Yusuf Ayah 108

يَرْتَكِبُونَ مِمَّا أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا النَّارَ،شِرْكُ طَاعَةٍ،أَطَاعُوا الشَّيْطَانَ وَ أَشْرَكُوا بِاللَّهِ فِي طَاعَتِهِ،وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِشِرْكِ عِبَادَةٍ، فَيَعْبُدُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ غَيْرَهُ».

They commit of the acts for which God has made the Fire obligatory: it is the shirk of obedience—they obeyed Satan and associated others with God in obedience to him. It is not the shirk of worship, such that they would worship another alongside God.

99-/5401 _10- عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ مٰا يُؤْمِنُ أَكْثَرُهُمْ بِاللّٰهِ إِلاّٰ وَ هُمْ مُشْرِكُونَ .

قَالَ:«هُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَقُولُ:لَوْ لاَ فُلاَنٌ لَهَلَكْتُ،وَ لَوْ لاَ فُلاَنٌ لَأَصَبْتُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا،وَ لَوْ لاَ فُلاَنٌ لَضَاعَ عِيَالِي،أَ لاَ تَرَى أَنَّهُ قَدْ جَعَلَ لِلَّهِ شَرِيكاً فِي مُلْكِهِ،يَرْزُقُهُ وَ يَدْفَعُ عَنْهُ».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ:فَيَقُولُ:لَوْ لاَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَنَّ عَلَيَّ بِفُلاَنٍ لَهَلَكْتُ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ،لاَ بَأْسَ بِهَذَا».

99-/5401 _10- From Malik b. ‘Aṭiyyah, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) regarding His saying: “And most of them do not believe in Allah without associating others” [Yūsuf 12:106]. He said: “It is when a man says, ‘Were it not for so-and-so, I would have perished; were it not for so-and-so, I would have obtained such-and-such; were it not for so-and-so, my dependents would have been lost.’ Do you not see that he has made for God a partner in His dominion—(as if) that one provides for him and wards off harm from him?” I said: “What if he says, ‘Were it not that God favored me by [sending] so-and-so, I would have perished’?” He said: “Yes, there is no harm in that.”

99-/5402 _11- عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «شِرْكُ طَاعَةٍ وَ لَيْسَ شِرْكَ عِبَادَةٍ فِي الْمَعَاصِي الَّتِي يَرْتَكِبُونَ،فَهِيَ شِرْكُ طَاعَةٍ،أَطَاعُوا فِيهَا الشَّيْطَانَ،فَأَشْرَكُوا فِي اللَّهِ فِي طَاعَةِ غَيْرِهِ،وَ لَيْسَ بِإِشْرَاكِ عِبَادَةٍ أَنْ يَعْبُدُوا غَيْرَهُ».

99-/5402 _11- From Zurārah, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him): “It is shirk of obedience, not shirk of worship, in the acts of disobedience they commit. It is shirk of obedience: they obeyed Satan therein and associated others with God in obeying other than Him. It is not associating in worship such that they worship another besides Him.”

99-/5403 _12- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الدَّقَّاقُ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكُوفِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبَرْمَكِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنِ الْعَرْشِ وَ الْكُرْسِيِّ،وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ:«وَ لَهُ الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَى الَّتِي لاَ يُسَمَّى بِهَا غَيْرُهُ،وَ هِيَ الَّتِي وَصَفَهَا فِي الْكِتَابِ،فَقَالَ: فَادْعُوهُ بِهٰا وَ ذَرُوا الَّذِينَ يُلْحِدُونَ فِي أَسْمٰائِهِ [1]جَهْلاً بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ،فَالَّذِي يُلْحِدُ فِي أَسْمَائِهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ،يُشْرِكُ وَ هُوَ لاَ يَعْلَمُ،وَ يَكْفُرُ بِهِ وَ هُوَ يَظُنُّ أَنَّهُ يُحْسِنُ،فَذَلِكَ قَالَ: وَ مٰا يُؤْمِنُ أَكْثَرُهُمْ بِاللّٰهِ إِلاّٰ وَ هُمْ مُشْرِكُونَ فَهُمُ الَّذِينَ يُلْحِدُونَ فِي أَسْمَائِهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ، فَيَضَعُونَهَا بِغَيْرِ مَوَاضِعِهَا».

