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آل عمران آيه 61

99-/1716 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):

«أَنَّ نَصَارَى نَجْرَانَ لَمَّا وَفَدُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ كَانَ سَيِّدُهُمْ الْأَهْتَمَ وَ الْعَاقِبَ وَ السَّيِّدَ،وَ حَضَرَتْ صَلاَتُهُمْ فَأَقْبَلُوا يَضْرِبُونَ بِالنَّاقُوسِ،وَ صَلَّوْا،فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،هَذَا فِي مَسْجِدِكَ؟فَقَالَ:دَعُوهُمْ.

فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا دَنَوْا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالُوا لَهُ:إِلَى مَا تَدْعُونَا؟فَقَالَ:إِلَى شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ،وَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ،وَ أَنَّ عِيسَى عَبْدٌ مَخْلُوقٌ،يَأْكُلُ وَ يَشْرَبُ وَ يُحْدِثُ.

قَالُوا:فَمَنْ أَبُوهُ؟فَنَزَلَ الْوَحْيُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالَ:قُلْ لَهُمْ:مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي آدَمَ؛أَ كَانَ عَبْداً مَخْلُوقاً يَأْكُلُ وَ يَشْرَبُ وَ يُحْدِثُ وَ يَنْكِحُ؟فَسَأَلَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالُوا:نَعَمْ.فَقَالَ:فَمَنْ أَبُوهُ؟فَبُهِتُوا وَ بَقُوا سَاكِتِينَ،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسىٰ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ كَمَثَلِ آدَمَ خَلَقَهُ مِنْ تُرٰابٍ ثُمَّ قٰالَ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ:

فَنَجْعَلْ لَعْنَتَ اللّٰهِ عَلَى الْكٰاذِبِينَ [1] .

فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):فَبَاهِلُونِي،فَإِنْ كُنْتُ صَادِقاً أُنْزِلَتِ اللَّعْنَةُ عَلَيْكُمْ،وَ إِنْ كُنْتُ كَاذِباً نَزَلَتْ عَلَيَّ.

فَقَالُوا:أَنْصَفْتَ.فَتَوَاعَدُوا لِلْمُبَاهَلَةِ،فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِلَى مَنَازِلِهِمْ،قَالَ رُؤَسَاؤُهُمْ السَّيِّدُ وَ الْعَاقِبُ وَ الْأَهْتَمُ:إِنْ بَاهَلَنَا بِقَوْمِهِ بَاهَلْنَاهُ،فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِنَبِيٍّ،وَ إِنْ بَاهَلَنَا بِأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ خَاصَّةً فَلاَ نُبَاهِلُهُ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يُقْدِمُ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ إِلاَّ وَ هُوَ صَادِقٌ،فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحُوا جَاءُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ مَعَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ)،فَقَالَ النَّصَارَى:مَنْ هَؤُلاَءِ؟فَقِيلَ لَهُمْ:هَذَا ابْنُ عَمِّهِ وَ وَصِيُّهُ وَ خَتَنُهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَ هَذِهِ ابْنَتُهُ فَاطِمَةُ،وَ هَذَانِ ابْنَاهُ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ.فَفَرِقُوا،فَقَالُوا [2] لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ:نُعْطِيكَ الرِّضَا فَأَعْفِنَا مِنَ الْمُبَاهَلَةِ.

فَصَالَحَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)عَلَى الْجِزْيَةِ وَ انْصَرَفُوا».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1716: Ali ibn Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me, from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd, from Ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him): When the Christians of Najran came as a delegation to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)—their leaders were al-Ahtam, al-‘Aqib, and al-Sayyid—and the time for their prayer arrived, they began striking the bell and prayed. The companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said, “O Messenger of Allah, this in your mosque?” He said, “Leave them.” When they finished, they drew near to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said to him, “To what do you call us?” He said, “To bear witness that there is no god but Allah, that I am the Messenger of Allah, and that Jesus is a created servant who eats, drinks, and relieves himself.” They said, “Then who is his father?” Revelation descended upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and he said, “Say to them: What do you say about Adam—was he a created servant who ate, drank, relieved himself, and married?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) asked them, and they said, “Yes.” He said, “Then who is his father?” They were confounded and remained silent. Then Allah revealed: “Surely the likeness of Isa is with Allah as the likeness of Adam; He created him from dust, then said to him, Be, and he was… so let us call down the curse of Allah upon the liars.” They said, “You have been fair.” They agreed to meet for mutual imprecation (mubahala). When they returned to their lodging, their chiefs—the Sayyid, the ‘Aqib, and al-Ahtam—said, “If he comes to the mubahala with his people in general, we will do it with him, for he is not a prophet. But if he comes with only the people of his household, we will not do it with him, for he would not bring the people of his household forward unless he is truthful.” In the morning they came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and with him were the Commander of the Faithful, Fatimah, al-Hasan, and al-Husayn (may Allah’s blessings be upon them). The Christians said, “Who are these?” It was said to them, “This is his cousin, his legatee, and his son-in-law, Ali ibn Abi Talib; this is his daughter, Fatimah; and these two are his sons, al-Hasan and al-Husayn.” They were afraid and said to the Messenger of Allah, “We will grant you satisfaction; excuse us from the mubahala.” So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) made peace with them for the jizya, and they departed.

