An-Nahl Ayah 97

وَ لَوْ شٰاءَ اللّٰهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً وٰاحِدَةً وَ لٰكِنْ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ لَتُسْئَلُنَّ عَمّٰا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ* وَ لاٰ تَتَّخِذُوا أَيْمٰانَكُمْ دَخَلاً بَيْنَكُمْ فَتَزِلَّ قَدَمٌ بَعْدَ ثُبُوتِهٰا بَعْدَ مَا سَلَّمْتُمْ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ تَذُوقُوا السُّوءَ بِمٰا صَدَدْتُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ لَكُمْ عَذٰابٌ عَظِيمٌ ».

ثمَّ قالَ لي: «لمّا أخذ رسولُ اللهِ(صلّى الله عليه و آله) بيدِ عليٍّ(عليه السلام) فأظهرَ ولايتَه، قالا جميعاً: واللهِ، ليس هذا من تلقاءِ الله، وما هو إلا شيءٌ أراد أن يُشرّفَ به ابنَ عمِّه. فأنزلَ اللهُ عليه: وَ لَوْ تَقَوَّلَ عَلَيْنٰا بَعْضَ الْأَقٰاوِيلِ* لَأَخَذْنٰا مِنْهُ بِالْيَمِينِ* ثُمَّ لَقَطَعْنٰا مِنْهُ الْوَتِينَ* فَمٰا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ عَنْهُ حٰاجِزِينَ* وَ إِنَّهُ لَتَذْكِرَةٌ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ* وَ إِنّٰا لَنَعْلَمُ أَنَّ مِنْكُمْ مُكَذِّبِينَ يعني فلاناً و فلاناً وَ إِنَّهُ لَحَسْرَةٌ عَلَى الْكٰافِرِينَ* وَ إِنَّهُ لَحَقُّ الْيَقِينِ يعني عليّاً(عليه السلام) فَسَبِّحْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الْعَظِيمِ » [1].

Translation: And if Allah had pleased He would certainly have made you a single nation; but He causes to err whom He pleases and guides whom He pleases, and you shall most certainly be questioned as to what you did. And do not make your oaths a means of deceit among yourselves, lest a foot should slip after its stability, after you had given salām to Ali (peace be upon him) as Commander of the Faithful, and that you should taste evil because you turned away from the path of Allah—meaning Ali (peace be upon him)—and you shall have a great punishment. Then he said to me: When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) took the hand of Ali (peace be upon him) and made his guardianship manifest, they both said: By Allah, this is not from Allah; it is only something by which he wished to honor his cousin. So Allah revealed to him: “And if he had fabricated against Us some of the sayings, We would certainly have seized him by the right hand, then We would certainly have cut off his aorta, and there is none of you who could have withheld Us from him. And most surely it is a reminder for those who guard (against evil). And most surely We know that there are some among you that are rejecters—meaning so-and-so and so-and-so. And most surely it shall be a source of intense regret to the unbelievers. And most surely it is the certain truth—meaning Ali (peace be upon him). Therefore glorify the name of your Lord, the Great.” [1]

Quran 16:93 (M. H. Shakir): And if Allah had pleased He would certainly have made you a single nation, but He causes to err whom He pleases and guides whom He pleases, and most certainly you will be questioned as to what you did.

Quran 16:92 (M. H. Shakir): And do not be like her who slashes her yarn, disintegrating it into pieces after she has spun it firmly, by taking your oaths to be a means of deceit between you, because one nation is more numerous than another nation; Allah only tries you by this, and He will most certainly make clear to you on the resurrection day that about which you differ.

Quran 69:44-52 (M. H. Shakir): And if he had fabricated against Us some of the sayings, We would certainly have seized him by the right hand, Then We would certainly have cut off his aorta, And there is none of you who could have withheld Us from him. And most surely it is a reminder for those who guard (against evil). And most surely We know that there are some among you that are rejecters. And most surely it shall be a source of intense regret to the unbelievers. And most surely it is the certain truth. Therefore glorify the name of your Lord, the Great.

99-/6144 _6- عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ الْأَشَلِّ،عَنْهُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهَا مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكَاثاً عَائِشَةُ هِيَ نَكَثَتْ أَيْمَانَهَا».

99-/6144 _6- From ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Salim al-Ashal, from him (peace be upon him), who said: “She who unravelled her spinning after its strength into shreds is A’isha—she is the one who broke her oaths.”

قوله تعالى:

مَنْ عَمِلَ صٰالِحاً مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثىٰ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيٰاةً طَيِّبَةً [97]

His saying, the Exalted:

Quran 16:97 (M. H. Shakir): Whoever does good, whether male or female, and he is a believer, We will most certainly make him live a happy life, and We will most certainly give them their reward for the best of what they did.

/6145 _1-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:القنوع بما رزقه اللّه.

99-/6145 _1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: Contentment with what Allah has provided.

99-/6146 _2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: قِيلَ لَهُ:إِنَّ أَبَا الْخَطَّابِ يَذْكُرُ عَنْكَ أَنَّكَ قُلْتَ لَهُ:إِذَا عَرَفْتَ الْحَقَّ فَاعْمَلْ مَا شِئْتَ.

فَقَالَ:«لَعَنَ اللَّهُ أَبَا الْخَطَّابِ-وَ اللَّهِ-مَا قُلْتُ لَهُ هَكَذَا،وَ لَكِنِّي قُلْتُ:إِذَا عَرَفْتَ الْحَقَّ فَاعْمَلْ مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ يُقْبَلُ مِنْكَ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: مَنْ عَمِلَ صٰالِحاً مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثىٰ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَأُولٰئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ يُرْزَقُونَ فِيهٰا بِغَيْرِ حِسٰابٍ [2]وَ يَقُولُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: مَنْ عَمِلَ صٰالِحاً مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثىٰ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيٰاةً طَيِّبَةً ».

99-/6146 _2- Ibn Bābawayh said: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, who said: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar narrated to us, who said: Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from some of his companions, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). He said: It was said to him: Abu’l-Khattab relates from you that you said to him: “When you have recognized the truth, then do whatever you wish.” He said: “May Allah curse Abu’l-Khattab—by Allah—I did not say that to him. Rather, I said: When you have recognized the truth, then do whatever good you wish; it will be accepted from you. Indeed Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: ‘Whoever does good, whether male or female, and he is a believer—so these shall enter the Garden, in which they shall be given sustenance without measure’ [2]; and He, Blessed and Exalted, says: ‘Whoever does good, whether male or female, and he is a believer, We will most certainly make him live a happy life.’”

Quran 40:40 (M. H. Shakir): Whoever does evil, he shall not be recompensed but the like of it, and whoever does good, whether male or female, and he is a believer, these shall enter the garden, in which they shall be given sustenance without measure.

Quran 16:97 (M. H. Shakir): Whoever does good, whether male or female, and he is a believer, We will most certainly make him live a happy life, and We will most certainly give them their reward for the best of what they did.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:65/269.

_6) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:65/269.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:390.

_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:390.

_2) -معاني الأخبار:26/388.

_2) -Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 26/388.

[1] الحاقّة 69:44-52.

[1] al-Haqqah 69:44-52.

[2] غافر 40:40.

[2] Ghāfir 40:40.

99-/6147 _3- الشَّيْخُ،فِي(أَمَالِيهِ):قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْفَحَّامُ بِسُرَّ مَنْ رَأَى،قَالَ:

حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمَنْصُورِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي الْإِمَامُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:قَالَ سَيِّدُنَا الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيٰاةً طَيِّبَةً قَالَ:«الْقُنُوعُ».

99-/6147 _3- The Shaykh, in his Amālī, said: Abu Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Fahhām in Surr Man Ra’a informed us, saying: Abu’l-Hasan Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn ‘Ubaydillah ibn al-Mansur narrated to me, who said: Imam ‘Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to me, who said: My father Muhammad ibn ‘Ali narrated to me, who said: My father ‘Ali ibn Musa narrated to me, who said: My father Musa ibn Ja‘far (peace be upon them) narrated to me. He said: Our master al-Sadiq (peace be upon him), regarding His saying “We will most certainly make him live a happy life,” said: “Contentment.”

قوله تعالى:

فَإِذٰا قَرَأْتَ الْقُرْآنَ فَاسْتَعِذْ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطٰانِ الرَّجِيمِ* إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ سُلْطٰانٌ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَلىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ -إلى قوله تعالى- مُشْرِكُونَ [98-100]

His saying, the Exalted:

Quran 16:98-100 (M. H. Shakir):

16:98 So when you recite the Quran, seek refuge with Allah from the accursed Shaitan.

16:99 Surely he has no authority over those who believe and rely on their Lord.

16:100 His authority is only over those who befriend him and those who associate others with Him.

/6148 _4-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:الرجيم:أخبث الشياطين،فقلت له:و لم سمي رجيما؟قال:لأنّه يرجم.

99-/6148 _4- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: “Al-rajīm” is the vilest of the devils. I said to him: And why was he named “rajīm”? He said: Because he is stoned.

و قد تقدم حديث مسند في معنى الرجيم،في قوله تعالى: وَ إِنِّي أُعِيذُهٰا بِكَ وَ ذُرِّيَّتَهٰا مِنَ الشَّيْطٰانِ الرَّجِيمِ من سورة آل عمران [1].

And a musnad report has preceded regarding the meaning of “al-rajīm” in His saying, “And I commend her and her offspring into Your protection from the accursed Shaitan,” from Surat Āl ‘Imrān [1].

99-/6149 _5- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ هَانِئُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَحْمُودٍ الْعَبْدِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَحْمُودٍ،بِإِسْنَادِهِ،رَفَعَهُ إِلَى مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي حَدِيثِ سُؤَالِ الرَّشِيدِ لَهُ.فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي جَوَابِ سُؤَالِهِ: «أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ »ثُمَّ قَرَأَ آيَةً،وَ الْحَدِيثُ طَوِيلٌ تَقَدَّمَ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ لَمْ يُهٰاجِرُوا مٰا لَكُمْ مِنْ وَلاٰيَتِهِمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْ آخِرِ سُورَةِ الْأَنْفَالِ [2].

99-/6149 _5- Ibn Bābawayh said: Abu Ahmad Hāni’ ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmūd al-‘Abdī narrated to us, who said: My father Muhammad ibn Mahmūd narrated to us, with his isnād, raising it to Musa ibn Ja‘far (peace be upon him), in the report of al-Rashid’s questioning him. He (peace be upon him), in answer to his question, said: “I seek refuge with Allah from the accursed Satan. In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful,” then he recited a verse. The report is long, and it has preceded under His saying, the Exalted: “And (as for) those who believed and did not migrate, you have no guardianship of them in anything,” at the end of Surat al-Anfāl [2].

/6150 _6-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:قوله: إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ سُلْطٰانٌ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَلىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ قال:ليس له أن يزيلهم عن الولاية،فأما الذنوب فإنهم ينالون منه كما ينالون من غيره.

99-/6150 _6- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said, regarding His saying “Surely he has no authority over those who believe and rely on their Lord”: He has no authority to remove them from the wilayah; as for sins, they are afflicted by him as they are afflicted by others.

99-/6151 _7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ،عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: فَإِذٰا قَرَأْتَ الْقُرْآنَ فَاسْتَعِذْ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطٰانِ الرَّجِيمِ*

99-/6151 _7- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali ibn Muhammad, from ‘Ali ibn al-Hasan, from Mansur ibn Yunus, from Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: I said to him: “So when you recite the Quran, seek refuge with Allah from the accursed Shaitan …”

_3) -الأمالي 1:281.

_3) -al-Amālī 1:281.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:390.

_4) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:390.

_5) -عيون أخبار الرضا(عليه السلام)1:9/81.

_5) -‘Uyūn Akhbār al-Ridā (alayhi as-salām) 1:9/81.

_6) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:390.

_6) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:390.

_7) -الكافي 8:433/288.

_7) -al-Kāfī 8:433/288.

[1] آل عمران 3:36، و لم يرد هناك حديث في هذا المعنى، و قد سبقت الإشارة إلى ذلك في تفسير الآيات(14-18)من سورة الحجر.

[1] Āl ‘Imrān 3:36, wa lam yarid hunāka ḥadīthun fī hādhā al-ma‘nā, wa qad sabaqat al-ishārah ilā dhālika fī tafsīr al-āyāt (14-18) min Sūrat al-Ḥijr.

[2] تقدم في الحديث(1)من تفسير الآية(72)من سورة الأنفال.

[2] Taqaddama fī al-ḥadīth (1) min tafsīr al-āyah (72) min Sūrat al-Anfāl.