Yunus Ayah 98

يونس آيه 98

قوله تعالى:

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ لاٰ يُؤْمِنُونَ وَ لَوْ جٰاءَتْهُمْ كُلُّ آيَةٍ حَتّٰى يَرَوُا الْعَذٰابَ الْأَلِيمَ [96-97]

(Quran 10:96–97, M. H. Shakir: Surely (as for) those against whom the word of your Lord has proved true, they will not believe, Though every sign should come to them, until they witness the painful chastisement.)

/4975 _1-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:الذين جحدوا أمير المؤمنين(عليه السلام)،و قوله: حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ لاٰ يُؤْمِنُونَ قال:عرضت عليهم الولاية،و قد فرض اللّه عليهم الإيمان بها،فلم يؤمنوا بها.

99-/4975 - Ali ibn Ibrahim said: They are those who denied the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him). And regarding His word: “Against whom the word of your Lord has proved true — they will not believe,” he said: Wilayah was presented to them, and Allah had made faith in it obligatory upon them, but they did not believe in it.

قوله تعالى:

فَلَوْ لاٰ كٰانَتْ قَرْيَةٌ آمَنَتْ فَنَفَعَهٰا إِيمٰانُهٰا إِلاّٰ قَوْمَ يُونُسَ لَمّٰا آمَنُوا كَشَفْنٰا عَنْهُمْ عَذٰابَ الْخِزْيِ فِي الْحَيٰاةِ الدُّنْيٰا وَ مَتَّعْنٰاهُمْ إِلىٰ حِينٍ [98]

(Quran 10:98, M. H. Shakir: And why was there not a town which believed so that their belief should have profited them but the people of Yunus? When they believed We removed from them the chastisement of disgrace in this world and We gave them provision till a time.)

99-/4976 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ مَعْرُوفِ بْنِ خَرَّبُوذَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رِيَاحَ رَحْمَةٍ وَ رِيَاحَ عَذَابٍ،فَإِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ الْعَذَابَ مِنَ الرِّيَاحِ رَحْمَةً فَعَلَ-قَالَ-وَ لَنْ يَجْعَلَ الرَّحْمَةَ مِنَ الرِّيحِ عَذَاباً-قَالَ-وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَرْحَمْ قَوْماً قَطُّ أَطَاعُوهُ،وَ كَانَتْ طَاعَتُهُمْ إِيَّاهُ وَبَالاً عَلَيْهِمْ،إِلاَّ مِنْ بَعْدِ تَحَوُّلِهِمْ عَنْ طَاعَتِهِ».

قَالَ:«وَ كَذَلِكَ فَعَلَ بِقَوْمِ يُونُسَ لَمَّا آمَنُوا رَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ مَا قَدْ كَانَ قَدَّرَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَذَابَ وَ قَضَاهُ،ثُمَّ تَدَارَكَهُمْ بِرَحْمَتِهِ،فَجَعَلَ الْعَذَابَ الْمُقَدَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَحْمَةً،فَصَرَفَهُ عَنْهُمْ،وَ قَدْ أَنْزَلَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ غَشِيَهُمْ،وَ ذَلِكَ لَمَّا آمَنُوا بِهِ وَ تَضَرَّعُوا إِلَيْهِ».

99-/4976 - Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub, from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Ibn Mahbub, from ‘Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Ma‘ruf ibn Kharrabudh, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), said: Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has winds of mercy and winds of punishment. If Allah wills to make punishment from the winds into mercy, He does so — and He will never make mercy from the wind into punishment — because He has never shown mercy to a people who obeyed Him, and their obedience to Him became a calamity upon them, except after they had turned away from obeying Him. He said: And thus He did with the people of Yunus: when they believed, Allah had mercy upon them after He had decreed punishment upon them and had ordained it; then He overtook them with His mercy, making the punishment decreed for them into mercy, and He turned it away from them — even though He had already sent it down upon them and it had enveloped them — and that was when they believed in Him and entreated Him.

99-/4977 _3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْكُوفِيُّ،عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ النَّخَعِيِّ،عَنْ عَمِّهِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ النَّوْفَلِيِّ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ صَرَفَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الْعَذَابَ عَنْ قَوْمِ يُونُسَ وَ قَدْ أَظَلَّهُمْ،وَ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ بِغَيْرِهِمْ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ؟ فَقَالَ:«لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّهُ سَيَصْرِفُهُ عَنْهُمْ لِتَوْبَتِهِمْ،وَ إِنَّمَا تَرَكَ إِخْبَارَ يُونُسَ بِذَلِكَ، لِأَنَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُفَرِّغَهُ لِعِبَادَتِهِ فِي بَطْنِ الْحُوتِ،فَيَسْتَوْجِبَ بِذَلِكَ ثَوَابَهُ وَ كَرَامَتَهُ».

99-/4977 - Ibn Babawayh said: ‘Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn Abi ‘Abdillah al-Kufi narrated to us, from Musa ibn ‘Imran al-Nakha‘i, from his uncle al-Husayn ibn Yazid al-Nawfali, from ‘Ali ibn Salim, from his father, from Abu Basir, who said: I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): For what reason did Allah, Mighty and Majestic, turn the punishment away from the people of Yunus when it had already overshadowed them, while He did not do that for other nations? He said: Because it was in Allah’s knowledge, Mighty and Majestic, that He would turn it away from them due to their repentance. He only refrained from informing Yunus of that because He, Mighty and Majestic, wished to free him for His worship in the belly of the fish, so that by that he would merit His reward and honor.

99-/4978 _3- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَا حُمَيْدِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى الْعِجْلِيِّ،عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ: «مَا رَدَّ اللَّهُ الْعَذَابَ عَنْ قَوْمٍ قَدْ أَظَلَّهُمْ إِلاَّ قَوْمَ يُونُسَ». فَقُلْتُ:أَ كَانَ قَدْ أَظَلَّهُمْ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ،قَدْ نَالُوهُ بِأَكُفِّهِمْ». فَقُلْتُ:كَيْفَ كَانَ ذَلِكَ؟قَالَ:«كَانَ فِي الْعِلْمِ الْمُثْبَتِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِي لَمْ يَطَّلِعْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ أَنَّهُ سَيَصْرِفُهُ عَنْهُمْ».

99-/4978 - And from him: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Ahmad ibn al-Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn ibn Abi al-Khattab, from al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali ibn Faddal, from Abu al-Maghra Humayd ibn al-Muthanna al-‘Ijli, from Sama‘ah that he heard him (peace be upon him) saying: Allah has never turned punishment away from a people once it had overshadowed them, except the people of Yunus. I said: Had it overshadowed them? He said: Yes, they had touched it with their very hands. I said: How was that? He said: It was in the established knowledge with Allah, Mighty and Majestic — to which none had access — that He would turn it away from them.

