Yusuf Ayah 109

يوسف آيه 109

99-/5418 _15- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ مَوْلَى طِرْبَالٍ،عَنْ هِشَامٍ الْجَوَالِيقِيِّ،قَالَ:

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: سُبْحٰانَ اللّٰهِ مَا يُعْنَى بِهِ؟قَالَ:«تَنْزِيهُهُ».

99-/5418 _15- And from him: He said, Muhammad b. al-Hasan b. Ahmad b. al-Walid narrated to us; he said: Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Saffar narrated to us, from Muhammad b. al-Husayn b. Abi al-Khattab, from Ali b. Asbat, from Sulayman, the client of Tirbal, from Hisham al-Jawaliqi, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the word of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “Subhan Allah — what does it mean?” He said: “It is His transcendence (declaring Him free from imperfection).”

99-/5419 _16- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الشَّعْرَانِيُّ الْعَمَّارِيُّ،مِنْ وُلْدِ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْبَاقِي الْأَذَنِيُّ بِأَذَنَةَ [1]،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْمَعَانِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ،عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَيْزَارِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَجَّارٍ [2]،عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْأَصَمِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ،فَقَالَ:يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،مَا تَفْسِيرُ سُبْحٰانَ اللّٰهِ ؟ فَقَالَ:إِنَّ فِي هَذَا الْحَائِطِ رَجُلاً كَانَ إِذَا سُئِلَ أَنْبَأَ،وَ إِذَا سَكَتَّ ابْتَدَأَ [3].فَدَخَلَ الرَّجُلُ فَإِذَا هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ:يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مَا تَفْسِيرُ سُبْحٰانَ اللّٰهِ ؟قَالَ:«هُوَ تَعْظِيمُ جَلاَلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.وَ تَنْزِيهُهُ عَمَّا قَالَ فِيهِ كُلُّ مُشْرِكٍ،فَإِذَا قَالَهَا الْعَبْدُ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ كُلُّ مَلَكٍ».

99-/5419 _16- And from him: He said, Abdullah b. Muhammad b. Abd al-Wahhab narrated to us; he said: Abu al-Hasan Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Abdullah b. Hamzah al-Sha‘rani al-‘Ammari — of the descendants of Ammar b. Yasir (may Allah have mercy on him) — informed us; he said: Abu Muhammad Ubaydullah b. Yahya b. Abd al-Baqi al-Adhani at Adhana [1] narrated to us; he said: Ali b. al-Hasan al-Ma‘ani narrated to us; he said: Abdullah b. Yazid, from Yahya b. Uqbah b. Abi al-‘Ayzar; he said: Muhammad b. Hajar [2], from Yazid b. al-Asamm, who said: A man asked Umar b. al-Khattab: “O Commander of the Faithful, what is the interpretation of ‘Subhan Allah’?” He said: “In this enclosure is a man who, when asked, informs, and when you are silent, he initiates [3].” The man entered, and it was Ali b. Abi Talib (peace be upon him). He said: “O Abu al-Hasan, what is the interpretation of ‘Subhan Allah’?” He replied: “It is the magnification of the Majesty of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and declaring Him above what every polytheist has said about Him. When the servant says it, every angel sends blessings upon him.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ إِلاّٰ رِجٰالاً نُوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرىٰ [109]

(Qur’an 12:109) And We did not send before you any but men from among the people of the towns, to whom We sent revelations; have they not travelled in the land and seen how was the end of those before them? And certainly the abode of the hereafter is better for those who guard (against evil); do you not then understand? (M. H. Shakir)

99-/5420 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ الْمُفَسِّرُ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْجُرْجَانِيِّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ،عَنْ أَبَوَيْهِمَا،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى،عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)-فِي حَدِيثٍ-قَالَ فِيهِ مُخَاطِباً: «أَ وَ لَسْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يُخْلِ الدُّنْيَا مِنْ نَبِيٍّ قَطُّ أَوْ إِمَامٍ مِنَ الْبَشَرِ؟أَ وَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ يَعْنِي إِلَى الْخَلْقِ: إِلاّٰ رِجٰالاً نُوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرىٰ ؟فَأَخْبَرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْعَثِ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ،فَيَكُونُوا أَئِمَّةً وَ حُكَّاماً،وَ إِنَّمَا أُرْسِلُوا إِلَى أَنْبِيَاءِ اللَّهِ».

99-/5420 _1- Ibn Babawayh said: Muhammad b. al-Qasim, the exegete known as Abu al-Hasan al-Jurjani (may Allah be pleased with him), narrated to us; he said: Yusuf b. Muhammad b. Ziyad and Ali b. Muhammad b. Sayyar, from their two fathers, from al-Hasan b. Ali, from his father Ali b. Muhammad, from his father Muhammad b. Ali, from his father Ali b. Musa, from his father Musa b. Ja‘far, from his father al-Sadiq Ja‘far b. Muhammad (peace be upon them) — in a hadith — said addressing [someone]: “Do you not know that Allah, Exalted, has never left the world without a prophet or an imam from among human beings? Does not Allah, Exalted, say: ‘And We did not send before you — meaning to the creation — any but men to whom We sent revelation, from the people of the towns’? Thus He informed that He did not send the angels to the earth to be imams and rulers; rather, they were sent to the prophets of Allah.”

_15) -معاني الأخبار:2/9.

_15) - Ma‘ani al-Akhbar: 2/9.

_16) -التوحيد:1/311.

_16) - al-Tawhid: 1/311.

_1) -عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام)1:1/270.

_1) - ‘Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (alayhi al-salam) 1:1/270.

[1] أذنة:بلد من الثّغور قرب المصّيصة-من ثغور الشام-خرج منه جماعة من أهل العلم و سكنه آخرون.«معجم البلدان 1:133».

[1] Adhana: baladun min al-thughur qurb al-Masissah — min Thughur al-Sham — kharaja minhu jama‘atun min ahli al-‘ilm wa sakana-hu akharun. “Mu‘jam al-Buldan 1:133.”

[2] الظاهر أنّه محمّد بن جحادة.انظر تاريخ بغداد 14:112.

[2] al-Zahir annahu Muhammad b. Jahadah. Unzur Tarikh Baghdad 14:112.

[3] في«ط»:أنبأ.

[3] fi “T”: anba’a.

قوله تعالى:

حَتّٰى إِذَا اسْتَيْأَسَ الرُّسُلُ وَ ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كُذِبُوا جٰاءَهُمْ نَصْرُنٰا [110]

(Qur’an 12:110) Until when the apostles despaired and the people became sure that they had indeed been told a lie, Our help came to them, and whom We pleased was delivered; and Our punishment is not averted from the guilty people. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/5421 _1- قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «وَكَلَهُمْ إِلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ،فَظَنُّوا أَنَّ الشَّيَاطِينَ قَدْ تَمَثَّلَتْ لَهُمْ فِي صُورَةِ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ».

99-/5421 _1- Ali b. Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me, from Muhammad b. Abi Umayr, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “He left them to themselves, so they thought that the devils had appeared to them in the forms of angels.”

99-/5422 _2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا تَمِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ النَّيْسَابُورِيِّ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ،قَالَ: حَضَرْتُ مَجْلِسَ الْمَأْمُونِ وَ عِنْدَهُ الرِّضَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،أَ لَيْسَ مِنْ قَوْلِكَ،أَنَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ مَعْصُومُونَ؟قَالَ:«بَلَى»وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ فِيهِ:فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: حَتّٰى إِذَا اسْتَيْأَسَ الرُّسُلُ وَ ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كُذِبُوا جٰاءَهُمْ نَصْرُنٰا .

قَالَ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتَيْأَسَ الرُّسُلُ مِنْ قَوْمِهِمْ،وَ ظَنَّ قَوْمُهُمْ أَنَّ الرُّسُلَ قَدْ كُذِبُوا، جَاءَ الرُّسُلَ نَصْرُنَا».

99-/5422 _2- Ibn Babawayh said: Tamim b. Abdullah b. Tamim al-Qurashi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us; he said: My father narrated to me, from Hamdan b. Sulayman al-Naysaburi, from Ali b. Muhammad b. al-Jahm, who said: I attended the session of al-Ma’mun while with him was al-Rida, Ali b. Musa (peace be upon him). Al-Ma’mun said to him: “O son of the Messenger of Allah, is it not your position that the prophets are infallible?” He said: “Indeed.” He mentioned the hadith until he said therein: Al-Ma’mun said to Abu al-Hasan (peace be upon him): “Inform me about the saying of Allah, Exalted: ‘Until when the messengers despaired and thought that they had been denied, Our help came to them.’”

Al-Rida (peace be upon him) said: “Allah, Exalted, says: ‘Until when the messengers despaired of their people, and their people thought that the messengers had lied, Our help came to the messengers.’”

99-/5423 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: حَتّٰى إِذَا اسْتَيْأَسَ الرُّسُلُ وَ ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كُذِبُوا .مُخَفَّفَةً،قَالَ:«ظَنَّتِ الرُّسُلُ أَنَّ الشَّيَاطِينَ تَمَثَّلَ لَهُمْ عَلَى صُورَةِ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ».

99-/5423 _3- Al-‘Ayyashi: From Abu Basir, from Abu Ja‘far and Abu Abdillah (peace be upon them both), regarding Allah’s saying: “Until when the messengers despaired and thought that they had been denied” — with takhfif (lightly vocalized) — he said: “The messengers thought that the devils had appeared to them in the forms of angels.”

99-/5424 _4- عَنِ ابْنِ شُعَيْبٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «وَكَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ إِلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَقَلَّ مِنْ طَرْفَةِ عَيْنٍ».

99-/5424 _4- From Ibn Shu‘ayb, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “Allah left them to themselves for less than the blink of an eye.”

99-/5425 _5- عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: أَمَّا أَهْلُ الدُّنْيَا فَقَدْ أَظْهَرُوا الْكَذِبَ،وَ مَا كَانُوا إِلاَّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ وَكَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ إِلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ لِيَمُنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ».

99-/5425 _5- From Ya‘qub, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “As for the people of the world, they have displayed falsehood; they were only among those whom Allah left to themselves so that He might bestow favor upon them.”

99-/5426 _6- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَارُونَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «مَا عَلِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ بِالتَّوْفِيقِ».

99-/5426 _6- From Muhammad b. Harun, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) did not know that Gabriel was from Allah except by [divine] success (tawfiq).”

99-/5427 _7- عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):كَيْفَ لَمْ يَخَفْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فِيمَا يَأْتِيهِ مِنْ

99-/5427 _7- From Zurara, who said: I said to Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him): “How was it that the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) did not fear regarding what came to him from—”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:358.

_1) - Tafsir al-Qummi 1:358.

_2) -عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام)1:1/201.

_2) - ‘Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (alayhi al-salam) 1:1/201.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:102/201.

_3) - Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:102/201.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:103/201.

_4) - Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:103/201.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:104/201.

_5) - Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:104/201.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:105/201.

_6) - Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:105/201.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:106/201.

_7) - Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:106/201.