Al-Isra Ayah 97

السَّمَاءِ فَامْتُقِعَ لَوْنُهُ [1] حَتَّى صَارَ كَأَنَّهُ الْكُرْكُمَةُ [2]،ثُمَّ لاَذَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَنَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلَى حَيْثُ نَظَرَ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَإِذَا شَيْءٌ قَدْ مَلَأَ مَا بَيْنَ الْخَافِقَيْنِ مُقْبِلاً حَتَّى كَانَ كَقَابٍ [3] مِنَ الْأَرْضِ،ثُمَّ قَالَ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكَ أُخَيِّرُكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مَلِكاً رَسُولاً أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ،أَوْ تَكُونَ عَبْداً رَسُولاً؛فَالْتَفَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلَى جَبْرَئِيلَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ قَدْ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ لَوْنُهُ.فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ:بَلْ كُنْ عَبْداً رَسُولاً؛فَرَفَعَ الْمَلَكُ رِجْلَهُ الْيُمْنَى فَوَضَعَهَا فِي كَبِدِ السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا،ثُمَّ رَفَعَ الْأُخْرَى فَوَضَعَهَا فِي الثَّانِيَةِ،ثُمَّ رَفَعَ الْيُمْنَى فَوَضَعَهَا فِي الثَّالِثَةِ،ثُمَّ هُوَ هَكَذَا حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى السَّمَاءِ السَّابِعَةِ،كُلُّ سَمَاءٍ خُطْوَةٌ،وَ كُلَّمَا ارْتَفَعَ صَغُرَ،حَتَّى صَارَ آخِرُ ذَلِكَ مِثْلَ الصِّرِّ [4]،فَالْتَفَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلَى جَبْرَئِيلَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَقَالَ:لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُكَ ذَعِراً وَ مَا رَأَيْتُ شَيْئاً كَانَ أَذْعَرَ لِي مِنْ تَغَيُّرِ لَوْنِكَ؟ فَقَالَ:يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ،لاَ تَلُمْنِي،أَ تَدْرِي مَنْ هَذَا؟قَالَ:لاَ،قَالَ:هَذَا إِسْرَافِيلُ حَاجِبُ الرَّبِّ،فَلَمْ يَنْزِلْ مِنْ مَكَانِهِ مُنْذُ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ،فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ مُنْحَطّاً ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ جَاءَ بِقِيَامِ السَّاعَةِ،فَكَانَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتَ مِنْ تَغَيُّرِ لَوْنِي لِذَلِكَ،فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ مَا اصْطَفَاكَ اللَّهُ بِهِ رَجَعَ إِلَيَّ لَوْنِي وَ نَفْسِي،أَ مَا رَأَيْتَهُ كُلَّمَا ارْتَفَعَ صَغُرَ،إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ يَدْنُو مِنَ الرَّبِّ إِلاَّ يَصْغُرُ لِعَظَمَتِهِ،إِنَّ هَذَا حَاجِبُ الرَّبِّ وَ أَقْرَبُ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ مِنْهُ،وَ اللَّوْحُ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ مِنْ يَاقُوتَةٍ حَمْرَاءَ،فَإِذَا تَكَلَّمَ الرَّبُّ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى بِالْوَحْيِ ضَرَبَ اللَّوْحُ جَبِينَهُ فَنَظَرَ فِيهِ،ثُمَّ يُلْقِيهِ إِلَيْنَا فَنَسْعَى بِهِ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ،إِنَّهُ لَأَدْنَى خَلْقِ الرَّحْمَنِ مِنْهُ،وَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ سَبْعُونَ حِجَاباً مِنْ نُورٍ تُقْطَعُ مِنْ دُونِهَا الْأَبْصَارُ مَا لاَ يُعَدُّ وَ لاَ يُوصَفُ،وَ إِنِّي لَأَقْرَبُ الْخَلْقِ مِنْهُ،وَ بَيْنِي وَ بَيْنَهُ مَسِيرَةُ أَلْفِ عَامٍ».