99-/4979 _4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ جَمِيلٍ،قَالَ:قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «مَا رَدَّ اللَّهُ الْعَذَابَ إِلاَّ عَنْ قَوْمِ يُونُسَ،وَ كَانَ يُونُسُ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلاَمِ فَيَأْبَوْنَ ذَلِكَ،فَهَمَّ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ،وَ كَانَ فِيهِمْ رَجُلاَنِ:عَابِدٌ،وَ عَالِمٌ،وَ كَانَ اسْمُ أَحَدِهِمَا تَنُوخَا،وَ الْآخَرُ اسْمُهُ رُوبِيلَ،فَكَانَ الْعَابِدُ يُشِيرُ عَلَى يُونُسَ بِالدُّعَاءِ عَلَيْهِمْ،وَ كَانَ الْعَالِمُ يَنْهَاهُ،وَ يَقُولُ:لاَ تَدْعُ عَلَيْهِمْ،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَسْتَجِيبُ لَكَ،وَ لاَ يُحِبُّ هَلاَكَ عِبَادِهِ.فَقَبِلَ قَوْلَ الْعَابِدِ،وَ لَمْ يَقْبَلْ قَوْلَ الْعَالِمِ،فَدَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ،فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ:يَأْتِيهِمُ الْعَذَابُ فِي سَنَةِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا،فِي شَهْرِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا،فِي يَوْمِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا. فَلَمَّا قَرُبَ الْوَقْتُ خَرَجَ يُونُسُ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ مَعَ الْعَابِدِ وَ بَقِيَ الْعَالِمُ فِيهَا،فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ نَزَلَ الْعَذَابُ، فَقَالَ الْعَالِمُ لَهُمْ:يَا قَوْمِ،افْزَعُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ فَلَعَلَّهُ يَرْحَمُكُمْ وَ يَرُدُّ الْعَذَابَ عَنْكُمْ.فَقَالُوا:كَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ؟قَالَ:اِجْتَمِعُوا وَ اخْرُجُوا إِلَى الْمَفَازَةِ،وَ فَرِّقُوا بَيْنَ النِّسَاءِ وَ الْأَوْلاَدِ،وَ بَيْنَ الْإِبِلِ وَ أَوْلاَدِهَا،وَ بَيْنَ الْبَقَرِ وَ أَوْلاَدِهَا،وَ بَيْنَ الْغَنَمِ وَ أَوْلاَدِهَا، ثُمَّ ابْكُوا وَ ادْعُوا.فَذَهَبُوا وَ فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ،وَ ضَجُّوا وَ بَكَوْا،فَرَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَ صَرَفَ عَنْهُمُ الْعَذَابَ،وَ فَرَّقَ الْعَذَابَ عَلَى الْجِبَالِ،وَ قَدْ كَانَ نَزَلَ وَ قَرُبَ مِنْهُمْ. فَأَقْبَلَ يُونُسُ لِيَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ أَهْلَكَهُمُ اللَّهُ،فَرَأَى الزَّارِعِينَ يَزْرَعُونَ فِي أَرْضِهِمْ،قَالَ لَهُمْ:مَا فَعَلَ قَوْمُ يُونُسَ؟فَقَالُوا لَهُ،وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوهُ:إِنَّ يُونُسَ دَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ فَاسْتَجَابَ اللَّهُ لَهُ،وَ نَزَلَ الْعَذَابُ عَلَيْهِمْ،فَاجْتَمَعُوا وَ بَكَوْا وَ دَعَوْا فَرَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ، وَ صَرَفَ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمْ،وَ فَرَّقَ الْعَذَابَ عَلَى الْجِبَالِ،فَهُمْ إِذَنْ يَطْلُبُونَ يُونُسَ لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ. فَغَضِبَ يُونُسُ،وَ مَرَّ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ مُغَاضِباً،كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى،حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ،فَإِذَا سَفِينَةٌ قَدْ شُحِنَتْ،وَ أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَدْفَعُوهَا،فَسَأَلَهُمْ يُونُسُ أَنْ يَحْمِلُوهُ فَحَمَلُوهُ،فَلَمَّا تَوَسَّطُوا الْبَحْرَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ حُوتاً عَظِيماً، فَحَبَسَ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّفِينَةَ مِنْ قُدَّامِهَا،فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ يُونُسُ فَفَزِعَ مِنْهُ،وَ صَارَ إِلَى مُؤَخَّرِ السَّفِينَةِ فَدَارَ إِلَيْهِ الْحُوتُ وَ فَتَحَ فَاهُ، فَخَرَجَ أَهْلُ السَّفِينَةِ،فَقَالُوا:فِينَا عَاصٍ.فَتَسَاهَمُوا فَخَرَجَ سَهْمُ يُونُسَ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَسٰاهَمَ فَكٰانَ مِنَ الْمُدْحَضِينَ. فَأَخْرَجُوهُ فَأَلْقَوْهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ،فَالْتَقَمَهُ الْحُوتُ وَ مَرَّ بِهِ فِي الْمَاءِ.

99-/4979 - ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: My father told me, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Jamil, who said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said to me: Allah only turned punishment away from the people of Yunus. Yunus used to call them to Islam but they refused; so he was resolved to call down a curse upon them. Among them were two men: a worshiper and a scholar. One was named Tanukha, and the other’s name was Rubil. The worshiper advised Yunus to pray against them, while the scholar forbade him, saying: Do not pray against them, for Allah will answer you, and He does not love the destruction of His servants. He accepted the word of the worshiper and did not accept the word of the scholar, so he prayed against them. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed to him: The punishment will come upon them in such-and-such a year, such-and-such a month, on such-and-such a day. When the time drew near, Yunus left them with the worshiper, and the scholar remained in the city. On that day, the punishment descended. The scholar said to them: O my people, seek refuge with Allah; perhaps He will have mercy on you and turn the punishment away from you. They said: What should we do? He said: Gather together and go out to the open land; separate the women from their children, the camels from their young, the cattle from their calves, and the sheep from their lambs; then weep and supplicate. So they went and did that, clamored and wept. Allah had mercy on them and turned the punishment away from them, dispersing it over the mountains — it had indeed descended and drawn near to them. Yunus approached to see how Allah had destroyed them, and saw the farmers sowing in their fields. He said to them: What became of the people of Yunus? They said to him, not recognizing him: Yunus prayed against them, Allah answered him, and the punishment descended upon them. But they assembled, wept, and prayed, so Allah had mercy on them and turned it away and scattered the punishment over the mountains. They are now seeking Yunus so they may believe in him. Yunus became angry and went on his way in anger, as Allah the Exalted related, until he came to the seashore where a ship, already laden, was about to depart. He asked them to take him aboard, and they did. When they were in mid-sea, Allah sent a great fish which blocked the ship from the front. Yunus looked at it and was terrified, moved to the stern, then the fish turned toward him and opened its mouth. The people of the ship came out and said: There is a sinner among us. They cast lots, and the lot fell on Yunus — and that is His word, Mighty and Majestic: “So he shared with them, then he was of those who are cast off.” (Quran 37:141, M. H. Shakir: So he shared (with them), but was of those who are cast off.) They took him and cast him into the sea; the fish swallowed him and went with him through the water.

وَ قَدْ سَأَلَ بَعْضُ الْيَهُودِ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ سِجْنٍ طَافَ أَقْطَارَ الْأَرْضِ بِصَاحِبِهِ.قَالَ:يَا يَهُودِيُّ،أَمَّا السِّجْنُ الَّذِي طَافَ أَقْطَارَ الْأَرْضِ بِصَاحِبِهِ،فَإِنَّهُ الْحُوتُ الَّذِي حُبِسَ يُونُسُ فِي بَطْنِهِ،فَدَخَلَ فِي بَحْرِ الْقُلْزُمِ،ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى بَحْرِ مِصْرَ،ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فِي بَحْرِ طَبَرِسْتَانَ،ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فِي دِجْلَةَ الْغَوْرِ،ثُمَّ مَرَّتْ بِهِ تَحْتَ الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى لَحِقَتْ بِقَارُونَ،وَ كَانَ قَارُونُ هَلَكَ فِي أَيَّامِ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ وَكَّلَ[اللَّهُ]بِهِ مَلَكاً يُدْخِلُهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ قَامَةَ رَجُلٍ،وَ كَانَ يُونُسُ فِي بَطْنِ الْحُوتِ يُسَبِّحُ اللَّهَ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُهُ،فَسَمِعَ قَارُونُ صَوْتَهُ،فَقَالَ لِلْمَلَكِ الْمُوَكَّلِ بِهِ:أَنْظِرْنِي فَإِنِّي أَسْمَعُ كَلاَمَ آدَمِيٍّ.فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى الْمَلَكِ الْمُوَكَّلِ بِهِ:أَنْظِرْهُ.فَأَنْظَرَهُ،ثُمَّ قَالَ قَارُونُ:مَنْ أَنْتَ؟قَالَ يُونُسُ،أَنَا الْمُذْنِبُ الْخَاطِئُ يُونُسُ بْنُ مَتَّى. قَالَ:فَمَا فَعَلَ الشَّدِيدُ الْغَضَبِ لِلَّهِ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ؟قَالَ:هَيْهَاتَ!هَلَكَ. قَالَ:فَمَا فَعَلَ الرَّءُوفُ الرَّحِيمُ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ هَارُونُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ؟قَالَ:هَلَكَ. قَالَ:فَمَا فَعَلَتْ كُلْثُمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ سُمِّيَتْ لِي؟قَالَ:هَيْهَاتَ!مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ آلِ عِمْرَانَ أَحَدٌ. فَقَالَ قَارُونُ:وَا أَسَفاً عَلَى آلِ عِمْرَانَ.فَشَكَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ،فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْمَلَكَ الْمُوَكَّلَ بِهِ أَنْ يَرْفَعَ عَنْهُ الْعَذَابَ أَيَّامَ الدُّنْيَا،فَرَفَعَ عَنْهُ.

