S 3 A 179

الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ قَالُوا:بَعَثَ هَذَا الصَّبِيَّ،وَ لَوْ بَعَثَ غَيْرَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ،وَ فِي مَكَّةَ صَنَادِيدُ قُرَيْشٍ وَ رِجَالُهَا؟!وَ اللَّهِ،الْكُفْرُ أَوْلَى بِنَا مِمَّا نَحْنُ فِيهِ؛فَسَارُوا،وَ قَالُوا لَهُمَا،وَ خَوَّفُوهُمَا بِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَ غَلَّظُوا عَلَيْهِمَا الْأَمْرَ،فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ».

وَ مَضَيَا،فَلَمَّا دَخَلاَ مَكَّةَ أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِقَوْلِهِمْ لِعَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ بِقَوْلِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَهُمْ،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ فِي كِتَابِهِ،وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: اَلَّذِينَ قٰالَ لَهُمُ النّٰاسُ إِنَّ النّٰاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزٰادَهُمْ إِيمٰاناً وَ قٰالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللّٰهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ* فَانْقَلَبُوا بِنِعْمَةٍ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَ فَضْلٍ لَمْ يَمْسَسْهُمْ سُوءٌ وَ اتَّبَعُوا رِضْوٰانَ اللّٰهِ وَ اللّٰهُ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَظِيمٍ وَ إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ:أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى فُلاَنٍ وَ فُلاَنٍ لَقُوا عَلِيّاً وَ عَمَّاراً فَقَالاَ:إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ وَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَامِرٍ وَ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ.فَزَادَهُمْ إِيمَاناً،وَ قَالُوا:حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ».

English: The believers—and ‘Ammar ibn Yasir—were sent to the people of Mecca. They said: He has sent this youth! If only he had sent someone else to the people of Mecca, while Mecca contains the chiefs and men of Quraysh! By Allah, disbelief would be more fitting for us than what we are now doing. So they set out, and they spoke to the two of them, frightening them with the people of Mecca and making the matter seem severe to them. Then ‘Ali (peace be upon him) said: “Allah is sufficient for us, and most excellent is the Protector.”

They proceeded, and when they entered Mecca, Allah informed His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) of what they had said to ‘Ali (peace be upon him), and what ‘Ali (peace be upon him) had said to them. Then Allah revealed them by name in His Book; and that is His saying: “Those to whom the people said: Surely men have gathered against you, therefore fear them; but this increased their faith, and they said: Allah is sufficient for us and most excellent is the Protector. So they returned with favor from Allah and (His) grace, no evil touched them, and they followed the pleasure of Allah; and Allah is the Lord of mighty grace.” And indeed it was revealed as: Do you not see that so-and-so and so-and-so met ‘Ali and ‘Ammar and said: Abu Sufyan and ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir and the people of Mecca have gathered against you, so fear them. But it increased them in faith, and they said: “Allah is sufficient for us, and most excellent is the Protector.”

اَلَّذِينَ قٰالَ لَهُمُ النّٰاسُ إِنَّ النّٰاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزٰادَهُمْ إِيمٰاناً وَ قٰالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللّٰهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ* فَانْقَلَبُوا بِنِعْمَةٍ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَ فَضْلٍ لَمْ يَمْسَسْهُمْ سُوءٌ وَ اتَّبَعُوا رِضْوٰانَ اللّٰهِ وَ اللّٰهُ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَظِيمٌ

Qur’an 3:173–174 (M. H. Shakir): Those to whom the people said: Surely men have gathered against you, therefore fear them, but this increased their faith, and they said: Allah is sufficient for us and most excellent is the Protector. So they returned with favor from Allah and (His) grace, no evil touched them and they followed the pleasure of Allah; and Allah is the Lord of mighty grace.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لاٰ يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّمٰا نُمْلِي لَهُمْ خَيْرٌ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ إِنَّمٰا نُمْلِي لَهُمْ لِيَزْدٰادُوا إِثْماً وَ لَهُمْ عَذٰابٌ مُهِينٌ[178]

Qur’an 3:178 (M. H. Shakir): And let not those who disbelieve think that Our granting them respite is good for their souls; We grant them respite only that they may add to their sins; and they shall have a disgraceful chastisement.

