Hud Ayah 105-108
هود آيه 108-105
ذٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَجْمُوعٌ لَهُ النّٰاسُ وَ ذٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَشْهُودٌ
Reference: Hūd 11:103
Translation (M. H. Shakir): Most surely there is a sign in this for him who fears the chastisement of the hereafter; that is a day for which mankind shall be gathered together and that is a day that shall be witnessed.
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ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ،عَنْ رِجَالِهِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ذٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَجْمُوعٌ لَهُ النّٰاسُ وَ ذٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَشْهُودٌ .
قَالَ:«الْمَشْهُودُ:يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ،وَ الْمَجْمُوعُ لَهُ النَّاسُ:يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ».
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Ibn Bābawayh said: My father narrated to us, he said: Aḥmad b. Idrīs narrated to us, from Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā and Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Maḥbūb, from Muḥammad b. ʿĪsā b. ʿUbayd, from Ṣafwān b. Yaḥyā, from Ismāʿīl b. Jābir, from his men, from Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “That is the day for which mankind shall be gathered together, and that is a day which shall be witnessed.” He said: “The witnessed day is the Day of ʿArafah, and the day for which mankind shall be gathered is the Day of Resurrection.”
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وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبَانٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ،عَمَّنْ رَوَى عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: سَأَلَهُ الْأَبْرَشُ الْكَلْبِيُّ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ شٰاهِدٍ وَ مَشْهُودٍ [1].
فَقَالَ:أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«وَ مَا قِيلَ لَكَ؟»فَقَالَ:قَالُوا:اَلشَّاهِدُ:يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ،وَ الْمَشْهُودُ:يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ.فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):لَيْسَ كَمَا قِيلَ لَكَ،الشَّاهِدُ:يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ،وَ الْمَشْهُودُ:يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ،أَ مَا تَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ؟قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:
ذٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَجْمُوعٌ لَهُ النّٰاسُ وَ ذٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَشْهُودٌ ».
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And from him: Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan narrated to us, he said: al-Ḥusayn b. al-Ḥasan b. Abān narrated to us, from al-Ḥusayn b. Saʿīd, from al-Naḍr b. Suwayd, from Muḥammad b. Hāshim, from one who narrated from Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him). He said: Al-Abrash al-Kalbī asked him about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “By the witness and the witnessed.” [1] Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him) said: “And what was said to you?” He said: They said: the witness is the Day of Friday and the witnessed is the Day of ʿArafah. Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him) said: “It is not as was said to you. The witness is the Day of ʿArafah, and the witnessed is the Day of Resurrection. Do you not read the Qur’an? Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘That is the day for which mankind shall be gathered together, and that is a day which shall be witnessed.’”
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الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ذٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَجْمُوعٌ لَهُ النّٰاسُ وَ ذٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَشْهُودٌ .
قَالَ:«فَذَلِكَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ،وَ هُوَ الْيَوْمُ الْمَوْعُودُ».
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Al-ʿAyyāshī: from Muḥammad b. Muslim, from one of the two (peace be upon them both), he said, regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “That is the day for which mankind shall be gathered together, and that is a day which shall be witnessed”: “That is the Day of Resurrection, and it is the Promised Day.”
قوله تعالى:
يَوْمَ يَأْتِ لاٰ تَكَلَّمُ نَفْسٌ إِلاّٰ بِإِذْنِهِ فَمِنْهُمْ شَقِيٌّ وَ سَعِيدٌ* فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ شَقُوا فَفِي النّٰارِ لَهُمْ فِيهٰا زَفِيرٌ وَ شَهِيقٌ* خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلاّٰ مٰا شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ فَعّٰالٌ لِمٰا يُرِيدُ* وَ أَمَّا الَّذِينَ سُعِدُوا فَفِي الْجَنَّةِ -إلى قوله تعالى- غَيْرَ مَجْذُوذٍ [105-108]
Reference: Hūd 11:105-108
Translation (M. H. Shakir): On the day when it shall come, no soul shall speak except with His permission; then (some) of them shall be unhappy and (others) happy. Then as to those who are unhappy, they shall be in the Fire; for them shall be sighing and groaning in it: Abiding therein so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord please; surely your Lord is the mighty doer of what He intends. And as to those who are made happy, they shall be in the garden, abiding therein so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord please; a gift which shall never be cut off.