فَلَمَّا رَأَى يُونُسُ ذَلِكَ نَادَى فِي الظُّلُمَاتِ:أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ سُبْحَانَكَ،إِنِّي كُنْتُ مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ.

(Quran 21:87, M. H. Shakir: And Yunus, when he went away in wrath, so he thought that We had no power over him, so he called out in the dark: There is no god but Thou, glory be to Thee; surely I am of those who make themselves to suffer loss.)

فَاسْتَجَابَ اللَّهُ لَهُ،وَ أَمَرَ الْحُوتَ أَنْ يَلْفِظَهُ فَلَفَظَهُ عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ،وَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ جِلْدُهُ وَ لَحْمُهُ.وَ أَنْبَتَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ شَجَرَةً مِنْ يَقْطِينٍ -وَ هِيَ الدُّبَّاءُ-فَأَظَلَّتْهُ عَنِ الشَّمْسِ فَشَكَرَ،ثُمَّ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الشَّجَرَةَ فَتَنَحَّتْ عَنْهُ،وَ وَقَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَيْهِ فَجَزِعَ، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ:يَا يُونُسُ،لِمَ لَمْ تَرْحَمْ مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ أَوْ يَزِيدُونَ،وَ أَنْتَ تَجْزَعُ مِنْ أَلَمِ سَاعَةٍ؟فَقَالَ:يَا رَبِّ،عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ، فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَدَنَهُ وَ رَجَعَ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ وَ آمَنُوا بِهِ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ: فَلَوْ لاٰ كٰانَتْ قَرْيَةٌ آمَنَتْ فَنَفَعَهٰا إِيمٰانُهٰا إِلاّٰ قَوْمَ يُونُسَ لَمّٰا آمَنُوا كَشَفْنٰا عَنْهُمْ عَذٰابَ الْخِزْيِ فِي الْحَيٰاةِ الدُّنْيٰا وَ مَتَّعْنٰاهُمْ إِلىٰ حِينٍ ».وَ قَالُوا:مَكَثَ يُونُسُ فِي بَطْنِ الْحُوتِ تِسْعَ سَاعَاتٍ.

(Quran 10:98, M. H. Shakir: And why was there not a town which believed so that their belief should have profited them but the people of Yunus? When they believed We removed from them the chastisement of disgrace in this world and We gave them provision till a time.)

99-/4979 - It is related that some of the Jews asked the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) about a prison that traveled the horizons of the earth with its inmate. He said: O Jew, as for the prison that traveled the horizons of the earth with its inmate, it was the fish in whose belly Yunus was confined. It entered the Sea of Qulzum, then came out to the Sea of Egypt, then entered the Sea of Tabaristan, then came out into the Tigris of al-Ghawr, then passed beneath the earth until it reached Qarun. Qarun had perished in the days of Musa (peace be upon him), and Allah had placed over him an angel who drives him into the earth every day the height of a man. Yunus was in the belly of the fish glorifying Allah and seeking His forgiveness. Qarun heard his voice and said to the angel in charge of him: Give me respite, for I hear the speech of a human being. Allah revealed to the angel to give him respite, so he did. Qarun said: Who are you? He (Yunus) said: I am the sinful wrongdoer Yunus son of Matta. He said: What became of Musa son of ‘Imran, mighty in anger for Allah? He said: Alas! He has perished. He said: What became of Harun son of ‘Imran, compassionate and merciful to his people? He said: He has perished. He said: What of Kulthum daughter of ‘Imran, who was named for me? He said: Alas! None of the family of ‘Imran remain. Qarun said: Alas for the family of ‘Imran! Allah thanked him for that and commanded the angel set over him to remove the punishment from him for the rest of this world, and it was removed. When Yunus saw that, he cried out in the darknesses: “There is no god but You; Glory be to You; surely I am of the wrongdoers.” Allah answered him and commanded the fish to cast him out, so it cast him upon the seashore — his skin and flesh having gone. Allah caused to grow over him a plant of gourd (which is the duba’, pumpkin), shading him from the sun, and he was soothed. Then Allah commanded the plant to withdraw from him, and the sun struck him so he was distressed. Allah revealed to him: O Yunus, why did you not have mercy on a hundred thousand or more, while you cannot bear the pain of an hour? He said: My Lord, Your pardon, Your pardon. So Allah restored his body to him, and he returned to his people and they believed in him — and it is His saying: “Why was there not a town which believed so that their belief should have profited them but the people of Yunus? When they believed We removed from them the chastisement of disgrace in this world and We gave them provision till a time.” They said: Yunus remained in the belly of the fish for nine hours.

