S 2 A 87

أَلاَ وَ إِنَّ قَتَلَتَهُ وَ أَعْوَانَهُمْ وَ أَشْيَاعَهُمْ وَ الْمُقْتَدِينَ بِهِمْ بُرَآءُ مِنْ دِينِ اللَّهِ.

أَلاَ وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَأْمُرُ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ أَنْ يَنْقُلُوا دُمُوعَهُمُ الْمَصْبُوبَةَ لِقَتْلِ الْحُسَيْنِ إِلَى الْخُزَّانِ فِي الْجِنَانِ، فَيَمْزُجُونَهَا بِمَاءِ الْحَيَوَانِ، فَتَزِيدُ فِي عُذُوبَتِهَا وَ طِيبِهَا أَلْفَ ضِعْفِهَا؛ وَ إِنَّ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ لَيَتَلَقَّوْنَ دُمُوعَ الْفَرِحِينَ الضَّاحِكِينَ لِقَتْلِ الْحُسَيْنِ فَيُلْقُونَهَا فِي الْهَاوِيَةِ، وَ يَمْزُجُونَهَا بِحَمِيمِهَا وَ صَدِيدِهَا وَ غَسَّاقِهَا وَ غِسْلِينِهَا، فَتَزِيدُ فِي شِدَّةِ حَرَارَتِهَا وَ عَظِيمِ عَذَابِهَا أَلْفَ ضِعْفِهَا، يُشَدِّدُ بِهَا عَلَى الْمَنْقُولِينَ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ أَعْدَاءِ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَذَابَهُمْ.

Translation: Be aware that his killers, their helpers, their followers, and those who emulate them are free of the religion of God. Be aware that God surely commands the nearest angels to carry the tears shed for the killing of al-Husayn to the reservoirs in the gardens of Paradise, and they mix them with the Water of Life, so that their sweetness and fragrance increase a thousandfold. And indeed the angels receive the tears of those who rejoice and laugh at the killing of al-Husayn, and they cast them into the abyss, mixing them with its boiling fluid, its pus, its intensely cold discharge, and its bitter filth; thus their heat and the enormity of their punishment increase a thousandfold, by which the punishment of the enemies of the family of Muhammad who are transferred there is made more severe.

99-/544 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الزُّبَيْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «الْكُفْرُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَوْجُهٍ: فَمِنْهَا كُفْرُ الْبَرَاءَةِ-وَ هُوَ عَلَى قِسْمَيْنِ-وَ كُفْرُ النِّعَمِ، وَ الْكُفْرُ بِتَرْكِ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ، وَ الْكُفْرُ بِمَا نَقُولُ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ كُفْرُ الْمَعَاصِي، وَ تَرْكُ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ، وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ إِذْ أَخَذْنٰا مِيثٰاقَكُمْ لاٰ تَسْفِكُونَ دِمٰاءَكُمْ -إِلَى قَوْلِهِ-: أَ فَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتٰابِ وَ تَكْفُرُونَ بِبَعْضٍ فَكُفْرُهُمْ بِتَرْكِهِمْ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ، وَ نَسَبُهُمْ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ وَ لَمْ يَقْبَلْهُ مِنْهُمْ، وَ لَمْ يَنْفَعْهُمْ عِنْدَهُ، فَقَالَ: فَمٰا جَزٰاءُ مَنْ يَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ مِنْكُمْ إِلاّٰ خِزْيٌ -إِلَى قَوْلِهِ-: عَمّٰا تَعْمَلُونَ».

99-/544 _2- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Abū ‘Amr al-Zubayrī, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “Disbelief in the Book of God is of five kinds: among them is the disbelief of repudiation—and it is of two types—and disbelief in blessings; disbelief by abandoning God’s command; and disbelief regarding what we declare from God’s command—that is the disbelief of acts of disobedience—and abandoning what God, Mighty and Majestic, has commanded. That is His saying: ‘And when We made a covenant with you: you shall not shed your blood’ (2:84; M. H. Shakir), up to His saying: ‘What! do you then believe in a part of the Book and disbelieve in the other?’ (2:85; M. H. Shakir). Thus their disbelief lies in their abandoning what God, Mighty and Majestic, commanded, while they attribute to themselves faith, though He did not accept it from them and it does not avail them with Him. So He said: ‘What then is the retribution of those among you who do this but disgrace in the life of this world; and on the day of resurrection they shall be sent back to the most grievous chastisement; and Allah is not at all heedless of what you do’ (2:85; M. H. Shakir).”