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الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأَهْوَازِيُّ،فِي كِتَابِ(الزُّهْدِ):عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ دُرُسْتَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْأَحْوَلِ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِنَّهُ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّهُ يَأْتِي عَلَى جَهَنَّمَ حَتَّى تَصْفِقَ أَبْوَابُهَا.فَقَالَ:«لاَ
وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ الْخُلُودُ».
قُلْتُ: خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلاّٰ مٰا شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ ؟فَقَالَ:«هَذِهِ فِي الَّذِينَ يَخْرُجُونَ مِنَ النَّارِ».
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Al-Ḥusayn b. Saʿīd al-Ahwāzī, in his Book (al-Zuhd): from al-Naḍr b. Suwayd, from Durust, from Abū Jaʿfar al-Aḥwal, from Ḥumrān, who said: I said to Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him): It has reached us that a time will come upon Hell until its gates clap shut. He said: “No, by Allah, it is everlasting abiding.” I said: “Abiding therein so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord pleases?” He said: “This concerns those who will come out of the Fire.”
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وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا فَضَالَةُ،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ بُرَيْدٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنِ الْجَهَنَّمِيِّينَ.
فَقَالَ:«كَانَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ:يَخْرُجُونَ مِنْهَا فَيُنْتَهَى بِهِمْ إِلَى عَيْنٍ عِنْدَ بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ.تُسَمَّى عَيْنَ الْحَيَوَانِ،فَيُنْضَحُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ مَائِهَا،فَيَنْبُتُونَ كَمَا يَنْبُتُ الزَّرْعُ،تَنْبُتُ لُحُومُهُمْ وَ جُلُودُهُمْ وَ شُعُورُهُمْ».
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And from him: Faḍālah narrated to us, from al-Qāsim b. Burayd, from Muḥammad b. Muslim who said: I asked Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him) about the “people of Hell” (al-Jahannamiyyīn). He said: “Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him) used to say: They will come out of it and will be taken to a spring at the gate of the Garden, called the Spring of Life (ʿAyn al-Ḥayawān). Its water will be sprinkled upon them, and they will grow as crops grow; their flesh, skins, and hair will grow.”
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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ،عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ،عَنْ أُدَيْمٍ أَخِي أَيُّوبَ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ:لاَ تَعْجَبُونَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُخْرِجُ قَوْماً مِنَ النَّارِ فَيَجْعَلُهُمْ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْجَنَّةِ مَعَ أَوْلِيَائِهِ.
فَقَالَ:«أَ مَا يَقْرَءُونَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: وَ مِنْ دُونِهِمٰا جَنَّتٰانِ [1]إِنَّهَا جَنَّةٌ دُونَ جَنَّةٍ،وَ نَارٌ دُونَ نَارٍ،إِنَّهُمْ لاَ يُسَاكِنُونَ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهِ-وَ قَالَ-إِنَّ بَيْنَهُمَا وَ اللَّهِ مَنْزِلَةً [2]،وَ لَكِنْ لاَ أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ،إِنَّ أَمْرَهُمْ لَأَضْيَقُ مِنَ الْحَلْقَةِ،إِنَّ الْقَائِمَ إِذَا قَامَ بَدَأَ بِهَؤُلاَءِ».
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And from him: from Faḍālah b. Ayyūb, from ʿUmar b. Abān, from Udīm the brother of Ayyūb, from Ḥumrān, who said: I said to Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him): They say, “Do you not marvel at people who claim that Allah will bring out a people from the Fire and make them among the people of the Garden with His friends?” He said: “Do they not read the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted: ‘And besides them are two gardens’ [1]? It is a garden beneath a garden, and a fire beneath a fire; they will not dwell with the friends of Allah.” And he said: “Verily, there is, by Allah, a station between them [2]. But I cannot speak; their matter is narrower than a ring. When the Qāʾim rises, he will begin with these.”
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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ فَضَالَةَ،عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَمَّنْ أُدْخِلَ فِي النَّارِ،ثُمَّ أُخْرِجَ مِنْهَا:ثُمَّ أُدْخِلَ الْجَنَّةَ.
فَقَالَ:«إِنْ شِئْتَ حَدَّثْتُكَ بِمَا كَانَ يَقُولُ فِيهِ أَبِي،قَالَ:إِنَّ أُنَاساً يَخْرُجُونَ مِنَ النَّارِ بَعْدَ مَا كَانُوا حُمَماً ، فَيَنْطَلِقُ بِهِمْ إِلَى نَهَرٍ عِنْدَ بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ،يُقَالُ لَهُ:اَلْحَيَوَانُ،فَيُنْضَحُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ مَائِهِ فَتَنْبُتُ لُحُومُهُمْ وَ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَ شُعُورُهُمْ».
