An-Nahl Ayah 38-39

النحل آيه 38-39

وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ لاٰ يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ بَلىٰ وَعْداً عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا وَ لٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النّٰاسِ لاٰ يَعْلَمُونَ لِيُبَيِّنَ لَهُمُ الَّذِي يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ وَ لِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ كٰانُوا كٰاذِبِينَ

[Qur’an 16:38-39] And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths: Allah will not raise up him who dies; yes! it is a promise binding on Him, but most people do not know. So that He might make manifest to them that about which they differ, and that those who disbelieve might know that they were liars. (M. H. Shakir)

فَإِنَّ اللّٰهَ لاٰ يَهْدِي أي لا يُثِيبُ، مَنْ يُضِلُّ أي من يعذب.

Indeed, Allah does not guide—that is, does not reward—the one He leads astray, that is, the one He punishes.

قوله تعالى:

وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ لاٰ يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ بَلىٰ وَعْداً عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا وَ لٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النّٰاسِ لاٰ يَعْلَمُونَ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ لِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ كٰانُوا كٰاذِبِينَ [38-39]

99-/6020 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ سَهْلٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):قَوْلُهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ لاٰ يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ بَلىٰ وَعْداً عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا وَ لٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النّٰاسِ لاٰ يَعْلَمُونَ ؟ قَالَ:فَقَالَ لِي:«يَا أَبَا بَصِيرٍ،مَا تَقُولُ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ؟»قَالَ:قُلْتُ:إِنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ وَ يَحْلِفُونَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَبْعَثُ الْمَوْتَى.قَالَ:فَقَالَ:«تَبّاً لِمَنْ قَالَ هَذَا [1]،هَلْ كَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ أَمْ بِاللاَّتِ وَ الْعُزَّى؟».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،فَأَوْجِدْنِيهِ؟قَالَ:فَقَالَ لِي:«يَا أَبَا بَصِيرٍ،لَوْ قَدْ قَامَ قَائِمُنَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ قَوْماً مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا،قَبَائِعُ [2] سُيُوفِهِمْ عَلَى عَوَاتِقِهِمْ،فَيَبْلُغُ ذَلِكَ قَوْماً مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا لَمْ يَمُوتُوا،فَيَقُولُونَ:بُعِثَ فُلاَنٌ وَ فُلاَنٌ وَ فُلاَنٌ مِنْ قُبُورِهِمْ،وَ هُمْ مَعَ الْقَائِمِ.فَيَبْلُغُ ذَلِكَ قَوْماً مِنْ عَدُوِّنَا،فَيَقُولُونَ:يَا مَعْشَرَ الشِّيعَةِ،مَا أَكْذَبَكُمْ!هَذِهِ دَوْلَتُكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَقُولُونَ فِيهَا الْكَذِبَ!لاَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا عَاشَ هَؤُلاَءِ وَ لاَ يَعِيشُونَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ-قَالَ-فَحَكَى اللَّهُ قَوْلَهُمْ فَقَالَ: وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ لاٰ يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ ».

99-/6020 _1- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: through his isnad from Sahl, from Muhammad, from his father, from Abu Basir, who said: I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): His saying, Blessed and Exalted: And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths: Allah will not raise up him who dies; yes! it is a promise binding on Him, but most people do not know? He said to me: “O Abu Basir, what do you say about this verse?” I said: The polytheists claim and swear to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) that Allah will not resurrect the dead. He said: “Perdition be upon whoever said this [1]. Did the polytheists swear by Allah, or by al-Lat and al-‘Uzza?”

He said: I said: May I be your ransom, then show it to me. He said to me: “O Abu Basir, when our Qa’im rises, Allah will send to him a group from our Shia, the pommels [2] of their swords on their shoulders. This will reach a group from our Shia who have not died, and they will say: So-and-so and so-and-so and so-and-so have been raised from their graves and they are with the Qa’im. This will reach a group from our enemies, and they will say: O company of Shia, how lying you are! This is your dominion, and you utter lies in it! No, by Allah, these did not live, nor will they live until the Day of Resurrection.” He said: So Allah related their saying and said: And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths: Allah will not raise up him who dies.