99-/1989 - الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْكَافِرِ،الْمَوْتُ خَيْرٌ لَهُ أَمِ الْحَيَاةُ؟فَقَالَ:«الْمَوْتُ خَيْرٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ وَ الْكَافِرِ».

قُلْتُ:وَ لِمَ؟قَالَ:«لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: وَ مٰا عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ خَيْرٌ لِلْأَبْرٰارِ [1]،وَ يَقُولُ: وَ لاٰ يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّمٰا نُمْلِي لَهُمْ خَيْرٌ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ إِنَّمٰا نُمْلِي لَهُمْ لِيَزْدٰادُوا إِثْماً وَ لَهُمْ عَذٰابٌ مُهِينٌ ».

99-/1989 - Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him). He said: I said to him: Inform me about the disbeliever: is death better for him or life? He said: “Death is better for both the believer and the disbeliever.” I said: Why? He said: “Because Allah says: ‘And what is with Allah is better for the righteous’ [1], and He says: ‘And let not those who disbelieve think that Our granting them respite is good for their souls; We grant them respite only that they may add to their sins; and they shall have a disgraceful chastisement.’”

99-/1990 - عَنْ يُونُسَ،رَفَعَهُ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ:زَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)ابْنَتَهُ فُلاَناً؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ».

قُلْتُ:فَكَيْفَ زَوَّجَهُ الْأُخْرَى؟قَالَ:«قَدْ فَعَلَ،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: وَ لاٰ يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّمٰا نُمْلِي لَهُمْ خَيْرٌ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ إِلَى عَذٰابٌ مُهِينٌ ».

99-/1990 - From Yunus, marfū‘an. He said: I said to him: Did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) give his daughter in marriage to so-and-so? He said: “Yes.” I said: Then how did he marry the other to him as well? He said: “He did indeed; then Allah revealed: ‘And let not those who disbelieve think that Our granting them respite is good for their souls ... to a disgraceful chastisement.’”

قوله تعالى:

مٰا كٰانَ اللّٰهُ لِيَذَرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلىٰ مٰا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ حَتّٰى يَمِيزَ الْخَبِيثَ مِنَ الطَّيِّبِ[179]

Qur’an 3:179 (M. H. Shakir): On no account will Allah leave the believers in the condition which you are in until He separates the evil from the good; nor is Allah going to make you acquainted with the unseen, but Allah chooses of His apostles whom He pleases; believe therefore in Allah and His apostles; and if you believe and guard (against evil), you shall then have a great reward.

99-/1991 - الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ عَجْلاَنَ أَبِي صَالِحٍ [1]،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «لاَ تَمْضِي الْأَيَّامُ وَ اللَّيَالِي حَتَّى يُنَادِيَ مُنَادٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ:يَا أَهْلَ الْحَقِّ اعْتَزِلُوا [2].يَا أَهْلَ الْبَاطِلِ،اعْتَزِلُوا.فَيُعْزَلُ هَؤُلاَءِ مِنْ هَؤُلاَءِ، وَ يُعْزَلُ هَؤُلاَءِ مِنْ هَؤُلاَءِ».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،يُخَالِطُ هَؤُلاَءِ هَؤُلاَءِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ النِّدَاءِ؟قَالَ:«كَلاَّ،إِنَّهُ يَقُولُ فِي الْكِتَابِ: مٰا كٰانَ اللّٰهُ لِيَذَرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلىٰ مٰا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَمِيزَ الْخَبِيثَ مِنَ الطَّيِّبِ ».

