S 107 Ayat 1 to 7

قوله تعالى:

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ أَ رَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ يَمْنَعُونَ الْمٰاعُونَ [1-7]

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Have you considered him who calls the judgment a lie? That is the one who treats the orphan with harshness, And does not urge (others) to feed the poor. So woe to the praying ones, Who are unmindful of their prayers, Who do (good) to be seen, And withhold the necessaries of life.

99-/11921 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ عَاصِمٍ،عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الرَّمَادِيِّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ جَدِّهِ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:

أَ رَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ ،قَالَ:«بِوَلاَيَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

99-/11921 Muḥammad ibn al-ʿAbbās said: Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Zakariyyā ibn ʿĀṣim narrated to us, from al-Haytham, from ʿAbdullāh al-Ramādī, who said: ʿAlī ibn Mūsā ibn Jaʿfar narrated to us, from his father, from his grandfather (peace be upon them all), regarding the saying of the Mighty and Majestic:

“Have you considered him who calls the judgment a lie” [Qur’an 107:1], he said:

“It refers to rejection of the wilayah of the Commander of the Faithful, ʿAlī (peace be upon him).”

M. H. Shakir Translation of Qur’an 107:1: “Have you considered him who calls the judgment a lie?”

99-/11922 _2- وَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُمْهُورٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: أَ رَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ ،قَالَ:«بِالْوَلاَيَةِ [1]».

99-/11922 _2- And from Muḥammad ibn Jumhūr, from ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Kathīr, from Abū Jamīlah, from Abū Usāmah, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of the Mighty and Majestic:

“Have you considered him who calls the judgment a lie” [Qur’an 107:1], he said:

“It refers to the rejection of the wilayah (authority).”

/11923 _3-علي بن إبراهيم،في معنى السورة:قوله تعالى: أَ رَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ قال:نزلت في أبي جهل و كفّار قريش فَذٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ ،أي يدفعه عن حقه وَ لاٰ يَحُضُّ عَلىٰ طَعٰامِ الْمِسْكِينِ أي لا يرغب في طعام المسكين،ثمّ قال: فَوَيْلٌ لِلْمُصَلِّينَ* اَلَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ صَلاٰتِهِمْ سٰاهُونَ قال:عنى به التاركين،لأن كل إنسان يسهو في الصلاة [2]،و

/11923 _3- ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm, regarding the meaning of the sūrah, said about His saying:

“Have you considered him who calls the judgment a lie” [Qur’an 107:1]:

He said: “It was revealed about Abū Jahl and the disbelievers of Quraysh. As for the one who rejects the religion, it refers to him. And ‘he who drives away the orphan’ means that he denies the orphan his right. ‘And does not encourage the feeding of the poor’ means that he does not encourage giving to the poor.”

Then he said: “So woe to those who pray, Those who are unmindful of their prayers.” [Qur’an 107:4–5] He said: “This refers to those who abandon their prayers, because every person may forget in prayer, but those who leave it entirely are meant.”

عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الَّذِي يُؤَخِّرُهَا عَنْ أَوَّلِ الْوَقْتِ إِلَى آخِرِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ [3]عُذْرٍ».

From Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), he said:

“The one who delays the prayer from its earliest time to its latest time without any valid excuse.”

_1) -تأويل الآيات 2:1/855.

_2) -تأويل الآيات 2:2/855.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:444.

[1] زاد في المصدر:يعني أنّ الدين هو الولاية.

[1] It is added in the source: "meaning that the religion is the wilayah."

[2] في«ط،ي»زيادة:فهو كالتارك لها.

[3] فِي الْمَصْدَرِ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): تَأْخِيرُ الصَّلاَةِ عَنْ أَوَّلِ وَقْتِهَا لِغَيْرِ.

[3] In the source, it is mentioned: Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him) said: "Delaying the prayer from its earliest time without a valid reason."

Page 768 in Arabic

اَلَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرٰاؤُنَ فيما يفعلون وَ يَمْنَعُونَ الْمٰاعُونَ مثل السراج و النار و الخمير و أشباه ذلك من الآلات [1]التي يحتاج إليها الناس ،و

فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى: «الْخُمُسُ وَ الزَّكَاةُ».

“Those who show off in what they do, and withhold the maʿūn (small acts of kindness) such as lamps, fire, yeast, and other tools that people need.

And in another narration: “The khums and the zakāh.”

99-/11924 _4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الْعَبْدَ الصَّالِحَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: اَلَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ صَلاٰتِهِمْ سٰاهُونَ ،قَالَ:«هُوَ التَّضْيِيعُ».

99-/11924 _4- Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb, from Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā, from Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, from al-Ḥusayn, from Muḥammad ibn al-Fuḍayl, who said:

“I asked the righteous servant (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: ‘Those who are unmindful of their prayers’ [Qur’an 107:5], He said: ‘It refers to negligence.’”

99-/11925 _5- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ،عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَا،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ يَمْنَعُونَ الْمٰاعُونَ ،قَالَ:«هُوَ الْقَرْضُ يُقْرِضُهُ،وَ الْمَعْرُوفُ يَصْطَنِعُهُ،وَ مَتَاعُ الْبَيْتِ يُعِيرُهُ،وَ مِنْهُ الزَّكَاةُ».

فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:إِنَّ لَنَا جِيرَاناً إِذَا أَعَرْنَاهُمْ مَتَاعاً كَسَرُوهُ وَ أَفْسَدُوهُ،فَعَلَيْنَا جُنَاحٌ أَنْ نَمْنَعَهُمْ؟فَقَالَ:«لاَ،لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ تَمْنَعُوهُمْ إِذَا كَانُوا كَذَلِكَ».