99-/6021 _2-علي بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ لاٰ يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ بَلىٰ وَعْداً عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا وَ لٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النّٰاسِ لاٰ يَعْلَمُونَ

قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ،رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: «مَا تَقُولُ النَّاسُ فِيهَا؟».قَالَ:يَقُولُونَ:نَزَلَتْ فِي الْكُفَّارِ.

فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ الْكُفَّارَ كَانُوا لاَ يَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ،وَ إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ فِي قَوْمٍ مِنْ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،قِيلَ لَهُمْ:تُرْجَعُونَ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ قَبْلَ الْقِيَامَةِ،فَحَلَفُوا أَنَّهُمْ لاَ يَرْجِعُونَ،فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ: لِيُبَيِّنَ لَهُمُ الَّذِي يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ وَ لِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ كٰانُوا كٰاذِبِينَ

99-/6021 _2- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, regarding His saying, And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths: Allah will not raise up him who dies; yes! it is a promise binding on Him, but most people do not know: He said: My father narrated to me, from some of his men, raising it to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). He said: “What do the people say about it?” He said: They say it was revealed about the disbelievers. He said: “The disbelievers did not swear by Allah. Rather, it was revealed about a group from the nation of Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family). It was said to them: You will return after death before the Resurrection. So they swore that they would not return. Allah refuted them and said: So that He might make manifest to them that about which they differ, and that those who disbelieve might know that they were liars.”

[1] في المصدر زيادة: سلهم.

[1] fi al-masdar ziyādah: salhum.

[2] قبائع:جمع قبيعة،و هي ما على طرف مقبض السيف من فضة أو ذهب.«الصحاح-قبع-3:1260».

[2] qabā’i‘: jam‘ qabī‘ah, wa hiya mā ‘alā taraf maqbiḍ as-sayf min fiḍḍah aw dhahab. “as-Ṣiḥāḥ – q-b-‘ – 3:1260”.

يَعْنِي فِي الرَّجْعَةِ،يَرُدُّهُمْ فَيَقْتُلُهُمْ وَ يَشْفِي صُدُورَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْهُمْ».

It means in the Raj‘ah: He will return them, then kill them, and thus heal the breasts of the believers from them.

99-/6022 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ لاٰ يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ .

قَالَ:«مَا يَقُولُونَ فِيهَا؟».قُلْتُ:يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ كَانُوا يَحْلِفُونَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):أَنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَبْعَثُ الْمَوْتَى.قَالَ:«تَبّاً لِمَنْ قَالَ هَذَا،وَيْلَهُمْ،هَلْ كَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ أَمْ بِاللاَّتِ وَ الْعُزَّى؟».

قُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،فَأَوْجِدْنِيهِ أَعْرِفْهُ.قَالَ:«لَوْ قَامَ قَائِمُنَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ قَوْماً مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا،قَبَائِعُ سُيُوفِهِمْ عَلَى عَوَاتِقِهِمْ،فَيَبْلُغُ ذَلِكَ قَوْماً مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا لَمْ يَمُوتُوا،فَيَقُولُونَ:بُعِثَ فُلاَنٌ وَ فُلاَنٌ مِنْ قُبُورِهِمْ مَعَ الْقَائِمِ.يَبْلُغُ ذَلِكَ قَوْماً مِنْ أَعْدَائِنَا،فَيَقُولُونَ:يَا مَعْشَرَ الشِّيعَةِ،مَا أَكْذَبَكُمْ!هَذِهِ دَوْلَتُكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ تَكْذِبُونَ فِيهَا!لاَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا عَاشُوا وَ لاَ يَعِيشُونَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ.فَحَكَى اللَّهُ قَوْلَهُمْ فَقَالَ: وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ ».