99-/1991 - Al-‘Ayyāshī: from ‘Ajlān Abī Salih [1]. He said: I heard Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) say: “The days and nights will not pass before a caller calls out from the sky: O people of truth, separate yourselves! [2] O people of falsehood, separate yourselves! Then these will be set apart from those, and those will be set apart from these.” He said: I asked: May Allah set you right, will these then mix with those after that call? He said: “No. Indeed He says in the Book: ‘On no account will Allah leave the believers in the condition which you are in until He separates the evil from the good.’”

قوله تعالى:

وَ لاٰ يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ بِمٰا آتٰاهُمُ اللّٰهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ هُوَ خَيْراً لَهُمْ بَلْ هُوَ شَرٌّ لَهُمْ سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مٰا بَخِلُوا بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ وَ لِلّٰهِ مِيرٰاثُ السَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ[180]

Qur’an 3:180 (M. H. Shakir): And let not those deem, who are niggardly in giving away that which Allah has granted them out of His grace, that it is good for them; nay, it is worse for them; what they were niggardly in shall be their collar on the resurrection day; and Allah’s is the heritage of the heavens and the earth; and Allah is aware of what you do.

99-/1992 - مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مٰا بَخِلُوا بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ .

فَقَالَ:«يَا مُحَمَّدُ،مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَمْنَعُ مِنْ زَكَاةِ مَالِهِ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ذَلِكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ثُعْبَاناً مِنَ النَّارِ مُطَوَّقاً فِي عُنُقِهِ،يَنْهَشُ مِنْ لَحْمِهِ حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ مِنَ الْحِسَابِ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مٰا بَخِلُوا بِهِ يَعْنِي مَا بَخِلُوا بِهِ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ».

99-/1992 - Muhammad ibn Ya‘qūb: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muskan, from Muhammad ibn Muslim. He said: I asked Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “They shall be collared with what they were niggardly in on the Day of Resurrection.” He said: “O Muhammad, there is no one who withholds anything of the zakat of his wealth except that Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, will make that on the Day of Resurrection a serpent of fire, looped as a collar around his neck, gnawing at his flesh until the reckoning is finished. And that is the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: ‘They shall be collared with what they were niggardly in’—meaning what they withheld of the zakat.”

99-/1993 - عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ،عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «مَانِعُ الزَّكَاةِ يُطَوَّقُ بِحَيَّةٍ قَرْعَاءَ تَأْكُلُ مِنْ دِمَاغِهِ،وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مٰا بَخِلُوا بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ ».

99-/1993 - From him: from Muhammad ibn Yahyā, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Ibn Faddāl, from ‘Ali ibn ‘Uqbah, from Ayyūb ibn Rāshid. He said: I heard Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) say: “The withholder of zakat will be collared with a bald serpent that will eat from his brain; and that is His saying, Mighty and Majestic: ‘They shall be collared with what they were niggardly in on the Day of Resurrection.’”

المراجع:

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:173/206.

_1) - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:173/206.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 1 لا 174/207.

_2) - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:174/207.

[1] آل عمران 3:198.

[1] Āl ‘Imrān 3:198.

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:175/207.

_1) - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:175/207.

_2) -الكافي 3:1/502.

_2) - al-Kāfī 3:1/502.

_3) -الكافي 3:16/505.

_3) - al-Kāfī 3:16/505.

[1] في«س و ط»:عجلان بن صالح،و الصواب ما في المتن،قال السيّد الخوئي:في بعض الموارد عجلان بن صالح،لكن الصواب عجلان أبي صالح بقرينة سائر الروايات،راجع معجم رجال الحديث 11:133.

[1] fī “S wa Ṭ”: ‘Ajlān ibn Ṣāliḥ, wa al-ṣawāb mā fī al-matn, qāla al-Sayyid al-Khū’ī: fī ba‘ḍ al-mawārid ‘Ajlān ibn Ṣāliḥ, lakin al-ṣawāb ‘Ajlān Abī Ṣāliḥ bi-qarīnat sā’ir al-riwāyāt, rāji‘ Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 11:133.

[2] (يا أهل الحقّ اعتزلوا)ليس في«ط».

[2] (yā ahl al-ḥaqq i‘ta zilū) laysa fī “Ṭ”.