Al-Hijr Ayah 26

الحجر آيه 26

قوله تعالى:

فَأَنْزَلْنٰا مِنَ السَّمٰاءِ مٰاءً فَأَسْقَيْنٰاكُمُوهُ وَ مٰا أَنْتُمْ لَهُ بِخٰازِنِينَ وَ إِنّٰا لَنَحْنُ نُحْيِي وَ نُمِيتُ وَ نَحْنُ الْوٰارِثُونَ [22-23]

And We send the winds fertilizing, then We send down water from the cloud so We give it to you to drink, nor is it you who store it up. And most surely We bring to life and cause to die and We are the heirs. (Al-Hijr 15:22-23, M. H. Shakir)

5831-/1- علي بن إبراهيم: في قوله تعالى: فَأَنْزَلْنٰا مِنَ السَّمٰاءِ مٰاءً فَأَسْقَيْنٰاكُمُوهُ وَ مٰا أَنْتُمْ لَهُ بِخٰازِنِينَ أي لا تقدرون أن تخزنوه: وَ إِنّٰا لَنَحْنُ نُحْيِي وَ نُمِيتُ وَ نَحْنُ الْوٰارِثُونَ أي نرث الأرض و من عليها.

5831-/1- Ali ibn Ibrāhīm: Regarding His saying: “We sent down water from the sky, then We gave it to you to drink, yet you are not its treasurers,” meaning: you are not able to store it; and “Surely We give life and cause death, and We are the inheritors,” meaning: We inherit the earth and whoever is upon it.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَقْدِمِينَ مِنْكُمْ وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَأْخِرِينَ [24]

And certainly We know those of you who have gone before and We certainly know those who shall come later. (Al-Hijr 15:24, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5832 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ) قَالَ: وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَقْدِمِينَ مِنْكُمْ وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَأْخِرِينَ، قَالَ: «هُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ».

99-/5832 _2- Al-‘Ayyāshī: From Jābir, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said regarding: “And certainly We know those of you who have gone before and We certainly know those who shall come later”: “They are the believers from this community.”

99-/5833 _3- الشَّيْبَانِيُّ فِي(نَهْجِ الْبَيَانِ) قَالَ: رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ): «أَنَّ الْمُسْتَقْدِمِينَ أَصْحَابُ الْحَسَنَاتِ، وَ الْمُسْتَأْخِرِينَ أَصْحَابُ السَّيِّئَاتِ».

99-/5833 _3- Al-Shaybānī in (Nahj al-Bayān) said: It is narrated from al-Sādiq (peace be upon him): “Surely those who have gone before are the people of good deeds, and those who lag behind are the people of evil deeds.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسٰانَ مِنْ صَلْصٰالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ [26]

And certainly We created man of clay that gives forth sound, of black mud fashioned in shape. (Al-Hijr 15:26, M. H. Shakir)

5834-/4- علي بن إبراهيم: وَ لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسٰانَ مِنْ صَلْصٰالٍ قال: الماء المتصلصل بالطين: مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ قال: حمأ متغير.

5834-/4- Ali ibn Ibrāhīm: Regarding “We created man of ṣalṣāl,” he said: water intermixed with clay that gives a clinking sound; “of ḥama’ masnūn,” he said: altered (stale) mud.

99-/5835 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْغَفَّارِ الْجَازِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ) قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ الْمُؤْمِنَ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْجَنَّةِ، وَ خَلَقَ الْكَافِرَ مِنْ طِينَةِ النَّارِ -وَ قَالَ- إِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً، طَيَّبَ رُوحَهُ وَ جَسَدَهُ، فَلاَ يَسْمَعُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْخَيْرِ إِلاَّ عَرَفَهُ، وَ لاَ يَسْمَعُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْمُنْكَرِ إِلاَّ أَنْكَرَهُ».

