S 93 Ayat 6 to 11

قوله تعالى:

أَ لَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيماً فَآوىٰ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ أَمّٰا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ [6-11]

His saying, the Exalted: “Did He not find you an orphan and give you shelter” “And He found you wandering, so He guided [you]” “And He found you in need, so He enriched [you]” “Therefore, do not treat the orphan with harshness” “And as for the beggar, do not repel [him]” “And as for the bounty of your Lord, do proclaim”

99-/11709 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ،عَنْ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ الْوَاسِطِيِّ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: أَ لَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيماً فَآوىٰ :

«إِلَيْكَ النَّاسَ وَ وَجَدَكَ ضَالاًّ فَهَدىٰ أَيْ هَدَى إِلَيْكَ قَوْماً لاَ يَعْرِفُونَكَ حَتَّى عَرَفُوكَ وَ وَجَدَكَ عٰائِلاً فَأَغْنىٰ أَيْ وَجَدَكَ تَعُولُ أَقْوَاماً فَأَغْنَاهُمْ بِعِلْمِكَ».

99-/11709 1- ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm, said: Ḥaddathanā ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn, from Aḥmad ibn Abī ʿAbdillāh, from his father, from Khālid ibn Yazīd, from Abū al-Haytham al-Wāsiṭī, from Zurārah, from one of the two Imams (peace be upon them), regarding the saying of the Exalted:

“Did He not find you an orphan and give [you] shelter?”

He said: “[That is] He brought the people to you. And His saying: ‘And He found you wandering, so He guided’ – That is, He guided to you a people who did not know you, until they came to know you. And His saying: ‘And He found you in need, so He enriched’ – That is, He found you supporting [i.e., responsible for] a people, and He enriched them through your knowledge.”

99-/11710 _2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْقَطَّانُ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا بَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا تَمِيمُ بْنُ بُهْلُولٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْعَبْدِيِّ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ ابْنِ مِهْرَانَ،عَنْ عَبَايَةَ بْنِ رِبْعِيٍّ،عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: أَ لَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيماً فَآوىٰ [قَالَ:

إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ يَتِيماً لِأَنَّهُ]لَمْ يَكُنْ لَكَ نَظِيرٌ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَ[لاَ مِنْ]الْآخِرِينَ،فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مُمْتَنّاً عَلَيْهِ بِنِعَمِهِ [1]

99-/11710 Ibn Bābawayh said: Ḥaddathanā Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Qaṭṭān, said: Ḥaddathanā Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā ibn Zakarīyā al-Qaṭṭān, said: Ḥaddathanā Bakr ibn ʿAbdillāh ibn Ḥabīb, said: Ḥaddathanā Tamīm ibn Buhlūl, from his father, from Abū al-Ḥasan al-ʿAbdī, from Sulaymān ibn Mihrān, from ʿAbāyah ibn Ribʿī, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said:

I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “Did He not find you an orphan and give [you] shelter?” He said: “He was called ‘orphan’ because there was none like him on the face of the earth — neither among the earlier generations nor the later ones. So Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, said this in gratitude and favor upon him.”**

أَ لَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيماً أَيْ وَحِيداً لاَ نَظِيرَ لَكَ فَآوىٰ إِلَيْكَ النَّاسَ وَ عَرَّفَهُمْ فَضْلَكَ حَتَّى عَرَفُوكَ وَ وَجَدَكَ ضَالاًّ يَقُولُ:مَنْسُوباً عِنْدَ قَوْمِكَ إِلَى الضَّلاَلَةِ فَهَدَاهُمُ اللَّهُ بِمَعْرِفَتِكَ [2]وَ وَجَدَكَ عٰائِلاً يَقُولُ:

فَقِيراً عِنْدَ قَوْمِكَ،يَقُولُونَ:لاَ مَالَ لَكَ،فَأَغْنَاكَ اللَّهُ بِمَالِ خَدِيجَةَ،ثُمَّ زَادَكَ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ،فَجَعَلَ دُعَاءَكَ مُسْتَجَاباً حَتَّى لَوْ دَعَوْتَ عَلَى حَجَرٍ أَنْ يَجْعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَكَ ذَهَباً،لَنَقَلَ عَيْنَهُ إِلَى مُرَادِكَ،فَأَتَاكَ بِالطَّعَامِ حَيْثُ لاَ طَعَامَ،وَ أَتَاكَ بِالْمَاءِ حَيْثُ لاَ مَاءَ،وَ أَعَانَكَ [3]بِالْمَلاَئِكَةِ حَيْثُ لاَ مُغِيثَ،فَأَظْفَرَكَ بِهِمْ عَلَى أَعْدَائِكَ.