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And from him: from Faḍālah, from ʿUmar b. Abān, who said: I asked Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him) about one who is made to enter the Fire, then is brought out of it, then is made to enter the Garden. He said: “If you wish, I will tell you what my father used to say about it. He said: People will come out of the Fire after they had become charcoal; then they will be taken to a river at the gate of the Garden, called al-Ḥayawān. Water will be sprinkled upon them from it, and their flesh, blood, and hair will grow.”
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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ فَضَالَةَ،عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ عَبْداً صَالِحاً يَقُولُ فِي الْجَهَنَّمِيِّينَ: «إِنَّهُمْ يَدْخُلُونَ النَّارَ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ،وَ يَخْرُجُونَ بِعَفْوِ اللَّهِ».
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And from him: from Faḍālah, from ʿUmar b. Abān, who said: I heard a righteous servant say regarding the people of Hell: “They enter the Fire because of their sins, and they exit by the pardon of Allah.”
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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)
يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ قَوْماً يُحْرَقُونَ بِالنَّارِ حَتَّى إِذَا صَارُوا حُمَماً أَدْرَكَتْهُمُ الشَّفَاعَةُ-قَالَ-فَيُنْطَلَقُ بِهِمْ إِلَى نَهَرٍ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ رَشْحِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَيَغْتَسِلُونَ فِيهِ،فَتَنْبُتُ لُحُومُهُمْ وَ دِمَاؤُهُمْ،وَ يَذْهَبُ عَنْهُمْ قَشَفُ النَّارِ،وَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ،فَيُسَمَّوْنَ الْجَهَنَّمِيِّينَ فَيُنَادُونَ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ:اَللَّهُمَّ أَذْهِبْ عَنَّا هَذَا الاِسْمَ-قَالَ-فَيُذْهِبُ عَنْهُمْ».
ثُمَّ قَالَ:«يَا أَبَا بَصِيرٍ،إِنَّ أَعْدَاءَ عَلِيٍّ هُمُ الْخَالِدُونَ فِي النَّارِ لاَ تُدْرِكُهُمُ الشَّفَاعَةُ».
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And from him: from ʿUthmān b. ʿĪsā, from Ibn Muskan, from Abū Baṣīr, who said: I heard Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him) say: “A people will be burned in the Fire until when they become charcoal, intercession will reach them. Then they will be taken to a river that issues from the perspiration of the people of the Garden; they will bathe in it, their flesh and blood will grow, the harshness of the Fire will depart from them, and they will enter the Garden. They will be called ‘the people of Hell (al-Jahannamiyyīn).’ Then they will all call out: O Allah, remove from us this name!—and it will be removed from them.” Then he said: “O Abū Baṣīr, indeed the enemies of ʿAlī are the ones abiding forever in the Fire; intercession will not reach them.”
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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ فَضَالَةَ،عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ،عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ آخِرَ مَنْ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ النَّارِ لَرَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ:هَمَّامٌ ،فَيُنَادِي:يَا رَبَّاهْ ،يَا حَنَّانُ،يَا مَنَّانُ».
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And from him: from Faḍālah, from Ribʿī, from al-Fuḍayl, from Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him), who said: “The last to come out of the Fire will be a man called Hammām. He will call out: O my Lord! O Most Tender! O Bestower!”
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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ،عَنِ الْأَحْوَلِ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ،قَالَ:
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ الْكُفَّارَ وَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَرَوْنَ أَهْلَ التَّوْحِيدِ فِي النَّارِ،فَيَقُولُونَ:مَا نَرَى تَوْحِيدَكُمْ أَغْنَى عَنْكُمْ شَيْئاً،وَ مَا نَحْنُ وَ أَنْتُمْ إِلاَّ سَوَاءٌ-قَالَ-فَيَأْنَفُ لَهُمُ الرَّبُّ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،فَيَقُولُ لِلْمَلاَئِكَةِ:اِشْفَعُوا،فَيَشْفَعُونَ لِمَنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ،وَ يَقُولُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ،حَتَّى إِذَا لَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ إِلاَّ تَبْلُغُهُ الشَّفَاعَةُ،قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى:أَنَا أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ،اخْرُجُوا بِرَحْمَتِي،فَيَخْرُجُونَ كَمَا يَخْرُجُ الْفَرَاشُ».