قَالَ: وَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «الطِّينَاتُ ثَلاَثٌ: طِينَةُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ، وَ الْمُؤْمِنُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الطِّينَةِ، إِلاَّ أَنَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ مِنْ صَفْوَتِهَا، هُمُ الْأَصْلُ وَ لَهُمْ فَضْلُهُمْ، وَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الْفَرْعُ مِنْ طِينٍ لاَزِبٍ، كَذَلِكَ لاَ يُفَرِّقُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ شِيعَتِهِمْ -وَ قَالَ- طِينَةُ النَّاصِبِ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ، وَ أَمَّا الْمُسْتَضْعَفُونَ فَمِنْ تُرَابٍ، لاَ يَتَحَوَّلُ مُؤْمِنٌ عَنْ إِيمَانِهِ، وَ لاَ نَاصِبٌ عَنْ نَصْبِهِ، وَ لِلَّهِ الْمَشِيئَةُ فِيهِمْ».

99-/5835 _2- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qūb: From Muhammad ibn Yaḥyā, from Muhammad ibn al-Ḥusayn, from al-Naḍr ibn Shu‘ayb, from ‘Abd al-Ghaffār al-Jāzī, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “Indeed Allah, Mighty and Majestic, created the believer from the clay of Paradise, and He created the disbeliever from the clay of the Fire. And He said: When Allah, Mighty and Majestic, intends good for a servant, He makes his spirit and body pure, so he does not hear anything of good except that he recognizes it, and he does not hear anything of evil except that he rejects it.”

He said: And I heard him say: “The clays are three: the clay of the prophets, and the believer is from that clay, except that the prophets are from its choicest part—they are the root and they have their merit—and the believers are the branch, from adhesive clay; thus Allah, Mighty and Majestic, does not separate them from their Shī‘a. And he said: The clay of the nāṣib is from altered mud (ḥama’ masnūn), while the mustaḍ‘afūn are from dust. No believer turns away from his faith, and no nāṣib turns away from his enmity; and to Allah belongs the will concerning them.”

99-/5836 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ) قَالَ: «قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ): قَالَ اللَّهُ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ:

إِنِّي خٰالِقٌ بَشَراً مِنْ صَلْصٰالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ فَإِذٰا سَوَّيْتُهُ وَ نَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِنْ رُوحِي فَقَعُوا لَهُ سٰاجِدِينَ [1] قَالَ:

وَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَقْدِمَةً مِنْهُ إِلَى الْمَلَائِكَةِ احْتِجَاجاً مِنْهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَ مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُغَيِّرَ مَا بِقَوْمٍ إِلاَّ بَعْدَ الْحُجَّةِ عُذْراً وَ نُذْراً، فَاغْتَرَفَ اللَّهُ غُرْفَةً بِيَمِينِهِ -وَ كِلْتَا يَدَيْهِ يَمِينٌ [2]- مِنَ الْمَاءِ الْعَذْبِ الْفُرَاتِ، فَصَلْصَلَهَا فِي كَفِّهِ فَجَمَدَتْ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: مِنْكَ أَخْلُقُ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ عِبَادِيَ الصَّالِحِينَ، الْأَئِمَّةَ الْمَهْدِيِّينَ، الدُّعَاةَ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، وَ أَتْبَاعَهُمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ لاَ أُبَالِي، وَ لاَ أُسْأَلُ عَمَّا أَفْعَلُ وَ هُمْ يُسْأَلُونَ.

ثُمَّ اغْتَرَفَ اللَّهُ غُرْفَةً بِكَفِّهِ الْأُخْرَى مِنَ الْمَاءِ الْمِلْحِ الْأُجَاجِ، فَصَلْصَلَهَا فِي كَفِّهِ فَجَمَدَتْ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهَا: مِنْكِ أَخْلُقُ الْجَبَّارِينَ، وَ الْفَرَاعِنَةَ، وَ الْعُتَاةَ، وَ إِخْوَانَ الشَّيَاطِينِ، وَ أَئِمَّةَ الْكُفْرِ، وَ الدُّعَاةَ إِلَى النَّارِ، وَ أَتْبَاعَهُمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَ لاَ أُبَالِي، وَ لاَ أُسْأَلُ عَمَّا أَفْعَلُ وَ هُمْ يُسْأَلُونَ. وَ اشْتَرَطَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْبَدَاءَ فِيهِمْ، وَ لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ فِي أَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ الْبَدَاءَ لِلَّهِ فِيهِمْ، ثُمَّ خَلَطَ الْمَاءَيْنِ فِي كَفِّهِ جَمِيعاً فَصَلْصَلَهُمَا، ثُمَّ أَكْفَأَهُمَا قُدَّامَ عَرْشِهِ، وَ هُمَا بِلَّةٌ مِنْ طِينٍ».