“Did He not find you an orphan…” – That is, alone, with no equal to you – “…and sheltered [you]”, meaning: He turned the people towards you and made them aware of your excellence until they recognized you.

“And He found you lost…”, meaning: Labeled by your people as being upon misguidance – “…so He guided [them] through knowledge of you.”

“And He found you poor…”, meaning: Without wealth in the view of your people – they would say: "You possess no wealth." So Allah enriched you through the wealth of Khadijah, and then increased you out of His bounty. He made your supplications answered such that, were you to pray for a stone to be turned into gold, He would shift its nature to your desire.

He brought you food where there was no food, and brought you water where there was no water, and supported you with the angels where there was no helper – and thus granted you victory over your enemies.

_9) -...ينابيع المودة:46.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:427.

_2) -معاني الأخبار:4/52.

[1] في المصدر:بنعمته.

[2] في المصدر:فهداهم لمعرفتك.

[3] في المصدر:و أغاثك.

Translation of Footnotes:

[1] In the source: with His blessing (بنعمته). [2] In the source: so He guided them to know you (فهداهم لمعرفتك). [3] In the source: and He aided you (و أغاثك).

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99-/11711 _3- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا تَمِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ النَّيْسَابُورِيِّ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ،قَالَ: حَضَرْتُ مَجْلِسَ الْمَأْمُونِ-فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي فِيهِ ذِكْرُ الْآيَاتِ الَّتِي سَأَلَ الْمَأْمُونُ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي عِصْمَةِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ-قَالَ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِنَبِيِّهِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): أَ لَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيماً فَآوىٰ يَقُولُ:أَ لَمْ يَجِدْكَ وَحِيداً فَآوَى إِلَيْكَ النَّاسَ وَ وَجَدَكَ ضَالاًّ يَعْنِي عِنْدَ قَوْمِكَ فَهَدىٰ أَيْ هَدَاهُمْ إِلَى مَعْرِفَتِكَ وَ وَجَدَكَ عٰائِلاً فَأَغْنىٰ يَقُولُ:أَغْنَاكَ بِأَنْ جَعَلَ دُعَاءَكَ مُسْتَجَاباً».فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ:بَارَكَ اللَّهُ فِيكَ يَا بْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ.

99-/11711

3- And from him, he said: Tamīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Tamīm al-Qurashī narrated to us, saying: My father narrated to me, from Ḥamdān ibn Sulaymān al-Naysābūrī, from ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Jahm, who said:

I was present in the assembly of al-Maʾmūn — and he mentioned the narration in which al-Maʾmūn asked al-Riḍā (peace be upon him) about the verses relating to the infallibility of the Prophets — al-Riḍā (peace be upon him) said:

“Allah, the Exalted, said to His Prophet Muḥammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): Did He not find you an orphan and give [you] shelter? — meaning: Did He not find you alone and then brought the people to you? And He found you lost, so He guided — meaning: [He found you] deemed misguided by your people, so He guided them to recognize you. And He found you poor, so He enriched [you] — meaning: He enriched you by making your supplications answered.”

So al-Maʾmūn said, “May Allah bless you, O son of the Messenger of Allah.”

/11712 _4-علي بن إبراهيم أيضا:ثم قال: أَ لَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيماً فَآوىٰ قال:اليتيم:الذي لا مثل له،و لذلك سميت الدرة اليتيمة لأنّه لا مثل لها وَ وَجَدَكَ عٰائِلاً فَأَغْنىٰ بالوحي،فلا تسأل عن شيء إلاّ نبئته [1]وَ وَجَدَكَ ضَالاًّ فَهَدىٰ ،قال:وجدك ضالا في قوم لا يعرفون فضل نبوتك،فهداهم اللّه بك.