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:104. - Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:104.

[1] آل عمران 3:61. - Āl ʿImrān 3:61.

[2] في المصدر:فعرفوا و قالوا. - fī al-maṣdar: fa-ʿarafū wa qālū.

قوله تعالى:

فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مٰا جٰاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ فَقُلْ تَعٰالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْنٰاءَنٰا وَ أَبْنٰاءَكُمْ وَ نِسٰاءَنٰا وَ نِسٰاءَكُمْ وَ أَنْفُسَنٰا وَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَلْ لَعْنَتَ اللّٰهِ عَلَى الْكٰاذِبِينَ [61]

Translation (M. H. Shakir), Āl ‘Imrān 3:61: But whoever disputes with you in this matter after what has come to you of knowledge, then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our near people and your near people, then let us be earnest in prayer, and invoke the curse of Allah on the liars.

99-/1717 _1- الشَّيْخُ فِي(أَمَالِيهِ) ... وَ قَالَ:«اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلاَءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1717: The Shaykh, in his Amali, with his chain, said: Abu al-Fath Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abi al-Fawaris informed us, who said: Abu Hamid Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Sa’igh narrated to us, who said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq al-Sarrāj narrated to us, who said: Qutaybah ibn Sa‘id narrated to us, who said: Hātim narrated from Bukayr ibn Mismar, from ‘Āmir ibn Sa‘d, from his father, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) say concerning Ali three times—by Allah, if I had one of them it would be dearer to me than red camels: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) say to Ali when he left him behind in one of his campaigns. He said, “O Messenger of Allah, do you leave me behind with women and children?” He said, “Are you not pleased to be to me as Harun was to Musa, except that there is no prophet after me?” And I heard him say on the day of Khaybar, “Tomorrow I will certainly give the banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and whom Allah and His Messenger love.” He said, We stretched our necks for that. He said, “Call Ali for me.” Ali (peace be upon him) was brought with an eye ailment, so he spat in his eyes, gave him the banner, and Allah granted victory at his hands. And when this verse was revealed: “...let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our selves and your selves,” the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) called Ali, Fatimah, Hasan, and Husayn (peace be upon them) and said, “O Allah, these are my household.”

_1) - الأمالي 1:313،صحيح مسلم 4:32/1871،مسند أحمد بن حنبل 1:185. - al-Amālī 1:313; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 4:32/1871; Musnad Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal 1:185.

[1] في«س»و«ط»:حاتم بن بكير بن يسار... - fī “S” wa “Ṭ”: Ḥātim ibn Bukayr ibn Yasār…

99-/1718 _2- ... «قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِمُحَمَّدٍ(ص)... فَنَحْنُ مِنْهُ وَ هُوَ مِنَّا».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1718: From him, he said: A group informed us, from Abu al-Mufaddal, who said: Abu al-‘Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Sa‘īd ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Hamdānī in Kufa narrated to us, who said: Muhammad ibn al-Mufaddal ibn Ibrahim ibn Qays al-Ash‘arī narrated to us, who said: ‘Ali ibn Hassān al-Wāsitī narrated to us, who said: ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Kathīr, from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad, from his father, from his grandfather ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon them), from his uncle al-Hasan (peace be upon him), who said: Al-Hasan said: Allah, the Exalted, said to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), when the unbelievers among the People of the Book denied him and disputed with him: “Then say: Come, let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our selves and your selves, then let us be earnest in prayer and invoke the curse of Allah upon the liars.” So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) brought out, among “our selves,” my father along with him; and among the sons, myself and my brother; and among the women, my mother Fatimah, to the exclusion of all people. Thus we are his people, his flesh, his blood, and his very self; we are of him and he is of us.