English: His (Gabriel’s) color changed [1] until it became as if it were saffron [2]. Then he took shelter with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family). The Messenger of Allah looked to where Gabriel had looked, and behold, something had filled what is between the two horizons, advancing until it was at a measure [3] from the earth. Then it said: “O Muhammad, I am the Messenger of Allah to you. I give you the choice: would you prefer to be a kingly messenger, or to be a servant-messenger?” The Messenger of Allah turned to Gabriel (peace be upon him), and his color had returned to him. Gabriel said: “Rather, be a servant-messenger.” Then the angel lifted his right foot and placed it in the midst of the lowest heaven, then lifted the other and placed it in the second, then lifted the right and placed it in the third; and so on until he reached the seventh heaven—each heaven a single step. The higher he rose, the smaller he became, until at the end he was like a tiny bird [4]. The Messenger of Allah turned to Gabriel and said: “I saw you terror-stricken, and nothing I saw frightened me more than the change of your color.” He replied: “O Prophet of Allah, do not blame me. Do you know who this is?” He said: “No.” He said: “This is Israfil, the Lord’s chamberlain. He has not descended from his place since Allah created the heavens and the earth. When I saw him descending, I thought he had come with the establishment of the Hour, and what you saw of the change in my color was because of that. Then when I saw what Allah has chosen you for, my color and breath returned to me. Did you not see that the higher he rose, the smaller he became? Nothing draws near to the Lord without becoming small before His greatness. This is the Lord’s chamberlain and the closest of Allah’s creation to Him. The Tablet between his eyes is of a red ruby. When the Lord, blessed and exalted, speaks the revelation, the Tablet strikes his forehead, so he looks into it, then he casts it to us, and we hasten with it through the heavens and the earth. He is indeed the closest of the All-Merciful’s creation to Him, yet between him and Him are seventy veils of light beyond which vision is cut off—beyond count and description. And I am the closest of creation to him, yet between me and him is a journey of a thousand years.”

/6565 _6- قال عليّ بن إبراهيم:و قوله: وَ مٰا مَنَعَ النّٰاسَ أَنْ يُؤْمِنُوا إِذْ جٰاءَهُمُ الْهُدىٰ إِلاّٰ أَنْ قٰالُوا أَ بَعَثَ اللّٰهُ بَشَراً رَسُولاً .

قال:قال الكفّار:لم لم يبعث اللّه إلينا الملائكة؟فقال اللّه عزّ و جلّ:و لو بعثنا إليهم ملكا لما آمنوا و لهلكوا،و لو كانت الملائكة في الأرض يمشون مطمئنين لنزلنا عليهم من السماء ملكا رسولا».

English (6565-/6): ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said regarding His saying: “And nothing prevented people from believing when the guidance came to them except that they said: Has Allah raised up a mortal as an apostle?” (Qur’an 17:94, M. H. Shakir). The unbelievers said: Why did Allah not send the angels to us? So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: “And if We had sent to them an angel, they would certainly have disbelieved, and then they would not have been respited” (cf. Qur’an 17:59), and: “Say: Had there been in the earth angels walking about secure, We would certainly have sent down to them from the heaven an angel as a messenger” (Qur’an 17:95, M. H. Shakir).

قوله تعالى:

وَ نَحْشُرُهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ عَلىٰ وُجُوهِهِمْ عُمْياً وَ بُكْماً وَ صُمًّا مَأْوٰاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ كُلَّمٰا خَبَتْ زِدْنٰاهُمْ سَعِيراً [97]

Qur’an 17:97 (M. H. Shakir): And whom Allah guides, he is the follower of the right way; and whom He causes to err, you shall not find for them guardians besides Him; and We will gather them on the day of resurrection on their faces, blind and dumb and deaf; their abode is hell; whenever it becomes allayed, We will add to their burning.

_6) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:27.

[1] امتقع لونه:إذا تغيّر من حزن أو فزع.«لسان العرب-مقع-8:341».

Transliteration: imtaqa‘a lawnuhu: idhā taghayyara min huznin aw faza‘. “Lisān al-‘Arab – maq‘a – 8:341.”

[2] الكُرْكُمة:واحدة الكُرْكُم،و هو الزّعفران،و قيل:العصفر،و قيل:شيء كالورس،هو فارسي معرّب.«النهاية 4:166».

Transliteration: al-kurkuma: wāḥidatu al-kurkumi, wa huwa al-za‘farān, wa qīla: al-‘uṣfur, wa qīla: shay’un kal-wars, huwa fārisī mu‘arrab. “al-Nihāyah 4:166.”

[3] القاب:المقدار،و من القوس:ما بين المقبض و طرف القوس.«المعجم الوسيط-قاب 2:765».

Transliteration: al-qāb: al-miqdār, wa mina al-qaws: mā bayna al-maqbiḍ wa ṭarafi al-qaws. “al-Mu‘jam al-Wasīṭ – qāb 2:765.”

[4] في المصدر:الذّر،و الصّرّ:عصفور أو طائر في قدّه،أصفر اللون:«مجمع البحرين-صرر-3:365».

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: al-dharr, wa al-ṣirr: ‘uṣfūr aw ṭā’ir fī qaddihi, aṣfaru al-lawni. “Majma‘ al-Baḥrayn – ṣrr – 3:365.”

/6566 _1- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:و قوله تعالى: وَ نَحْشُرُهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ عَلىٰ وُجُوهِهِمْ عُمْياً وَ بُكْماً وَ صُمًّا قال:على جباههم مَأْوٰاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ كُلَّمٰا خَبَتْ زِدْنٰاهُمْ سَعِيراً :أي كلما انطفت.

English (6566-/1): ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said regarding His saying: “And We will gather them on the day of resurrection on their faces, blind and dumb and deaf; their abode is hell; whenever it becomes allayed, We will add to their burning” (Qur’an 17:97, M. H. Shakir): “On their foreheads.” “Their abode is Hell; whenever it becomes allayed, We will add to their burning”—that is, whenever it dies down.

99-/6567 _2- ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ،يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ فِي جَهَنَّمَ وَادِياً يُقَالُ لَهُ سَعِيرٌ،إِذَا خَبَتْ جَهَنَّمُ فُتِحَ سَعِيرُهَا،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ: كُلَّمٰا خَبَتْ زِدْنٰاهُمْ سَعِيراً أَيْ كُلَّمَا انْطَفَتْ».

English (99-/6567 _2-): Then ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Sayf ibn ‘Umayrah, raising it to ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon him). He said: “In Hell there is a valley called Sa‘īr. When Hell dies down, its Sa‘īr is opened, and it is His saying: ‘Whenever it becomes allayed, We will add to their burning’—that is, whenever it is extinguished.” (Qur’an 17:97, M. H. Shakir)

99-/6568 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُمَرَ،رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ نَحْشُرُهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ عَلىٰ وُجُوهِهِمْ ،قَالَ:«عَلَى جِبَاهِهِمْ».

English (99-/6568 _3-): Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Ibrāhīm ibn ‘Umar, raising it to one of the two (peace be upon them), regarding His saying, “And We will gather them on the day of resurrection on their faces” (Qur’an 17:97): “On their foreheads.”

99-/6569 _4- عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ [1]،رَفَعَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ فِي جَهَنَّمَ لَوَادِياً يُقَالُ لَهُ:سَعِيرٌ إِذَا خَبَتْ جَهَنَّمُ فُتِحَ سَعِيرُهَا،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: كُلَّمٰا خَبَتْ زِدْنٰاهُمْ سَعِيراً ».

English (99-/6569 _4-): From Bakr ibn Bakr [1], who raised the report to ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon them), who said: “In Hell there is indeed a valley called Sa‘īr. When Hell dies down, its Sa‘īr is opened, and it is Allah’s saying: ‘Whenever it becomes allayed, We will add to their burning’.” (Qur’an 17:97, M. H. Shakir)

قوله تعالى:

قُلْ لَوْ أَنْتُمْ تَمْلِكُونَ خَزٰائِنَ رَحْمَةِ رَبِّي إِذاً لَأَمْسَكْتُمْ خَشْيَةَ الْإِنْفٰاقِ وَ كٰانَ الْإِنْسٰانُ قَتُوراً [100]

Qur’an 17:100 (M. H. Shakir): Say: If you possessed the treasures of the mercy of my Lord, then you would withhold for fear of spending; and man is niggardly.

/6570 _5- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:لو كانت الأموال بيد الناس لما أعطوا الناس شيئا مخافة الفقر [2]. وَ كٰانَ الْإِنْسٰانُ قَتُوراً أي بخيلا.

English (6570-/5): ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: If wealth were in the hands of people, they would not give people anything out of fear of poverty [2]. “And man is niggardly”—that is, stingy.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنٰا مُوسىٰ تِسْعَ آيٰاتٍ بَيِّنٰاتٍ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ إِنِّي لَأَظُنُّكَ يٰا فِرْعَوْنُ مَثْبُوراً [101-102]

Qur’an 17:101-102 (M. H. Shakir): And certainly We gave Musa nine clear signs; so ask the children of Israel. When he came to them, Firon said to him: Surely I consider you to be one bewitched, O Musa. He said: Certainly you know that none has sent down these except the Lord of the heavens and the earth as clear proofs, and most surely I think you, O Firon, to be given to destruction.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:29.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:29.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:29.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:29.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:168/318.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:168/318.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:169/318.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:169/318.

_5) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:29.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:29.

[1] لعلّه بكر بن أبي بكر.انظر معجم رجال الحديث 3:340.

Transliteration: la‘allahu Bakr ibn Abī Bakr. Unẓur Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 3:340.

[2] في المصدر و«ط»نسخة بدل:النفاد.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar wa “Ṭ” nuskha: badal: al-nafād.