99-/545 _3- و في تفسير عليّ بن إبراهيم: أن الآية نزلت في أبي ذر و عثمان، في نفي عثمان له إلى الربذة، و ذكرنا الرواية في (تفسير الهادي).

99-/545 _3- And in the Tafsīr of ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm: the verse was revealed concerning Abū Dharr and ‘Uthmān, regarding ‘Uthmān’s banishment of him to al-Rabadhah; and we have mentioned the report in (Tafsīr al-Hādī).

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنٰا مُوسَى الْكِتٰابَ وَ قَفَّيْنٰا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ بِالرُّسُلِ وَ آتَيْنٰا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ الْبَيِّنٰاتِ وَ أَيَّدْنٰاهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ أَ فَكُلَّمٰا جٰاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ بِمٰا لاٰ تَهْوىٰ أَنْفُسُكُمُ اسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ فَفَرِيقاً كَذَّبْتُمْ وَ فَرِيقاً تَقْتُلُونَ[87]

Translation (Qur’an 2:87, M. H. Shakir): And most certainly We gave Moses the Book and We sent apostles after him one after another; and We gave Jesus, the son of Mary, clear arguments and strengthened him with the holy spirit. What! whenever then an apostle came to you with that which your souls did not desire, you were insolent so you called some liars and some you slew.

99-/546 _1- قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ-وَ هُوَ يُخَاطِبُ الْيَهُودَ الَّذِي أَظْهَرَ مُحَمَّدٌ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) الْمُعْجِزَاتِ لَهُمْ عِنْدَ تِلْكَ الْجِبَالِ وَ يُوَبِّخُهُمْ-: وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنٰا مُوسَى الْكِتٰابَ التَّوْرَاةَ، الْمُشْتَمِلَ عَلَى أَحْكَامِنَا، وَ عَلَى ذِكْرِ فَضْلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ، وَ إِمَامَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ خُلَفَائِهِ بَعْدَهُ، وَ شَرَفِ أَحْوَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لَهُ، وَ سُوءِ أَحْوَالِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ عَلَيْهِ.

وَ قَفَّيْنٰا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ بِالرُّسُلِ جَعَلْنَا رَسُولاً فِي إِثْرِ رَسُولٍ وَ آتَيْنٰا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ الْبَيِّنٰاتِ الْآيَاتِ الْوَاضِحَاتِ، مِثْلَ: إِحْيَاءِ الْمَوْتَى، وَ إِبْرَاءِ الْأَكْمَهِ وَ الْأَبْرَصِ، وَ الْإِنْبَاءِ بِمَا يَأْكُلُونَ وَ مَا يَدَّخِرُونَ فِي بُيُوتِهِمْ وَ أَيَّدْنٰاهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ وَ هُوَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، وَ ذَلِكَ حِينَ رَفَعَهُ مِنْ رَوْزَنَةِ بَيْتِهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، وَ أَلْقَى شِبْهَهُ عَلَى مَنْ رَامَ قَتْلَهُ، فَقُتِلَ بَدَلاً مِنْهُ، وَ قِيلَ: هُوَ الْمَسِيحُ».