99-/11925 _5- And from him: from ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm, from his father, from al-Ḥusayn ibn Saʿīd, from Faḍālah ibn Ayyūb, from Abū al-Maghrah, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “And they withhold the maʿūn (small acts of kindness)” [Qur’an 107:7], he said:

“It refers to lending, performing acts of kindness, lending household items, and it includes the zakāh.”

I said to him: “We have neighbors, and when we lend them items, they break them and spoil them. Is there any harm in us withholding from them?”

He said: “No, there is no harm in withholding from them if they behave in that manner.”

99-/11926 _6- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ:عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ [2](عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ آبَائِهِ،عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: لَيْسَ عَمَلٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ،فَلاَ يَشْغَلَنَّكُمْ عَنْ أَوْقَاتِهَا شَيْءٌ مِنْ أُمُورِ الدُّنْيَا،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ذَمَّ أَقْوَاماً فَقَالَ: اَلَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ صَلاٰتِهِمْ سٰاهُونَ يَعْنِي أَنَّهُمْ غَافِلُونَ،اسْتَهَانُوا بِأَوْقَاتِهَا».

99-/11926 _6- Ibn Bābawayh, from Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him), who said:

“My father narrated to me, from his fathers, from the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), who said: There is no deed more beloved to Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, than prayer. So let nothing distract you from its times, not even the matters of this world. Indeed, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, condemned some people and said: ‘Those who are unmindful of their prayers’ [Qur’an 107:5], meaning they are heedless and have trivialized its times.”

99-/11927 _7- الطَّبْرِسِيُّ:رَوَى الْعَيَّاشِيُّ بِالْإِسْنَادِ،عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: اَلَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ صَلاٰتِهِمْ سٰاهُونَ أَ هِيَ وَسْوَسَةُ الشَّيْطَانِ؟فَقَالَ:«لاَ،كُلَّ أَحَدٍ يُصِيبُهُ هَذَا،وَ لَكِنْ أَنْ يَغْفُلَهَا وَ يَدَعَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَهَا فِي أَوَّلِ وَقْتِهَا».

99-/11927 _7- Al-Ṭabrisī: Al-ʿAyāshī narrated with his chain of transmission, from Yūnus ibn ʿAmār, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), who said:

“I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: ‘Those who are unmindful of their prayers’ [Qur’an 107:5]. Is it the whispering of Satan?” He replied: ‘No, everyone is affected by this, but it refers to one who neglects the prayer and leaves it without praying it at its proper time.’”

99-/11928 _8- وَ عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: اَلَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ صَلاٰتِهِمْ سٰاهُونَ ،قَالَ:«هُوَ التَّرْكُ لَهَا وَ التَّوَانِي عَنْهَا».

99-/11928 _8- And from Abū Usāmah Zayd al-Shḥām, who said:

“I asked Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: ‘Those who are unmindful of their prayers’ [Qur’an 107:5]. He said: ‘It refers to abandoning it and delaying it.’”

99-/11929 _9- وَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «هُوَ التَّضْيِيعُ لَهَا».

99-/11929 _9- And from Muḥammad ibn al-Fuḍayl, from Abū al-Ḥasan (peace be upon him), who said:

“It refers to neglecting it.”

99-/11930 _10- الطَّبْرِسِيُّ، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ يَمْنَعُونَ الْمٰاعُونَ ،قَالَ:اُخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ،فَقِيلَ:هُوَ الزَّكَاةُ

الْمَفْرُوضَةُ،عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ،وَ الْحَسَنِ،وَ قَتَادَةَ،وَ الضَّحَّاكِ، قَالَ:وَ رُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).

99-/11930 _10- Al-Ṭabrisī, regarding the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “And they withhold the maʿūn” [Qur’an 107:7], said:

“There is a difference of opinion regarding it. Some said it refers to the obligatory zakāt, as reported from ʿAlī (peace be upon him), Ibn ʿUmar, al-Ḥasan, Qatādah, and al-Ḍaḥḥāk. This was also narrated from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him).”

_4) -الكافي 3:5/268.

_5) -الكافي 3:9/499.

_6) -الخصال:10/621.

_7) -مجمع البيان 10:834.

_8) -مجمع البيان 10:834.

_9) -مجمع البيان 10:834.

_10) -مجمع البيان 10:834.

[1] في المصدر:ذلك ممّا.

[2] في المصدر:عن أبي عبد اللّه.

Page 769 in Arabic

99-/11931 _11- وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «هُوَ الْقَرْضُ تُقْرِضُهُ،وَ الْمَعْرُوفُ تَصْنَعُهُ، وَ مَتَاعُ الْبَيْتِ تُعِيرُهُ،وَ مِنْهُ الزَّكَاةُ».

[قَالَ]:فَقُلْتُ:إِنَّ لَنَا جِيرَاناً إِذَا أَعَرْنَاهُمْ مَتَاعاً كَسَرُوهُ،[وَ أَفْسَدُوهُ أَ]فَعَلَيْنَا جُنَاحٌ أَنْ نَمْنَعَهُمْ؟فَقَالَ:«[لاَ]، لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ تَمْنَعَهُمْ إِذَا كَانُوا كَذَلِكَ».

99-/11931 _11- And Abū Baṣīr narrated from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), who said:

“It refers to lending (a loan), doing acts of kindness, lending household items, and it includes zakāt.”

He said: “I said, ‘We have neighbors, and when we lend them items, they break them and spoil them. Is there any harm in us withholding from them?’” He replied: “No, there is no harm in withholding from them if they behave in that manner.”

_11) -مجمع البيان 10:834.

Page 770 in Arabic