Al-Isra Ayah 88
الإسراء آيه 88
Surat al-Isrā’, verse 88
99-/6549 _7-
عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ حُمْرَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: يَسْئَلُونَكَ عَنِ الرُّوحِ .
قَالاَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَحَدٌ صَمَدٌ،وَ الصَّمَدُ:اَلشَّيْءُ الَّذِي لَيْسَ لَهُ جَوْفٌ،فَإِنَّمَا الرُّوحُ خَلْقٌ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ،لَهُ بَصَرٌ وَ قُوَّةٌ وَ تَأْيِيدٌ،يَجْعَلُهُ فِي قُلُوبِ الرُّسُلِ وَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ».
From Zurārah and Humrān, from Abū Ja‘far and Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon them), regarding His saying, Exalted is He: They ask you about the Spirit. They said: Indeed Allah, Blessed and Exalted, is One, the Self-Sufficient (al-Ṣamad), and al-Ṣamad is that which has no interior. The Spirit is a creation from His creations; it has perception, power, and support, which He places in the hearts of the messengers and the believers.
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عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: يَسْئَلُونَكَ عَنِ الرُّوحِ قُلِ الرُّوحُ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّي ،قَالَ:«خَلْقٌ عَظِيمٌ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ جَبْرَئِيلَ وَ مِيكَائِيلَ،لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَ أَحَدٍ مِمَّنْ مَضَى غَيْرِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ مَعَ الْأَئِمَّةِ يُسَدِّدُهُمْ،وَ لَيْسَ كُلُّ مَا طُلِبَ وُجِدَ».
From Abū Baṣīr, who said: I heard Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) say, regarding They ask you about the Spirit. Say: The Spirit is by the command of my Lord: A tremendous creation, greater than Jibrīl and Mīkā’īl; it was not with anyone of those who passed except Muḥammad (peace be upon him and his family), and it is with the Imāms, confirming and guiding them. And not everything that is sought is found.
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وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ،قَالَ: «أَعْظَمُ مِنْ جَبْرَئِيلَ،وَ لَيْسَ،كَمَا ظَنَنْتَ».
And in the narration of Abū Ayyūb al-Khazzāz, he said: Greater than Jibrīl—and no, not as you supposed.
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عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا،(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: وَ يَسْئَلُونَكَ عَنِ الرُّوحِ قُلِ الرُّوحُ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّي ،مَا الرُّوحُ؟قَالَ:«الَّتِي فِي الدَّوَابِّ وَ النَّاسِ».
قُلْتُ:وَ مَا هِيَ؟قَالَ:«هِيَ مِنَ الْمَلَكُوتِ،مِنَ الْقُدْرَةِ».
From Abū Baṣīr, from one of the two (peace be upon them). He said: I asked him about His saying: And they ask you about the Spirit. Say: The Spirit is by the command of my Lord. What is the Spirit? He said: That which is in the animals and in people. I said: And what is it? He said: It is from the Malakūt, from the Power.
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عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ،عَنْ جَابِرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ مٰا أُوتِيتُمْ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ إِلاّٰ قَلِيلاً ،قَالَ:«تَفْسِيرُهَا فِي الْبَاطِنِ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُؤْتَ الْعِلْمَ إِلاَّ أُنَاسٌ يَسِيرٌ فَقَالَ: وَ مٰا أُوتِيتُمْ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ إِلاّٰ قَلِيلاً مِنْكُمْ».
From ‘Amr ibn Shimr, from Jābir, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: And you are not given of knowledge but a little. He said: Its inner interpretation is that knowledge was only given to a small number of people; thus He said: And you are not given of knowledge but a little—from among you.
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عَنْ أَسْبَاطِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «خَلْقٌ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ جَبْرَئِيلَ وَ مِيكَائِيلَ مَعَ الْأَئِمَّةِ يُفَقِّهُهُمْ،وَ هُوَ مِنَ الْمَلَكُوتِ».
From Asbāṭ ibn Sālim, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him). He said: A creation greater than Jibrīl and Mīkā’īl is with the Imāms; it gives them deep understanding, and it is from the Malakūt.
قوله تعالى:
قل لئن اجتمعت الإنس والجن على أن يأتوا بمثل هذا القرآن لا يأتون بمثله ولو كان بعضهم لبعض ظهيراً [الإسراء: 88]
Say: If men and jinn should combine together to bring the like of this Quran, they could not bring the like of it, though some of them were aiders of others. (Quran 17:88, M. H. Shakir)
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علي بن إبراهيم:أي معينا.
‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm: That is, a helper.
_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:160/316.
Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:160/316.
_8) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:161/317.
Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:161/317.
_9) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:162/317.
Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:162/317.
_10) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:163/317.
Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:163/317.
_11) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:164/317.
Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:164/317.
_12) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:165/317.
Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:165/317.
_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:25.
Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:25.