وَ قَالَ الْإِمَامُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «ثُمَّ وَجَّهَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْعَذْلَ نَحْوَ الْيَهُودِ الْمَذْكُورِينَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: ثُمَّ قَسَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ فَقَالَ: أَ فَكُلَّمٰا جٰاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ بِمٰا لاٰ تَهْوىٰ أَنْفُسُكُمُ فَأَخَذَ عُهُودَكُمْ وَ مَوَاثِيقَكُمْ بِمَا لاَ تُحِبُّونَ: مَنْ بَذَلَ الطَّاعَةَ لأَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ الْأَفْضَلِينَ وَ عِبَادِهِ الْمُنْتَجَبِينَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ الطَّاهِرِينَ، لَمَّا قَالُوا لَكُمْ، كَمَا أَدَّاهُ إِلَيْكُمْ أَسْلاَفُكُمُ الَّذِينَ قِيلَ لَهُمْ: إِنَّ وَلاَيَةَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ هِيَ الْغَرَضُ الْأَقْصَى وَ الْمُرَادُ الْأَفْضَلُ، مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِهِ وَ لاَ بَعَثَ أَحَداً مِنْ رُسُلِهِ إِلاَّ لِيَدْعُوَهُمْ إِلَى وَلاَيَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ خُلَفَائِهِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)، وَ يَأْخُذَ بِهَا عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَهْدَ لِيُقِيمُوا عَلَيْهِ، وَ لِيَعْمَلَ بِهِ سَائِرُ عَوَامِّ الْأُمَمِ؛ فَلِهَذَا اِسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ كَمَا اسْتَكْبَرَ أَوَائِلُكُمْ حَتَّى قَتَلُوا زَكَرِيَّا وَ يَحْيَى، وَ اسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ حَتَّى رُمْتُمْ قَتْلَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)، فَخَيَّبَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى سَعْيَكُمْ، وَ رَدَّ فِي نُحُورِكُمْ كَيْدَكُمْ.

وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: تَقْتُلُونَ فَمَعْنَاهُ: قَتَلْتُمْ، كَمَا تَقُولُ لِمَنْ تُوَبِّخُهُ: وَيْلَكَ كَمْ تَكْذِبُ وَ كَمْ تَخْرِقُ، وَ لاَ تُرِيدُ مَا لَمْ يَفْعَلْهُ بَعْدُ، وَ إِنَّمَا تُرِيدُ: كَمْ فَعَلْتَ وَ أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِ مُوَطِّنٌ».

99-/546 _1- Imam al-‘Askarī (peace be upon him) said: “God, Mighty and Majestic, said—addressing the Jews for whom Muhammad (may God bless him and his family) displayed the miracles by those mountains and reproaching them: ‘And certainly We gave Moses the Book—the Torah—which contained Our rulings and the mention of the excellence of Muhammad and his pure family, and the leadership of ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him) and his successors after him, and the noble states of those who submit to him, and the wretched states of those who oppose him.

‘And We followed him up with the messengers,’ that is, We made a messenger follow after a messenger. ‘And We gave Jesus son of Mary clear proofs,’ manifest signs such as raising the dead, healing the blind and the leprous, and informing them of what they ate and what they stored up in their houses. ‘And We strengthened him with the Holy Spirit,’ and that is Jibrīl (peace be upon him)—this occurred when He raised him from the skylight of his house to the heaven and cast his likeness upon the one who sought to kill him, so that he was killed in his place; and it is said: it was the Messiah himself.”

And the Imam (peace be upon him) said: “Then God, Mighty and Majestic, directed blame toward those Jews mentioned in His saying: ‘Then your hearts hardened’ (2:74; M. H. Shakir), saying: ‘What! whenever a messenger came to you with what your souls did not desire’—that is, he took your pledges and covenants regarding what you did not like: that whoever offered obedience to God’s most excellent friends and His chosen servants, Muhammad and his pure, immaculate family, for what they said to you—as your forefathers conveyed to you when it was said to them: the guardianship (wilāyah) of Muhammad and the family of Muhammad is the ultimate aim and the most excellent goal; God did not create anyone among His creation nor send any of His messengers except to call them to the guardianship of Muhammad and ‘Alī and their successors (peace be upon them), and to take a covenant upon them thereby so that they maintain it, and so that the common folk of all nations act by it—therefore you acted arrogantly as your predecessors acted arrogantly until they killed Zakariyyā and Yaḥyā; and you acted arrogantly until you sought to kill Muhammad and ‘Alī (peace be upon them both). But God, Exalted, frustrated your endeavor and turned your plot back upon you.