99-/4980 _5- ثُمَّ قَالَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَبِثَ يُونُسُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي بَطْنِ الْحُوتِ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ،وَ نَادَى فِي الظُّلُمَاتِ الثَّلاَثِ-ظُلْمَةِ بَطْنِ الْحُوتِ،وَ ظُلْمَةِ اللَّيْلِ،وَ ظُلْمَةِ الْبَحْرِ-أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ سُبْحَانَكَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ.فَاسْتَجَابَ لَهُ رَبُّهُ،فَأَخْرَجَهُ الْحُوتُ إِلَى السَّاحِلِ،ثُمَّ قَذَفَهُ فَأَلْقَاهُ بِالسَّاحِلِ،وَ أَنْبَتَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ شَجَرَةً مِنْ يَقْطِينٍ-وَ هُوَ الْقَرْعُ-فَكَانَ يَمَصُّهُ وَ يَسْتَظِلُّ بِهِ وَ بِوَرَقِهِ،وَ كَانَ تَسَاقَطَ شَعْرُهُ وَ رَقَّ جِلْدُهُ. وَ كَانَ يُونُسُ يُسَبِّحُ وَ يَذْكُرُ اللَّهَ اللَّيْلَ وَ النَّهَارَ،فَلَمَّا أَنْ قَوِيَ وَ اشْتَدَّ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ دُودَةً،فَأَكَلَتْ أَسْفَلَ الْقَرْعِ فَذَبَلَتِ الْقَرْعَةُ ثُمَّ يَبِسَتْ،فَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى يُونُسَ،فَظَلَّ حَزِيناً،فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ:مَا لَكَ حَزِيناً،يَا يُونُسُ،قَالَ:يَا رَبِّ،هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةُ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تَنْفَعُنِي سَلَّطْتَ عَلَيْهَا دُودَةً فَيَبِسَتْ،فَقَالَ:يَا يُونُسُ،أَ حَزِنْتَ لِشَجَرَةٍ لَمْ تَزْرَعْهَا وَ لَمْ تَسْقِهَا وَ لَمْ تَعْيَ بِهَا أَنْ يَبِسَتْ حِينَ اسْتَغْنَيْتَ عَنْهَا وَ لَمْ تَجْزَعْ لِمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ أَوْ يَزِيدُونَ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَذَابُ؟!إِنَّ أَهْلَ نَيْنَوَى قَدْ آمَنُوا وَ اتَّقَوْا فَارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِمْ. فَانْطَلَقَ يُونُسُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ،فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنْ نَيْنَوَى اسْتَحْيَا أَنْ يَدْخُلَ،فَقَالَ لِرَاعٍ لَقِيَهُ:اِئْتِ أَهْلَ نَيْنَوَى فَقُلْ لَهُمْ:إِنَّ هَذَا يُونُسُ قَدْ جَاءَ.قَالَ الرَّاعِي أَ تَكْذِبُ،أَ مَا تَسْتَحْيِي،وَ يُونُسُ قَدْ غَرِقَ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَ ذَهَبَ.قَالَ لَهُ يُونُسُ:إِنْ نَطَقَتِ الشَّاةُ بِأَنِّي يُونُسُ،قَبِلْتَ مِنِّي؟فَقَالَ الرَّاعِي:بَلَى.قَالَ يُونُسُ:اَللَّهُمَّ أَنْطِقْ هَذِهِ الشَّاةَ حَتَّى تَشْهَدَ لَهُ بِأَنِّي يُونُسُ فَأُنْطِقَتِ الشَّاةُ لَهُ بِأَنَّهُ يُونُسُ. فَلَمَّا أَتَى الرَّاعِي قَوْمَهُ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمْ،أَخَذُوهُ وَ هَمُّوا بِضَرْبِهِ،فَقَالَ:إِنَّ لِي بَيِّنَةً لِمَا أَقُولُ.قَالُوا:مَنْ يَشْهَدُ؟قَالَ: هَذِهِ الشَّاةُ تَشْهَدُ.فَشَهِدَتْ بِأَنَّهُ صَادِقٌ وَ أَنَّ يُونُسَ قَدْ رَدَّهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ،فَخَرَجُوا يَطْلُبُونَهُ،فَوَجَدُوهُ فَجَاءُوا بِهِ،وَ آمَنُوا وَ حَسُنَ إِيمَانُهُمْ،فَمَتَّعَهُمُ اللَّهُ إِلَى حِينٍ وَ هُوَ الْمَوْتُ،وَ أَجَارَهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْعَذَابِ».

99-/4980 - Then he said: In the narration of Abu al-Jarud, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him): Yunus (peace be upon him) stayed in the belly of the fish for three days, and he called out in three darknesses — the darkness of the belly of the fish, the darkness of night, and the darkness of the sea — “There is no god but You; Glory be to You; surely I am of the wrongdoers.” His Lord answered him, and the fish brought him to the shore, then cast him and left him on the shore. Allah caused a plant of gourd — which is squash — to grow over him; he would suck it and take shade in it and in its leaves, as his hair had fallen out and his skin had become delicate. Yunus glorified and remembered Allah night and day. When he grew strong and firm, Allah sent a worm which ate from the base of the gourd, and the gourd withered and then dried up. This grieved Yunus and he remained sorrowful. Allah revealed to him: Why are you sorrowful, O Yunus? He said: My Lord, this tree which used to benefit me — You set a worm upon it and it withered. He said: O Yunus, did you grieve for a tree which you did not plant, did not water, and did not toil for, when it withered as soon as you no longer needed it — yet you did not grieve for a hundred thousand or more, upon whom you wished punishment to descend?! The people of Nineveh have believed and become Godwary; so return to them. Yunus went to his people. When he neared Nineveh, he felt shy to enter. He said to a shepherd he met: Go to the people of Nineveh and say to them: Yunus has come. The shepherd said: Do you lie? Are you not ashamed? Yunus drowned in the sea and is gone. Yunus said to him: If the sheep speaks, testifying that I am Yunus, will you accept from me? He said: Yes. Yunus said: O Allah, make this sheep speak so that it bears witness for him that I am Yunus. The sheep was made to speak, bearing witness that he was Yunus. When the shepherd came to his people and informed them, they seized him and wanted to beat him. He said: I have proof for what I say. They said: Who will testify? He said: This sheep will testify. So it testified that he was truthful and that Allah had returned Yunus to them. They went out seeking him, found him, brought him, believed, and their faith was good. Allah gave them enjoyment until a time — which is death — and protected them from that punishment.

99-/4981 _6- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ الْحَذَّاءِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «وَجَدْنَا فِي بَعْضِ كُتُبِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ يُونُسَ بْنَ مَتَّى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً،وَ كَانَ رَجُلاً تَعْتَرِيهِ الْحِدَّةُ وَ كَانَ قَلِيلَ الصَّبْرِ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ وَ الْمُدَارَاةِ لَهُمْ،عَاجِزاً عَمَّا حُمِّلَ مِنْ ثِقَلِ حَمْلِ أَوْقَارِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ أَعْلاَمِهَا،وَ أَنَّهُ تَفَسَّخَ تَحْتَهَا كَمَا يَتَفَسَّخُ الْجَذَعُ تَحْتَ حَمْلِهِ. وَ أَنَّهُ أَقَامَ فِيهِمْ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ بِاللَّهِ وَ التَّصْدِيقِ بِهِ وَ اتِّبَاعِهِ ثَلاَثاً وَ ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً،فَلَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِهِ وَ لَمْ يَتَّبِعْهُ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ إِلاَّ رَجُلاَنِ اسْمُ أَحَدِهِمَا رُوبِيلُ،وَ اسْمُ الْآخَرِ تَنُوخَا،وَ كَانَ رُوبِيلُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ الْعِلْمِ وَ النُّبُوَّةِ وَ الْحِكْمَةِ،وَ كَانَ قَدِيمَ الصُّحْبَةِ لِيُونُسَ بْنِ مَتَّى مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَبْعَثَهُ اللَّهُ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ.وَ كَانَ تَنُوخَا رَجُلاً مُسْتَضْعَفاً عَابِداً زَاهِداً،مُنْهَمِكاً فِي الْعِبَادَةِ،وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ عِلْمٌ وَ لاَ حُكْمٌ،وَ كَانَ رُوبِيلُ صَاحِبَ غَنَمٍ يَرْعَاهَا وَ يَتَقَوَّتُ مِنْهَا،وَ كَانَ تَنُوخَا رَجُلاً حَطَّاباً يَحْتَطِبُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ،وَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ كَسْبِهِ.وَ كَانَ لِرُوبِيلَ مَنْزِلَةً مِنْ يُونُسَ غَيْرَ مَنْزِلَةِ تَنُوخَا،لِعِلْمِ رُوبِيلَ وَ حِكْمَتِهِ وَ قَدِيمِ صُحْبَتِهِ.

99-/4981 - Al-‘Ayyashi: From Abu ‘Ubaydah al-Hadhdha’, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: I heard him say: We found in some of the books of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him): The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) told me that Jibril (peace be upon him) told him that Allah sent Yunus son of Matta (peace be upon him) to his people at the age of thirty. He was a man whom sharp temper would overcome; he had little patience with his people and little forbearance toward them, unable to bear what he had been charged with of the heavy loads of prophethood and its signs, and that he broke under them as a young camel breaks under its load. He remained among them calling them to faith in Allah, to believe in Him and follow him for thirty-three years. None of his people believed in him or followed him except two men: one named Rubil and the other Tanukha. Rubil was from a house of knowledge, prophethood, and wisdom; he had long companionship with Yunus son of Matta from before Allah sent him with prophethood. Tanukha was a weak man, a worshiper and ascetic immersed in worship, but he had neither knowledge nor judgment. Rubil was a shepherd who tended his sheep and lived from them; Tanukha was a woodcutter who carried firewood on his head and lived off his earnings. Rubil had a standing with Yunus other than that of Tanukha, due to Rubil’s knowledge, wisdom, and old companionship.

