, so do not seek to hasten it; glory be to Him and highly exalted is He above what they associate. He sends down the angels with the Spirit…’ and the Spirit is other than the angels.”

_5) مختصرُ بصائرِ الدرجات: 3 — Mukhtasar Basā’ir al-Darajāt: 3

[1] (يفقّههم)ليس في المصدر.

[2] في «ط»: و بهما قد استعبد الخلق.

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سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ،وَ مُوسَى بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الصَّيْقَلِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةَ بِالرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلىٰ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ مِنْ عِبٰادِهِ . فَقَالَ:«جَبْرَئِيلُ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ،وَ الرُّوحُ يَكُونُ مَعَهُمْ وَ مَعَ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ،لاَ يُفَارِقُهُمْ،يُفَقِّهُهُمْ وَ يُسَدِّدُهُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ،وَ أَنَّهُ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ،مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ،وَ بِهِمَا عُبِدَ اللَّهِ وَ اسْتَعْبَدَ الْخَلْقَ عَلَى هَذَا،الْجِنَّ وَ الْإِنْسَ وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ،وَ لَمْ يَعْبُدِ اللَّهَ مَلَكٌ وَ لاَ إِنْسٌ وَ لاَ جَانٌّ إِلاَّ بِشَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ،وَ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلْقاً إِلاَّ لِعِبَادَتِهِ».

Sa‘d b. ‘Abd Allah said: Muhammad b. ‘Isa b. ‘Ubayd, and Muhammad b. al-Husayn, and Musa b. ‘Umar b. Yazid al-Sayqal narrated to us—from ‘Ali b. Asbat—from ‘Ali b. Abi Hamzah—from Abu Basir—from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him about Allah’s saying: “He sends down the angels with the Spirit by His command upon whom He pleases of His servants.” He said: “(It is) Gabriel who was sent down to the prophets, and the Spirit is with them and with the trustees; it does not leave them. It instructs them and sets them aright from Allah: that there is no god but He, (and that) Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Through these two Allah has been worshipped and has subjected creation to this—jinn, humankind, and the angels. No angel, human, or jinn has worshipped Allah except by bearing witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. And Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has not created a creature except for His worship.”

_6) تفسيرُ العيّاشي 2: 2/254 — Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2: 2/254

_7) تفسيرُ العيّاشي 2: 3/254 — Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2: 3/254

_8) تفسيرُ القمّيّ 1: 382 — Tafsīr al-Qummī 1: 382

_9) تفسيرُ القمّيّ 1: 382 — Tafsīr al-Qummī 1: 382

[1] زاد في المصدر: و لا نبيّ.

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الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ أَتىٰ أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ . قَالَ:«إِذَا أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِشَيْءٍ إِلَى الْوَقْتِ فَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ أَتىٰ أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتُ».وَ قَالَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا أَخْبَرَ أَنَّ شَيْئاً كَائِنٌ فَكَأَنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ».

Al-‘Ayyashi: from Hisham b. Salim—from some of our companions—from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him about Allah’s saying, “Allah’s command has come, so do not seek to hasten it.” He said: “When Allah informs the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) of something for a (set) time, that is His saying, ‘Allah’s command has come, so do not seek to hasten it,’ until that time comes.” He also said: “When Allah informs that a thing will be, it is as though it has already been.”

_6) تفسيرُ العيّاشي 2: 2/254 — Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2: 2/254

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عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «أَنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ يُبَايِعُ الْقَائِمَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،يَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِ فِي صُورَةِ طَيْرٍ أَبْيَضَ فَيُبَايِعُهُ،ثُمَّ يَضَعُ رِجْلاً عَلَى الْبَيْتِ الْحَرَامِ وَ رِجْلاً عَلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ،ثُمَّ يُنَادِي بِصَوْتٍ رَفِيعٍ يَسْمَعُ الْخَلاَئِكَ: أَتىٰ أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ ». وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى عَنْ أَبَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،نَحْوَهُ.

From Aban b. Taghlib—from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): “The first to pledge allegiance to al-Qa’im will be Gabriel (peace be upon him). He will descend to him in the form of a white bird and pledge allegiance to him. Then he will place one foot on the Sacred House and one foot on Bayt al-Maqdis, then call out in a loud voice that the creatures hear: ‘Allah’s command has come, so do not seek to hasten it.’” And in another narration from Aban—from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), similar to it.

_7) تفسيرُ العيّاشي 2: 4/254 — Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2: 4/254

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و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم: نزلت لمَّا سألتْ قريش رسولَ اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)أن ينزل عليهم العذاب، فأنزل اللّه تبارك و تعالى: أَتىٰ أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ و قوله: يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةَ بِالرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ يعني بالقوة التي جعلها اللّه فيهم.

And ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: It was revealed when Quraysh asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) to bring down punishment upon them. So Allah, Blessed and Exalted, revealed: “Allah’s command has come, so do not seek to hasten it,” and His saying, “He sends down the angels with the Spirit by His command,” meaning the power which Allah has placed in them.

_8) تفسيرُ القمّيّ 1: 382 — Tafsīr al-Qummī 1: 382

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ثُمَّ قَالَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ عَلىٰ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ مِنْ عِبٰادِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرُوا أَنَّهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ أَنَا فَاتَّقُونِ يَقُولُ:«بِالْكِتَابِ وَ النُّبُوَّةِ».

Then he said: And in the narration of Abu al-Jarud—from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “upon whom He pleases of His servants (saying): Give the warning that there is no god but I; so be careful of (your duty to) Me,” he said: “(It is) with the Book and the Prophethood.”

_9) تفسيرُ القمّيّ 1: 382 — Tafsīr al-Qummī 1: 382

قوله تعالى:

خَلَقَ الْإِنْسٰانَ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ فَإِذٰا هُوَ خَصِيمٌ مُبِينٌ -إلى قوله تعالى- حِينَ تُرِيحُونَ وَ حِينَ تَسْرَحُونَ [4-6]

[Qur’an 16:4-6] He created man from a small seed and lo! he is an open contender. And the cattle, He created them for you; you have in them warm clothing and (many) advantages, and of them do you eat. And there is beauty in them for you when you drive them to rest in the evening and when you lead them forth to pasture in the morning. (M. H. Shakir)

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و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم،في قوله: خَلَقَ الْإِنْسٰانَ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ فَإِذٰا هُوَ خَصِيمٌ مُبِينٌ قال:خلقه من …

And ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, regarding His saying, “He created man from a small seed and lo! he is an open contender,” said: He created him from …

_1) تفسيرُ القمّيّ 1: 382 — Tafsīr al-Qummī 1: 382