As for His saying, Mighty and Majestic: ‘you kill,’ its meaning is: ‘you killed,’ just as you say to one you rebuke, ‘Woe to you, how much you lie and how much you fabricate,’ not intending what he has not yet done, but intending: how much you have done, and you persist in it.”

99-/547 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «أَ فَكُلَّمَا جَاءَكُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) بِمَا لاَ تَهْوَى أَنْفُسُكُمْ بِوَلاَيَةِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) اسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ؛ فَفَرِيقاً مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ) كَذَّبْتُمْ، وَ فَرِيقاً تَقْتُلُونَ».

99-/547 _2- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qūb: from Aḥmad ibn Idrīs, from Muḥammad ibn Ḥassān, from Muḥammad ibn ‘Alī, from ‘Ammār ibn Marwān, from Jābir, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “Is it that whenever Muhammad (may God bless him and his family) came to you with what your souls did not desire—namely the guardianship of ‘Alī (peace be upon him)—you acted arrogantly? So a group from the family of Muhammad (peace be upon them) you called liars, and a group you kill.”

99-/548 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: أَ فَكُلَّمٰا جٰاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ بِمٰا لاٰ تَهْوىٰ أَنْفُسُكُمُ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ: «ذَلِكَ مِثْلُ مُوسَى وَ الرُّسُلِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ عِيسَى(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ)، ضَرَبَ مَثَلاً لِأُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ: فَإِنْ جَاءَكُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ بِمَا لاَ تَهْوَى أَنْفُسُكُمْ بِمُوَالاَةِ عَلِيٍّ اسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ؛ فَفَرِيقاً مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَذَّبْتُمْ، وَ فَرِيقاً تَقْتُلُونَ، فَذَلِكَ تَفْسِيرُهَا فِي الْبَاطِنِ».

99-/548 _3- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Jābir, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said regarding His saying: ‘What! whenever then an apostle came to you with that which your souls did not desire’: “That is like Moses and the messengers after him and Jesus (blessings of God upon them). He set forth a parable for the community of Muhammad (may God bless him and his family), so God said to them: if Muhammad came to you with what your souls did not desire—namely the allegiance to ‘Alī—you acted arrogantly; so a group from the family of Muhammad you called liars, and a group you kill. That is its inner interpretation.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ قٰالُوا قُلُوبُنٰا غُلْفٌ بَلْ لَعَنَهُمُ اللّٰهُ بِكُفْرِهِمْ فَقَلِيلاً مٰا يُؤْمِنُونَ[88]

Translation (Qur’an 2:88, M. H. Shakir): And they say: Our hearts are covered. Nay, Allah has cursed them on account of their unbelief; so little it is that they believe.

99-/549 _1- قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ قٰالُوا يَعْنِي هَؤُلاَءِ الْيَهُودَ الَّذِي أَرَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) الْمُعْجِزَاتِ الْمَذْكُورَاتِ عِنْدَ قَوْلِهِ: فَهِيَ كَالْحِجٰارَةِ الْآيَةَ قُلُوبُنٰا غُلْفٌ أَوْعِيَةٌ لِلْخَيْرِ وَ الْعُلُومُ، قَدْ أَحَاطَتْ بِهَا وَ اشْتَمَلَتْ عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ هِيَ مَعَ ذَلِكَ لاَ تَعْرِفُ لَكَ-يَا مُحَمَّدُ-فَضْلاً مَذْكُوراً فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ كُتُبِ اللَّهِ، وَ لاَ عَلَى لِسَانِ أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَنْبِيَاءِ اللَّهِ.

فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى رَدّاً عَلَيْهِمْ: بَلْ لَيْسَ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ أَوْعِيَةٌ لِلْعُلُومِ، وَ لَكِنْ قَدْ لَعَنَهُمُ اللّٰهُ أَبْعَدَهُمُ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ فَقَلِيلاً مٰا يُؤْمِنُونَ قَلِيلٌ إِيمَانُهُمْ، يُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ، وَ يَكْفُرُونَ بِبَعْضٍ، فَإِذَا كَذَّبُوا مُحَمَّداً فِي سَائِرِ مَا يَقُولُ: فَقَدْ صَارَ مَا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ أَكْثَرَ، وَ مَا صَدَّقُوا بِهِ أَقَلَّ.