99-/5836 _3- Al-‘Ayyāshī: From Jābir, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said: Allah said to the angels: ‘Surely I am creating a mortal from clay, from black mud fashioned in shape. So when I have made him complete and breathed into him of My spirit, fall down in prostration to him.’ [1]

He said: That was from Allah as a prelude to the angels, an argument from Him against them; and Allah would not change what is with a people except after the proof—an excuse and a warning. So Allah scooped up a handful with His right hand—and both His hands are right [2]—from fresh, sweet water, and He kneaded it in His palm until it solidified. Then He said: From you I create the prophets and the messengers and My righteous servants, the rightly guided Imāms, the callers to Paradise, and their followers until the Day of Resurrection, and I do not mind; and I am not questioned about what I do, but they will be questioned.

Then Allah scooped up a handful with His other palm from salty, bitter water, and He kneaded it in His palm until it solidified. Then He said to it: From you I create the tyrants, the pharaohs, the insolent, the brothers of the devils, the leaders of disbelief, the callers to the Fire, and their followers until the Day of Resurrection, and I do not mind; and I am not questioned about what I do, but they will be questioned. And He stipulated in that the (possibility of) badā’ concerning them, and He did not stipulate badā’ for Allah concerning the people of the right hand. Then He mixed the two waters together in His palm and kneaded them both; then He poured them out before His Throne while they were moist clay.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ الْجَانَّ خَلَقْنٰاهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ مِنْ نٰارِ السَّمُومِ

And the jinn We created before of intensely hot fire. (Al-Hijr 15:27, M. H. Shakir)

وَ إِذْ قٰالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلاٰئِكَةِ إِنِّي خٰالِقٌ بَشَراً مِنْ صَلْصٰالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ

And when your Lord said to the angels: Surely I am going to create a mortal of clay, of black mud fashioned in shape. (Al-Hijr 15:28, M. H. Shakir)

المراجع:

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:375.

_1) - Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:375.

_2) - تفسير العيّاشي 2:6/240.

_2) - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:6/240.

_3) - نهج البيان 2:161. «مخطوط».

_3) - Nahj al-Bayān 2:161. “Makhṭūṭ” (manuscript).

_4) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:375.

_4) - Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:375.

_2) - الكافي 2:2/2.

_2) - al-Kāfī 2:2/2.

_3) - تفسير العيّاشي 2:7/240.

_3) - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:7/240.

[1] الحجر 15:28 و 29.

[1] al-Ḥijr 15:28 wa 29.

[2] قال المجلسي(رحمه اللّه): لمّا كانت اليد كناية عن القدرة، فيحتمل أن يكون المراد باليمين القدرة على الرحمة و النعمة و الفضل، و بالشمال القدرة على العذاب و القهر و الابتلاء، فالمعنى: أنّ عذابه و قهره و إمراضه و إماتته و سائر المصائب و العقوبات لطف و رحمة لاشتماله على الحكم الخفيّة و المصالح العامّة، و به يمكن أن يفسّر ما ورد في الدعاء: و الخير في يديك. بحار الأنوار 5:238.

[2] Qāla al-Majlisī (raḥimahu llāh): Lammā kānat al-yad kināyatan ‘ani l-qudrah, fa-yuḥtamal an yakūna l-murād bi-l-yamīn al-qudrah ‘ala r-raḥmah wa n-ni‘mah wa l-faḍl, wa bi-sh-shimāl al-qudrah ‘ala l-‘adhāb wa l-qahr wa l-ibtalā’, fa-l-ma‘nā: anna ‘adhābahu wa qahrathu wa imrāḍahu wa imātatahu wa sā’ir al-maṣā’ib wa l-‘uqūbāt luṭfun wa raḥmah li-shtimālihi ‘ala l-ḥikam al-khafiyyah wa l-maṣāliḥ al-‘āmmah, wa bihi yumkinu an yufassara mā warda fī d-du‘ā’: wa l-khayru fī yadayk. Biḥār al-Anwār 5:238.