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فَإِذَا قَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ صَيَّرَ تِلْكَ الرُّوحَ فِي قَالَبٍ كَقَالَبِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا،فَيَأْكُلُونَ وَ يَشْرَبُونَ،فَإِذَا قَدِمَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقَادِمُ عَرَفُوهُ بِتِلْكَ الصُّورَةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ فِي الدُّنْيَا». وَ رَوَى الشَّيْخُ الطُّوسِيُّ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ):عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،مِثْلَهُ [1].

When Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, takes him, He places that soul in a form like its form in the world; they eat and drink, and when someone arrives to them, they recognize him by that image which he had in the world. And Shaykh al-Tusi narrated in al-Tahdhib, from Ali b. Mahziyar, from al-Hasan, from al-Qasim b. Muhammad, to the same effect. [1]

99- _1- وَ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ):عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادٍ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ أَرْوَاحِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟فَقَالَ:«فِي الْجَنَّةِ عَلَى صُوَرِ أَبْدَانِهِمْ،لَوْ رَأَيْتَهُ لَقُلْتَ فُلاَنٌ».

99-1 (al-Tahdhib 1:1527/466; cited in Majma‘ al-Bayan 1:434): In al-Tahdhib, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hammad, from Abu Basir, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the souls of the believers. He said: They are in the Garden in the images of their bodies; if you saw one of them you would say, “So-and-so.”

99- _2- وَ أَخْرَجَ أَحْمَدُ وَ مُسْلِمٌ وَ النَّسَائِيُّ وَ الْحَاكِمُ وَ صَحَّحَهُ،عَنْ أَنَسٍ،قَالَ:قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): «يُؤْتَى بِالرَّجُلِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ:يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ،كَيْفَ وَجَدْتَ مَنْزِلَكَ؟فَيَقُولُ:أَيْ رَبِّ خَيْرَ مَنْزِلٍ.فَيَقُولُ: سَلْ وَ تَمَنَّ.فَيَقُولُ:أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَرُدَّنِي إِلَى الدُّنْيَا فَأُقْتَلَ فِي سَبِيلِكَ عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ.لِمَا رَأَى مِنْ فَضْلِ الشَّهَادَةِ. قَالَ:«وَ يُؤْتَى بِالرَّجُلِ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ:يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ،كَيْفَ وَجَدْتَ مَنْزِلَكَ؟فَيَقُولُ:أَيْ رَبِّ،شَرَّ مَنْزِلِ. فَيَقُولُ:فَتَفْتَدِي مِنْهُ بِطِلاَعِ الْأَرْضِ ذَهَباً؟فَيَقُولُ:نَعَمْ.فَيَقُولُ:كَذَبْتَ،قَدْ سَأَلْتُكَ دُونَ ذَلِكَ فَلَمْ تَفْعَلْ».

99-2 (Musnad Ahmad 3:131, 239; Sunan al-Nasa’i 6:36; al-Mustadrak li’l-Hakim 2:75; al-Durr al-Manthur 1:276; 2:377): Ahmad, Muslim, al-Nasa’i, and al-Hakim—who declared it authentic—have transmitted from Anas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: A man from the people of the Garden is brought, and Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says to him: O son of Adam, how did you find your abode? He says: O Lord, the best abode. He says: Ask and wish. He says: I ask You to return me to the world so that I may be killed in Your path ten times—because of what he saw of the merit of martyrdom. He said: And a man from the people of the Fire is brought, and Allah says: O son of Adam, how did you find your abode? He says: O Lord, the worst abode. He says: Would you ransom yourself from it with the fill of the earth in gold? He says: Yes. He says: You lie; I asked you for less than that, but you did not do it.

قوله تعالى: إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ تٰابُوا وَ أَصْلَحُوا وَ بَيَّنُوا فَأُولٰئِكَ أَتُوبُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ أَنَا التَّوّٰابُ الرَّحِيمُ [160]

Qur’an 2:160 (M. H. Shakir): Except those who repent and amend and make manifest (the truth), these it is to whom I turn (mercifully), and I am the Oft-returning (to mercy), the Merciful.

99- _3- (التَّفْسِيرُ الْمَنْسُوبُ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ تٰابُوا مِنْ كِتْمَانِهِ وَ أَصْلَحُوا أَعْمَالَهُمْ،وَ أَصْلَحُوا مَا كَانُوا أَفْسَدُوهُ بِسُوءِ التَّأْوِيلِ،فَجَحَدُوا بِهِ فَضْلَ الْفَاضِلِ وَ اسْتِحْقَاقَ الْمُحِقِّ، وَ بَيَّنُوا مَا ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مِنْ نَعْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ صِفَتِهِ،وَ مِنْ ذِكْرِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ حِلْيَتِهِ،وَ مَا ذَكَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) فَأُولٰئِكَ أَتُوبُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَقْبَلُ تَوْبَتَهُمْ وَ أَنَا التَّوّٰابُ الرَّحِيمُ ».

99-3 (al-Tafsir al-mansub ila al-Imam al-‘Askari, p. 333/571): The Exegesis ascribed to Imam al-‘Askari (peace be upon him): Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: Except those who repent from concealing it, and rectify their deeds, and set right what they had corrupted by evil interpretation—by which they denied the merit of the meritorious and the due of the rightful—and who make clear what Allah, Exalted, mentioned of the description of Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family) and his attributes, and of the mention of ‘Ali (peace be upon him) and his qualities, and what the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) mentioned—then those are the ones upon whom I turn in mercy; I accept their repentance, and I am the Oft-returning (to mercy), the Merciful.

قوله تعالى: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَ مٰاتُوا وَ هُمْ كُفّٰارٌ أُولٰئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ لَعْنَةُ اللّٰهِ وَ الْمَلاٰئِكَةِ وَ النّٰاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا لاٰ يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمُ الْعَذٰابُ وَ لاٰ هُمْ يُنْظَرُونَ [161-162]

Qur’an 2:161-162 (M. H. Shakir): Surely those who disbelieve and die while they are unbelievers, these it is on whom is the curse of Allah and the angels and men, all; Abiding in it; their chastisement shall not be lightened nor shall they be given respite.

المراجع والحواشي:

_1) التهذيب 1:1527/466، عنه مجمع البيان 1:434.

_al-Tahdhīb_ 1:1527/466, ‘anhu _Majma‘ al-Bayān_ 1:434.

_2) مسند أحمد 3:131 و 239، سنن النسائي 6:36، مستدرك الحاكم 2:75، الدّر المنثور 1:276 و 2:377.

_Musnad Aḥmad_ 3:131 wa 239, _Sunan al-Nasā’ī_ 6:36, _Mustadrak al-Ḥākim_ 2:75, _al-Durr al-Manthūr_ 1:276 wa 2:377.

_3) التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):333/571.

_al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām)_: 333/571.

[1] التهذيب 1:1526/466، عنه مجمع البيان 1:434.

[1] _al-Tahdhīb_ 1:1526/466, ‘anhu _Majma‘ al-Bayān_ 1:434.