وَ إِذَا قُرِئَ(غُلُفٌ) فَإِنَّهُمْ قَالُوا: قُلُوبُنَا غُلُفٌ فِي غِطَاءٍ، فَلاَ نَفْهَمُ كَلاَمَكَ وَ حَدِيثَكَ، نَحْوُ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ قٰالُوا قُلُوبُنٰا فِي أَكِنَّةٍ مِمّٰا تَدْعُونٰا إِلَيْهِ وَ فِي آذٰانِنٰا وَقْرٌ وَ مِنْ بَيْنِنٰا وَ بَيْنِكَ حِجٰابٌ وَ كِلاَ الْقِرَاءَتَيْنِ حَقٌّ، وَ قَدْ قَالُوا بِهَذَا وَ بِهَذَا جَمِيعاً.

ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): مَعَاشِرَ الْيَهُودِ، تُعَانِدُونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَ تَأْبَوْنَ الاِعْتِرَافَ بِأَنَّكُمْ كُنْتُمْ بِذُنُوبِكُمْ مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يُعَذِّبُ بِهَا أَحَداً، وَ لاَ يُزِيلُ عَنْ فَاعِلِ هَذَا عَذَابَهُ أَبَداً، إِنَّ آدَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) لَمْ يَقْتَرِحْ عَلَى رَبِّهِ الْمَغْفِرَةَ لِذَنْبِهِ إِلاَّ بِالتَّوْبَةِ، فَكَيْفَ تَقْتَرِحُونَهَا أَنْتُمْ مَعَ عِنَادِكُمْ؟! قِيلَ: وَ كَيْفَ كَانَ ذَاكَ، يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟

99-/549 _1- Imam al-‘Askarī (peace be upon him) said: “God, Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘And they say’—meaning these Jews to whom the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) showed the aforementioned miracles at His saying: ‘for they are like stones’ (2:74; M. H. Shakir)—‘Our hearts are ghulf,’ that is, vessels for goodness and knowledge that have encompassed and contained it; yet, even so, they do not recognize for you, O Muhammad, any merit mentioned in any of God’s Books, nor on the tongue of any of God’s prophets.

So God, Exalted, said in refutation of them: ‘Nay, not as they say—vessels for knowledge—but Allah has cursed them,’ that is, God has distanced them from good; ‘so little it is that they believe,’ their faith is small—they believe in some of what God has sent down and disbelieve in some. Thus when they belie Muhammad in most of what he says, what they belie becomes greater and what they attest becomes less.

And if it is read (ghuluf), then they said: ‘Our hearts are in a covering; we do not understand your speech and discourse,’ like His saying, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And they say: Our hearts are under coverings from that to which you call us, and there is a heaviness in our ears, and there is a veil between us and you’ (41:5; M. H. Shakir). Both readings are true, and they indeed said both.

Then the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) said: ‘O assembly of Jews! You stubbornly oppose the Messenger of God, Lord of the worlds, and refuse to acknowledge that you were among the ignorant on account of your sins. God does not punish anyone for them, nor does He ever remove His punishment from the one who acts thus. Adam (peace be upon him) did not solicit forgiveness from his Lord for his sin except through repentance—so how do you solicit it while you persist in obstinacy?’ It was asked: ‘And how was that, O Messenger of God?’”

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:67/48.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:67/48.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:51.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:51.

_1) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):260/371 و:264/379.

Transliteration: al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): 260/371 wa: 264/379.

[1] في«ط»نسخة بدل:أن يتلقّوا،و في«س»:أن يسلكوا.

Transliteration: fī “Ṭ” nuskha badal: an yatallaqqū, wa fī “S”: an yuslikū.

[2] في«س»،«ط»:بقتل.

Transliteration: fī “S”, “Ṭ”: bi-qatl.

