S 2 A 177

بقرة آيه 177

99-/783 _4- وَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) «مَا أَعْمَلَهُمْ بِأَعْمَالِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ!».

99-/783 _4- And from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): “How persistent they are in the deeds of the people of the Fire!”

قوله تعالى:

لَيْسَ الْبِرَّ أَنْ تُوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ قِبَلَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَ لٰكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَ الْمَلاٰئِكَةِ وَ الْكِتٰابِ وَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ آتَى الْمٰالَ عَلىٰ حُبِّهِ ذَوِي الْقُرْبىٰ وَ الْيَتٰامىٰ وَ الْمَسٰاكِينَ وَ ابْنَ السَّبِيلِ وَ السّٰائِلِينَ وَ فِي الرِّقٰابِ وَ أَقٰامَ الصَّلاٰةَ وَ آتَى الزَّكٰاةَ وَ الْمُوفُونَ بِعَهْدِهِمْ إِذٰا عٰاهَدُوا[177]

Quran 2:177 (M. H. Shakir): It is not righteousness that you turn your faces towards the East and the West, but righteousness is this that one should believe in Allah and the last day and the angels and the Book and the prophets, and give away wealth out of love for Him to the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer and the beggars and for the emancipation of the captives, and keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate; and the performers of their promise when they make a promise.

99-/784 _5- علي بن إبراهيم: شرط [1] الإيمان الذي هو التصديق بالملائكة و الكتاب و النبيين.

99-/784 _5- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim: The condition of faith [1] is affirmation of the angels, the Book, and the prophets.

99-/785 _6- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ: اَلْمَرْوِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) «ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى: قَرَابَةُ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

99-/785 _6- Abu ‘Ali al-Tabrisi: It is narrated from Abu Ja‘far and Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon them): “The near of kin (dhawi al-qurba) are the relatives of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family).”

99-/786 _7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقٰاتُ لِلْفُقَرٰاءِ وَ الْمَسٰاكِينِ [2]؟ قَالَ: «الْفَقِيرُ الَّذِي لاَ يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ، وَ الْمِسْكِينُ أَجْهَدُ مِنْهُ، وَ الْبَائِسُ أَجْهَدُهُمْ».

99-/786 _7- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Muhammad ibn Khalid, from ‘Abdullah ibn Yahya, from ‘Abdullah ibn Muskan, from Abu Basir, who said: I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) regarding the word of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “Alms are only for the poor and the needy” [2]. He said: “The faqir is the one who does not ask people; the miskin is more distressed than him; and the ba’is is the most distressed of them.”

Reference for the quoted verse: Quran 9:60 (M. H. Shakir)

99-/787 _8- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ: «ابْنُ السَّبِيلِ: اَلْمُنْقَطَعُ بِهِ» عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).

99-/787 _8- Abu ‘Ali al-Tabrisi, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him): “Ibn al-sabil (the wayfarer) is one cut off on his journey.”

99-/788 _9- الشَّيْخُ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ): بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنْ مُكَاتَبٍ [1] عَجَزَ عَنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ وَ قَدْ أَدَّى بَعْضَهَا. قَالَ: «يُؤَدَّى عَنْهُ مِنْ مَالِ الصَّدَقَةِ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: وَ فِي الرِّقٰابِ».

99-/788 _9- The Shaykh in (al-Tahdhib), by his chain from Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya, from Abu Ishaq, from some of our companions, from al-Sadiq (peace be upon him). He said: He was asked about a mukatab [1] who was unable to complete his contract while having paid part of it. He said: “It is to be paid on his behalf from the alms funds, for Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: ‘and for the emancipation of the captives (wa fi al-riqab).’”

Reference for the quoted phrase: Quran 2:177 (M. H. Shakir)

قوله تعالى:

وَ الصّٰابِرِينَ فِي الْبَأْسٰاءِ وَ الضَّرّٰاءِ وَ حِينَ الْبَأْسِ أُولٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا وَ أُولٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُتَّقُونَ[177]

Quran 2:177 (M. H. Shakir, continuation): and the patient in distress and affliction and in time of conflicts; these are they who are true (to themselves) and these are they who guard (against evil).

