An-Nahl Ayah 103

قوله تعالى:

وَإِذَا بَدَّلْنَا آيَةً مَكَانَ آيَةٍ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يُنَزِّلُ قَالُوا إِنَّمَا أَنتَ مُفْتَرٍ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ. قُلْ نَزَّلَهُ رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ مِن رَّبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ لِيُثَبِّتَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهُدًى وَبُشْرَىٰ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ.

99-/Qur’an 16:101-102 — And when We change an ayat in place of another ayat—and Allah knows best what He reveals—they say: You are only a forger. Nay, most of them do not know. Say: The Holy Spirit has revealed it from your Lord with truth, that it may establish those who believe and as a guidance and good news for the Muslims. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/6156 _1- علي بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: وَ إِذٰا بَدَّلْنٰا آيَةً مَكٰانَ آيَةٍ وَ اللّٰهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمٰا يُنَزِّلُ قٰالُوا إِنَّمٰا أَنْتَ مُفْتَرٍ إلى قوله تعالى: وَ بُشْرىٰ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ قال:إذا نسخت آية قالوا لرسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله):أنت مفتر.فردّ اللّه عليهم،فقال:قل لهم-يا محمد- نَزَّلَهُ رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ مِنْ رَبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ يعني جبرئيل(عليه السلام) لِيُثَبِّتَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ هُدىً وَ بُشْرىٰ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ .

99-/6156 — ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, on His saying: And when We change a sign in place of a sign, and Allah knows best what He sends down, they say: You are only a forger—up to His saying: and good news for the Muslims. He said: When an ayah was abrogated they said to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his progeny), “You are a forger.” So Allah responded to them and said: Say to them—O Muhammad—The Holy Spirit has brought it down from your Lord with the truth, meaning Jibra’il (peace be upon him), that He may strengthen those who believe, and as guidance and good news for the Muslims.

99-/6157 _2- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ .قَالَ:«هُوَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ الْقُدُسُ:اَلطَّاهِرُ لِيُثَبِّتَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا هُمْ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ) وَ هُدىً وَ بُشْرىٰ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ ».

99-/6157 — And from him, he said: And in the narration of Abu al-Jarud, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying: The Holy Spirit. He said: “He is Jibra’il (peace be upon him), and al-qudus means the Pure. To strengthen those who believe—these are the Family of Muhammad (peace be upon them)—and as guidance and good news for the Muslims.”

99-/6158 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُذَافِرٍ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ،عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ رُوحَ الْقُدُسِ،فَلَمْ يَخْلُقْ خَلْقاً أَقْرَبَ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهَا،وَ لَيْسَتْ بِأَكْرَمِ خَلْقِهِ عَلَيْهِ،فَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَمْراً أَلْقَاهُ إِلَيْهَا،فَأَلْقَاهُ إِلَى النُّجُومِ فَجَرَتْ بِهِ».

99-/6158 — Al-‘Ayyashi: from Muhammad ibn ‘Udhaafir al-Sayrafi, from one who informed him, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “Indeed Allah, Blessed and Exalted, created the Holy Spirit, and He did not create any creature closer to Allah than it; yet it is not the most honored of His creation to Him. When He intends a matter, He casts it to it, and it casts it to the stars, so they proceed with it.”

قوله تعالى:

وَلَقَدْ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّمَا يُعَلِّمُهُ بَشَرٌ لِسَانُ الَّذِي يُلْحِدُونَ إِلَيْهِ أَعْجَمِيٌّ وَهَٰذَا لِسَانٌ عَرَبِيٌّ مُبِينٌ.

99-/Qur’an 16:103 — And certainly We know that they say: Only a mortal teaches him. The tongue of him whom they reproach is foreign, and this is clear Arabic tongue. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/6159 _4- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:و هو لسان أبي فكيهة [1] مولى بني الحضرمي،كان أعجمي اللسان،و كان قد اتبع نبي اللّه و آمن به،و كان من أهل الكتاب،فقالت قريش:هذا-و اللّه-يعلم محمّدا،علمه [1] بلسانه،يقول اللّه:

وَ هٰذٰا لِسٰانٌ عَرَبِيٌّ مُبِينٌ .

99-/6159 — ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: And it is the tongue of Abu Fukayhah [1], the client of Banu al-Hadrami. He was foreign of tongue, and he had followed the Prophet of Allah and believed in him, and he was from the People of the Book. So Quraysh said: This man—by Allah—teaches Muhammad; he has taught him with his tongue. Allah says: And this is a clear Arabic tongue.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:390.

_1) -tafsīru al-qummī 1:390.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:390.

_2) -tafsīru al-qummī 1:390.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:70/270.

_3) -tafsīru al-‘ayyāshī 2:70/270.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:390.

_4) -tafsīru al-qummī 1:390.

[1] و اسمه أفلح و قيل:يسار،مولى بني عبد الدار،و قيل:كان مولى لصفوان بن أميّة بن خلف أسلم قديما بمكّة،و كان من المستضعفين ممّن عذّب في اللّه.عذّبه المشركون ليرجع عن دينه فلم يرجع عن دينه،و هاجر و مات قبل بدر.«الكامل لابن الأثير 2:68،أسد الغابة 5:273،البداية و النهاية 3:102».