99-/6022 _3- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding His saying: And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths: Allah will not raise up him who dies. He said: “What do they say about it?” I said: They allege that the polytheists used to swear to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) that Allah will not resurrect the dead. He said: “Perdition be upon whoever said this; woe to them! Did the polytheists swear by Allah, or by al-Lat and al-‘Uzza?” I said: May I be your ransom, then show it to me so I may know it. He said: “If our Qa’im rises, Allah will send to him a group from our Shia, the pommels of their swords on their shoulders. This will reach a group from our Shia who have not died, and they will say: So-and-so and so-and-so have been raised from their graves with the Qa’im. This will reach a group from our enemies, and they will say: O company of Shia, how lying you are! This is your dominion, and you lie in it! No, by Allah, they have not lived nor will they live until the Day of Resurrection. So Allah related their saying and said: And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths.”

99-/6023 _4- عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ صَالِحِ بْنِ مِيثَمٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: وَ لَهُ أَسْلَمَ مَنْ فِي السَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ طَوْعاً وَ كَرْهاً [1].

قَالَ:«ذَلِكَ حِينَ يَقُولُ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):أَنَا أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ لاٰ يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ بَلىٰ وَعْداً عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا وَ لٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النّٰاسِ لاٰ يَعْلَمُونَ* لِيُبَيِّنَ لَهُمُ الَّذِي يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ وَ لِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ كٰانُوا كٰاذِبِينَ ».

99-/6023 _4- From Abu ‘Abdillah Salih ibn Maytham, who said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, the Exalted: And to Him submits whoever is in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly [1]. He said: “That will be when ‘Ali (peace be upon him) says: I am the one most entitled to this verse: And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths: Allah will not raise up him who dies; yes! it is a promise binding on Him, but most people do not know—so that He might make manifest to them that about which they differ, and that those who disbelieve might know that they were liars.”

[1] آل عمران 3:83.

[1] Āl ‘Imrān 3:83.

[Qur’an 3:83] Is it then other than Allah’s religion that they seek (to follow), and to Him submits whoever is in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly, and to Him shall they be returned. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/6024 _5- عَنْ سِيرِينَ،قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)إِذْ قَالَ:«مَا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ لاٰ يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ ؟»قَالَ:يَقُولُونَ:لاَ قِيَامَةَ وَ لاَ بَعْثَ وَ لاَ نُشُورَ.

فَقَالَ:«كَذَبُوا وَ اللَّهِ،إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ إِذَا قَامَ الْقَائِمُ،وَ كَرَّ مَعَهُ الْمُكِرُّونَ،فَقَالَ أَهْلُ خِلاَفِكُمْ:قَدْ ظَهَرَتْ دَوْلَتُكُمْ،يَا مَعْشَرَ الشِّيعَةِ،وَ هَذَا مِنْ كَذِبِكُمْ،تَقُولُونَ:رَجَعَ فُلاَنٌ وَ فُلاَنٌ وَ فُلاَنٌ.لاَ وَ اللَّهِ لاَ يَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ،أَ لاَ تَرَى أَنَّهُ قَالَ:

وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ كَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ أَشَدَّ تَعْظِيماً لِلاَّتِ وَ الْعُزَّى مِنْ أَنْ يُقْسِمُوا بِغَيْرِهَا،فَقَالَ اللَّهُ: بَلىٰ وَعْداً عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا ، لِيُبَيِّنَ لَهُمُ الَّذِي يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ وَ لِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ كٰانُوا كٰاذِبِينَ* إِنَّمٰا قَوْلُنٰا لِشَيْءٍ إِذٰا أَرَدْنٰاهُ أَنْ نَقُولَ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ [2]».