قوله تعالى:
وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَا لِلنَّاسِ فِي هَذَا الْقُرْآنِ مِنْ كُلِّ مَثَلٍ فَأَبَىٰ أَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ إِلَّا كُفُوراً [الإسراء: 89]
And certainly We have explained for men in this Quran every kind of similitude, but most men consent to naught but denying. (Quran 17:89, M. H. Shakir)
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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ هَكَذَا: فَأَبىٰ أَكْثَرُ النّٰاسِ بِوَلاَيَةِ عَلِيٍّ إِلاّٰ كُفُوراً ».
Muḥammad ibn Ya‘qūb: from Aḥmad, from ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm, from Muḥammad ibn al-Fuḍayl, from Abū Ḥamzah, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: Jibrīl brought down this verse in this manner: But most men refused—concerning the wilayah of ‘Alī—except denying.
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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَسَدٍ،عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الثَّقَفِيِّ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ هِلاَلٍ الْأَحْمَسِيِّ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ وَهْبِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَحِيرَةَ،عَنْ جَابِرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى:
فَأَبىٰ أَكْثَرُ النّٰاسِ إِلاّٰ كُفُوراً ،قَالَ:«نَزَلَتْ فِي وَلاَيَةِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».
Muḥammad ibn al-‘Abbās (may Allah have mercy on him) said: ‘Alī ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Asad narrated to us, from Ibrāhīm al-Thaqafī, from ‘Alī ibn Hilāl al-Aḥmasī, from al-Ḥasan ibn Wahb ibn ‘Alī ibn Baḥīrah, from Jābir, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: But most men refused except denying. He said: It was revealed about the wilayah of ‘Alī (peace be upon him).
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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هَوْذَةَ،عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ النَّهَاوَنْدِيِّ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فَأَبىٰ أَكْثَرُ النّٰاسِ بِوَلاَيَةِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) إِلاّٰ كُفُوراً ».
And from him: from Aḥmad ibn Hawdhah, from Ibrāhīm ibn Isḥāq al-Nahāwandī, from ‘Abd Allāh ibn Ḥammād al-Anṣārī, from ‘Abd Allāh ibn Sinān, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), that he said: But most men refused—concerning the wilayah of ‘Alī (peace be upon him)—except denying.
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الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «نَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ هَكَذَا: فَأَبىٰ أَكْثَرُ النّٰاسِ بِوَلاَيَةِ عَلِيٍّ إِلاّٰ كُفُوراً ».
Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Abū Ḥamzah, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: Jibrīl brought down this verse in this manner: But most men refused—concerning the wilayah of ‘Alī—except denying.
قوله تعالى:
وَقَالُوا لَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لَكَ حَتَّىٰ تَفْجُرَ لَنَا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ يَنْبُوعاً أَوْ تَكُونَ لَكَ جَنَّةٌ مِنْ نَخِيلٍ وَعِنَبٍ فَتُفَجِّرَ الْأَنْهَارَ خِلَالَهَا تَفْجِيراً أَوْ تُسْقِطَ السَّمَاءَ كَمَا زَعَمْتَ عَلَيْنَا كِسَفاً أَوْ تَأْتِيَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ قَبِيلاً أَوْ يَكُونَ لَكَ بَيْتٌ مِنْ زُخْرُفٍ أَوْ تَرْقَىٰ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَلَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لِرُقِيِّكَ حَتَّىٰ تُنَزِّلَ عَلَيْنَا كِتَاباً نَقْرَؤُهُ قُلْ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّي هَلْ كُنْتُ إِلَّا بَشَراً رَسُولاً وَمَا مَنَعَ النَّاسَ أَنْ يُؤْمِنُوا إِذْ جَاءَهُمُ الْهُدَىٰ إِلَّا أَنْ قَالُوا أَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ بَشَراً رَسُولاً قُلْ لَوْ كَانَ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَلَائِكَةٌ يَمْشُونَ مُطْمَئِنِّينَ لَنَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَلَكاً رَسُولاً [الإسراء: 90-95]
And they say: We will by no means believe in you until you cause a fountain to gush forth from the earth for us, or you should have a garden of palms and grapes in the midst of which you should cause rivers to flow forth gushing out, or you should cause the heaven to come down upon us in pieces as you think, or bring Allah and the angels face to face, or you should have a house of gold, or you should ascend into heaven, and we will not believe in your ascending until you bring down to us a book which we may read. Say: Glory be to my Lord; am I aught but a mortal messenger? And nothing prevented people from believing when the guidance came to them but that they said: Has Allah raised up a mortal as an apostle? Say: Had there been in the earth angels walking about as settlers, We would certainly have sent down to them from the heaven an angel as an apostle. (Quran 17:90-95, M. H. Shakir)
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الْإِمَامُ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ):فَهَلْ كَانَ
Imam al-Ḥasan ibn ‘Alī al-‘Askarī (peace be upon him) said: I said to my father, ‘Alī ibn Muḥammad (peace be upon them both): Then was it...
_1) -الكافي 1:64/351.
al-Kāfī 1:64/351.
_2) -تأويل الآيات 1:30/290،شواهد التنزيل 1:482/353.
Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:30/290; Shawāhid al-Tanzīl 1:482/353.
_3) -تأويل الآيات 1:31/291.
Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:31/291.
_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:166/317.
Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:166/317.
_5) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):314/500.
al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (peace be upon him): 314/500.