فَلَمَّا رَأَى يُونُسُ أَنَّ قَوْمَهُ لاَ يُجِيبُونَهُ وَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ ضَجِرَ،وَ عَرَفَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ قِلَّةَ الصَّبْرِ،فَشَكَا ذَلِكَ إِلَى رَبِّهِ ... إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: فَآمَنُوا فَمَتَّعْنٰاهُمْ إِلىٰ حِينٍ.

(Quran 37:148, M. H. Shakir: So they believed, and We gave them provision till a time.)

99-/4981 - When Yunus saw that his people would not answer him or believe, he grew weary and recognized his own lack of patience, so he complained of that to his Lord. Among what he complained of was: My Lord, You sent me to my people when I was thirty years old; I remained among them calling them to faith in You, to believe in my messages, and warning them of Your punishment and vengeance for thirty-three years, but they belied me, did not believe me, denied my prophethood, and treated my messages with disdain. They have threatened me, and I fear they will kill me. So send down Your punishment upon them, for they are a people who will not believe. He said: Allah revealed to Yunus: Among them are the pregnant woman, the fetus, the infant, the very old, the weak woman, and the weak and humbled — and I am the Just Judge; My mercy has outstripped My wrath. I do not punish the little ones for the sins of the elders among your people. They are — O Yunus — My servants, My creation, My creatures in My land and under My care. I love to be patient with them, gentle with them, and wait for their repentance. I only sent you to your people to be a safeguard over them, to show tenderness toward them out of the generosity of the bond of kin that touches them, to be patient with them with the compassion of prophethood, to endure with them with the forbearance of messengership, and to be for them like a skilled physician who knows how to treat disease — yet you were harsh with them, did not work their hearts with gentleness, and did not govern them with the governance of the messengers. Then you asked Me — from the poor quality of your consideration — for punishment against them due to your lack of patience. My servant Nuh was more patient with his people than you, kept better company, was more deliberate in patience in My presence, and more thorough in offering excuse; I became angry for him when he became angry for Me, and I answered him when he called upon Me. Yunus said: My Lord, I only became angry with them for Your sake, and I only prayed against them when they disobeyed You. By Your might, I will never show them compassionate tenderness, nor look upon them with the advice of a caring counselor after their disbelief, their belying me, and their denial of my prophethood. Send down Your punishment upon them, for they will never believe. Allah said: O Yunus, they are a hundred thousand or more of My creation. They populate My lands and beget My servants. My love is to be patient with them, because of what has preceded in My knowledge regarding them and regarding you; My decreeing and managing is other than your knowledge and your estimating. You are the envoy, and I am the Wise Lord. My knowledge regarding them — O Yunus — is hidden in the unseen with Me; none knows its end. Your knowledge regarding them is outward, with no inward. O Yunus, I have granted you what you asked regarding sending down punishment upon them — though that is not greater for your share with Me, nor more becoming for your station — and punishment will come upon them in Shawwal, on Wednesday, in the middle of the month, after the sun rises. Inform them of that. He said: This pleased Yunus and did not displease him, and he did not know its outcome. He went to Tanukha the worshiper and informed him of what Allah had revealed to him about punishment descending upon his people on that day, and said: Come, that I may inform them of what Allah revealed to me. Tanukha said: Leave them in their heedlessness and disobedience until Allah punishes them. Yunus said: Rather, let us meet Rubil and consult him, for he is a learned, wise man from the household of prophethood. They went to Rubil, and Yunus informed him of what Allah had revealed to him — that punishment would descend upon his people in Shawwal, on Wednesday, in the middle of the month, after sunrise. He said to him: What do you think? Come, so I can inform them. Rubil said: Return to your Lord as a wise prophet and a noble messenger would, and ask Him to turn the punishment away from them, for He has no need to punish them, and He loves gentleness with His servants. That will not harm you with Him, nor diminish your station with Him. Perhaps your people, after what you have heard and seen of their disbelief and denial, will one day believe; so be patient with them and deliberate. Tanukha said to Rubil: Woe to you! What have you advised Yunus and commanded him with after their disbelief in Allah, denial of His prophet, belying him, expelling him from their homes, and their intent to stone him! Rubil said to Tanukha: Be silent; you are a worshiping man without knowledge. Then he turned to Yunus and said: Tell me, O Yunus: when Allah sends punishment upon your people, will He destroy them all, or destroy some and spare others? Yunus said: Rather, Allah will destroy them all — and thus I asked Him; no tenderness of compassion has entered me for them to make me turn back to Allah about it and ask Him to turn it away from them. Rubil said: Do you not know, O Yunus — perhaps when punishment is sent upon them and they sense it, they will repent to Him and seek forgiveness; then He will have mercy on them, for He is the most merciful of the merciful, and He will lift the punishment from them — while you have already informed them from Allah that He will send punishment upon them on Wednesday? Then you will be deemed a liar to them. Tanukha said: Woe to you, O Rubil! You have said something grave. A sent prophet informs you that Allah has revealed to him that punishment will descend upon them — and you reject Allah’s word and doubt it and the word of His messenger? Go — your work is void. Rubil said to Tanukha: Your opinion has failed. Then he turned to Yunus and said: If the revelation and command from Allah regarding them is as it was revealed to you — that punishment is to descend — and His word is truth, tell me: if that occurs and your people all perish and their town is ruined, will not Allah erase your name from prophethood, invalidate your message, and you become like some weak person, while a hundred thousand or more are destroyed at your hands? Yunus refused to accept his counsel, and left with Tanukha for his people, informing them that Allah had revealed to him He would send punishment upon them on Wednesday in Shawwal, in the middle of the month, after sunrise. They rebuffed his word, belied him, and violently expelled him from their town. Yunus left with Tanukha, withdrew not far, and they stayed awaiting the punishment. Rubil remained with his people in their town until, when Shawwal entered, he cried out at the top of his voice from the head of the mountain to the people: I am Rubil — compassionate toward you, merciful to you. Shawwal has entered upon you, and your prophet Yunus, the messenger of your Lord, informed you that Allah revealed to him that punishment would descend upon you in Shawwal, in the middle of the month, on Wednesday after sunrise. Allah will not break His promise to His messengers. So consider what you will do. His words frightened them, and certainty of the punishment’s descent settled into their hearts. They hastened toward Rubil and said to him: What do you advise us, O Rubil? You are a learned, wise man; we have always known you for tenderness and mercy toward us, and we have heard what you advised Yunus regarding us. Command us with your command and advise us with your opinion. Rubil said: I see for you and advise you that when dawn breaks on Wednesday in the middle of the month, you should separate the children from their mothers at the foot of the mountain in the valley paths, and hold back the women and all the cattle, altogether, from their young at the slope of the mountain — all of this before sunrise. When you see a yellow wind approaching from the east, then clamor with a great clamor — old and young — with cries and weeping, humbling yourselves to Allah, repenting to Him, and seeking His forgiveness. Raise your heads to the sky and say: Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and we belied Your prophet; we repent to You of our sins; and if You do not forgive us and have mercy on us, we shall certainly be of the losers who are punished. So accept our repentance and have mercy on us, O most merciful of the merciful. Then do not tire of weeping, crying, humbling yourselves to Allah, and repenting to Him until the sun hides behind the veil, or Allah turns the punishment away from you before that. The people unanimously resolved to do what Rubil advised. When Wednesday came — the day they expected the punishment — Rubil withdrew from the town to where he could hear their cries and see the punishment when it descended. When dawn broke on Wednesday, the people of Yunus did what Rubil had commanded. When the sun rose, a yellow, dark, swift wind came, with shrieking, rustling, and roaring. When they saw it, they all clamored with cries, weeping, and humbling themselves to Allah; they repented and sought His forgiveness. The children cried out for their mothers; the young of the beasts clamored seeking the teat; the cattle clamored seeking pasture. They continued thus while Yunus and Tanukha heard their clamor and cries and were calling upon Allah to intensify the punishment upon them; while Rubil, in his place, heard their cries and clamors, saw what had descended, and was calling upon Allah to lift the punishment from them. When the sun passed the meridian, the gates of heaven were opened and the Lord’s wrath subsided; the All-Merciful had mercy on them, answered their supplication, accepted their repentance, and pardoned their stumbling. Allah revealed to Israfil (peace be upon him): Descend to the people of Yunus, for they have clamored to Me with weeping and humility; they have repented to Me and sought My forgiveness; I have had mercy on them and turned toward them. I am Allah, the Oft-Returning, the Merciful — I hasten to accept the repentance of My repentant servant from sins. My servant and messenger Yunus had asked Me to send punishment upon his people, and I sent it upon them; I am Allah, most worthy to fulfill My covenant. I sent it upon them, and Yunus did not stipulate, when he asked Me to send punishment upon them, that I destroy them. So descend to them and turn away from them what has come down upon them of My punishment. Israfil said: My Lord, Your punishment has reached their shoulders and is about to destroy them; I see it as having descended into their courtyard. To where shall I turn it? He said: By no means! I have commanded My angels to turn it away and not to bring it down upon them until My command and resolve come to them regarding it. So descend — O Israfil — to them; turn it away from them and strike it toward the mountains by the sources of the springs and the courses of the torrents, among the towering mountains that loom over other mountains. Humble them with it and soften them until they become as if welded, solid iron. Israfil descended upon them, spread his wings, and drove with them that punishment until he struck with it those mountains to which Allah had revealed that he turn it — Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: These are the mountains in the vicinity of Mosul today — and they became iron until the Day of Resurrection. When the people of Yunus saw that the punishment had been turned away from them, they descended from the mountain tops to their homes, rejoined their women, children, and property, and praised Allah for what He had turned away from them. Yunus and Tanukha awoke on Thursday in their place, not doubting that the punishment had descended upon them and destroyed them all, since their voices had become hidden from them. They went toward the town on Thursday at sunrise to see what had become of the people. When they neared and were met by woodcutters, donkey drivers, and shepherds with their flocks, and saw the people of the town at ease, Yunus said to Tanukha: O Tanukha, the revelation has lied to me, and I have broken my promise to my people. By the might of my Lord, they will never see my face again after the revelation has made me a liar in their eyes. Yunus set off fleeing in anger at his Lord’s behalf, toward the Sea of Eila, in disguise, fleeing lest anyone from his people see him and say to him: O liar. It is for that that Allah said: “And the Man of the Fish when he went, enraged, and he thought that We would not straiten him...” (Quran 21:87, M. H. Shakir: And Yunus, when he went away in wrath, so he thought that We had no power over him...) Tanukha returned to the town and met Rubil. Rubil said to him: O Tanukha, which opinion was more correct and more deserving to be followed — mine or yours? He said: Rather, your opinion was more correct; you indeed counseled with the opinion of the wise and learned. Tanukha said to him: Indeed, I had always thought myself better than you for my asceticism and abundance of worship, until your excellence became manifest due to the excellence of your knowledge. What your Lord has given you of wisdom along with Godwariness is better than asceticism and worship without knowledge. They then remained together among their people, while Yunus went on his way, angered for his Lord’s sake, and his story proceeded as Allah informed in His Book, up to His saying: “So they believed, and We gave them provision till a time.” (Quran 37:148, M. H. Shakir: So they believed, and We gave them provision till a time.) Abu ‘Ubaydah said: I said to Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him): How long was Yunus absent from his people until he returned to them with prophethood and messengership and they believed in him and affirmed him? He said: Four weeks — seven (days) of them in his going to the sea, seven of them in his returning to his people. I said to him: These “weeks” — are they months, or days, or hours? He said: O Abu ‘Ubaydah, the punishment came to them on Wednesday, mid-Shawwal, and was turned away from them that very day. Yunus went off in anger, and on Thursday he proceeded — seven days in his journey to the sea; seven days in the belly of the fish; seven days under the tree in the open; and seven days in his return to his people. His going and return were a journey of twenty-eight days. Then he came to them and they believed in him, affirmed him, and followed him. Therefore Allah said: “Why was there not a town which believed so that their belief should have profited them but the people of Yunus? When they believed We removed from them the chastisement of disgrace...” (Quran 10:98, M. H. Shakir: And why was there not a town which believed so that their belief should have profited them but the people of Yunus? When they believed We removed from them the chastisement of disgrace in this world and We gave them provision till a time.)