99-/11712

4- ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm also said:

Then he said: “Did He not find you an orphan, and give [you] shelter?” — he said: The orphan is the one who has no equal, and for that reason a unique pearl is called “yateemah” (orphaned), because it has no equal.

“And He found you poor, so He enriched [you]” — through revelation, so you are not asked about anything except that you are informed of it.

“And He found you lost, so He guided” — he said: He found you amidst a people who did not recognize the excellence of your prophethood, so Allah guided them through you.

قوله: فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلاٰ تَقْهَرْ أي لا تظلم،و المخاطبة للنبي(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)و المعنى للناس، قوله: وَ أَمَّا السّٰائِلَ فَلاٰ تَنْهَرْ أي لا ترد [2]، قوله: وَ أَمّٰا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ ،قال:بما أنزل اللّه عليك و أمرك به من الصلاة و الزكاة و الصوم و الحجّ و الولاية،و ما فضلك اللّه به فحدث.

His saying: “As for the orphan, do not oppress” — meaning: do not wrong him. The address is to the Prophet (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa ālihi), but the meaning applies to all people.

His saying: “And as for the beggar, do not repel” — meaning: do not turn him away [2].

His saying: “And as for the blessing of your Lord, proclaim it” — he said: by what Allah has revealed to you and commanded you — of prayer, zakāt, fasting, ḥajj, and wilāyah (guardianship). And [proclaim] what Allah has favored you with — so speak of it.

99-/11713 _5- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ،عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ،عَنْ فَضْلٍ الْبَقْبَاقِ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ أَمّٰا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ ،قَالَ:«الَّذِي أَنْعَمَ عَلَيْكَ بِمَا فَضَّلَكَ وَ أَعْطَاكَ وَ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْكَ»ثُمَّ قَالَ:«فَحَدِّثْ بِدِينِهِ وَ مَا أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ وَ مَا أَنْعَمَ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ».

99-/11713 5- Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb: With his chain of transmission, from Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Abī Naṣr, from Dāwūd ibn al-Ḥuṣayn, from Faḍl al-Baqbaq, who said:

I asked Abū ʿAbdillāh (ʿalayhi al-salām) about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “And as for the blessing of your Lord, proclaim it”, He said: “It is [referring to] that which He has favored you with, and given to you, and done good to you.” Then he said: “So proclaim His religion and what Allah has given him, and the blessings He bestowed upon him.”

99-/11714 _6- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيُّ:عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ،عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ،عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ،قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ يَطُوفَانِ بِالْبَيْتِ،فَسَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ،فَقُلْتُ:قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: وَ أَمّٰا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ ؟قَالَ:أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِمَا أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ.

ثُمَّ إِنِّي قُلْتُ لِلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: وَ أَمّٰا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ قَالَ:«أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِمَا أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ دِينِهِ».

99-/11714 6- Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Khālid al-Barqī: From al-Washshāʾ, from ʿĀṣim ibn Ḥumayd, from ʿAmrū ibn Abī Naṣr, who said:

A man from Basra narrated to me: I saw al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī (ʿalayhi al-salām) and ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmar making ṭawāf around the Kaʿbah. I asked Ibn ʿUmar, saying: “[What about] the saying of Allah, the Exalted: ‘And as for the blessing of your Lord, proclaim it’?” He said: “He was commanded to speak of what Allah had bestowed upon him.”

Then I said to al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī (ʿalayhi al-salām): “The saying of Allah, the Exalted: ‘And as for the blessing of your Lord, proclaim it’?” He said: “He was commanded to proclaim what Allah had bestowed upon him from His religion.”

_3) -عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام)1:1/199.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:427.

_5) -الكافي 2:5/77.

_6) -المحاسن:115/218.

[1] في المصدر:شيء أحدا.

[2] في المصدر:و«ط»نسخة بدل:أي لا تطرد.

[1] In the source: shayʾan aḥadan (a thing — anyone). [2] In the source and in "Ṭ" (an alternate manuscript): i.e., do not drive away (the beggar).

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