Al-Hajj Ayah 25

قوله تعالى:

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَ يَصُدُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ وَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرٰامِ الَّذِي جَعَلْنٰاهُ لِلنّٰاسِ سَوٰاءً الْعٰاكِفُ فِيهِ وَ الْبٰادِ وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ فِيهِ بِإِلْحٰادٍ بِظُلْمٍ نُذِقْهُ مِنْ عَذٰابٍ أَلِيمٍ [الحجّ 22:25]

Shakir: Surely those who disbelieve and hinder men from the way of Allah and from the Sacred Mosque which We have made equally for all men, (for) the dweller therein and the visitor, and whoever inclines therein to wrong unjustly, We will make him taste of a painful chastisement.

99-/7260 _1- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:نزلت في قريش،حين صدوا رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)عن مكّة.

99-/7260: Ali ibn Ibrahim said: It was revealed about Quraysh when they barred the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) from Mecca.

99-/7261 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلاَءِ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «إِنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ عَلَّقَ عَلَى بَابِهِ مِصْرَاعَيْنِ بِمَكَّةَ،فَمَنَعَ حَاجَّ بَيْتِ اللَّهِ مَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: سَوٰاءً الْعٰاكِفُ فِيهِ وَ الْبٰادِ وَ كَانَ النَّاسُ إِذَا قَدِمُوا مَكَّةَ نَزَلَ الْبَادِي عَلَى الْحَاضِرِ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ حَجَّهُ،وَ كَانَ مُعَاوِيَةُ صَاحِبَ السِّلْسِلَةِ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: فِي سِلْسِلَةٍ ذَرْعُهٰا سَبْعُونَ ذِرٰاعاً فَاسْلُكُوهُ* إِنَّهُ كٰانَ لاٰ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللّٰهِ الْعَظِيمِ وَ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ».

99-/7261: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from several of our companions, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from ‘Ali b. al-Hakam, from al-Husayn b. Abi al-‘Ala’, said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “Mu‘awiyah was the first to hang double doors on his house in Mecca, thus preventing the pilgrims to the House of Allah from what Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘…the dweller therein and the visitor are equal.’ People, when they came to Mecca, the desert-dweller would lodge with the townsman until he completed his Hajj. And Mu‘awiyah is the one of the chain concerning whom Allah, the Exalted, said: ‘In a chain the length of which is seventy cubits, put him in’ — ‘Surely he did not believe in Allah, the Great’ [al-Haqqah 69:32–33, Shakir] — and he was the Pharaoh of this community.”

99-/7262 _3- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ،عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ،عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلاَءِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَمْ يَكُنْ لِدُورِ مَكَّةَ أَبْوَابٌ،وَ كَانَ أَهْلُ الْبُلْدَانِ يَأْتُونَ بِقِطْرَانِهِمْ فَيَدْخُلُونَ فَيَضْرِبُونَ بِهَا،وَ كَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ بَوَّبَهَا مُعَاوِيَةَ».

99-/7262: And from him, from al-Husayn b. Muhammad, from Mu‘alla b. Muhammad, from al-Washsha’, from Aban b. ‘Uthman, from Yahya b. Abi al-‘Ala’, from Abu ‘Abdillah, from his father (peace be upon them), who said: “The houses of Mecca had no doors, and the people of the towns would come with their camel-trains, enter, and make their camels kneel there; and the first to put doors on them was Mu‘awiyah.”

99-/7263 _4- الشَّيْخُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلاَءِ،قَالَ: ذَكَرَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: سَوٰاءً الْعٰاكِفُ فِيهِ وَ الْبٰادِ ،فَقَالَ:«كَانَتْ مَكَّةُ لَيْسَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْهَا بَابٌ،وَ كَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ عَلَّقَ عَلَى بَابِهِ الْمِصْرَاعَيْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ،وَ لَيْسَ يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَمْنَعَ الْحَاجَّ شَيْئاً مِنَ الدُّورِ وَ مَنَازِلِهَا».