_2) - الأمالي 2:177. - al-Amālī 2:177.

99-/1719 _3- الشَّيْخُ الْمُفِيدُ فِي(الْإِخْتِصَاصِ)... «...وَ أَنْفُسَنَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1719: Shaykh al-Mufīd in al-Ikhtiṣāṣ: From Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Ahmad—meaning Ibn al-Walīd—from Ahmad ibn Idrīs, from Muhammad ibn Ahmad, from Muhammad ibn Ismā‘īl al-‘Alawī, who said: Muhammad ibn al-Zibriqān al-Dāmaghānī, the shaykh, narrated to me, who said: Abu al-Hasan Mūsā ibn Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: The community—its pious and its wicked—has agreed that the story of the Najrānī, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) called him to the mubahala, there were none under the cloak except the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), ‘Ali, Fatimah, al-Hasan, and al-Husayn (peace be upon them). Then Allah, Blessed and Exalted, said: “But whoever disputes with you in this matter after what has come to you of knowledge, then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our selves and your selves...” So the interpretation of “our sons” is al-Hasan and al-Husayn, “our women” is Fatimah, and “our selves” is ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon them).

_3) - الإختصاص:56. - al-Ikhtiṣāṣ: 56.

99-/1720 _4- الشَّيْخُ فِي(مَجَالِسِهِ)... «فَهَلْ فِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ... غَيْرِي؟»قَالُوا:لاَ.

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1720: The Shaykh in his Majālis said: A group informed us, from Abu al-Mufaddal, who said: al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali ibn Zakariyyā al-‘Āṣimī narrated to us, who said: Ahmad ibn ‘Ubayd Allah al-Ghadanī narrated to us, who said: al-Rabī‘ ibn Sayyār narrated to us, who said: al-A‘mash, from Sālim ibn Abi al-Ja‘d, raising it to Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him): that ‘Ali (peace be upon him), ‘Uthmān, Talhah, al-Zubayr, ‘Abd al-Rahmān ibn ‘Awf, and Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqās—‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb ordered them to enter a house, close its door upon them, and consult among themselves, giving them a term of three days; if five of them agreed on one view and one refused, that man would be killed; and if four agreed and two refused, the two would be killed. When they all agreed upon one opinion, ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) said to them: “I want you to hear from me what I will say to you. If it is true, accept it; if it is false, reject it.” They said, “Speak.” He mentioned his merits over them, and they acknowledged them. Among what he said to them: “Is there among you anyone for whom Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed the verse of mubahala concerning him and his wife and his two sons, and for whom Allah, Mighty and Majestic, made his self the self of His Messenger—other than me?” They said, “No.”

_4) - الأمالي 2:163. - al-Amālī 2:163.

99-/1721 _5- ... «اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلاَءِ أَهْلِي».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1721: And from the path of the opponents, what Muwaffaq ibn Ahmad—one of their eminent scholars—narrated: Qutaybah informed us, who said: Hātim ibn Ismā‘īl narrated to us, from Bukayr ibn Mismar, from ‘Āmir ibn Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqās, from his father, who said: Mu‘āwiyah ibn Abi Sufyān ordered Sa‘d and said, “What prevents you from reviling Abu Turāb?” He said: As for what you mentioned, there are three that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said—if I had one of them, it would be dearer to me than red camels: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) say to ‘Ali, when he left him behind in one of his campaigns: “You are to remain in my house until I return.” ‘Ali said to him, “O Messenger of Allah, do you leave me behind with women and children?” He said, “Are you not pleased to be to me as Harun was to Musa, except that there is no prophethood after me!” And I heard him say on the day of Khaybar: “I will surely give the banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and whom Allah and His Messenger love.” He said, We stretched our necks for it. He said, “Call ‘Ali for me.” ‘Ali (peace be upon him) came with an eye ailment; he spat in his eyes and handed him the banner, and Allah granted victory at his hands. And this verse was revealed: “Then say: Come, let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women…” and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) called for the mubahala ‘Ali, Fatimah, Hasan, and Husayn (peace be upon them), then said, “O Allah, these are my family.”

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى:هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ صَحِيحٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ...

_5) - مناقب الخوارزمي 59،صحيح مسلم 4:32/1871،مسند أحمد بن حنبل 1:185. - Manāqib al-Khwārazmī 59; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 4:32/1871; Musnad Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal 1:185.

99-/1722 _6- الشَّيْخُ الْمُفِيدُ... «...فَكَانَ تَأْوِيلُ قَوْلِهِ... أَنْفُسَنٰا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(ع)».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1722: Shaykh al-Mufīd in al-Ikhtiṣāṣ said: Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-‘Allāf al-Hamadānī in Hamadān narrated to me, who said: ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn Ja‘far ibn Shādhān al-Bazzāz narrated to us, who said: Abu ‘Abd Allah al-Husayn ibn Muhammad ibn Sa‘īd al-Bazzāz—known as Ibn al-Mutbaqī—and Ja‘far al-Daqqāq narrated to us, who said: Abu al-Hasan Muhammad ibn al-Fayḍ ibn Fayāḍ al-Dimashqī in Damascus narrated to us, who said: Ibrāhīm ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Akhī ‘Abd al-Razzāq narrated to us, who said: ‘Abd al-Razzāq ibn Hammām al-Ṣan‘ānī narrated to us, who said: Mu‘ammar ibn Rāshid narrated to us, who said: Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir, from his father, from his grandfather, said: When al-Sayyid and al-‘Aqib, the bishops of Najran, came in a delegation of seventy riders to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), I was with them… [long narrative culminating in the scene of mubahala and the Prophet bringing ‘Ali, Fatimah, Hasan, and Husayn under the cloak, and the Christians declining the mubahala and agreeing to terms]. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: “By the One who sent me with honor, had you engaged me in mubahala with those under the cloak, Allah would have kindled upon you the valley with a blazing fire…” Then Gabriel descended and conveyed Allah’s affirmation that if he had performed mubahala with those under the cloak against the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth, the heavens would have fallen in pieces and the earths would have been rent apart. The Prophet then raised his hands, saying that the curse of Allah would continually follow those who wronged their rights and diminished his due among the people concerning them, until the Day of Resurrection.

_6) - الإختصاص:112. - al-Ikhtiṣāṣ: 112.

99-/1723 _7- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ... «...فَهَذِهِ خُصُوصِيَّةٌ... وَ أَمَّا الرَّابِعَةُ».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1723: Ibn Bābawayh said: ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn Shādhawayh al-Mu’addib and Ja‘far ibn Muhammad ibn Masrūr (may Allah be pleased with them) narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Ja‘far al-Himyari, from his father, from al-Rayyan ibn al-Salt, from Abu al-Hasan al-Ridā (peace be upon him), in his discourse with al-Ma’mūn and the scholars regarding the distinction between the ‘itrah and the ummah, the superiority of the ‘itrah over the ummah, and the divine choosing of the ‘itrah—he mentioned the hadith at length. In it: The scholars said, “Inform us—has Allah explained the electing (istiṣfā’) in the Book?” Al-Ridā (peace be upon him) said, “He explained the electing in the outward sense as well as the inward, in twelve places…” and he said therein: “As for the third: when Allah Most High distinguished the purified ones among His creation and commanded His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) to perform mubahala by them in the verse of imprecation: ‘But whoever disputes with you… then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our selves and your selves…’” The scholars said, “He meant himself by ‘our selves.’” Abu al-Hasan (peace be upon him) said, “You are mistaken. He meant ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him). What indicates this is the Prophet’s statement when he said, ‘The sons of Wali‘ah will surely desist, or I will send to them a man like my very self’—meaning ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him). By ‘our sons’ he meant al-Hasan and al-Husayn, and by ‘our women’ he meant Fatimah (peace be upon her). This is a specificity in which no one precedes them, a virtue unattainable by any human, and an honor to which no creation precedes them, since He made the self of ‘Ali (peace be upon him) like his own self (peace and blessings be upon him and his family). This is the third; as for the fourth…” and he continued to the end of the hadith.

_7) - أمالي الصدوق:1/423. - Amālī al-Ṣadūq 1/423.