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And from him: from Muḥammad b. Abī ʿUmayr, from ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. al-Ḥajjāj, from al-Aḥwal, from Ḥumrān, who said: I heard Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him) say: “The unbelievers and polytheists will see the people of tawḥīd in the Fire, and they will say: ‘We do not see that your monotheism availed you anything; you and we are but the same.’ Then the Lord, Mighty and Majestic, will feel disdain for them and will say to the angels: ‘Intercede,’ and they will intercede for whomever Allah wills. And He will say the like to the believers, until when none remains except that intercession reaches him, Allah, Blessed and Exalted, will say: ‘I am the Most Merciful of the merciful. Go out by My mercy!’ So they will go out like moths.”
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الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ أَمَّا الَّذِينَ سُعِدُوا فَفِي الْجَنَّةِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَتَيْنِ.
قَالَ:«هَاتَانِ الْآيَتَانِ فِي غَيْرِ أَهْلِ الْخُلُودِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّقَاوَةِ وَ السَّعَادَةِ،إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ يَجْعَلُهُمْ خَارِجِينَ.وَ لاَ تَزْعُمُ- يَا زُرَارَةُ-إِنِّي أَزْعُمُ ذَلِكَ».
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Al-ʿAyyāshī: from Zurārah, who said: I asked Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah: “And as for those who are made happy, they shall be in the garden …” to the end of the two verses. He said: “These two verses concern those of wretchedness and happiness who are not among the people of everlasting abiding; if Allah wills, He will make them come out. And do not suppose, O Zurārah, that I claim otherwise.”
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عَنْ حُمْرَانَ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلاّٰ مٰا شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ .[لِأَهْلِ النَّارِ،أَ فَرَأَيْتَ قَوْلَهُ لِأَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ: خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلاّٰ مٰا شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ ]؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ،إِنْ شَاءَ جَعَلَ لَهُمْ دُنْيَا فَرَدَّهُمْ،وَ مَا شَاءَ».
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلاّٰ مٰا شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ .قَالَ:«هَذِهِ فِي الَّذِينَ يَخْرُجُونَ مِنَ النَّارِ».
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From Ḥumrān, who said: I said to Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him): May I be your ransom, the saying of Allah, Exalted: “Abiding therein so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord pleases.” [for the people of the Fire; what do you say about His saying concerning the people of the Garden: “Abiding therein so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord pleases”?] He said: “Yes. If He wills, He makes for them a world and returns them—and whatever He wills.” And I asked him about the saying of Allah: “Abiding therein so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord pleases.” He said: “This is about those who will come out of the Fire.”
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عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَمِنْهُمْ شَقِيٌّ وَ سَعِيدٌ .
قَالَ:«فِي ذِكْرِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ اسْتِثْنَاءٌ،وَ لَيْسَ فِي ذِكْرِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ اسْتِثْنَاءٌ وَ أَمَّا الَّذِينَ سُعِدُوا فَفِي الْجَنَّةِ خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلاّٰ مٰا شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ عَطٰاءً غَيْرَ مَجْذُوذٍ ».
وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى:عَنْ حَمَّادٍ،عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)«عَطَاءً غَيْرَ مَجْدُودٍ»بالدال .
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From Abū Baṣīr, from Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him), regarding His saying: “Then (some) of them shall be unhappy and (others) happy.” He said: “Regarding the people of the Fire there is an exception, but regarding the people of the Garden there is no exception: ‘And as to those who are made happy, they shall be in the garden, abiding therein so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord pleases; a gift which shall never be cut off.’” And in another narration: from Ḥammād, from Ḥarīz, from Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him): “ʿAṭāʾan ghayra majdūd (with dāl).”