99-/6024 _5- From Sirin, who said: I was with Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) when he said: “What do the people say about this verse: And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths: Allah will not raise up him who dies?” He said: They say: There is no Resurrection, no raising, and no rising. He said: “By Allah, they have lied. Rather, that is when the Qa’im rises and those who return will return with him. Then those opposed to you will say: Your dominion has appeared, O company of Shia, and this is among your lies—you say: So-and-so and so-and-so and so-and-so have returned. No, by Allah, Allah will not raise up him who dies. Do you not see that He said: And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths? The polytheists used to revere al-Lat and al-‘Uzza more than to swear by other than them. So Allah said: Yes! it is a promise binding on Him—so that He might make manifest to them that about which they differ, and that those who disbelieve might know that they were liars—Our word for a thing when We intend it is only that We say to it, Be, and it is [2].”

99-/6025 _6- عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):[إِنْ خَرَجَ السُّفْيَانِيُّ مَا تَأْمُرُنِي؟قَالَ:«إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْكَ».قُلْتُ:] [1]أَعْلِمْنِي آيَةَ كِتَابِكَ؟قَالَ:«أَكْتُبُ إِلَيْكَ بِعَلاَمَةِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا»وَ قَرَأَ [2] آيَةً مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ.

قُلْتُ لِفُضَيْلٍ:وَ مَا تِلْكَ الْآيَةُ؟قَالَ:مَا حَدَّثْتُ بِهَا أَحَداً غَيْرَ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ.قَالَ زُرَارَةُ:أَنَا أُحَدِّثُكَ بِهَا:

وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ،قَالَ:فَسَكَتَ الْفُضَيْلُ،وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ لاَ،وَ لاَ نَعَمْ.

99-/6025 _6- From al-Fudayl, who said: I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): [If the Sufyani appears, what do you command me? He said: “When that happens, I will write to you.” I said:] [1] “Let me know the sign of Your Book.” He said: “I will write to you with such-and-such a sign,” and he recited [2] a verse from the Qur’an. I said to Fudayl: And what is that verse? He said: I have not narrated it to anyone other than Burayd al-‘Ijli. Zurara said: I will tell you: And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths … to the end of the verse. He said: So Fudayl kept silent and did not say “no” nor “yes.”

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:26/259.

_3) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:26/259.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:27/259.

_4) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:27/259.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:28/259.

_5) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:28/259.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:29/260.

_6) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:29/260.

[1] أثبتناه من الحديث الآتي عن محمّد بن جرير الطبريّ.

[1] athbatnāhu min al-ḥadīth al-āti ‘an Muḥammad ibn Jarīr aṭ-Ṭabarī.

[2] في«س»:و هو.

[2] fī “S”: wa huwa.

[2] النحل 16:39 و 40.

[2] an-Nahl 16:39 wa 40.

[Qur’an 16:39-40] So that He might make manifest to them that about which they differ, and that those who disbelieve might know that they were liars. Our word for a thing when We intend it is only that We say to it, Be, and it is. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/6026 _7- أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ فِي(مُسْنَدِ فَاطِمَةَ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ هِبَةِ اللَّهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُوسَى بْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ الْقُمِّيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ،عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ،قَالَ:

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِنْ خَرَجَ السُّفْيَانِيُّ مَا تَأْمُرُنِي؟قَالَ:«إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْكَ».قُلْتُ:أَعْلِمْنِي آيَةَ كِتَابِكَ [3]؟قَالَ:«أَكْتُبُ إِلَيْكَ بِعَلاَمَةِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا»وَ قَرَأَ آيَةً مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ.

قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ لِفُضَيْلٍ:مَا تِلْكَ الْآيَةُ؟قَالَ:مَا حَدَّثْتُ بِهَا أَحَداً غَيْرَ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ.قَالَ زُرَارَةُ:أَنَا أُحَدِّثُكَ بِهَا،هِيَ:

وَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللّٰهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمٰانِهِمْ لاٰ يَبْعَثُ اللّٰهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ بَلىٰ وَعْداً عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا قَالَ:فَسَكَتَ الْفُضَيْلُ وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ لاَ،وَ لاَ نَعَمْ.