99-/1724 _8- ... «... فَكَانَ تَأْوِيلُ قَوْلِهِ...».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1724: From him, he said: Abu Ahmad Hāni’ ibn Abi Muhammad ibn Mahmūd al-‘Abdī (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, who said: My father, with his isnād up to Mūsā ibn Ja‘far (peace be upon them), in his discourse with al-Rashīd. Al-Rashīd said to him: “How do you claim, ‘We are the progeny of the Prophet,’ while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) left no male issue, and progeny is through the male, not the female; you are the children of a daughter and a woman has no progeny?” I said, “I ask you by the right of kinship, the grave, and the one in it, to excuse me from this question.” He said, “Inform me of your proof in it, O son of ‘Ali—and you, O Mūsā, are their leader and the Imam of their time, as it has reached me. I will not excuse you from anything I ask until you bring me a proof from the Book of Allah. You children of ‘Ali claim that nothing has fallen from it—not even an alif or a wāw—except that its interpretation is with you. You have argued with His saying, ‘We have not neglected in the Book a thing,’ and you have dispensed with the opinion and analogy of the scholars.” I said, “Do you permit me to answer?” He said, “Proceed.” I said, “I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan. In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful: ‘And of his offspring, David and Solomon and Job and Joseph and Moses and Aaron, and thus do We reward those who do good, and Zachariah and John and Jesus and Elias…’ O Commander of the Faithful, who is Jesus’ father?” He said, “He has no father.” I said, “Allah only attached him to the progeny of the prophets through Mary’s line; likewise Allah, the Exalted, attached us to the progeny of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) through our mother Fatimah (peace be upon her). Shall I increase you, O Commander of the Faithful?” He said, “Proceed.” I said, “Allah’s saying: ‘But whoever disputes with you… then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our selves and your selves…’ No one claims that when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) brought under the cloak for mubahala with the Christians anyone other than ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib, Fatimah, al-Hasan, and al-Husayn (peace be upon them). Thus the interpretation of His saying ‘our sons’ is al-Hasan and al-Husayn, ‘our women’ is Fatimah, and ‘our selves’ is ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him).”

_8) - عيون أخبار الرضا(عليه السلام)1:9/84. - ʿUyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā 1:9/84.

99-/1725 _9- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ حَرِيزٍ... فَكَفَّا وَ انْصَرَفَا».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1725: Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Harīz, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) was asked about his virtues, and he mentioned some of them. They said to him, “Add more for us.” He said: Two rabbis from the Christians of Najran came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and spoke concerning Jesus. Then Allah revealed this verse: “Surely the likeness of Jesus with Allah is as the likeness of Adam…” to the end of the verse. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) entered, took by the hand ‘Ali, al-Hasan, al-Husayn, and Fatimah, then went out, raised his palm to the sky, spread his fingers, and called them to the mubahala. Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: This is how the mubahala is done—he interlaces his hand in his counterpart’s hand and raises them to the sky. When the two rabbis saw him, one said to the other, “By Allah, if he is a prophet, we will surely perish; and if he is not a prophet, his people will suffice us against him.” So they refrained and withdrew.

_9) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:54/175. - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:54/175.

99-/1726 _10- ... «... وَ مَا هُوَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1726: From Muhammad ibn Sa‘īd al-Urdu(n)ī, from Mūsā ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ridā, from his brother Abu al-Hasan (peace be upon him): He said regarding this verse, “Then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our selves and your selves, then let us be earnest in prayer and invoke the curse of Allah upon the liars”: Had He said, “Come, let us be earnest in prayer and invoke the curse of Allah upon you,” they would not have responded to the mubahala. And He already knew that His Prophet conveys His messages and is not among the liars.

_10) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:55/176. - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:55/176.

99-/1727 _11- ... «مَا أَنْصَفُونَا...».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1727: From Abu Ja‘far al-Ahwal, who said: Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) said: “What does Quraysh say about the khums?” I said, “They claim it is theirs.” He said, “They have not been fair to us. By Allah, if it were a matter of mubahala, he would surely do mubahala with us; and if it were a matter of single combat, he would surely send us forth; and then we and they would be equal?!”

99-/1728 _12- ... «... أَ فَيَكُونُ لَنَا الْمُرُّ،وَ لَهُمُ الْحُلْوُ؟!».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1728: From al-Ahwal, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: I mentioned to him something the people had denied. He said: “Say to them: Quraysh said, ‘We are the near of kin for whom is the war booty.’ Say to them: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) did not call anyone but his household for single combat on the day of Badr; and at the mubahala he came with ‘Ali, al-Hasan, al-Husayn, and Fatimah (peace be upon them). So shall the bitter be ours, and the sweet be theirs?!”

99-/1729 _13- ... «... لاَ تَفْعَلُوا فَيُصِيبَكُمْ عَنَتٌ».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1729: From al-Mundhir, who said: ‘Ali (peace be upon him) narrated to us: When this verse was revealed, “Then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons…” he took the hand of ‘Ali, Fatimah, and their two sons (peace be upon them). A man from the Christians said, “Do not do it, lest hardship befall you.” So they did not call for the mubahala.

99-/1730 _14- ... «هَؤُلاَءِ أَهْلِي».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1730: From ‘Āmir ibn Sa‘d, who said: Mu‘āwiyah said to my father, “What prevents you from reviling Abu Turāb?” He said: For three things I narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): When the verse of mubahala was revealed, “Come let us call our sons and your sons…,” the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) took the hand of ‘Ali, Fatimah, al-Hasan, and al-Husayn (peace be upon them), and said, “These are my family.”

99-/1731 _15- ... «اللَّهُمَّ هَؤُلاَءِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1731: And many narrations to this meaning are reported from the opponents’ sources, among them what Muslim narrated in his Ṣaḥīḥ via multiple routes: in volume four, in the chapter of the merits of the Commander of the Faithful ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him), under the exegesis of His saying, “But whoever disputes with you… then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our selves and your selves, then let us be earnest in prayer and invoke the curse of Allah upon the liars.” Muslim raises the hadith to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)—it is long and contains several virtues unique to ‘Ali (peace be upon him)—and he says at its end: When this verse was revealed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) called ‘Ali, Fatimah, Hasan, and Husayn, and said, “O Allah, these are the people of my house.”

_15) - صحيح مسلم 4:1871 ذيل الحديث 32. - Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 4:1871, end of hadith 32.

[4] عنه في جامع الأصول 9:6479/469. - ʿanhu fī Jāmiʿ al-Uṣūl 9:6479/469.

99-/1732 _16- ... «... فَصَالَحَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ...».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1732: Al-Tha‘labī narrated in his Tafsīr of this verse, from Muqātil and al-Kalbī: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) recited this verse to the delegation of Najran and called them to mubahala, they said, “We will return and consider our affair and come to you tomorrow.” They secluded themselves and said to al-‘Āqib, who was their theologian and man of judgment, “O ‘Abd al-Masīḥ, what do you see?” He said, “By Allah, O Christians, you know that Muhammad is a sent Prophet; he has brought you clarification about your companion. By Allah, no people ever invoked a curse (la‘ana) against a prophet but their elder died and their young did not grow. If you do that, you will surely perish. If you insist upon your religion and remaining upon what you say concerning your companion, then make a treaty with the man and return to your lands.” They came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and he had come carrying al-Hasan and taking al-Husayn by the hand; Fatimah walked behind him and ‘Ali walked behind her, and he said to them, “When I supplicate, say ‘Āmīn.’” The bishop of Najran said, “O Christians, I see faces which, if they were to swear by Allah to move a mountain, He would remove it. Do not engage in mubahala, lest you perish and not a Christian remains upon the face of the earth until the Day of Resurrection.” They said, “O Abu al-Qāsim, we have seen that we will not engage you in mubahala, but will leave you upon your religion and remain upon our religion.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said, “If you refuse the mubahala, then accept Islam; you will have what the Muslims have, and upon you will be what is upon them.” They refused. He said, “Then I declare war upon you.” They said, “We have no strength for war with the Arabs. But we will make peace with you on condition that you neither invade us nor frighten us, nor turn us from our religion, on the condition that we pay you each year two thousand garments—one thousand in Ṣafar and one thousand in Rajab.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) made peace with them on that. Abu Bakr ibn Mardawayh also narrated it more fully, from Ibn ‘Abbas, al-Hasan, al-Sha‘bī, and al-Suddī. In al-Tha‘labī’s narration there is an addition: “By Him in Whose hand is my soul, the punishment had hung over the people of Najran; had they invoked the curse, they would have been transformed into apes and swine; the valley would have blazed upon them with fire; Allah would have annihilated Najran and its people—even the birds upon the treetops; and not a year would have passed over the Christians before they perished.” Then Allah Most High revealed: “Most surely this is the true explanation, and there is no god but Allah.”