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عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ،قَالَ: قَصَّ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قِصَصَ أَهْلِ الْمِيثَاقِ،مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ،فَقَالَ فِي صِفَاتِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ:«فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ شَهِيداً لِرُسُلِهِ».ثُمَّ مَرَّ فِي صِفَتِهِمْ حَتَّى بَلَغَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ:«ثُمَّ جَاءَ الاِسْتِثْنَاءُ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي الْفَرِيقَيْنِ جَمِيعاً،فَقَالَ الْجَاهِلُ بِعِلْمِ التَّفْسِيرِ:إِنَّ هَذَا الاِسْتِثْنَاءَ مِنَ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ لِمَنْ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ وَ النَّارَ،وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ جَمِيعاً يَخْرُجَانِ مِنْهُمَا،فَيَبْقَيَانِ وَ لَيْسَ فِيهِمَا أَحَدٌ.وَ كَذَبُوا،لَكِنْ عَنَى بِالاِسْتِثْنَاءِ أَنَّ وُلْدَ آدَمَ كُلَّهُمْ وَ وُلْدَ الْجَانِّ مَعَهُمْ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ،وَ السَّمَاوَاتُ تُظِلُّهُمْ،فَهُوَ يَنْقُلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَتَّى يُخْرِجَهُمْ إِلَى وَلاَيَةِ الشَّيَاطِينِ،وَ هِيَ النَّارُ،فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي عَنَى اللَّهُ فِي أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ: مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ يَقُولُ:
فِي الدُّنْيَا،وَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَيْسَ بِمُخْرِجٍ أَهْلَ الْجَنَّةِ مِنْهَا أَبَداً،وَ لاَ كُلَّ أَهْلِ النَّارِ مِنْهَا أَبَداً،وَ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: مٰاكِثِينَ فِيهِ أَبَداً لَيْسَ فِيهَا اسْتِثْنَاءٌ؟!وَ كَذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):مَنْ دَخَلَ فِي وَلاَيَةِ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ،وَ مَنْ دَخَلَ فِي وَلاَيَةِ عَدُوِّهِمْ دَخَلَ النَّارَ،وَ هَذَا الَّذِي عَنَى اللَّهُ مِنَ الاِسْتِثْنَاءِ فِي الْخُرُوجِ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ النَّارِ وَ الدُّخُولِ».
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From Masʿadah b. Ṣadaqah, who said: Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him) related the accounts of the people of the Covenant, of the people of the Garden and the people of the Fire, and he said regarding the attributes of the people of the Garden: “Among them is one who meets Allah as a martyr for His messengers.” Then he proceeded in describing them until he reached his saying: “Then there came the exception from Allah concerning both groups together. The one ignorant of the science of exegesis said: This exception from Allah is only for those who have entered the Garden and the Fire, and that both groups will come out of them, so that both remain with no one in them. They have lied. Rather, by the exception He meant that all the children of Adam and the children of the jinn with them are upon the earth, and the heavens shade them. He transfers the believers until He brings them out to the allegiance of the devils—and that is the Fire. That is what Allah meant regarding the people of the Garden and the people of the Fire: ‘so long as the heavens and the earth endure’—meaning in this world. And Allah, Blessed and Exalted, is not going to bring the people of the Garden out of it ever, nor all the people of the Fire out of it ever. How can that be, when Allah has said in His Book: ‘Abiding therein forever’—with no exception in it?! And likewise Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him) said: Whoever enters into the allegiance of the House of Muḥammad (peace be upon them) enters the Garden, and whoever enters into the allegiance of their enemy enters the Fire. And this is what Allah meant by the exception in exiting from the Garden and the Fire and entering.”
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ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ يَحْيَى،عَنْ ضُرَيْسٍ الْبَجَلِيِّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ السُّكَّرِيُّ السُّرْيَانِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ بِقَزْوِينَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَارُونَ الْكَرْخِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلاَمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدٍ،قَالَ:
حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي زَيْدُ بْنُ سَلاَمٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَلاَمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلاَمٍ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)؛أَنَّهُ قَالَ:
سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقُلْتُ:أَخْبِرْنِي أَ يُعَذِّبُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلْقاً بِلاَ حُجَّةٍ؟فَقَالَ:«مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ».
قُلْتُ:فَأَوْلاَدُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَمْ فِي النَّارِ؟فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَوْلَى بِهِمْ،إِنَّهُ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَ جَمَعَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْخَلاَئِقَ لِفَصْلِ الْقَضَاءِ يَأْتِي بِأَوْلاَدٍ الْمُشْرِكِينَ،فَيَقُولُ لَهُمْ:عَبِيدِي وَ إِمَائِي،مَنْ رَبُّكُمْ،وَ مَا
دِينُكُمْ،وَ مَا أَعْمَالُكُمْ؟-قَالَ-فَيَقُولُونَ:اَللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا أَنْتَ خَلَقْتَنَا،وَ أَنْتَ أَمَتَّنَا،وَ لَمْ تَجْعَلْ لَنَا أَلْسِنَةً نَنْطِقُ بِهَا،وَ لاَ أَسْمَاعاً نَسْمَعُ بِهَا،وَ لاَ كِتَاباً نَقْرَؤُهُ،وَ لاَ رَسُولاً فَنَتَّبِعَهُ،وَ لاَ عِلْمَ لَنَا إِلاَّ مَا عَلَّمْتَنَا».