[1] wa ismuhu Aflah wa qīla: Yasār, mawlā Banī ‘Abd al-Dār, wa qīla: kāna mawlā li-Safwān ibn Umayyah ibn Khalaf aslama qadīman bi-Makkah, wa kāna mina al-mustad‘afīna mimman ‘udhdhiba fī Allāh. ‘Adhdhabahu al-mushrikūna liyarja‘a ‘an dīnihī fa-lam yarji‘ ‘an dīnih, wa hājara wa māta qabl Badr. “al-Kāmil li-Ibn al-Athīr 2:68, Asad al-Ghābah 5:273, al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah 3:102”.

قوله تعالى:

إِنَّمَا يَفْتَرِي الْكَذِبَ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْكَاذِبُونَ.

99-/Qur’an 16:105 — Only they forge the lie who do not believe in Allah's communications, and these are the liars. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/6160 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ هِلاَلٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): أَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ رَجُلاً كَذَّاباً ثُمَّ قَالَ:«قَالَ اللَّهُ: إِنَّمٰا يَفْتَرِي الْكَذِبَ الَّذِينَ لاٰ يُؤْمِنُونَ ».

99-/6160 — Al-‘Ayyashi: from al-‘Abbas ibn Hilal, from Abu al-Hasan al-Rida (peace be upon him): that he mentioned a lying man, then said: “Allah said: Only they forge the lie who do not believe.”

قوله تعالى:

مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ إِيمَانِهِ إِلَّا مَنْ أُكْرِهَ وَقَلْبُهُ مُطْمَئِنٌّ بِالْإِيمَانِ وَلَٰكِنْ مَنْ شَرَحَ بِالْكُفْرِ صَدْرًا فَعَلَيْهِمْ غَضَبٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ. ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمُ اسْتَحَبُّوا الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا عَلَى الْآخِرَةِ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ. أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ وَسَمْعِهِمْ وَأَبْصَارِهِمْ وَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْغَافِلُونَ. لَا جَرَمَ أَنَّهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ. ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لِلَّذِينَ هَاجَرُوا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا فُتِنُوا ثُمَّ جَاهَدُوا وَصَبَرُوا إِنَّ رَبَّكَ مِنْ بَعْدِهَا لَغَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ.

99-/Qur’an 16:106-110 — Whoever disbelieves in Allah after his believing—not he who is compelled while his heart is at rest on account of faith, but he who opens his breast to disbelief—on these is the wrath of Allah, and they shall have a grievous chastisement. This is because they love this world's life more than the hereafter, and because Allah does not guide the unbelieving people. These are they on whose hearts and their hearing and their eyes Allah has set a seal, and these are the heedless ones. No doubt that in the hereafter they will be the losers. Then most surely your Lord—to those who fled after they were persecuted, then they struggled hard and remained patient—most surely your Lord after that is Forgiving, Merciful. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/6161 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ بُرَيْدٍ،قَالَ:

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الزُّبَيْرِيُّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)-فِي حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ- «فَأَمَّا مَا فَرَضَ عَلَى الْقَلْبِ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ:

فَالْإِقْرَارُ،وَ الْمَعْرِفَةُ،وَ الْعَقْدُ،وَ الرِّضَا،وَ التَّسْلِيمُ بِأَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ إِلَهاً وَاحِداً لَمْ يَتَّخِذْ صَاحِبَةً وَ لاَ وَلَداً،وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَى آلِهِ)،وَ الْإِقْرَارُ بِمَا جَاءَ بِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ أَوْ كِتَابٍ،فَذَلِكَ مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْقَلْبِ مِنَ الْإِقْرَارِ وَ الْمَعْرِفَةِ وَ هُوَ عَمَلُهُ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِلاّٰ مَنْ أُكْرِهَ وَ قَلْبُهُ مُطْمَئِنٌّ بِالْإِيمٰانِ وَ لٰكِنْ مَنْ شَرَحَ بِالْكُفْرِ صَدْراً ».

99-/6161 — Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Bakr ibn Salih, from al-Qasim ibn Burayd, who said: Abu ‘Amr al-Zubayri narrated to us, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him)—in a long hadith: “As for what has been made obligatory upon the heart of faith: it is confession, knowledge, binding (conviction), contentment, and surrender—that there is no god but Allah, alone, without partner, one God, who has not taken a consort nor a son; and that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger (may Allah’s blessings be upon him and his family); and confession of what has come from Allah by way of a prophet or a book. That is what Allah has made obligatory upon the heart of confession and knowledge, and it is its deed. And it is the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: excepting he who is compelled while his heart is at rest on account of faith, but he who opens his breast to disbelief.”

99-/6162 _3- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ،قَالَ: قِيلَ لِأَبِي

99-/6162 — And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from Harun ibn Muslim, from Mas‘adah ibn Sadaqah, who said: It was said to Abu—

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:71/271.

_1) -tafsīru al-‘ayyāshī 2:71/271.

_2) -الكافي 2:1/28.

_2) -al-kāfī 2:1/28.

_3) -الكافي 2:10/173.

_3) -al-kāfī 2:10/173.

[1] (علمه)ليس في المصدر.

[1] (‘allamahu) laysa fī al-maṣdar.