S 56 Ayat 82 to 87

قوله تعالى:

وَ تَجْعَلُونَ رِزْقَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ -إلى قوله تعالى- تَرْجِعُونَهٰا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صٰادِقِينَ [82-87]

1. And you make (the thanks for) your sustenance that you deny (the Giver).
2. Why is it not then that when it (the soul) comes up to the throat,
3. And you at that time look on—
4. And We are nearer to it than you, but you do not see—
5. Then why is it not—if you are not held under authority—
6. That you send it back, if you are truthful?

_4) -مجمع البيان 9:341.

_5) -نهج البيان 3:284.«مخطوط».

_1) -التهذيب 1:344/127.

_2) -مجمع البيان 9:341.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:349.

[1] في نسخة من المصدر:خطه.

[1] In one copy of the source: its script (khaṭṭahu).

Page 272 in Arabic

99-/10441 _3- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةُ وَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَزَّازُ،جَمِيعاً،عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،عَنْ ثَابِتِ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبَانُ بْنُ تَغْلِبَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى الثَّعْلَبِيِّ،وَ لاَ أَرَانِي سَمِعْتُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ: أَنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَرَأَ بِهِمُ الْوَاقِعَةَ(وَ تَجْعَلُونَ شُكْرَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ)فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ،قَالَ:«إِنِّي عَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ سَيَقُولُ قَائِلٌ:لِمَ قَرَأَ هَكَذَا، إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يَقْرَأُهَا هَكَذَا،وَ كَانُوا إِذَا مُطِرُوا قَالُوا:مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ [1]كَذَا وَ كَذَا،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ (وَ تَجْعَلُونَ شُكْرَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ)».

99-/10441 ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm said: Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Thābit narrated to us, who said: al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad ibn Samāʿah and Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Qazzāz — both — from Ṣāliḥ ibn Khālid, from Thābit ibn Shurayḥ, who said:

Abān ibn Taghlib narrated to me, from ʿAbd al-Aʿlā al-Thaʿlabī — and I do not think I heard it except from ʿAbd al-Aʿlā — who said: Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī narrated to me that:

ʿAlī (peace be upon him) recited Sūrat al-Wāqiʿah with the verse: “And you make your thanks that you deny” (wa tajʿalūna shukrakum annakum tukadhdhibūn) [Qur’an 56:82].

When he had finished, he said: “I know that someone will say: ‘Why did he recite it this way?’ Verily, I heard the Messenger of Allah (blessings of Allah be upon him and his family) recite it this way.

Indeed, when rain would fall, they would say: ‘We were given rain by the rising of such-and-such star.’

So Allah revealed about them: ‘And you make your thanks that you deny.’”

[1] They would say: “Muṭirnā bī-naw’i kadha wa kadha” – “We were given rain by the rising of such-and-such constellation.”

99-/10442 _2- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ تَجْعَلُونَ رِزْقَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ ،قَالَ:«بَلْ هِيَ: (وَ تَجْعَلُونَ شُكْرَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ)»

99-/10442 And from him, he said: ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn narrated to us, from Aḥmad ibn Abī ʿAbdillāh, from his father, from Ibn Abī ʿUmayr, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of the Exalted: “And you make (the thanks for) your sustenance that you deny” [Qur’an 56:82] — He said: “Rather, it is: ‘And you make your thanks that you deny’ (wa tajʿalūna shukrakum annakum tukadhdhibūn).”

99-/10443 _3- شَرَفُ الدِّينِ النَّجَفِيُّ،قَالَ:جَاءَ فِي تَأْوِيلِ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ الْبَاطِنُ،فِي حَدِيثِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْهُمْ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ) وَ تَجْعَلُونَ رِزْقَكُمْ أَيْ شُكْرَكُمُ النِّعْمَةَ الَّتِي رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ وَ مَا مَنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ بِوَصِيَّةٍ فَلَوْ لاٰ إِذٰا بَلَغَتِ الْحُلْقُومَ* وَ أَنْتُمْ حِينَئِذٍ تَنْظُرُونَ إِلَى وَصِيِّهِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بَشِّرْ وَلِيَّهُ بِالْجَنَّةِ،وَ عَدُوَّهُ بِالنَّارِ وَ نَحْنُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْكُمْ يَعْنِي أَقْرَبُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْكُمْ وَ لٰكِنْ لاٰ تُبْصِرُونَ أَيْ لاَ تَعْرِفُونَ.

99-/10443 Sharaf al-Dīn al-Najafī said: It is reported in the inner interpretation (taʾwīl al-bāṭin) from the People of the House (peace be upon them), in the narration of Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm, from them (peace be upon them):

“And you make (the thanks for) your sustenance that you deny” [Qur’an 56:82] — that is, your gratitude for the blessing which Allah has provided you, and for what He has granted you through Muḥammad and the family of Muḥammad — that you deny the waṣiyyah (Divine appointment of the successor).

“Why is it not then that when it (the soul) comes up to the throat” [Qur’an 56:83] “And you at that time look on” [Qur’an 56:84] — to his successor, the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him): give glad tidings to his friend of Paradise, and his enemy of Hellfire.

“And We are nearer to it than you, but you do not see” [Qur’an 56:85] — meaning: We are nearer to the Commander of the Faithful than you, but you do not perceive — that is, you do not recognize.

99-/10444 _4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَلَوْ لاٰ إِذٰا بَلَغَتِ الْحُلْقُومَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صٰادِقِينَ ؟فَقَالَ:«إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الْحُلْقُومَ،ثُمَّ رَأَى مَنْزِلَهُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ،فَيَقُولُ:رُدُّونِي إِلَى الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى أُخْبِرَ أَهْلِي بِمَا أَرَى،فَيُقَالُ لَهُ:لَيْسَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ سَبِيلٌ».

99-/10444 Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb, from Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā, from Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā, from al-Ḥusayn ibn Saʿīd, from al-Naḍr ibn Suwayd, from Yaḥyā al-Ḥalabī, from Sulaymān ibn Dāwūd, from Abū Baṣīr, who said:

I said to Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of the Mighty and Majestic: “Why is it not then that when it (the soul) comes up to the throat … to His saying: if you are truthful?” [Qur’an 56:83–87] He said: “When it reaches the throat, then he sees his place in Paradise, and he says: ‘Return me to the world so that I may inform my family of what I see.’ It is said to him: ‘There is no way to that.’”

99-/10445 _5- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ فِي كِتَابِ(الزُّهْدِ):عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):مَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: فَلَوْ لاٰ إِذٰا بَلَغَتِ الْحُلْقُومَ * وَ أَنْتُمْ حِينَئِذٍ تَنْظُرُونَ* وَ نَحْنُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْكُمْ وَ لٰكِنْ لاٰ تُبْصِرُونَ* فَلَوْ لاٰ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ غَيْرَ مَدِينِينَ* تَرْجِعُونَهٰا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صٰادِقِينَ .

قَالَ:«إِنَّ نَفْسَ الْمُحْتَضَرِ إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الْحُلْقُومَ وَ كَانَ مُؤْمِناً،رَأَى مَنْزِلَهُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ،فَيَقُولُ:رُدُّونِي إِلَى الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى أُخْبِرَ أَهْلَهَا بِمَا أَرَى،فَيُقَالُ لَهُ:لَيْسَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ سَبِيلٌ».

99-/10445 Al-Ḥusayn ibn Saʿīd in the book al-Zuhd, from al-Naḍr ibn Suwayd, from Yaḥyā al-Ḥalabī, from Sulaymān ibn Dāwūd, from Abū Baṣīr, who said:

I said to Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him): What is the meaning of the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted: “Why is it not then that when it (the soul) comes up to the throat – And you at that time look on – And We are nearer to it than you, but you do not see – Then why is it not—if you are not held under authority— That you send it back, if you are truthful?” [Qur’an 56:83–87]

He said: “When the soul of the dying person reaches the throat, and he is a believer, he sees his place in Paradise, and he says: ‘Return me to the world so that I may inform my family of what I see.’ It is said to him: ‘There is no way to that.’”

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:349.

_3) -تأويل الآيات 2:9/644.

_4) -الكافي 3:15/135.

_5) -الزهد:223/84.

[1] النّوء:سقوط نجم من المنازل في المغرب مع الفجر و طلوع رقبه من المشرق يقابله من ساعته في كلّ ليلة إلى ثلاثة عشر يوما،و كانت العرب تضيف الأمطار و الرياح و الحرّ و البرد إلى الساقط منها.«الصحاح 1:79».

[1] In the source: “An-Nu’” means the falling of a star from its dwellings in the Maghrib at dawn, and the rising of its neck in the Mashriq, corresponding to its appointed time each night for thirteen days. The Arabs used to add to those that fell the phenomena of rain, winds, heat, and cold. (Reference: al-Ṣaḥāḥ 1:79)

Page 273 in Arabic

/10446 _6-علي بن إبراهيم:في قوله: فَلَوْ لاٰ إِذٰا بَلَغَتِ الْحُلْقُومَ يعني النفس،قال:معناه:فإذا بلغت الحلقوم وَ أَنْتُمْ حِينَئِذٍ تَنْظُرُونَ* وَ نَحْنُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْكُمْ وَ لٰكِنْ لاٰ تُبْصِرُونَ* فَلَوْ لاٰ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ غَيْرَ مَدِينِينَ ،قال:

معناه:فلو كنتم غير مجازين على أفعالكم تَرْجِعُونَهٰا يعني الروح إذا بلغت الحلقوم،تردونها في البدن إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صٰادِقِينَ .

/10446 ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm, regarding His saying: “Why is it not then that when it (the soul) comes up to the throat” [Qur’an 56:83] — he said: it means the nafs (soul).

He said: Its meaning is: when the soul reaches the throat, “And you at that time look on – And We are nearer to it than you, but you do not see – Then why is it not—if you are not held under authority—” [Qur’an 56:84–86] —

He said: Its meaning is — if you were not to be recompensed for your actions — “That you send it back” — meaning the soul, when it reaches the throat — return it to the body, “If you are truthful.” [Qur’an 56:87]