قَالَ:«فَيَقُولُ لَهُمْ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:عَبِيدِي وَ إِمَائِي،إِنْ أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِأَمْرٍ أَ تَفْعَلُونَهُ؟فَيَقُولُونَ:اَلسَّمْعُ وَ الطَّاعَةُ لَكَ،يَا رَبَّنَا.
فَيَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ نَاراً يُقَالُ لَهَا الْفَلَقُ،أَشَدَّ شَيْءٍ فِي جَهَنَّمَ عَذَاباً،فَتَخْرُجُ مِنْ مَكَانِهَا سَوْدَاءَ مُظْلِمَةً بِالسَّلاَسِلِ وَ الْأَغْلاَلِ،فَيَأْمُرُهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ تَنْفُخَ فِي وُجُوهِ الْخَلاَئِقِ نَفْخَةً،فَتَنْفُخُ،فَمِنْ شِدَّةِ نَفْخَتِهَا تَنْقَطِعُ السَّمَاءُ، وَ تَنْطَمِسُ النُّجُومُ،وَ تَجْمُدُ الْبِحَارُ،وَ تَزُولُ الْجِبَالُ،وَ تُظْلِمُ الْأَبْصَارُ،وَ تَضَعُ الْحَوَامِلُ حَمْلَهَا،وَ تَشِيبُ الْوِلْدَانُ مِنْ هَوْلِهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ،ثُمَّ يَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَطْفَالَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ يُلْقُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي تِلْكَ النَّارِ،فَمَنْ سَبَقَ لَهُ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ سَعِيداً،أَلْقَى نَفْسَهُ فِيهَا،فَكَانَتِ النَّارُ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلاَماً،كَمَا كَانَتْ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، وَ مَنْ سَبَقَ لَهُ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ شَقِيّاً،امْتَنَعَ فَلَمْ يُلْقِ نَفْسَهُ فِي النَّارِ،فَيَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى النَّارَ فَتَلْتَقِطُهُ لِتَرْكِهِ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ،وَ امْتِنَاعِهِ مِنَ الدُّخُولِ فِيهَا،فَيَكُونُ تَبَعاً لِآبَائِهِ فِي جَهَنَّمَ،وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَمِنْهُمْ شَقِيٌّ وَ سَعِيدٌ * فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ شَقُوا فَفِي النّٰارِ لَهُمْ فِيهٰا زَفِيرٌ وَ شَهِيقٌ* خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلاّٰ مٰا شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ فَعّٰالٌ لِمٰا يُرِيدُ* وَ أَمَّا الَّذِينَ سُعِدُوا فَفِي الْجَنَّةِ خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلاّٰ مٰا شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ عَطٰاءً غَيْرَ مَجْذُوذٍ ».
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Ibn Bābawayh said: Al-Ḥusayn b. Yaḥyā narrated to us, from Ḍurays al-Bajalī, who said: My father narrated to us, who said: Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿUmārah al-Sukkari al-Suryānī narrated to us, who said: Ibrāhīm b. ʿĀṣim in Qazwīn narrated to us, who said: ʿAbd Allāh b. Hārūn al-Karkhī narrated to us, who said: Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Zayd b. Salām b. ʿAbd Allāh narrated to us, who said: My father ʿAbd Allāh b. Zayd narrated to me, who said: My father Zayd b. Salām narrated to me, from his father Salām b. ʿAbd Allāh, from ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām, the client of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family), that he said: I asked the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family), so I said: Inform me, does Allah, Mighty and Majestic, punish a creation without proof? He said: “Allah forbid, Mighty and Majestic.” I said: Then are the children of the polytheists in the Garden or in the Fire? He said: “Allah, Blessed and Exalted, has more right over them. When it is the Day of Resurrection and Allah, Mighty and Majestic, gathers the creatures for the judgment, He will bring the children of the polytheists, and He will say to them: My male and female servants, who is your Lord, and what is your religion, and what are your deeds? They will say: O Allah, our Lord, You created us, and You caused us to die, and You did not make for us tongues to speak with, nor ears to hear with, nor a book to read, nor a messenger to follow, and we have no knowledge except what You taught us.” He said: “Then He, Mighty and Majestic, will say to them: My male and female servants, if I command you with a command, will you do it? They will say: Hearing and obedience are Yours, our Lord. Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, will command a Fire called al-Falaq—the most severe of all in Hell in punishment—and it will emerge from its place black and dark with chains and shackles. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, will command it to blow a single blast into the faces of the creatures; it will blow, and from the severity of its blast the heaven will be rent, the stars obliterated, the seas congealed, the mountains removed, sights darkened, pregnant ones will miscarry, and children will turn gray from its terror on the Day of Resurrection. Then Allah, Blessed and Exalted, will command the children of the polytheists to cast themselves into that Fire. Whoever has preceded in the knowledge of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, to be happy will cast himself into it, and the Fire will be coolness and peace upon him, as it was upon Abraham (peace be upon him). And whoever has preceded in the knowledge of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, to be wretched will refrain and will not cast himself into the Fire; then Allah, Blessed and Exalted, will command the Fire, and it will snatch him up for leaving the command of Allah and refraining from entering it; thus he will be a follower of his fathers in Hell. And that is His saying, Mighty and Majestic: ‘Then (some) of them shall be unhappy and (others) happy. Then as to those who are unhappy, they shall be in the Fire; for them shall be sighing and groaning in it: Abiding therein so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord pleases; surely your Lord is the mighty doer of what He intends. And as to those who are made happy, they shall be in the garden, abiding therein so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord pleases; a gift which shall never be cut off.’”
