S 3 A 144

بِحَجَرٍ فَأَصَابَ بِهِ [1] رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَسَقَطَ السَّيْفُ مِنْ يَدِهِ،فَقَالَ:قَتَلْتُهُ وَ اللاَّتِ وَ الْعُزَّى.فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«كَذَبْتَ،لَعَنَكَ [2] اللَّهُ»فَرَمَاهُ بِحَجَرٍ آخَرَ فَأَصَابَ جَبْهَتَهُ،فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«اللَّهُمَّ حَيِّرْهُ»فَلَمَّا انْكَشَفَ النَّاسُ تَحَيَّرَ،فَلَحِقَهُ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَقَتَلَهُ.وَ سَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَى ابْنِ قَمِيئَةَ الشَّجَرَ،وَ كَانَ يَمُرُّ بِالشَّجَرَةِ فَيَقَعُ وَسْطَهَا فَتَأْخُذُ مِنْ لَحْمِهِ،فَلَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى صَارَ مِثْلَ الصِّرِّ [3]،وَ مَاتَ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ.

وَ رَجَعَ الْمُنْهَزِمُونَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ: أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ وَ لَمّٰا يَعْلَمِ اللّٰهُ الَّذِينَ جٰاهَدُوا مِنْكُمْ يَعْنِي وَ لَمَّا يَرَ،لِأَنَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ عَلِمَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ مَنْ يُجَاهِدُ وَ مَنْ لاَ يُجَاهِدُ،فَأَقَامَ الْعِلْمَ مَقَامَ الرُّؤْيَةِ،لِأَنَّهُ يُعَاقِبُ النَّاسَ بِفِعْلِهِمْ لاَ بِعِلْمِهِ.

English: He struck with a stone and hit the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), and the sword fell from his hand. He said, “I have killed him, by al-Lat and al-‘Uzza!” The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said, “You lie; may Allah curse you.” He threw another stone at him and struck his forehead. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said, “O Allah, confound him.” When the people dispersed, he became bewildered; ‘Ammar ibn Yasir caught up with him and killed him. Allah set the trees against Ibn Qami’ah: whenever he passed by a tree, he would fall into its midst and it would tear flesh from him, and he continued thus until he became like a little yellow bird, and he died—may Allah curse him. Those who had fled from among the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) returned, and Allah revealed to His Messenger: “Or did you think that you would enter the Garden while yet Allah has not known those of you who strive” meaning “and while He has not yet seen,” for Mighty and Majestic is He had known beforehand who would strive and who would not; so He set knowledge in the place of seeing, because He punishes people for their actions, not for His knowledge.

Qur’an (Al ‘Imran 3:142): أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ وَلَمَّا يَعْلَمِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ جَاهَدُوا مِنْكُمْ وَيَعْلَمَ الصَّابِرِينَ

Shakir: Or do you think that you would enter the garden while yet Allah has not known those who strive hard from among you, and (He has not) known the patient.

[1] في«ط»:يد.

Transliteration: fi “T”: yad.

[2] في المصدر:كذب لعنه.

Transliteration: fi al-masdar: kadhiba la‘anahu.

[3] الصرّ:طائر كالعصفور أصفر.

Transliteration: al-sirr: ta’ir ka-l-‘usfur asfar.

99-/1930 _3- عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: كَانَ يَقُولُ:«وَ اللَّهِ[لاَ يَكُونُ]الَّذِي تَمُدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ أَعْنَاقَكُمْ حَتَّى تُمَيَّزُوا وَ تُمَحَّصُوا،ثُمَّ يَذْهَبَ مِنْ كُلِّ عَشْرَةٍ شَيْءٌ،وَ لاَ يَبْقَى مِنْكُمْ إِلاَّ الْأَنْدَرُ،ثُمَّ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ وَ لَمّٰا يَعْلَمِ اللّٰهُ الَّذِينَ جٰاهَدُوا مِنْكُمْ وَ يَعْلَمَ الصّٰابِرِينَ ».

English: 99-/1930 — ‘Abdullah ibn Ja‘far al-Himyari, with his chain from Ja‘far (peace be upon him), said: He used to say, “By Allah, the one to whom you stretch your necks [will not be] until you are distinguished and purified. Then from every ten, something will depart, and none of you will remain except the rarest. Then he recited this verse: ‘Or did you think that you would enter the Garden while yet Allah has not known those of you who strive, and (He has not) known the patient’ (Al ‘Imran 3:142, Shakir).”

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُمْ تَمَنَّوْنَ الْمَوْتَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَلْقَوْهُ فَقَدْ رَأَيْتُمُوهُ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ[143]

English: His saying, the Exalted: And certainly you desired death before you met it; so indeed you have seen it and you look on (Al ‘Imran 3:143, Shakir).

99-/1931 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُمْ تَمَنَّوْنَ الْمَوْتَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَلْقَوْهُ الْآيَةَ:«فَإِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَمَّا أَخْبَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِالَّذِي فَعَلَ بِشُهَدَائِهِمْ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَ مَنَازِلِهِمْ فِي الْجَنَّةِ رَغِبُوا فِي ذَلِكَ،فَقَالُوا:اَللَّهُمَّ أَرِنَا قِتَالاً نَسْتَشْهِدُ فِيهِ.فَأَرَاهُمُ اللَّهُ إِيَّاهُ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ،فَلَمْ يَثْبُتُوا إِلاَّ مَنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُمْ تَمَنَّوْنَ الْمَوْتَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَلْقَوْهُ »الْآيَةَ.

English: 99-/1931 — ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: In the narration of Abu al-Jarud, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His words, “And certainly you desired death before you met it” (the verse): “When Allah informed the believers of what He did for their martyrs on the day of Badr and their stations in Paradise, they longed for that and said, ‘O Allah, show us a battle in which we are martyred.’ Allah showed it to them on the day of Uhud, but they did not stand firm—except those whom Allah willed among them. That is His saying: ‘And certainly you desired death before you met it’ (Al ‘Imran 3:143, Shakir).”

قوله تعالى:

وَ مٰا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاّٰ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ مٰاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ اِنْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ سَيَجْزِي اللّٰهُ الشّٰاكِرِينَ[144]

English: His saying, the Exalted: And Muhammad is no more than an apostle; the apostles have already passed away before him; if then he dies or is killed will you turn back on your heels? And whoever turns back upon his heels, he will by no means do harm to Allah in the least and Allah will reward the grateful (Al ‘Imran 3:144, Shakir).

99-/1932 _1-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:إن رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)لما خرج يوم أحد و عهد العاهد به على تلك الحال،فجعل الرجل يقول لمن لقيه:إن رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)قد،قتل النجاء النجاء [1].فلما رجعوا إلى المدينة أنزل اللّه: وَ مٰا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاّٰ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ إلى قوله تعالى: اِنْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ يقول:إلى الكفر.

English: 99-/1932 — ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) went out on the day of Uhud and the one who pledged allegiance to him was in that condition, a man began to say to whomever he met, “The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) has been killed—escape, escape!” When they returned to Medina, Allah revealed: “And Muhammad is no more than an apostle … will you turn back on your heels” meaning: to disbelief (Al ‘Imran 3:144, Shakir).

99-/1933 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ حَنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «كَانَ النَّاسُ أَهْلَ رِدَّةٍ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلاَّ ثَلاَثَةً».

فَقُلْتُ:وَ مَنِ الثَّلاَثَةُ؟فَقَالَ:«الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ،وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ،وَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ(رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَ بَرَكَاتُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ)،ثُمَّ عَرَفَ أُنَاسٌ بَعْدَ يَسِيرٍ».وَ قَالَ:«هَؤُلاَءِ الَّذِينَ دَارَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الرَّحَى،وَ أَبَوْا أَنْ يُبَايِعُوا حَتَّى جَاءُوا بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مُكْرَهاً فَبَايَعَ،وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مٰا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاّٰ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ مٰاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ وَ مَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَضُرَّ اللّٰهَ شَيْئاً وَ سَيَجْزِي اللّٰهُ الشّٰاكِرِينَ ».

English: 99-/1933 — Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub, with his chain from Hanan, from his father, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), said: “The people became apostates after the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) except for three.” I said, “And who are the three?” He said, “Al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad, Abu Dharr al-Ghifari, and Salman al-Farsi (may Allah’s mercy and blessings be upon them). Then, after a little while, some people came to recognize.” He said: “These are the ones upon whom the millstone turned, and they refused to pledge allegiance until they brought the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) coerced, and he pledged allegiance. And that is the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And Muhammad is no more than an apostle … and Allah will reward the grateful’ (Al ‘Imran 3:144, Shakir).”

99-/1934 _3- عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِنَّ الْعَامَّةَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ بَيْعَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ حَيْثُ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ كَانَتْ رِضًا لِلَّهِ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ،وَ مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِيَفْتِنَ أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مِنْ بَعْدِهِ.

فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«أَ وَ مَا يَقْرَءُونَ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ؟أَ وَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ: وَ مٰا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاّٰ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ مٰاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ وَ مَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَضُرَّ اللّٰهَ شَيْئاً وَ سَيَجْزِي اللّٰهُ الشّٰاكِرِينَ ؟.

قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:إِنَّهُمْ يُفَسِّرُونَ عَلَى وَجْهٍ آخَرَ.

فَقَالَ:«أَ وَ لَيْسَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنِ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ أَنَّهُمْ قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ،حَيْثُ قَالَ: وَ آتَيْنٰا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ الْبَيِّنٰاتِ وَ أَيَّدْنٰاهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ وَ لَوْ شٰاءَ اللّٰهُ مَا اقْتَتَلَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مٰا جٰاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّنٰاتُ وَ لٰكِنِ اخْتَلَفُوا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَفَرَ وَ لَوْ شٰاءَ اللّٰهُ مَا اقْتَتَلُوا وَ لٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَفْعَلُ مٰا يُرِيدُ [2]».

English: 99-/1934 — From him: with his chain from Ibn Mahbub, from ‘Amr ibn Abi al-Miqdam, from his father, who said: I said to Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), “The common people claim that the allegiance to Abu Bakr, when the people gathered for it, was pleasing to Allah—glorious is His mention—and that Allah Most High would not test the Ummah of Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) after him.” Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “Do they not read the Book of Allah? Does not Allah say: ‘And Muhammad is no more than an apostle … will you turn back on your heels? … and Allah will reward the grateful’?” I said to him, “They interpret this in another way.” He said: “Has not Allah, Mighty and Majestic, informed about those nations before them that they differed after clear proofs had come to them, where He said: ‘And We gave Jesus, son of Mary, clear signs and strengthened him with the Holy Spirit; and if Allah had pleased, those after them would not have fought after clear signs had come to them, but they differed; so of them are those who believe and of them are those who disbelieve, and if Allah had pleased they would not have fought, but Allah does what He wills’ (Al-Baqara 2:253, Shakir).”

_3) -قرب الإسناد:162.

Transliteration: Qurb al-Isnād: 162.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:119.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:119.

[1] أي انجوا بأنفسكم.

Transliteration: ay inju bi-anfusikum.

[2] البقرة 2:253.

Transliteration: al-Baqara 2:253.

99-/1935 _4- أَمَالِي الشَّيْخِ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ): أَنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: وَ مٰا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاّٰ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ مٰاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ وَ اللَّهِ لاَ نَنْقَلِبُ عَلَى أَعْقَابِنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَانَا اللَّهُ وَ لَئِنْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ لَأُقَاتِلَنَّ عَلَى مَا قَاتَلَ [1] عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى أَمُوتَ،وَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَخُوهُ وَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ وَ وَارِثُهُ،فَمَنْ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنِّي؟».

English: 99-/1935 — Al-Amali of al-Shaykh, with his chain from Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him): that ‘Ali (peace be upon him) used to say during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family): “Indeed Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: ‘And Muhammad is no more than an apostle … will you turn back on your heels?’ By Allah, we will not turn back on our heels after Allah has guided us; and if he dies or is killed, I will surely fight for what he fought for until I die. By Allah, I am his brother, his cousin, and his heir; who has more right to him than I?”

[1] في«ط»:أو قتل قاتلت.

Transliteration: fi “T”: aw qutila qātalt.

99-/1936 _5-ابن شهرآشوب،عن سعيد بن جبير،عن ابن عبّاس،في قوله تعالى: أَ فَإِنْ مٰاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ وَ مَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَضُرَّ اللّٰهَ شَيْئاً وَ سَيَجْزِي اللّٰهُ الشّٰاكِرِينَ يعني بالشاكرين [2] علي بن أبي طالب(عليه السلام)،و المرتدين على أعقابهم:الذين ارتدوا عنه.

English: 99-/1936 — Ibn Shahrashub, from Sa‘id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn ‘Abbas, regarding His saying: “If then he dies or is killed will you turn back on your heels? And whoever turns back upon his heels, he will by no means do harm to Allah in the least and Allah will reward the grateful”: He meant by “the grateful” ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him), and by those who turn back on their heels: those who turned away from him.

[2] في المصدر زيادة:صاحبك.

Transliteration: fi al-masdar ziyādah: sāhibuka.

99-/1937 _6- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «كَانَ النَّاسُ أَهْلَ رِدَّةٍ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلاَّ ثَلاَثَةً».

فَقُلْتُ:وَ مَنِ الثَّلاَثَةُ؟ قَالَ:«الْمِقْدَادُ،وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ،وَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ»ثُمَّ عَرَفَ أُنَاسٌ بَعْدَ يَسِيرٍ،فَقَالَ:«هَؤُلاَءِ الَّذِينَ دَارَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الرَّحَى،وَ أَبَوْا أَنْ يُبَايِعُوا حَتَّى جَاءُوا بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مُكْرَهاً فَبَايَعَ،وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: وَ مٰا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاّٰ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ مٰاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ وَ مَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَضُرَّ اللّٰهَ شَيْئاً وَ سَيَجْزِي اللّٰهُ الشّٰاكِرِينَ ».

English: 99-/1937 — Al-‘Ayyashi: from Hanan ibn Sadir, from his father, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “The people became apostates after the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) except three.” I said, “Who are the three?” He said, “Al-Miqdad, Abu Dharr, and Salman al-Farsi.” Then, after a little while, some people came to recognize. He said: “These are the ones upon whom the millstone turned, and they refused to pledge allegiance until they brought the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) coerced, and he pledged allegiance. And that is the saying of Allah: ‘And Muhammad is no more than an apostle … and Allah will reward the grateful’ (Al ‘Imran 3:144, Shakir).”

99-/1938 _7- عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لَمَّا قُبِضَ صَارَ النَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ أَهْلَ جَاهِلِيَّةٍ إِلاَّ أَرْبَعَةً:عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ الْمِقْدَادُ،وَ سَلْمَانُ،وَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ»فَقُلْتُ:فَعَمَّارٌ؟فَقَالَ:«إِنْ كُنْتَ تُرِيدُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْهُمْ شَيْءٌ فَهَؤُلاَءِ الثَّلاَثَةُ».

English: 99-/1938 — From al-Fudayl ibn Yasār, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) was taken, the people all became people of jahiliyyah except four: ‘Ali (peace be upon him), al-Miqdad, Salman, and Abu Dharr.” I said, “And ‘Ammar?” He said, “If you mean those into whom nothing entered, then these three.”

99-/1939 _8- عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ فِي كَلاَمٍ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ: «يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ اسْمُهُ وَ عَزَّ جُنْدُهُ لَمْ يَقْبِضْ نَبِيّاً قَطُّ حَتَّى يَكُونَ لَهُ فِي أُمَّتِهِ مَنْ يَهْدِي بِهُدَاهُ،وَ يَقْصِدُ سِيرَتَهُ، وَ يَدُلُّ عَلَى مَعَالِمِ سَبِيلِ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ»ثُمَّ قَرَأَ: وَ مٰا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاّٰ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ .

English: 99-/1939 — From al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah, who said: I heard the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) say in a discourse of his on the Day of the Camel: “O people, surely Allah—blessed is His name and mighty His hosts—has never taken a prophet until there is in his community one who guides by his guidance, follows his conduct, and points out the landmarks of the path of truth which Allah has made obligatory upon His servants.” Then he recited: “And Muhammad is no more than an apostle; the apostles have already passed away before him” (Al ‘Imran 3:144, Shakir).

_4) -الأمالي 2:116،ترجمة الإمام عليّ(عليه السّلام)لابن عساكر 1:153/127،الرياض النضرة 3:206،فرائد السمطين 1:175/224.

Transliteration: al-Amālī 2:116; Tarjamat al-Imām ‘Alī (‘alayhi al-salām) li-Ibn ‘Asākir 1:153/127; al-Riyād al-Naḍrah 3:206; Farā’id al-Simṭayn 1:175/224.

_5) -المناقب 2:120.

Transliteration: al-Manāqib 2:120.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:148/199.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:148/199.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:149/199.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:149/199.

_8) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:150/200.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:150/200.

99-/1940 _9- عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِنَّ الْعَامَّةَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ بَيْعَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ حَيْثُ اجْتَمَعَ لَهَا النَّاسُ كَانَتْ رِضًا لِلَّهِ،وَ مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيَفْتِنَ أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ.

فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«أَ وَ مَا يَقْرَءُونَ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ؟أَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ: وَ مٰا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاّٰ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ مٰاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ ؟»الْآيَةَ.

قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:إِنَّهُمْ يُفَسِّرُونَ هَذَا عَلَى وَجْهٍ آخَرَ.

قَالَ:فَقَالَ:«أَ وَ لَيْسَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ أَنَّهُمُ اخْتَلَفُوا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ،حِينَ قَالَ: وَ آتَيْنٰا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ الْبَيِّنٰاتِ وَ أَيَّدْنٰاهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَفَرَ [1]الْآيَةَ،فَفِي هَذَا مَا يُسْتَدَلُّ بِهِ عَلَى أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ،فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ، وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَفَرَ».

English: 99-/1940 — From ‘Amr ibn Abi al-Miqdam, from his father, who said: I said to Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), “The common people claim that the allegiance to Abu Bakr, when people gathered for it, was pleasing to Allah, and that Allah would not test the Ummah of Muhammad after him.” Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “Do they not read the Book of Allah? Does not Allah say: ‘And Muhammad is no more than an apostle … will you turn back on your heels?’” I said to him, “They interpret this in another way.” He said: “Did not Allah inform about those before them from among the nations that they differed after clear proofs came to them, where He said: ‘And We gave Jesus, son of Mary, clear signs and strengthened him with the Holy Spirit … so of them are those who believe and of them are those who disbelieve’ (Al-Baqara 2:253, Shakir)? In this is what proves that the companions of Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) differed after him: among them are those who believed, and among them are those who disbelieved.”

99-/1941 _10- عَنْ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ «تَدْرُونَ مَاتَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَوْ قُتِلَ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: أَ فَإِنْ مٰاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ فَسُمَّ قَبْلَ الْمَوْتِ،إِنَّهُمَا سَقَتَاهُ»فَقُلْنَا:إِنَّهُمَا وَ أَبَوَيْهِمَا شَرُّ مَنْ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ.

English: 99-/1941 — From ‘Abd al-Samad ibn Bashir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “Do you know whether the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) died or was killed? Indeed Allah says, ‘If then he dies or is killed will you turn back on your heels?’ He was poisoned before death; the two of them gave it to him to drink.” We said, “They two, and their two parents, are the worst whom Allah created.”

99-/1942 _11- عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُنْذِرِ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: أَ فَإِنْ مٰاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ الْقَتْلُ أَوِ الْمَوْتُ؟قَالَ:«يَعْنِي أَصْحَابَهُ الَّذِينَ فَعَلُوا مَا فَعَلُوا».

English: 99-/1942 — From al-Husayn ibn al-Mundhir, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about His saying: “If then he dies or is killed will you turn back on your heels”—is it killing or death? He said: “He means his companions who did what they did.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ مٰا كٰانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تَمُوتَ إِلاّٰ بِإِذْنِ اللّٰهِ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ اللّٰهُ يُحِبُّ الصّٰابِرِينَ[145-146]

English: His saying, the Exalted: And it is not for any soul to die except by Allah’s permission, at an appointed term; and whoever desires the reward of this world, We will give him of it, and whoever desires the reward of the hereafter, We will give him of it; and We will reward the grateful. And how many a prophet has fought with whom were many worshippers of the Lord; so they did not become weak-hearted on account of what befell them in Allah’s way, nor did they lose heart, nor did they abase themselves; and Allah loves the patient (Al ‘Imran 3:145–146, Shakir). [Note: reading variant appears below.]

99-/1943 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ الصَّيْقَلِ،أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) يَقْرَأُ:«وَ كَأَيِّنْ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ قُتِلَ [2] مَعَهُ رِبِّيُّونَ كَثِيرٌ»قَالَ:«أُلُوفٌ وَ أُلُوفٌ-ثُمَّ قَالَ-إِي وَ اللَّهِ يُقْتَلُونَ».

English: 99-/1943 — Al-‘Ayyashi: from Mansur ibn al-Sayqal, that he heard Abu ‘Abdillah Ja‘far ibn Muhammad (peace be upon them) recite: “And how many a prophet was killed, and with him were many devoted ones” [qutila]. He said, “Thousands and thousands.” Then he said, “Yes, by Allah, they are killed.”

_9) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:151/200.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:151/200.

_10) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:152/200.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:152/200.

_11) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:153/200.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:153/200.

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:154/201.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:154/201.

[1] البقرة 2:253.

Transliteration: al-Baqara 2:253.

[2] قال الطبرسيّ(رحمه اللّه):قرأ أهل البصرة و ابن كثير و نافع(قتل)بضم القاف بغير ألف،و هي قراءة ابن عبّاس،و الباقون«قاتل»بألف،و هي قراءة ابن مسعود.«مجمع البيان 2:853».

Transliteration: qāla al-Ṭabrisī (raḥimahu Allāh): qara’a ahl al-Baṣrah wa Ibn Kathīr wa Nāfi‘ (qutila) bi-ḍamm al-qāf bi-ghayr alif, wa hiya qirā’at Ibn ‘Abbās, wa al-bāqūn “qātala” bi-alif, wa hiya qirā’at Ibn Mas‘ūd. “Majma‘ al-Bayān 2:853”.