99-/7263: The Shaykh, with his chain, from Musa b. al-Qasim, from Safwan b. Yahya, from Husayn b. Abi al-‘Ala’, said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) mentioned this verse: ‘…the dweller therein and the visitor are equal,’ and said: “Mecca had no door on any of it, and the first to hang double doors was Mu‘awiyah b. Abi Sufyan. It is not proper for anyone to prevent the pilgrims from any of the houses and dwellings.”

99-/7264 _5- وَ عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَيْسَ يَنْبَغِي لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ أَنْ يَجْعَلُوا عَلَى دُورِهِمْ أَبْوَاباً،وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْحَاجَّ يَنْزِلُونَ مَعَهُمْ فِي سَاحَةِ الدَّارِ حَتَّى يَقْضُوا حَجَّهُمْ».

99-/7264: And from him, with his chain, from Ya‘qub b. Yazid, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hafs b. al-Bukhtari, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “It is not proper for the people of Mecca to put doors on their houses, because the pilgrims lodge with them in the courtyard of the house until they complete their Hajj.”

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:83 — Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:83.

_2) - الكافي 4:1/243 — al-Kāfī 4:1/243.

_3) - الكافي 4:2/244 — al-Kāfī 4:2/244.

_4) - التهذيب 5:1458/420 — al-Tahdhīb 5:1458/420.

_5) - التهذيب 5:1615/463 — al-Tahdhīb 5:1615/463.

[1] الحاقّة 69:32 و 33. Shakir: Then cast him into a chain the length of which is seventy cubits. Surely he did not believe in Allah, the Great. [al-Haqqah 69:32–33]

[2] في«ي»:البوادي.

[3] قال المجلسي(رحمه اللّه):قوله(عليه السّلام):«بقطرانهم»كأنّه جمع القطار على غير القياس،أو هو تصحيف قطرات.قال في مصباح اللغة:القطار من الإبل عدد على نسق واحد،و الجمع قطر مثل:كتاب و كتب،و القطرات جمع الجمع.«مرآة العقول 17:109».

99-/7265 _6- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ،وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ابْنَيْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ النَّابِ،عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: سَوٰاءً الْعٰاكِفُ فِيهِ وَ الْبٰادِ .

فَقَالَ:«لَمْ يَكُنْ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ تُوضَعَ عَلَى دُورِ مَكَّةَ أَبْوَابٌ،لِأَنَّ لِلْحَاجِّ أَنْ يَنْزِلُوا مَعَهُمْ فِي سَاحَةِ الدَّارِ حَتَّى يَقْضُوا مَنَاسِكَهُمْ،وَ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ جَعَلَ لِدُورِ مَكَّةَ أَبْوَاباً مُعَاوِيَةُ».

99-/7265: Ibn Babawayh said: My father narrated to us, he said: Sa‘d b. ‘Abdillah narrated to us, from Ahmad and ‘Abdullah, the two sons of Muhammad b. ‘Isa, from Muhammad b. Abi ‘Umayr, from Hammad b. ‘Uthman al-Nabi, from ‘Ubaydullah b. ‘Ali al-Halabi, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘…the dweller therein and the visitor are equal.’ He said: “It was not proper that doors be placed on the houses of Mecca, because the pilgrims have the right to lodge with them in the courtyard of the house until they complete their rites; and the first to put doors on the houses of Mecca was Mu‘awiyah.”

99-/7266 _7- الْحِمْيَرِيُّ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،وَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ) ،أَنَّهُ كَرِهَ إِجَارَةَ بُيُوتِ مَكَّةَ،وَ قَرَأَ: سَوٰاءً الْعٰاكِفُ فِيهِ وَ الْبٰادِ .

99-/7266: Al-Himyari ‘Abdullah b. Ja‘far, with his chain, from Ja‘far, from his father, and from ‘Ali (peace be upon them), that he disliked renting the houses of Mecca, and he recited: ‘…the dweller therein and the visitor are equal.’

99-/7267 _8- وَ عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)نَهَى أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ عَنْ إِجَارَةِ بُيُوتِهِمْ،وَ أَنْ يُغْلِقُوا عَلَيْهَا أَبْوَاباً،وَ قَالَ: سَوٰاءً الْعٰاكِفُ فِيهِ وَ الْبٰادِ .قَالَ:وَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ وَ عُثْمَانُ[وَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)]حَتَّى كَانَ فِي زَمَنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ.

99-/7267: And from him, with his chain, from Ja‘far, from his father, from ‘Ali (peace be upon him): that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) forbade the people of Mecca from renting out their houses and from closing doors upon them, and he said: ‘…the dweller therein and the visitor are equal.’ He said: Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, and ‘Uthman [and ‘Ali (peace be upon him)] acted accordingly until the time of Mu‘awiyah.

99-/7268 _9- عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ فِي(مَسَائِلِهِ):عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَيْسَ يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ أَنْ يَمْنَعَ الْحَاجَّ شَيْئاً مِنَ الدُّورِ يَنْزِلُونَهَا».

99-/7268: ‘Ali b. Ja‘far, in his Masā’il, from his brother Musa b. Ja‘far (peace be upon them), said: “It is not proper for anyone from the people of Mecca to prevent the pilgrims from any of the houses they lodge in.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ فِيهِ بِإِلْحٰادٍ بِظُلْمٍ نُذِقْهُ مِنْ عَذٰابٍ أَلِيمٍ [الحجّ 22:25]

Shakir: …and whoever inclines therein to wrong unjustly, We will make him taste of a painful chastisement.

99-/7269 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ،قَالَ: أُتِيَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي الْمَسْجِدِ،فَقِيلَ لَهُ:إِنَّ سَبُعاً مِنْ سِبَاعِ الطَّيْرِ عَلَى الْكَعْبَةِ،لَيْسَ يَمُرُّ بِهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ إِلاَّ ضَرَبَهُ.فَقَالَ:«انْصِبُوا لَهُ وَ اقْتُلُوهُ،فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَلْحَدَ».

99-/7269: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from his father, and from Muhammad b. Isma‘il, from al-Fadl b. Shadhan, all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Mu‘awiyah b. ‘Ammar, who said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) was approached in the Mosque, and it was said to him: There is a bird of prey upon the Ka‘bah; nothing from the pigeons of the Sanctuary passes by it but that it strikes it. He said: “Set up for it and kill it, for it has committed ilhad (profaneness).”

99-/7270 _2- وَ عَنْهُ:اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ،مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:

وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ فِيهِ بِإِلْحٰادٍ بِظُلْمٍ .

99-/7270: And from him: Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Mu‘awiyah b. ‘Ammar, said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And whoever inclines therein to wrong unjustly.’ He said: “Every injustice is ilhad; and striking a servant without any sin is among that ilhad.”

99-/7271 _3- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ فِيهِ بِإِلْحٰادٍ بِظُلْمٍ نُذِقْهُ مِنْ عَذٰابٍ أَلِيمٍ .

فَقَالَ:كُلُّ ظُلْمٍ يَظْلِمُهُ الرَّجُلُ نَفْسَهُ بِمَكَّةَ مِنْ سَرِقَةٍ أَوْ ظُلْمِ أَحَدٍ،أَوْ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الظُّلْمِ،فَإِنِّي أَرَاهُ إِلْحَاداً»وَ لِذَلِكَ كَانَ يُتَّقَى أَنْ يُسْكَنَ الْحَرَمُ.

99-/7271: And from him, from Muhammad b. Yahya, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from Muhammad b. Isma‘il, from Muhammad b. al-Fudayl, from Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And whoever inclines therein to wrong unjustly—We will make him taste of a painful chastisement.’ He said: “Every injustice by which a man wrongs himself in Mecca—be it theft, or wronging anyone, or anything of injustice—I deem it ilhad. For this reason it was avoided to reside in the Sanctuary.”

99-/7272 _4- وَ عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ وَ غَيْرِهِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ: وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ فِيهِ بِإِلْحٰادٍ بِظُلْمٍ .

فَقَالَ:«مَنْ عَبَدَ فِيهِ غَيْرَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،أَوْ تَوَلَّى فِيهِ غَيْرَ أَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ،فَهُوَ مُلْحِدٌ بِظُلْمٍ،وَ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَنْ يُذِيقَهُ مِنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ».

99-/7272: And from him, with his chain, from Ibn Mahbub, from Abu Walad and others of our companions, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty is His Remembrance: ‘And whoever inclines therein to wrong unjustly.’ He said: “Whoever worships therein other than Allah, Mighty and Majestic, or takes as guardian therein other than the friends of Allah, is one who commits ilhad with injustice; and upon Allah, Blessed and Exalted, is that He make him taste of a painful chastisement.”

99-/7273 _5- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ،بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ فِيهِ بِإِلْحٰادٍ بِظُلْمٍ نُذِقْهُ مِنْ عَذٰابٍ أَلِيمٍ .

قَالَ:«نَزَلَتْ فِيهِمْ حَيْثُ دَخَلُوا الْكَعْبَةَ،فَتَعَاهَدُوا وَ تَعَاقَدُوا عَلَى كُفْرِهِمْ وَ جُحُودِهِمْ بِمَا نُزِّلَ فِي أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَأَلْحَدُوا فِي الْبَيْتِ بِظُلْمِهِمُ الرَّسُولَ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ وَلِيَّهُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَبُعْداً لِلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ».

99-/7273: And from him, from al-Husayn b. Muhammad, with his chain to ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Kathir, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And whoever inclines therein to wrong unjustly—We will make him taste of a painful chastisement.’ He said: “It was revealed about them when they entered the Ka‘bah and mutually pledged and covenanted upon their disbelief and their denial of what was revealed concerning the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him). So they committed ilhad in the House by wronging the Messenger (may Allah bless him and his family) and his Wali (peace be upon him). So away with the wrongdoing people!”

99-/7274 _6- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ فِيهِ بِإِلْحٰادٍ بِظُلْمٍ نُذِقْهُ مِنْ عَذٰابٍ أَلِيمٍ .

فَقَالَ:«كُلُّ ظُلْمٍ يَظْلِمُ بِهِ الرَّجُلُ نَفْسَهُ بِمَكَّةَ مِنْ سَرِقَةٍ أَوْ ظُلْمِ أَحَدٍ،أَوْ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الظُّلْمِ،فَإِنِّي أَرَاهُ إِلْحَاداً».

وَ لِذَلِكَ كَانَ يُنْهَى أَنْ يُسْكَنَ الْحَرَمُ.

99-/7274: Ibn Babawayh said: My father narrated to us… from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. ‘Isa, from al-Husayn b. Sa‘id, from Muhammad b. al-Fudayl, from Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And whoever inclines therein to wrong unjustly—We will make him taste of a painful chastisement.’ He said: “Every injustice by which a man wrongs himself in Mecca—be it theft, or wronging anyone, or anything of injustice—I deem it ilhad.” And for this reason it was forbidden to reside in the Sanctuary.

99-/7275 _7- الشَّيْخُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادٍ،عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مَنْ يُرِدْ فِيهِ بِإِلْحٰادٍ بِظُلْمٍ نُذِقْهُ مِنْ عَذٰابٍ أَلِيمٍ .

فَقَالَ:«كُلُّ ظُلْمٍ فِيهِ إِلْحَادٌ،حَتَّى لَوْ ضَرَبْتَ خَادِمَكَ ظُلْماً خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ إِلْحَاداً».فَلِذَلِكَ كَانَ الْفُقَهَاءُ يَكْرَهُونَ سُكْنَى مَكَّةَ.

99-/7275: The Shaykh, with his chain, from Musa b. al-Qasim, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hammad, from al-Halabi, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And whoever inclines therein to wrong unjustly—We will make him taste of a painful chastisement.’ He said: “Every injustice therein is ilhad—even if you were to strike your servant unjustly, I would fear it would be ilhad.” For that reason the jurists disliked residing in Mecca.

_3) - الكافي 4:3/227 — al-Kāfī 4:3/227.

_4) - الكافي 8:533/337 — al-Kāfī 8:533/337.

_5) - الكافي 1:44/348 — al-Kāfī 1:44/348.

_6) - علل الشرائع:1/445 — ‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘ 1:445.

_7) - التهذيب 5:1457/420 — al-Tahdhīb 5:1457/420.

99-/7276 _8- علي بن إبراهيم:في معنى الآية،قال:قال نزلت فيمن يلحد في أمير المؤمنين(عليه السلام)و يظلمه.

99-/7276: ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, on the meaning of the verse, said: It was revealed about those who commit ilhad concerning the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) and wrong him.

قوله تعالى:

وَ طَهِّرْ بَيْتِيَ لِلطّٰائِفِينَ وَ الْقٰائِمِينَ وَ الرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ [الحجّ 22:26]

Shakir: And when We assigned to Ibrahim the place of the House, saying: Do not associate with Me aught, and purify My House for those who make the circuit and stand to pray and bow and prostrate themselves.

99-/7277 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْعَلَوِيِّ،عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ دَاوُدَ،قَالَ:قَالَ الْإِمَامُ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ): «قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَ طَهِّرْ بَيْتِيَ لِلطّٰائِفِينَ وَ الْقٰائِمِينَ وَ الرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ يَعْنِي بِهِمْ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ)».

99-/7277: Muhammad b. al-‘Abbas said: Muhammad b. Hammam narrated to us, from Muhammad b. Isma‘il al-‘Alawi, from ‘Isa b. Dawud, who said: Imam Musa b. Ja‘far (peace be upon them) said: “His saying, Exalted is He: ‘And purify My House for those who make the circuit, and those who stand, and those who bow and prostrate’—He means by them the Family of Muhammad (blessings of Allah be upon them).”

و قد تقدمت الروايات في ذلك في سورة البقرة.

And the narrations regarding that have preceded in Surat al-Baqarah.

قوله تعالى:

وَ أَذِّنْ فِي النّٰاسِ بِالْحَجِّ يَأْتُوكَ رِجٰالاً وَ عَلىٰ كُلِّ ضٰامِرٍ يَأْتِينَ مِنْ كُلِّ فَجٍّ عَمِيقٍ [الحجّ 22:27]

Shakir: And proclaim among men the pilgrimage: they will come to you on foot and on every lean camel, coming from every remote path.

99-/7278 _2- علي بن إبراهيم،يقول:الإبل المهزولة.و قرء:«يأتون من كل فج عميق».

قال:و لما فرغ إبراهيم(عليه السلام)من بناء البيت،أمره اللّه أن يؤذن في الناس بالحج،فقال:يا ربّ،و ما يبلغ صوتي؟فقال اللّه تعالى:عليك الأذان و علي البلاغ.و ارتفع على المقام و هو يومئذ يلاصق البيت،فارتفع به المقام حتى كأنّه أطول من الجبال،فنادى،و أدخل إصبعيه في أذنيه،و أقبل بوجهه شرقا و غربا،يقول:أيها الناس كتب عليكم الحجّ إلى البيت العتيق فأجيبوا ربكم»فأجابوه من تحت البحور السبعة،و من بين المشرق و المغرب إلى منقطع التراب من أطراف الأرض كلها،و من أصلاب الرجال و أرحام النساء بالتلبية:لبيك اللّهمّ لبيك.أ و لا ترونهم يأتون يلبون؟فمن حج من يومئذ إلى يوم القيامة فهم ممن استجاب لله،و ذلك:قوله:

99-/7278: ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: [“Dhamir” means] the emaciated camels. And he recited: “They come from every deep ravine.” He said: When Ibrahim (peace be upon him) finished building the House, Allah commanded him to proclaim to the people the Hajj. He said: My Lord, how will my voice reach? Allah, Exalted, said: Your part is the proclamation, and Mine is to convey it. He stood upon the Maqam, which on that day was adjacent to the House, and the Maqam was raised with him until it was as if taller than the mountains. He called out, putting his fingers into his ears, turning his face to the east and the west, saying: O people, Hajj to the Ancient House has been prescribed for you—so answer your Lord. They answered him from beneath the seven seas, and from between east and west to where the soil ends at the edges of the whole earth, and from the loins of men and the wombs of women, with the talbiyah: Labbayk Allahumma labbayk. Do you not see them coming, reciting the talbiyah? Whoever performs Hajj from that day to the Day of Resurrection are among those who responded to Allah. And that is His saying:

_8) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:83 — Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:83.

_1) - تأويل الآيات 1:7/335 — Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:7/335.

_2) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:83 — Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:83.

[1] تقدمت في تفسير الآية(125)من سورة البقرة.

[2] في«ج»و المصدر:كان.

[3] في«ج،ي،ط»:إصبعه في أذنه.