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و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: يَوْمَ يَأْتِ لاٰ تَكَلَّمُ نَفْسٌ إِلاّٰ بِإِذْنِهِ فَمِنْهُمْ شَقِيٌّ وَ سَعِيدٌ * فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ شَقُوا فَفِي النّٰارِ لَهُمْ فِيهٰا زَفِيرٌ وَ شَهِيقٌ* خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا :فهذا في نار الدنيا قبل يوم القيامة: مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ قال:و قوله: وَ أَمَّا الَّذِينَ سُعِدُوا فَفِي الْجَنَّةِ خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا يعني في جنان الدنيا التي تنقل إليها أرواح المؤمنين مٰا دٰامَتِ السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ إِلاّٰ مٰا شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ عَطٰاءً غَيْرَ مَجْذُوذٍ يعني غير مقطوع من نعيم الآخرة في الجنة يكون متصلا به،و هو ردّ على من ينكر عذاب القبر و الثواب و العقاب في الدنيا في البرزخ قبل يوم القيامة.
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And ʿAlī b. Ibrāhīm said, regarding His saying, Exalted: “On the day when it shall come, no soul shall speak except with His permission; then (some) of them shall be unhappy and (others) happy. Then as to those who are unhappy, they shall be in the Fire; for them shall be sighing and groaning in it: Abiding therein … so long as the heavens and the earth endure”—this is about the fire of this world before the Day of Resurrection: “so long as the heavens and the earth endure.” And His saying: “And as to those who are made happy, they shall be in the garden, abiding therein”—meaning the gardens of this world to which the spirits of the believers are transferred—“so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as your Lord pleases; a gift which shall never be cut off,” meaning not cut off from the bliss of the Hereafter in the Garden, but connected to it. And this is a refutation of those who deny the punishment of the grave and the reward and punishment in this world in the barzakh before the Day of Resurrection.
قوله تعالى:
وَ إِنَّ كُلاًّ لَمّٰا لَيُوَفِّيَنَّهُمْ رَبُّكَ أَعْمٰالَهُمْ -إلى قوله تعالى- فَاسْتَقِمْ كَمٰا أُمِرْتَ وَ مَنْ تٰابَ مَعَكَ وَ لاٰ تَطْغَوْا [111-112]
Reference: Hūd 11:111-112
Translation (M. H. Shakir): And most surely your Lord will give them full recompense for their deeds; surely He is aware of what they do. Continue then in the right way as you are commanded, as also he who has turned (to Allah) with you, and do not exceed the limits; surely He sees what you do.
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علي بن إبراهيم،قال في قوله تعالى: وَ إِنَّ كُلاًّ لَمّٰا لَيُوَفِّيَنَّهُمْ رَبُّكَ أَعْمٰالَهُمْ قال:في القيامة،
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ʿAlī b. Ibrāhīm said, regarding His saying, Exalted: “And most surely your Lord will give them full recompense for their deeds”: [This will be] in the Resurrection.
Footnotes:
_2) -معاني الأخبار:1/298.
_2) -Maʿānī al-Akhbār: 1/298.
_3) -معاني الأخبار:1:5/299.
_3) -Maʿānī al-Akhbār: 1:5/299.
_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:65/159.
_4) -Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī 2:65/159.
_1) -كتاب الزهد:265/98.
_1) -Kitāb al-Zuhd: 265/98.
[1] البروج 85:3.
[1] al-Burūj 85:3.
_2) -كتاب الزهد:256/95.
_2) -Kitāb al-Zuhd: 256/95.
_3) -كتاب الزهد:257/95.
_3) -Kitāb al-Zuhd: 257/95.
_4) -كتاب الزهد:258/96.
_4) -Kitāb al-Zuhd: 258/96.
_5) -كتاب الزهد:259/96.
_5) -Kitāb al-Zuhd: 259/96.
_6) -كتاب الزهد:260/96.
_6) -Kitāb al-Zuhd: 260/96.
[1] الرحمن 55:62.
[1] al-Raḥmān 55:62.
[2] في المصدر نسخة بدل:منزلتين.
[2] fī al-maṣdar nuskhat badal: manzilatayn.
[3] في المصدر نسخة بدل:حميما.
[3] fī al-maṣdar nuskhat badal: ḥamīman.
_7) -كتاب الزهد:261/96.
_7) -Kitāb al-Zuhd: 261/96.
_8) -كتاب الزهد:264/97.
_8) -Kitāb al-Zuhd: 264/97.
_9) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:67/160.
_9) -Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī 1:67/160.
_10) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:68/160.
_10) -Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī 2:68/160.
[1] في المصدر نسخة بدل:حميما.
[1] fī al-maṣdar nuskhat badal: ḥamīman.
[2] قشف قشفا:إذا لوّحته الشمس فتغيّر.«الصحاح-قشف-4:1616».
[2] qashafa qashfan: idhā lawwaḥat-hu al-shams fa-taghy-yara. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ – Qashaf – 4:1616”.
[3] و في المصدر نسخة بدل:هام.
[3] wa fī al-maṣdar nuskhat badal: Hām.
[4] في المصدر:ينادي فيها عمرا.
[4] fī al-maṣdar: yunādī fīhā ʿAmran.
[5] في«ط»:يعبّرون.
[5] fī “Ṭ”: yuʿabbirūn.
[6] في المصدر زيادة:قال ثمّ قال أبو جعفر(عليه السّلام)،ثمّ مدّت العمد و أعمدت(و أصمدت)عليهم و كان و اللّه الخلود.
[6] fī al-maṣdar ziyādah: qāl thumma qāla Abū Jaʿfar (ʿalayhi al-salām), thumma muddat al-ʿumud wa uʿmidat (wa uṣmidat) ʿalayhim wa kāna wa-llāh al-khulūd.
_11) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:69/160.
_11) -Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī 2:69/160.
_12) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:66/159.
_12) -Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī 2:66/159.
_13) -التوحيد:1/390.
_13) -al-Tawḥīd: 1/390.
[1] قال المجلسي:ظاهر خبر أبي بصير أنّ في مصحف أهل البيت(عليهم السّلام)لم يكن الاستثناء في حال أهل الجنّة بل كان فيه(خالدين فيها ما دامت السماوات و الأرض عطاء غير مجذوذ)و إنّما زيد في الخبر من النسّاخ«بحار الأنوار 8:10/349.و سيأتي عن الصادق(عليه السّلام) تفسير للاستثناء في الحديث(12)
[1] qāla al-Majlisī: ẓāhir khabar Abī Baṣīr anna fī Muṣḥaf Ahl al-Bayt (ʿalayhim al-salām) lam yakun al-istithnāʾ fī ḥāl ahl al-jannah bal kāna fīhi (khālidīna fīhā mā dāmat al-samāwāt wa-l-arḍ ʿaṭāʾan ghayra majdhoodh) wa innamā zīda fī al-khabar min al-nussākh “Biḥār al-Anwār 8:10/349. wa sayatī ʿan al-Ṣādiq (ʿalayhi al-salām) tafsīr li-l-istithnāʾ fī al-ḥadīth (12)
[2] تفسير العيّاشي 2:70/161.
[2] Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī 2:70/161.
[3] في المصدر:من.
[3] fī al-maṣdar: min.
[4] الكهف 18:3.
[4] al-Kahf 18:3.
_14) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:338.
_14) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:338.
_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:338.
_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:338.
[1] في المصدر زيادة:و لم نخلق شيئا.
[1] fī al-maṣdar ziyādah: wa lam nakhluq shayʾan.
[2] في المصدر زيادة:و لم نمت شيئا.
[2] fī al-maṣdar ziyādah: wa lam numit shayʾan.