99-/4982 _7- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَمَّا أَضَلَّ قَوْمَ يُونُسَ الْعَذَابُ دَعَوُا اللَّهَ فَصَرَفَهُ عَنْهُمْ».قُلْتُ:كَيْفَ ذَلِكَ؟قَالَ:«كَانَ فِي الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهُ يَصْرِفُهُ عَنْهُمْ».

99-/4982 - From Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: When the punishment overshadowed the people of Yunus, they supplicated Allah, and He turned it away from them. I said: How was that? He said: It was in (the divine) knowledge that He would turn it away from them.

99-/4983 _8- عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ يُونُسَ لَمَّا آذَاهُ قَوْمُهُ دَعَا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِمْ،فَأَصْبَحُوا أَوَّلَ يَوْمٍ وَ وُجُوهُهُمْ صُفْرٌ،وَ أَصْبَحُوا الْيَوْمَ الثَّانِيَ وَ وُجُوهُهُمْ سُودٌ».قَالَ:«وَ كَانَ اللَّهُ وَاعَدَهُمْ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ،فَأَتَاهُمُ الْعَذَابُ حَتَّى نَالُوهُ بِرِمَاحِهِمْ،فَفَرَّقُوا بَيْنَ النِّسَاءِ وَ أَوْلاَدِهِنَّ وَ الْبَقَرِ وَ أَوْلاَدِهَا،وَ لَبِسُوا الْمُسُوحَ وَ الصُّوفَ،وَ وَضَعُوا الْحِبَالَ فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمْ،وَ الرَّمَادَ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ،وَ صَاحُوا صَيْحَةً وَاحِدَةً إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ،وَ قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِإِلَهِ يُونُسَ». قَالَ:«فَصَرَفَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمُ الْعَذَابَ إِلَى جِبَالِ آمِدَ-قَالَ-وَ أَصْبَحَ يُونُسُ وَ هُوَ يَظُنُّ أَنَّهُمْ هَلَكُوا،فَوَجَدَهُمْ فِي عَافِيَةٍ،فَغَضِبَ وَ خَرَجَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ: مُغٰاضِباً حَتَّى رَكِبَ سَفِينَةً فِيهَا رَجُلاَنِ،فَاضْطَرَبَتِ السَّفِينَةُ،فَقَالَ الْمَلاَّحُ:يَا قَوْمِ،فِي سَفِينَتِي مَطْلُوبٌ.فَقَالَ يُونُسُ:أَنَا هُوَ،وَ قَامَ لِيُلْقِيَ نَفْسَهُ،فَأَبْصَرَ السَّمَكَةَ وَ قَدْ فَتَحَتْ فَاهَا،فَهَابَهَا، وَ تَعَلَّقَ بِهِ الرَّجُلاَنِ،وَ قَالاَ لَهُ:أَنْتَ وَحْدَكَ وَ نَحْنُ رَجُلاَنِ نَتَسَاهَمُ.فَتَسَاهَمُوا فَوَقَعَتِ السِّهَامُ عَلَيْهِ،فَجَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ بِأَنَّ السِّهَامَ إِذَا كَانَتْ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَإِنَّهَا لاَ تُخْطِئُ،فَأَلْقَى نَفْسَهُ فَالْتَقَمَهُ الْحُوتُ،فَطَافَ بِهِ الْبِحَارَ السَّبْعَةَ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى الْبَحْرِ الْمَسْجُورِ،وَ بِهِ يُعَذَّبُ قَارُونُ،فَسَمِعَ قَارُونُ صَوْتاً،فَسَأَلَ الْمَلَكَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ،فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ يُونُسُ،وَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ حَبَسَهُ فِي بَطْنِ الْحُوتِ.فَقَالَ لَهُ قَارُونُ:أَ تَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ أُكَلِّمَهُ؟فَأَذِنَ لَهُ. فَقَالَ:يَا يُونُسُ،فَمَا فَعَلَ الشَّدِيدُ الْغَضَبِ لِلَّهِ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ؟فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ فَبَكَى. قَالَ:فَمَا فَعَلَ الرَّءُوفُ الْعَطُوفُ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ هَارُونُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ؟فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ،فَبَكَى وَ جَزِعَ جَزَعاً شَدِيداً، وَ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ أُخْتِهِ كُلْثُمَ ... فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى الْمَلَكِ الْمُوَكَّلِ بِهِ:أَنِ ارْفَعْ عَنْهُ الْعَذَابَ بَقِيَّةَ الدُّنْيَا لِرِقَّتِهِ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ».