و الحديث بتمامه يأتي-إن شاء اللّه تعالى-في قوله تعالى: هُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ [2]من سورة النمل.

99-/5403 _12- Ibn Bābawayh said: ‘Alī b. Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ‘Imrān al-Daqqāq (may God have mercy on him) narrated to us, he said: Muḥammad b. Abī ‘Abdillāh al-Kūfī narrated to us, he said: Muḥammad b. Ismā‘īl al-Barmakī narrated to us, he said: al-Ḥusayn b. al-Ḥasan narrated to us, he said: my father narrated to me, from Ḥanān b. Sadīr. He said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about the Throne and the Footstool, and he mentioned the hadith until he said: “His are the Most Beautiful Names, which none other is called by; they are those He described in the Book, for He said: ‘Therefore call on Him by them, and leave those who deviate concerning His names’ [1]—out of ignorance, without knowledge. So whoever deviates concerning His names without knowledge associates (others) without realizing, and disbelieves in Him while thinking he is doing good. It is about this that He said: ‘And most of them do not believe in Allah without associating others.’ They are those who deviate concerning His names without knowledge, placing them in other than their proper places.” The hadith in full will come—God willing—under His saying: “He is the Lord of the Mighty Throne” [2] in Sūrat al-Naml.

قوله تعالى:

قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللّٰهِ عَلىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي وَ سُبْحٰانَ اللّٰهِ وَ مٰا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ [108]

Say: This is my way: I call to Allah, I and those who follow me being certain; and glory be to Allah, and I am not one of the polytheists. [Yūsuf 12:108, M. H. Shakir]

99-/5404 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنِ الْأَحْوَلِ،عَنْ سَلاَّمِ بْنِ الْمُسْتَنِيرِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللّٰهِ عَلىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي ،قَالَ:«ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْأَوْصِيَاءُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)».

99-/5404 _1- Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb: from Muḥammad b. Yaḥyā, from Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ‘Īsā, from Ibn Maḥbūb, from al-Aḥwal, from Sallām b. al-Mustanīr, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying: “Say: This is my way...” He said: “That refers to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family), the Commander of the Faithful, and the legatees after them (peace be upon them).”

99-/5405 _2- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ:قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَسَّانَ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): يَا سَيِّدِي،إِنَّ النَّاسَ يُنْكِرُونَ عَلَيْكَ حَدَاثَةَ سِنِّكَ.

فَقَالَ:«وَ مَا يُنْكِرُونَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ [1]؟لَقَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِنَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللّٰهِ عَلىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا تَبِعَهُ إِلاَّ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ لَهُ تِسْعُ سِنِينَ،وَ أَنَا ابْنُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ».

99-/5405 _2- And from him: from ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, from his father. He said: ‘Alī b. Ḥassān said to Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), “My master, people find your young age objectionable.” He said: “And what do they find objectionable about that [1]? God, Mighty and Majestic, said to His Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family): ‘Say: This is my way...’ By God, none followed him except ‘Alī (peace be upon him), who was nine years old—and I am nine years old.”

99-/5406 _3- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ بُرَيْدٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الزُّبَيْرِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللّٰهِ عَلىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي .

قَالَ:«يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَوَّلُ مَنْ اتَّبَعَهُ عَلَى الْإِيمَانِ بِهِ وَ التَّصْدِيقِ لَهُ بِمَا جَاءَ بِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،مِنَ الْأُمَّةِ الَّتِي بُعِثَ فِيهَا وَ مِنْهَا وَ إِلَيْهَا قَبْلَ الْخَلْقِ،مِمَّنْ لَمْ يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ قَطُّ،وَ لَمْ يَلْبِسْ إِيمَانَهُ بِظُلْمٍ وَ هُوَ الشِّرْكُ».

99-/5406 _3- And from him: from ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, from his father, from Bakr b. Ṣāliḥ, from al-Qāsim b. Burayd, from Abū ‘Amr al-Zubayrī, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding His saying: “Say: This is my way...” He said: “It means ‘Alī (peace be upon him), the first who followed him upon faith in him and attestation of what he brought from God, Mighty and Majestic, from the community among whom—and from whom and to whom—he was sent, before the [rest of] creation; one who never associated partners with God at all, nor did he confound his faith with injustice, which is shirk.”

99-/5407 _4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):يَا سَيِّدِي،إِنَّ النَّاسَ يُنْكِرُونَ عَلَيْكَ حَدَاثَةَ سِنِّكَ.

قَالَ:«وَ مَا يُنْكِرُونَ عَلَيَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟فَوَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ لِنَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللّٰهِ عَلىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي فَمَا اتَّبَعَهُ غَيْرُ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ كَانَ ابْنَ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ-قَالَ-وَ أَنَا ابْنُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ».

99-/5407 _4- ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, from ‘Alī b. Asbāṭ. He said: I said to Abū Ja‘far the second (peace be upon him), “My master, people find your young age objectionable.” He said: “What do they find objectionable about that concerning me? By God, indeed God said to His Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family): ‘Say: This is my way...’ None followed him but ‘Alī (peace be upon him), and he was nine years old—and I am nine years old.”

99-/5408 _5- وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ:عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللّٰهِ عَلىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي ،فَقَالَ:«يَعْنِي نَفْسَهُ،وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) [2]».

99-/5408 _5- And in the narration of Abū al-Jārūd: from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him) regarding His saying: “Say: This is my way...” He said: “He means himself, and the one who followed him is ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him) [2].”

99-/5409 _6- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْجُعْفِيِّ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللّٰهِ عَلىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي .

قَالَ:فَقَالَ:«عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)خَاصَّةً»وَ إِلاَّ فَلاَ أَصَابَتْنِي شَفَاعَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ).

99-/5409 _6- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Ismā‘īl al-Ju‘fī, who said: Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said regarding “Say: This is my way...”: “It is ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him) in particular—otherwise, may the intercession of Muḥammad (may Allah bless him and his family) not reach me.”

99-/5410 _7- عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الثَّانِي(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: قُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ فِي حَدَاثَةِ سِنِّكَ.

قَالَ:«لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ يَقُولُونَ [1]،إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللّٰهِ عَلىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا كَانَ اتَّبَعَهُ إِلاَّ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ هُوَ ابْنُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ،وَ مَضَى أَبِي وَ أَنَا ابْنُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ،فَمَا عَسَى أَنْ يَقُولُوا؟!إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: فَلاٰ وَ رَبِّكَ لاٰ يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتّٰى يُحَكِّمُوكَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: وَ يُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيماً [2]».

99-/5410 _7- From ‘Alī b. Asbāṭ, from Abū al-Ḥasan the second (peace be upon him). He said: I said, “May I be your ransom, they speak about your young age.” He said: “What they say is nothing [1]. God Most High says: ‘Say: This is my way...’ By God, none followed him except ‘Alī (peace be upon him) when he was nine years old. And my father passed away while I was nine years old—so what then can they say?! Indeed God says: ‘But no! By your Lord! They do not believe until they make you the judge... and submit with full submission’ [2].”

99-/5411 _8- عَنْ سَلاَّمِ بْنِ الْمُسْتَنِيرِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللّٰهِ عَلىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي ،قَالَ:«ذَاكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ الْأَوْصِيَاءُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمَا».

99-/5411 _8- From Sallām b. al-Mustanīr, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him) regarding “Say: This is my way...”: He said: “That is the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) and ‘Alī (peace be upon him), and the legatees after them.”

99-/5412 _9- ابْنُ شَهْرَ آشُوبٍ:عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: « قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي يَعْنِي نَفْسَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) وَ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)[وَ]مَنْ تَبِعَهُ:آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ».

99-/5412 _9- Ibn Shah r Āshūb: from al-Bāqir (peace be upon him), who said: “‘Say: This is my way’ means the person of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) and ‘Alī (peace be upon him), and those who followed him: the Family of Muḥammad.”

99-/5413 _10- وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ: «يَعْنِي بِالسَّبِيلِ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ لاَ يُنَالُ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ بِوَلاَيَتِهِ».

99-/5413 _10- And in another narration: “By ‘the way’ he means ‘Alī (peace be upon him), and what is with God is not attained except through his wilayah.”

99-/5414 _11- ابْنُ الْفَارِسِيِّ فِي(الرَّوْضَةِ):قَالَ:قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): قُلْ هٰذِهِ سَبِيلِي أَدْعُوا إِلَى اللّٰهِ عَلىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا وَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَنِي .قَالَ:«عَلِيٌّ اتَّبَعَهُ».

99-/5414 _11- Ibn al-Fārisī in al-Rawḍah: He said: al-Bāqir (peace be upon him) said regarding “Say: This is my way...”: “‘Alī followed him.’”

99-/5415 _12- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ،عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ،عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ سُبْحٰانَ اللّٰهِ قَالَ:«أَنَفَةُ اللَّهِ».

99-/5415 _12- Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb: from ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, from Muḥammad b. ‘Īsā b. ‘Ubayd, from Yūnus b. ‘Abd al-Raḥmān, from Hishām b. al-Ḥakam, who said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about “Subḥān Allāh.” He said: “God’s exalted loftiness.”

99-/5416 _13- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَسَنِيِّ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ مَوْلَى طِرْبَالٍ،عَنْ هِشَامٍ الْجَوَالِيقِيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: سُبْحٰانَ اللّٰهِ مَا يُعْنَى بِهِ؟قَالَ:«تَنْزِيهُهُ».

99-/5416 _13- And from him: from Aḥmad b. Mihrān, from ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm b. ‘Abd Allāh al-Ḥasanī, from ‘Alī b. Asbāṭ, from Sulaymān, client of Ṭirbāl, from Hishām al-Jawāliqī, who said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about the saying of God, Mighty and Majestic, “Subḥān Allāh—what does it mean?” He said: “His transcendence (declaring Him free of imperfection).”

99-/5417 _14- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ،عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ،عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ سُبْحٰانَ اللّٰهِ فَقَالَ:(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):

«أَنَفَةُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ».

99-/5417 _14- Ibn Bābawayh, from his father: He said: ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm b. Hāshim narrated to us, from Muḥammad b. ‘Īsā b. ‘Ubayd, from Yūnus b. ‘Abd al-Raḥmān, from Hishām b. al-Ḥakam, who said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about “Subḥān Allāh,” so he (peace be upon him) said: “The august loftiness of God, Mighty and Majestic.”

99-/5418 _15- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ مَوْلَى طِرْبَالٍ،عَنْ هِشَامٍ الْجَوَالِيقِيِّ،قَالَ:

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: سُبْحٰانَ اللّٰهِ مَا يُعْنَى بِهِ؟قَالَ:«تَنْزِيهُهُ».

99-/5418 _15- And from him: He said: Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Aḥmad b. al-Walīd narrated to us, he said: Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Ṣaffār narrated to us, from Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn b. Abī al-Khaṭṭāb, from ‘Alī b. Asbāṭ, from Sulaymān, client of Ṭirbāl, from Hishām al-Jawāliqī, who said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about the saying of God, Mighty and Majestic, “Subḥān Allāh—what does it mean?” He said: “Declaring Him transcendent.”

99-/5419 _16- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الشَّعْرَانِيُّ الْعَمَّارِيُّ،مِنْ وُلْدِ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْبَاقِي الْأَذَنِيُّ بِأَذَنَةَ [1]،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْمَعَانِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ،عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَيْزَارِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَجَّارٍ [2]،عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْأَصَمِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ،فَقَالَ:يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،مَا تَفْسِيرُ سُبْحٰانَ اللّٰهِ ؟ فَقَالَ:إِنَّ فِي هَذَا الْحَائِطِ رَجُلاً كَانَ إِذَا سُئِلَ أَنْبَأَ،وَ إِذَا سَكَتَّ ابْتَدَأَ [3].فَدَخَلَ الرَّجُلُ فَإِذَا هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ:يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مَا تَفْسِيرُ سُبْحٰانَ اللّٰهِ ؟قَالَ:«هُوَ تَعْظِيمُ جَلاَلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.وَ تَنْزِيهُهُ عَمَّا قَالَ فِيهِ كُلُّ مُشْرِكٍ،فَإِذَا قَالَهَا الْعَبْدُ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ كُلُّ مَلَكٍ».

99-/5419 _16- And from him: He said: ‘Abd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ‘Abd al-Wahhāb narrated to us, he said: Abū al-Ḥasan Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ‘Abd Allāh b. Ḥamzah al-Sha‘rānī al-‘Ammārī—from the descendants of ‘Ammār b. Yāsir (may God have mercy on him)—informed us. He said: Abū Muḥammad ‘Ubayd Allāh b. Yaḥyā b. ‘Abd al-Bāqī al-Adhanī at Adhana [1] narrated to us. He said: ‘Alī b. al-Ḥasan al-Ma‘ānī narrated to us. He said: ‘Abd Allāh b. Yazīd narrated to us, from Yaḥyā b. ‘Uqbah b. Abī al-‘Ayzār. He said: Muḥammad b. Ḥajjār [2] narrated to us, from Yazīd b. al-Aṣamm, who said: A man asked ‘Umar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, “O Commander of the Faithful, what is the interpretation of ‘Subḥān Allāh’?” He said: “In this enclosure is a man who, if asked, informs; and if you are silent, he initiates [3].” The man entered and it was ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him). He said, “O Abā al-Ḥasan, what is the interpretation of ‘Subḥān Allāh’?” He said: “It is the magnifying of the majesty of God, Mighty and Majestic, and declaring Him transcendent above what every polytheist has said about Him. When the servant says it, every angel invokes blessings upon him.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ إِلاّٰ رِجٰالاً نُوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرىٰ [109]

And We did not send before you any but men to whom We sent revelation—of the people of the towns. [Yūsuf 12:109, M. H. Shakir]

99-/5420 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ الْمُفَسِّرُ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْجُرْجَانِيِّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ،عَنْ أَبَوَيْهِمَا،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى،عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)-فِي حَدِيثٍ-قَالَ فِيهِ مُخَاطِباً: «أَ وَ لَسْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يُخْلِ الدُّنْيَا مِنْ نَبِيٍّ قَطُّ أَوْ إِمَامٍ مِنَ الْبَشَرِ؟أَ وَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ يَعْنِي إِلَى الْخَلْقِ: إِلاّٰ رِجٰالاً نُوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرىٰ ؟فَأَخْبَرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْعَثِ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ،فَيَكُونُوا أَئِمَّةً وَ حُكَّاماً،وَ إِنَّمَا أُرْسِلُوا إِلَى أَنْبِيَاءِ اللَّهِ».

99-/5420 _1- Ibn Bābawayh said: Muḥammad b. al-Qāsim, the exegete known as Abū al-Ḥasan al-Jurjānī (may God be pleased with him), narrated to us. He said: Yūsuf b. Muḥammad b. Ziyād and ‘Alī b. Muḥammad b. Sayyār narrated to us, from their two fathers, from al-Ḥasan b. ‘Alī, from his father ‘Alī b. Muḥammad, from his father Muḥammad b. ‘Alī, from his father ‘Alī b. Mūsā, from his father Mūsā b. Ja‘far, from his father al-Ṣādiq Ja‘far b. Muḥammad (peace be upon them)—in a hadith—in which he said, addressing [him]: “Do you not know that God Most High has never left the world without a prophet or an imam from among human beings? Does not God Most High say: ‘And We did not send before you—to the creation—except men to whom We sent revelation, of the people of the towns’? Thus He informed that He did not send the angels to the earth to be imams and rulers; rather, they were sent to the prophets of God.”

المراجع:

_10) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:96/200.

_Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:96/200.

_11) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:98/200.

_Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:98/200.

_12) -التوحيد:1/321.

_al-Tawḥīd 1:321.

_1) -الكافي 1:66/342.

_al-Kāfī 1:66/342.

[1] الأعراف 7:180.

_al-A‘rāf 7:180.

[2] يأتي في الحديث(1)من تفسير الآية(26)من سورة النمل.

_ya’tī fī al-ḥadīth (1) min tafsīr al-āyah (26) min Sūrat al-Naml.

المراجع:

_2) -الكافي 1:8/315.

_al-Kāfī 1:8/315.

_3) -الكافي 5:1/14.

_al-Kāfī 5:1/14.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:358.

_Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:358.

_5) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:358.

_Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:358.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:99/200.

_Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:99/200.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:100/200.

_Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:100/200.

[1] في المصدر زيادة:قوله اللّه عزّ و جلّ.

_fī al-maṣdar ziyādah: qawluhu Allāh ‘azza wa jall.

[2] في المصدر زيادة:و آل محمّد(عليهم السلام)

_fī al-maṣdar ziyādah: wa Āl Muḥammad (‘alayhim al-salām)

المراجع:

_8) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:101/201.

_Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:101/201.

_9) -المناقب 3:72.

_al-Manāqib 3:72.

_10) -المناقب 3:72.

_al-Manāqib 3:72.

_11) -روضة الواعظين:105،شواهد التنزيل 1:391/286 و 392.

_Rawḍat al-Wā‘iẓīn 105; Shawāhid al-Tanzīl 1:391/286 & 392.

_12) -الكافي 1:10/92.

_al-Kāfī 1:10/92.

_13) -الكافي 1:11/92.

_al-Kāfī 1:11/92.

_14) -التوحيد 2/312.

_al-Tawḥīd 2:312.

[1] في البحار 25:2/101،أي شيء يقولون.

_fī al-Biḥār 25:2/101, ayy shay’in yaqūlūn.

[2] النساء 4:65.

_al-Nisā’ 4:65.

[3] الانفة:علزّة و الحميّة.

_al-anafah: ‘izzah wa al-ḥamiyyah.

المراجع:

_15) -معاني الأخبار:2/9.

_Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār 2:9.

_16) -التوحيد:1/311.

_al-Tawḥīd 1:311.

_1) -عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام)1:1/270.

_‘Uyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā (alayhi al-salām) 1:1/270.

[1] أذنة:بلد من الثّغور قرب المصّيصة-من ثغور الشام-خرج منه جماعة من أهل العلم و سكنه آخرون.«معجم البلدان 1:133».

_Adhana: balad min al-thughūr qurb al-Maṣṣīṣah—min thughūr al-Shām—kharaja minhu jamā‘ah min ahli al-‘ilm wa sakana-hu ākhārūn. “Mu‘jam al-Buldān 1:133”.

[2] الظاهر أنّه محمّد بن جحادة.انظر تاريخ بغداد 14:112.

_al-ẓāhir annahu Muḥammad b. Juḥādah. unẓur Tārīkh Baghdād 14:112.

[3] في«ط»:أنبأ.

_fī “Ṭ”: anba’a.