99-/789 _1- علي بن إبراهيم، قال: في الجوع و العطش و الخوف وَ حِينَ الْبَأْسِ قال: عند القتل.

99-/789 _1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: “In hunger, thirst, and fear; and ‘in time of conflicts’ means at the time of killing.”

قوله تعالى:

يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِصٰاصُ فِي الْقَتْلىٰ الْحُرُّ بِالْحُرِّ وَ الْعَبْدُ بِالْعَبْدِ وَ الْأُنْثىٰ بِالْأُنْثىٰ فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَيْءٌ فَاتِّبٰاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ أَدٰاءٌ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسٰانٍ ذٰلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ رَحْمَةٌ فَمَنِ اعْتَدىٰ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ فَلَهُ عَذٰابٌ أَلِيمٌ[178]

Quran 2:178 (M. H. Shakir): O you who believe! retaliation is prescribed for you in the matter of the slain, the free for the free, and the slave for the slave, and the female for the female; but if any remission is made to any one by his (aggrieved) brother, then prosecution (should be) according to usage, and payment should be made to him in a good manner; this is an alleviation from your Lord and a mercy; so whoever exceeds the limit after this shall have a painful chastisement.

99-/790 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِصٰاصُ فِي الْقَتْلىٰ الْحُرُّ بِالْحُرِّ وَ الْعَبْدُ بِالْعَبْدِ وَ الْأُنْثىٰ بِالْأُنْثىٰ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ: «لاَ يُقْتَلُ حُرٌّ بِعَبْدٍ، وَ لَكِنْ يُضْرَبُ ضَرْباً شَدِيداً، وَ يُغَرَّمُ ثَمَنَهُ دِيَةَ الْعَبْدِ».

99-/790 _2- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from Abu ‘Ali al-Ash‘ari, from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar, from Safwan, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Basir, from one of the two (Imams) (peace be upon them). He said: I said to him about the word of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “Retaliation is prescribed for you in the matter of the slain—the free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the female for the female.” He said: “A free man is not killed for a slave; rather, he is severely beaten and required to pay his price—the blood money of the slave.”

99-/791 _3- وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفّٰارَةٌ لَهُ [2]. فَقَالَ: «يُكَفَّرُ عَنْهُ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ».

99-/791 _3- And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman, from al-Halabi, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him about the word of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “But whoever remits it by way of charity, it is an expiation for him” [2]. He said: “Some of his sins are expiated for him.”

Reference for the quoted clause: Quran 5:45 (M. H. Shakir)

الهوامش والمراجع:

_4) مجمع البيان 1:470.

_4) Majma‘ al-Bayan 1:470.

_5) تفسير القمّيّ 1:64.

_5) Tafsir al-Qummi 1:64.

_6) مجمع البيان 1:477.

_6) Majma‘ al-Bayan 1:477.

_7) الكافي 3:16/501.

_7) al-Kafi 3:16/501.

_8) مجمع البيان 1:477.

_8) Majma‘ al-Bayan 1:477.

_9) التهذيب 8:1002/275.

_9) al-Tahdhib 8:1002/275.

[1] في المصدر: شروط.

[1] fi al-masdar: shurūt.

[2] التوبة 9:60.

[2] al-Tawbah 9:60.

_1) تفسير القمّيّ 1:64.

_1) Tafsir al-Qummi 1:64.

_2) الكافي 7:1/304.

_2) al-Kafi 7:1/304.

_3) الكافي 7:1/358.

_3) al-Kafi 7:1/358.

[1] المكاتب: العبد المعتق يكاتب على نفسه بثمنه، فإذا سعى و أدّاه عتق. «مجمع البحرين-كتب-2:154».

[1] al-mukātib: the slave whose master contracts with him for his price; when he strives and pays it, he is emancipated. “Majma‘ al-Bahrayn – kutub – 2:154”.

[2] المائدة 5:45.

[2] al-Mā’idah 5:45.