99-/4983 - From al-Thumali, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: When his people hurt Yunus, he called upon Allah against them. They awoke the first day with their faces yellow; they awoke the second day with their faces black. Allah had promised them that punishment would come upon them; the punishment came such that they reached it with their spears. They separated women from their children and cattle from their calves; they put on sackcloth and wool, placed ropes around their necks and ashes upon their heads, and cried out with one cry to their Lord, saying: We have believed in the God of Yunus. Allah turned the punishment away from them to the mountains of Amid. Yunus awoke thinking they had perished, but found them safe, so he grew angry and left, as Allah said: “enraged,” until he boarded a ship in which were two men. The ship was agitated. The sailor said: O people, there is one sought (by fate) in my ship. Yunus said: I am he, and stood to cast himself overboard. He saw the fish with mouth open and shrank back. The two men held him and said: You alone — and we are two — we will cast lots. They cast lots, and the arrows fell upon him. It became a practice that when the lots are three times, they do not miss. He threw himself and the fish swallowed him; it circled with him through the seven seas until it came to the sea set ablaze, wherein Qarun is punished. Qarun heard a sound, asked the angel about it; he informed him it was Yunus and that Allah had confined him in the belly of the fish. Qarun said: Do you permit me to speak to him? He permitted him. Qarun asked: O Yunus, what became of Musa son of ‘Imran, mighty in anger for Allah? He informed him he had died, so he wept. He asked: What of Harun son of ‘Imran, compassionate to his people? He informed him he had died; he wept and grieved intensely, and he asked him about his sister Kulthum... So Allah revealed to the angel set over him: Lift from him the punishment for the rest of this world due to his tenderness for his people.

99-/4984 _9- عَنْ مُعَمَّرٍ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «إِنَّ يُونُسَ لَمَّا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ بِمَا أَمَرَهُ،فَأَعْلَمَ قَوْمَهُ فَأَظَلَّهُمُ الْعَذَابُ،فَفَرَّقُوا بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَ أَوْلاَدِهِمْ وَ بَيْنَ الْبَهَائِمِ وَ أَوْلاَدِهَا،ثُمَّ عَجُّوا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ ضَجُّوا،فَكَفَّ اللَّهُ الْعَذَابَ عَنْهُمْ،فَذَهَبَ يُونُسُ مُغَاضِباً فَالْتَقَمَهُ الْحُوتُ،فَطَافَ بِهِ سَبْعَةَ أَبْحُرٍ». فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:كَمْ بَقِيَ فِي بَطْنِ الْحُوتِ؟قَالَ:«ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ،ثُمَّ لَفَظَهُ الْحُوتُ وَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ جِلْدُهُ وَ شَعْرُهُ،فَأَنْبَتَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ شَجَرَةً مِنْ يَقْطِينٍ فَأَظَلَّتْهُ،فَلَمَّا قَوِيَ أَخَذَتْ فِي الْيُبْسِ،فَقَالَ:يَا رَبِّ،شَجَرَةٌ أَظَلَّتْنِي يَبِسَتْ،فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ:يَا يُونُسُ،تَجْزَعُ لَشَجَرَةٍ أَظَلَّتْكَ وَ لاَ تَجْزَعُ لِمِائَةِ أَلْفٍ أَوْ يَزِيدُونَ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ؟!»

99-/4984 - From Mu‘ammar, who said: Abu al-Hasan al-Rida (peace be upon him) said: When Allah commanded Yunus with what He commanded, and he informed his people, the punishment overshadowed them. They separated themselves from their children and the beasts from their young; then they clamored to Allah and wailed, so Allah withheld the punishment from them. Yunus left, enraged, and the fish swallowed him; it circled with him through seven seas. I said to him: How long did he remain in the belly of the fish? He said: Three days. Then the fish cast him out — his skin and hair having gone. Allah caused a plant of gourd to grow over him and it shaded him. When he grew strong, it began to dry up. He said: My Lord, a tree that shaded me has dried up! Allah revealed to him: O Yunus, do you grieve for a tree that shaded you, and do you not grieve for a hundred thousand or more from punishment?! And there will come — God willing — narrations about that in Surat al-Anbiya’ and Surat al-Saffat.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَوْ شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ لَآمَنَ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعاً أَ فَأَنْتَ تُكْرِهُ النّٰاسَ حَتّٰى يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ وَ مٰا كٰانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ إِلاّٰ بِإِذْنِ اللّٰهِ وَ يَجْعَلُ الرِّجْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ لاٰ يَعْقِلُونَ [99-100]

(Quran 10:99–100, M. H. Shakir: And if your Lord had pleased, surely all those who are in the earth would have believed, all of them; will you then force men till they become believers? And it is not for a soul to believe except by Allah’s permission; and He casts uncleanness on those who will not understand.)

/4985 _1-علي بن إبراهيم:ثم قال اللّه لنبيه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله): وَ لَوْ شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ لَآمَنَ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعاً أَ فَأَنْتَ تُكْرِهُ النّٰاسَ حَتّٰى يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ يعني لو شاء اللّه أن يجبر الناس كلهم على الإيمان لفعل.

99-/4985 - ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim: Then Allah said to His Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family): “And if your Lord had pleased, surely all those who are in the earth would have believed, all of them; will you then force men till they become believers?” meaning: If Allah had willed to compel all people to faith, He would have done so.

99-/4986 _2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا تَمِيمٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ عَبْدِ السَّلاَمِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ الْهَرَوِيِّ ،فِي مَسَائِلَ سَأَلَهَا الْمَأْمُونُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَكَانَ فِيمَا سَأَلَهُ أَنْ قَالَ لَهُ الْمَأْمُونُ:فَمَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: وَ لَوْ شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ لَآمَنَ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعاً أَ فَأَنْتَ تُكْرِهُ النّٰاسَ حَتّٰى يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ وَ مٰا كٰانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ إِلاّٰ بِإِذْنِ اللّٰهِ ؟. فَقَالَ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالُوا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):لَوْ أَكْرَهْتَ-يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ-مَنْ قَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَى الْإِسْلاَمِ لَكَثُرَ عَدَدُنَا وَ قَوِينَا عَلَى عَدُوِّنَا.فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):مَا كُنْتُ لِأَلْقَى اللَّهَ تَعَالَى بِبِدْعَةٍ لَمْ يُحْدِثْ لِي فِيهَا شَيْئاً،وَ مَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُتَكَلِّفِينَ. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ وَ لَوْ شٰاءَ رَبُّكَ لَآمَنَ مَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ كُلُّهُمْ جَمِيعاً عَلَى سَبِيلِ الْإِلْجَاءِ وَ الاِضْطِرَارِ فِي الدُّنْيَا،كَمَا يُؤْمِنُونَ عِنْدَ الْمُعَايَنَةِ وَ رُؤْيَةِ الْبَأْسِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ،وَ لَوْ فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ بِهِمْ لَمْ يَسْتَحِقُّوا مِنِّي ثَوَاباً».

