S 114 Ayat 1 to 6

قوله تعالى:

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النّٰاسِ* مَلِكِ النّٰاسِ* إِلٰهِ النّٰاسِ* مِنْ شَرِّ الْوَسْوٰاسِ الْخَنّٰاسِ* اَلَّذِي يُوَسْوِسُ فِي صُدُورِ النّٰاسِ* مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَ النّٰاسِ [1-6]

His saying, the Exalted:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of men, The King of men, The God of men, From the evil of the whispering, elusive one, Who whispers in the breasts of men, From among the jinn and the men. [Surah al-Nās, 114:1–6, M.H. Shakir]

/12071 _1-علي بن إبراهيم:و إنّما هو: أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النّٰاسِ* مَلِكِ النّٰاسِ* إِلٰهِ النّٰاسِ* مِنْ شَرِّ الْوَسْوٰاسِ الْخَنّٰاسِ اسم الشيطان الذي هو في صدور الناس يوسوس فيها و يؤيسهم من الخير و يعدهم الفقر، و يحملهم على المعاصي و الفواحش و هو قول اللّه عزّ و جلّ اَلشَّيْطٰانُ يَعِدُكُمُ الْفَقْرَ وَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالْفَحْشٰاءِ [1].

/12071 _1 ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm: And it is [the meaning of His saying]: “I seek refuge in the Lord of men, the King of men, the God of men, from the evil of the whispering, elusive one” — the name of the Shayṭān who is in the breasts of people, whispering in them, making them despair of goodness, promising them poverty, and driving them toward sins and indecencies.

And this is the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “The Shayṭān threatens you with poverty and enjoins you to indecency” (2:268).

99-/12072 _2- وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «مَا مِنْ قَلْبٍ إِلاَّ وَ لَهُ أُذُنَانِ،عَلَى أَحَدِهِمَا مَلَكٌ مُرْشِدٌ،وَ عَلَى الْآخَرِ شَيْطَانٌ مُفَتِّنٌ،هَذَا يَأْمُرُهُ وَ هَذَا يَزْجُرُهُ،وَ كَذَلِكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ شَيْطَانٌ يَحْمِلُ النَّاسَ عَلَى الْمَعَاصِي،كَمَا يَحْمِلُ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنَ الْجِنِّ».

99-/12072 _2 And al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him) said: "There is no heart except that it has two ears — upon one of them is an angel who guides, and upon the other is a shayṭān who incites. One commands him, and the other deters him. And likewise, among the people there is a human shayṭān who drives others to sin, just as the shayṭān from among the jinn does."

99-/12073 _3-ثم قال عليّ بن إبراهيم:حدّثنا سعيد بن محمّد،قال:حدّثنا بكر بن سهل،عن عبد الغني بن سعيد الثقفي،عن موسى بن عبد الرحمن،عن مقاتل بن سليمان،عن الضحّاك بن مزاحم،عن ابن عبّاس،في قوله: مِنْ شَرِّ الْوَسْوٰاسِ الْخَنّٰاسِ يريد الشيطان(لعنه اللّه)على قلب ابن آدم،له خرطوم مثل خرطوم الخنزير، يوسوس لابن آدم إذا أقبل على الدنيا و ما لا يحب اللّه،فإذا ذكر اللّه عزّ و جلّ انخنس،يريد رجع،قال اللّه عزّ و جلّ:

اَلَّذِي يُوَسْوِسُ فِي صُدُورِ النّٰاسِ ثم أخبر أنّه من الجن و الإنس،فقال عزّ و جلّ: مِنَ الْجِنَّةِ وَ النّٰاسِ يريد من الجن و الإنس.

99-/12073 _3 Then ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm said: Saʿīd ibn Muḥammad narrated to us, he said: Bakr ibn Sahl narrated to us, from ʿAbd al-Ghanī ibn Saʿīd al-Thaqafī, from Mūsā ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, from Muqātil ibn Sulaymān, from al-Ḍaḥḥāk ibn Muzāḥim, from Ibn ʿAbbās — regarding His saying: “From the evil of the whispering, elusive one” (114:4), he meant the Shayṭān (may Allah curse him), who is upon the heart of the son of Ādam. He has a snout like the snout of a pig. He whispers to the son of Ādam when he turns toward the world and what Allah does not love. But when he remembers Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, he withdraws — meaning, he retreats.

Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, said: “Who whispers in the breasts of men” (114:5). Then He informed that he is from among the jinn and humans, saying: “From among the jinn and the men” (114:6) — meaning: from both the jinn and human beings.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:450.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:450.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:450.

[1] البقرة 2:268.

End of Page 818 in Arabic

99-/12074 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ،عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «مَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ إِلاَّ وَ لِقَلْبِهِ أُذُنَانِ فِي جَوْفِهِ،أُذُنٌ يَنْفُثُ فِيهِ الْوَسْوَاسُ الْخَنَّاسُ،وَ أُذُنٌ يَنْفُثُ فِيهِ الْمَلَكُ،فَيُؤَيِّدُ اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنَ بِالْمَلَكِ،فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: وَ أَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ [1]».

الطَّبْرِسِيُّ:رَوَى الْعَيَّاشِيُّ بِإِسْنَادِهِ،عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِعَيْنِهِ [2].

99-/12074 _1 Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb: from Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā, from Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā, from ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥakam, from Sayf ibn ʿUmayrah, from Abān ibn Taghlib, from Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said:

"There is no believer except that in his heart there are two ears: one into which the whispering, elusive one (al-waswās al-khannās) breathes, and one into which the angel breathes. So Allah supports the believer through the angel — and that is His saying: ‘and strengthened them with a spirit from Himself’ (58:22)."

Al-Ṭabrisī: al-ʿAyyāshī narrated with his chain from Abān ibn Taghlib, from Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad (peace be upon him), and he mentioned the same ḥadīth word for word.