[3] العبارة فيها ارتباك ظاهر،و في الكافي:فمنها كفر الجحود-و الجحود على وجهين-و الكفر بترك ما أمر اللّه،و كفر البراءة،و كفر النعم..الكافي 2:1/287.

al-‘ibārah fīhā irtibāk ẓāhir, wa fī al-Kāfī: fa-minhā kufr al-juhūd—wa al-juhūd ‘alā wajhayn—wa al-kufr bi-tark mā amara Allāh, wa kufr al-barā’ah, wa kufr al-ni‘am.. al-Kāfī 2:1/287.

[4] الرّبذة:من قرى المدينة على ثلاثة أيّام،قريبة من ذات عرق،و بهذا الموضع قبر أبي ذرّ الغفاري(رضوان اللّه تعالى عليه).«معجم البلدان 3: 24».

al-Rabadhah: min qurā al-Madīnah ‘alā thalāthat ayyām, qarībah min Dhāt ‘Irq, wa bi-hādhā al-mawḍi‘ qabr Abī Dharr al-Ghifārī (riḍwān Allāh ta‘ālā ‘alayh). “Mu‘jam al-Buldān 3:24”.

[1] في«س»نسخة بدل:أحكامها.

fī “S” nuskha badal: aḥkāmahā.

[2] في المصدر:فضل محمّد و عليّ و آلهما.

fī al-maṣdar: faḍl Muḥammad wa ‘Alī wa ālihima.

[3] الروزنة:الكوّة.«الصحاح-رزق-5:2123».

al-Rawzana: al-kuwwah. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ - rizq - 5:2123”.

[4] العذل:الملامة.«الصحاح-عذل-5:1762».و في«ط»:العدل.

al-‘adhl: al-malāmah. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ - ‘adhl - 5:1762”. wa fī “Ṭ”: al-‘adl.

[5] البقرة 2:74.

al-Baqarah 2:74.

[6] في«ط»نسخة بدل:ممّن أرسله.

fī “Ṭ” nuskha badal: mimman arsalah.

[7] التخرّق:لغة في التخلّق من الكذب.«الصحاح-خرق-4:1467»،و في المصدر:تمخرق.

al-takharruq: lughah fī al-takhalluq min al-kadhib. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ - kharaq - 4:1467”, wa fī al-maṣdar: tamakhruq.

[8] وطّن نفسه على الشّيء:حملها عليه و مهّد عليه و مهّد لها.و المعنى و أنت على الكذب مستمر و ثابت.

waṭṭana nafsahu ‘alā al-shay’: ḥamalahā ‘alayh wa mahhada ‘alayh wa mahhada lahā. wa al-ma‘nā wa anta ‘alā al-kadhib mustamirrun wa thābit.

[9] زاد في المصدر:عن منخل.و يصحّ السند بكلا الحالين،فقد روى عمّار عن منخل و عن جابر،أنظر معجم رجال الحديث 12:256.

zāda fī al-maṣdar: ‘an Minkhal. wa yaṣiḥḥ al-sanad bi-klā al-ḥālīn, faqad rawā ‘Ammār ‘an Minkhal wa ‘an Jābir, unẓur Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 12:256.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:68/49.

Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:68/49.

_1) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):266/390 و 267.

al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): 266/390 wa 267.

[1] البقرة 2:74.

al-Baqarah 2:74.

[2] القراءة المشهورة(غلف)بسكون اللاّم،و روي في الشواذ(غلف)بضمّ اللاّم،و الأولى جمع»الأغلف)مثل(أحمر و حمر)،و الثانية جمع (غلاف)مثل(حمار و حمر).«مجمع البيان للطبرسيّ 1:308».

al-qirā’ah al-mashhūrah (ghulf) bi-sukūn al-lām, wa ruwiya fī al-shawādhdh (ghuluf) bi-ḍamm al-lām, wa al-ūlā jam‘ al-aghlaf mithl (aḥmar wa ḥumr), wa al-thāniyah jam‘ (ghilāf) mithl (ḥimār wa ḥumur). “Majma‘ al-Bayān li-l-Ṭabrisī 1:308”.

[3] فصّلت 41:5.

Fuṣṣilat 41:5.