99-/6026 _7- Abu Ja‘far Muhammad ibn Jarir at-Tabari in (Musnad Fatimah, peace be upon her) said: Abu al-Hasan ‘Ali ibn Hibatillah informed us, who said: Abu Ja‘far Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn Musa ibn Babawayh al-Qummi narrated to us, who said: My father narrated to us, from Sa‘d ibn ‘Abdillah, who said: Ya‘qub ibn Yazid narrated to us, who said: Muhammad ibn Abi ‘Umayr narrated to us, from ‘Umar ibn Udhaynah, from Fudayl ibn Yasar, who said: I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): If the Sufyani appears, what do you command me? He said: “When that happens, I will write to you.” I said: “Let me know the sign of Your Book [3].” He said: “I will write to you with such-and-such a sign,” and he recited a verse from the Qur’an. He said: So I said to Fudayl: What is that verse? He said: I have not narrated it to anyone other than Burayd al-‘Ijli. Zurara said: I will tell you: It is: And they swear by Allah with the most energetic of their oaths: Allah will not raise up him who dies; yes! it is a promise binding on Him. He said: So Fudayl kept silent and did not say “no” nor “yes.”

[3] في المصدر:قلت:فكيف أعلم أنّه كتابك.

[3] fī al-maṣdar: qultu: fa-kayfa a‘lam annahu kitābuka.

قوله تعالى:

إِنَّمٰا قَوْلُنٰا لِشَيْءٍ إِذٰا أَرَدْنٰاهُ أَنْ نَقُولَ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ لَأَجْرُ الْآخِرَةِ أَكْبَرُ لَوْ كٰانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ [40-41]

[Qur’an 16:40-41] Our word for a thing when We intend it is only that We say to it, Be, and it is. And (as for) those who migrate for Allah’s sake after they are oppressed, We will most certainly give them a good abode in the world; and certainly the reward of the hereafter is much greater, did they but know. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/6027 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى،قَالَ:

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِرَادَةِ،مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنَ الْخَلْقِ؟ قَالَ:فَقَالَ:«الْإِرَادَةُ مِنَ الْخَلْقِ الضَّمِيرُ،وَ مَا يَبْدُو لَهُمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْفِعْلِ؛وَ أَمَّا مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَإِرَادَتُهُ إِحْدَاثُهُ، لاَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ،لِأَنَّهُ لاَ يُرَوِّي وَ لاَ يَهُمُّ،وَ لاَ يَتَفَكَّرُ،وَ هَذِهِ الصِّفَاتُ مَنْفِيَّةٌ عَنْهُ،وَ هِيَ صِفَاتُ الْخَلْقِ،فَإِرَادَةُ اللَّهِ الْفِعْلُ،لاَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ،يَقُولُ لَهُ:كُنْ؛فَيَكُونُ،بِلاَ لَفْظٍ وَ لاَ نُطْقٍ بِلِسَانٍ،وَ لاَ هِمَّةٍ،وَ لاَ تَفَكُّرٍ،وَ لاَ كَيْفَ لِذَلِكَ،كَمَا أَنَّهُ لاَ كَيْفَ لَهُ».

99-/6027 _1- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from Ahmad ibn Idris, from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar, from Safwan ibn Yahya, who said: I said to Abu al-Hasan (peace be upon him): Inform me about will (irada)—from Allah and from the creatures. He said: “The will from the creatures is intention (in the heart), and what then appears from them as action. As for from Allah, Exalted, His will is His bringing-into-being, nothing else—because He does not deliberate, nor entertain a notion, nor think; these attributes are negated from Him, and they are the attributes of the creatures. Thus the will of Allah is the act itself, nothing else: He says to it, Be, so it is—without utterance, nor speech with a tongue, nor resolve, nor thought, and there is no how for that, just as there is no how for Him.”

/6028 _2-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:قوله تعالى: وَ الَّذِينَ هٰاجَرُوا فِي اللّٰهِ أي هاجروا و تركوا الكفّار في اللّه

/6028 _2- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: His saying, And those who migrate in Allah—meaning, they migrated and left the disbelievers, for Allah’s sake.