_16) - عنه في العمدة لابن البطرق:290/189... - ʿanhu fī al-ʿUmda li-Ibn al-Baṭrīq: 290/189; …

99-/1733 _17- ... «... لَوْ فَعَلاَ لَأَمْطَرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا الْوَادِيَ نَاراً».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1733: Al-Shāfi‘ī Ibn al-Maghāzilī, in al-Manāqib, from al-Sha‘bī, from Jābir ibn ‘Abd Allah, said: The people of Najran came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)—al-‘Āqib and al-Sayyid. He invited them to Islam. They said, “O Muhammad, we embraced Islam before you.” He said, “You lie. Shall I inform you of what prevents you from Islam?” They said, “Bring it.” He said, “Love of the cross, drinking wine, and eating pork.” He called them to mutual imprecation (mala‘ana), and they promised to meet him in the morning. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) went out, taking ‘Ali, Fatimah, al-Hasan, and al-Husayn (peace be upon them) by the hand. Then he sent to them, but they refused to answer him; so he imposed the tribute upon them. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said, “By the One Who sent me with the truth as a Prophet, had they done so, Allah would have rained upon them the valley with fire.” Jābir said: This verse was revealed about them: “Then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our selves and your selves.” Al-Sha‘bī said: “Our sons” are al-Hasan and al-Husayn; “our women” is Fatimah; and “our selves” is ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah’s blessings be upon them).

_17) - مناقب المغازلي:310/263،شواهد التنزيل 1:170/122... - Manāqib al-Maghāzilī: 310/263; Shawāhid al-Tanzīl 1:170/122…

[1] آل عمران 3:62. - Āl ʿImrān 3:62.

قوله تعالى:

قُلْ يٰا أَهْلَ الْكِتٰابِ تَعٰالَوْا إِلىٰ كَلِمَةٍ سَوٰاءٍ بَيْنَنٰا وَ بَيْنَكُمْ أَلاّٰ نَعْبُدَ إِلاَّ اللّٰهَ وَ لاٰ نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئاً وَ لاٰ يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنٰا بَعْضاً أَرْبٰاباً مِنْ دُونِ اللّٰهِ [64]

Translation (M. H. Shakir), Āl ‘Imrān 3:64: Say: O followers of the Book! come to an equitable proposition between us and you that we shall not serve any but Allah and that we shall not associate aught with Him, and that some of us shall not take others for lords besides Allah; but if they turn back, then say: Bear witness that we are Muslims.

99-/1734 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ: ... «أَنَّ الْكَلِمَةَ هَاهُنَا...».

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1734: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Shaybānī: It is narrated from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad (peace be upon them) that “the ‘word’ here is the testimony that there is no god but Allah, that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), that ‘Isa is the servant of Allah, and that he is a created being like Adam.”

_1) - نهج البيان 1:70(مخطوط). - Nahj al-Bayān 1:70 (makhṭūṭ).

قوله تعالى:

يٰا أَهْلَ الْكِتٰابِ لِمَ تُحَاجُّونَ فِي إِبْرٰاهِيمَ وَ مٰا أُنْزِلَتِ التَّوْرٰاةُ وَ الْإِنْجِيلُ إِلاّٰ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ أَ فَلاٰ تَعْقِلُونَ -إلى قوله تعالى:- حَنِيفاً مُسْلِماً وَ مٰا كٰانَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ [65-67]

Translation (M. H. Shakir), Āl ‘Imrān 3:65–67: O followers of the Book! Why do you dispute about Ibrahim, when the Taurat and the Injeel were not revealed till after him; do you not then understand? Behold! you are they who disputed about that of which you had knowledge; why then do you dispute about that of which you have no knowledge? and Allah knows while you do not know. Ibrahim was not a Jew nor a Christian but he was (an) upright (man), a Muslim, and he was not one of the polytheists.

99-/1735 _2- قال عليّ بن إبراهيم: قوله: يٰا أَهْلَ الْكِتٰابِ...

الترجمة الإنجليزية 99-/1735: ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: His saying, “O People of the Book, why do you dispute concerning Abraham when the Torah and the Gospel were not revealed except after him? Do you not then use reason…,” [continues his exegesis].

_2) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:105. - Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:105.