99-/4986 - Ibn Babawayh said: Tamim narrated to us from ‘Abdullah ibn Tamim al-Qurashi, who said: My father narrated to us, from Ahmad ibn ‘Ali al-Ansari, from Abu al-Salt ‘Abd al-Salam ibn Salih al-Harawi, concerning questions which al-Ma’mun asked Abu al-Hasan ‘Ali ibn Musa al-Rida (peace be upon him). Among what he asked him was that al-Ma’mun said: What is the meaning of Allah’s saying: “And if your Lord had pleased, surely all those who are in the earth would have believed, all of them; will you then force men till they become believers? And it is not for a soul to believe except by Allah’s permission”? Al-Rida (peace be upon him) said: My father Musa ibn Ja‘far told me, from his father Ja‘far ibn Muhammad, from his father Muhammad ibn ‘Ali, from his father ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn, from his father al-Husayn ibn ‘Ali, from his father ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon them), who said: The Muslims said to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family): If you would compel — O Messenger of Allah — those you have power over among the people to Islam, our numbers would increase and we would be strengthened against our enemy. The Messenger of Allah said: I would not meet Allah the Exalted with an innovation for which He has not initiated anything for me; nor am I among those who affect (what is not their task). Then Allah, Blessed and Exalted, revealed to him: O Muhammad, “And if your Lord had pleased, surely all those who are in the earth would have believed, all of them,” by way of coercion and compulsion in this world, just as they will believe upon witnessing and seeing the punishment in the Hereafter. If I had done that to them, they would not have deserved any reward from Me.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:317.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:317.

_2) -الكافي 8:64/92.

- al-Kāfī 8:64/92.

_3) -علل الشرائع:1/77.

- ‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘ 1:77.

[1] كذا،و الظاهر أنّ المراد«أنّه لم يعذّب قوما-قطّ-أطاعوه،و ما كانت طاعتهم إيّاه وبالا عليهم إلاّ من بعد تحوّلهم عن طاعته»و اللّه العالم.

[1] Hākadhā, wa-l-ẓāhir anna al-murād: “annahu lam yu‘adhdhib qawman qaṭṭu aṭā‘ūhu, wa mā kānat ṭā‘atuhum iyyāhu wabālan ‘alayhim illā min ba‘di taḥawwulihim ‘an ṭā‘atihi.” Wa-llāhu al-‘ālim.

_3) -علل الشرائع:2/77.

- ‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘ 2:77.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:317.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:317.

[1] في المصدر:مليخا.

[1] Fī al-maṣdar: Milīkhā.

[1] تساهموا:تقارعوا.«الصحاح-سهم-5:1957».

[1] Tasāhamū: taqāra‘ū. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ — sahm — 5:1957.”

[2] الصافّات 37:141.

[2] al-Ṣāffāt 37:141.

[3] في المصدر:دجلة الغوراء،و في معجم البلدان:دجلة العوراء:اسم لدجلة البصرة،علم لها.

[3] Fī al-maṣdar: Dijlat al-Ghawrā’; wa fī Mu‘jam al-Buldān: Dijlat al-‘Awrā’: ism li-Dijlat al-Baṣra, ‘alam lahā.

[4] الدّبّاء:القرع.«المعجم الوسيط-دب-1:268».

[4] al-Dubbā’: al-qar‘. “al-Mu‘jam al-Wasīṭ — dab — 1:268.”

[5] في«ط»:فسكن.

[5] Fī “Ṭ”: fasakana.

_5) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:319.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:319.

[1] في«ط»:و لم تعبأ.

[1] Fī “Ṭ”: wa lam ta‘ba’.

[2] في المصدر:و لم تحزن لأهل نينوى أكثر من مائة ألف.

[2] Fī al-maṣdar: wa lam taḥzan li-ahli Naynawā akthar min mi’ati alf.

[3] في المصدر:و ذهب.قال له:اللّهمّ إنّ هذه الشاة تشهد لك أنّي يونس.فنطقت.

[3] Fī al-maṣdar: wa dhahaba. Qāla lahu: Allāhumma inna hādhihi al-shāta tash-hadu laka annī Yūnus. Fanuṭtiqat.

[4] الجذع:الشاب من الإبل،و الكلام كناية عن عدم التحمّل لما يعرض لها.

[4] al-Jidha‘: al-shābb min al-ibil; wa-l-kalām kināyah ‘an ‘adam al-taḥammul limā ya‘riḍu lahā.

[1] في المصدر:بالرقة.

[1] Fī al-maṣdar: bi-l-riqqa.

[1] السخال:جمع سخلة،ولد الغنم ذكرا كان أو أنثى.«الصحاح-سخل-5:18728».

[1] al-Sikhāl: jam‘ sakhla, waladu al-ghanam dhakran kāna aw unthā. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ — s-kh-l — 5:18728.”

[2] في«ط»:صيحتهم.

[2] Fī “Ṭ”: ṣayḥatahum.

[3] في المصدر:مليّنة.

[3] Fī al-maṣdar: mulayyina.

[1] الحمّارة:أصحاب الحمير في السفر.«الصحاح-حمر-2:637».

[1] al-Ḥammārah: aṣḥāb al-ḥamīr fī al-safar. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ — ḥ-m-r — 2:637.”

[2] قال المجلسي(رحمه اللّه):قوله(عليه السّلام):«بعد ما كذبني الوحي»أي باعتقاد القوم،البحار 17:399.

[2] Qāla al-Majlisī (raḥimahu Allāh): Qawluhu (‘alayhi al-salām): “ba‘da mā kadhdhabanī al-waḥy” — ayy bi‘tiqād al-qawm. al-Biḥār 17:399.

[3] قال المجلسي(رحمه اللّه):قوله:«مغاضبا لربّه»أي على قومه لربّه تعالى،أي كان غضبه للّه تعالى لا للهوى،أو خائفا عن تكذيب قومه لما تخلّف عنه من وعد ربّه،البحار 17:399.

[3] Qāla al-Majlisī (raḥimahu Allāh): Qawluhu: “mughāḍiban li-Rabbih” — ayy ‘alā qawmihi li-Rabbihi Ta‘ālā; ayy kāna ghaḍabuhu lillāhi Ta‘ālā lā li-l-hawā, aw khā’ifan min takdhīb qawmihi limā takhallafa ‘anhu min wa‘di Rabbih. al-Biḥār 17:399.

[4] الأنبياء 21:87.

[4] al-Anbiyā’ 21:87.

[5] الصافّات 37:148.

[5] al-Ṣāffāt 37:148.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:44/129.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:44/129.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:45/136.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:45/136.

_8) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:46/136.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:46/136.

_9) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:47/137.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:47/137.

[6] في المصدر:مسّماة.

[6] Fī al-maṣdar: musammāh.

[7] في المصدر:قرابته.

[7] Fī al-maṣdar: qarābatuh.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:319.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:319.

_2) -عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام)1:33/134.

- ‘Uyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā (alayhi al-salām) 1:33/134.

[1] تأتي في تفسير الآية(87)من سورة الأنبياء،و تفسير الآيات(139-177)من سورة الصافّات.

[1] Ta’tī fī tafsīr al-āyah (87) min Sūrat al-Anbiyā’, wa tafsīr al-āyāt (139–177) min Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt.