Al-Anbiya Ayah 7

الأنبياء آية 7

And We did not send before you any but men to whom We sent revelation, so ask the followers of the Reminder if you do not know. (Qur’an 21:7, M. H. Shakir)

شِمْرٍ،عَنْ جَابِرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:يَقُولُ: «مَا أَلْقَوْهُ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ مِنَ الْعَدَاوَةِ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ وَ الظُّلْمِ بَعْدَكَ، وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ أَسَرُّوا النَّجْوَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا هَلْ هٰذٰا إِلاّٰ بَشَرٌ مِثْلُكُمْ أَ فَتَأْتُونَ السِّحْرَ وَ أَنْتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ ».

He said: “It refers to what they harbored in their breasts of enmity toward your Household and the injustice after you, and it is the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And the unjust say: Is this aught but a mortal like yourselves? Will you then yield to magic while you see?’” (Qur’an 21:3, M. H. Shakir)

/7101 _1-علي بن إبراهيم:قوله تعالى: أَ فَتَأْتُونَ السِّحْرَ وَ أَنْتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ :أي تأتون محمّدا(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)و هو ساحر، ثم قال:قل لهم،يا محمد رَبِّي يَعْلَمُ الْقَوْلَ فِي السَّمٰاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ أي ما يقال في السماء و الأرض، ثم حكى اللّه قول قريش،فقال بَلْ قٰالُوا أَضْغٰاثُ أَحْلاٰمٍ بَلِ افْتَرٰاهُ أي هذا الذي يخبرنا به محمّد يراه في النوم،و قال بعضهم:بل افتراه.أي يكذب،و قال بعضهم: بَلْ هُوَ شٰاعِرٌ فَلْيَأْتِنٰا بِآيَةٍ كَمٰا أُرْسِلَ الْأَوَّلُونَ ،فردّ اللّه عليهم،فقال: مٰا آمَنَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنٰاهٰا أَ فَهُمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ قال:كيف يؤمنون و لم يؤمن من كان قبلهم بالآيات حتّى هلكوا!

/7101 _1- Ali ibn Ibrahim: His saying, “Will you then yield to magic while you see?” means: will you go to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) as if he were a magician? Then He said: Say to them, O Muhammad, “My Lord knows what is spoken in the heaven and the earth,” that is, whatever is said in the heaven and the earth. Then Allah related the statement of Quraysh: “Nay, they say: (It is) medleys of dreams; nay, he has forged it; nay, he is a poet; so let him bring to us a sign as the former (prophets) were sent.” So Allah refuted them: “There did not believe before them any town which We destroyed; will they then believe?” He said: How will they believe, when those before them did not believe in the signs until they perished! (Qur’an 21:4–6, M. H. Shakir excerpts)

/7102 _2-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:آل محمد(عليهم السلام)هم أهل الذكر.

/7102 _2- Ali ibn Ibrahim said: The Family of Muhammad (peace be upon them) are the People of the Reminder.

99-/7103 _3- ثُمَّ قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَسْئَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لاٰ تَعْلَمُونَ مَنِ الْمَعْنَوْنَ بِذَلِكَ؟فَقَالَ:«نَحْنُ وَ اللَّهِ».فَقُلْتُ:فَأَنْتُمُ الْمَسْؤُولُونَ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ».قُلْتُ:وَ نَحْنُ السَّائِلُونَ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ».قُلْتُ:فَعَلَيْنَا أَنْ نَسْأَلَكُمْ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ»قُلْتُ:وَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تُجِيبُونَا؟قَالَ:«لاَ،ذَاكَ إِلَيْنَا،إِنْ شِئْنَا فَعَلْنَا،وَ إِنْ شِئْنَا تَرَكْنَا-ثُمَّ قَالَ- هٰذٰا عَطٰاؤُنٰا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسٰابٍ [1]».

99-/7103 _3- Then he said: Muhammad ibn Ja‘far narrated to us, he said: ‘Abdullah ibn Muhammad narrated to us, from Abu Dawud Sulayman ibn Sufyan, from Tha‘labah, from Zurara, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “So ask the People of the Reminder if you do not know.” Who are meant by that? He said: “By Allah, it is we.” I said: So you are the ones to be asked? He said: “Yes.” I said: And we are the ones who ask? He said: “Yes.” I said: So is it incumbent upon us to ask you? He said: “Yes.” I said: And is it incumbent upon you to answer us? He said: “No. That is up to us: if we wish, we do so; and if we wish, we leave it”—then he recited: “This is Our free gift, therefore give freely or withhold, without reckoning.” (Qur’an 38:39, M. H. Shakir) [1]

99-/7104 _4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ الْحُصَيْنِ بْنِ مُخَارِقٍ،عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ،عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ،عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَسْئَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لاٰ تَعْلَمُونَ .قَالَ:«نَحْنُ أَهْلُ الذِّكْرِ».

99-/7104 _4- Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas said: Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Sa‘id narrated to us, from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan, from his father, from al-Husayn ibn Mukhariq, from Sa‘d ibn Tarif, from al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah, from the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “So ask the People of the Reminder if you do not know.” He said: “We are the People of the Reminder.”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:67.

_1) -Tafsir al-Qummi 2:67.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:68.

_2) -Tafsir al-Qummi 2:68.

_3) -تأويل الآيات 1:2/324،شواهد التنزيل 1:463/336«نحوه»،ينابيع المودة:119.

_3) -Ta’wil al-Ayat 1:2/324, Shawahid al-Tanzil 1:463/336 “nahwuhu”, Yanabi‘ al-Mawadda:119.

[1] سورة ص 38:39.

[1] Surat Sad 38:39.

99-/7105 _4- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الزُّرَارِيِّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الطَّيَالِسِيِّ،عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ الْقَلاَّءِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ:إِنَّ مَنْ عِنْدَنَا يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَسْئَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لاٰ تَعْلَمُونَ ،أَنَّهُمُ الْيَهُودُ وَ النَّصَارَى؟ قَالَ:«إِذَنْ يَدْعُونَكُمْ إِلَى دِينِهِمْ».ثُمَّ قَالَ:ثُمَّ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى صَدْرِهِ،وَ قَالَ:«نَحْنُ أَهْلُ الذِّكْرِ،وَ نَحْنُ الْمَسْؤُولُونَ».

99-/7105 _4- And from him: from Sulayman al-Zurari, from Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Tayalisi, from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin al-Qalla’, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: I said to him: Those among us claim that Allah’s saying, “So ask the People of the Reminder if you do not know,” means the Jews and the Christians. He said: “Then they would call you to their religion!” Then he gestured with his hand to his chest and said: “We are the People of the Reminder, and we are the ones who are to be asked.”

وَ لِلذِّكْرِ مَعْنَيَانِ:اَلنَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ وَ آلِهِ)فَقَدْ سُمِّيَ ذِكْراً،لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ذِكْراً* رَسُولاً [1].وَ الْقُرْآنُ،لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: إِنّٰا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ وَ إِنّٰا لَهُ لَحٰافِظُونَ [2]وَ هُمْ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ)أَهْلُ الْقُرْآنِ وَ أَهْلُ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ وَ آلِهِ).

The Reminder has two meanings: the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family), for He has named him “Reminder” in His saying: “a Reminder—a Messenger” (Qur’an 65:10–11, M. H. Shakir); and the Qur’an, for His saying: “Surely We have revealed the Reminder and We will most surely be its guardian” (Qur’an 15:9, M. H. Shakir). And they (peace be upon them) are the people of the Qur’an and the people of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family).

وَ قَدْ تَقَدَّمَتِ الرِّوَايَاتُ بِكَثْرَةٍ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فِي سُورَةِ النَّحْلِ [3]،فَلْيُؤْخَذْ مِنْ هُنَاكَ.

And many narrations on this verse have already been cited in Surah al-Nahl [3], so let them be taken from there.

قوله تعالى:

لَقَدْ أَنْزَلْنٰا إِلَيْكُمْ كِتٰاباً فِيهِ ذِكْرُكُمْ أَ فَلاٰ تَعْقِلُونَ [10]

Certainly We have revealed to you a Book in which is your good remembrance; will you not then understand? (Qur’an 21:10, M. H. Shakir)

99-/7106 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ دَاوُدَ النَّجَّارِ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: لَقَدْ أَنْزَلْنٰا إِلَيْكُمْ كِتٰاباً فِيهِ ذِكْرُكُمْ أَ فَلاٰ تَعْقِلُونَ ،قَالَ:«الطَّاعَةُ لِلْإِمَامِ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ وَ آلِهِ)».

99-/7106 _1- Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas said: Muhammad ibn Hammam narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il, from ‘Isa ibn Dawud al-Najjar, from Abu al-Hasan Musa ibn Ja‘far (peace be upon them both), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “Certainly We have revealed to you a Book in which is your good remembrance; will you not then understand?” He said: “It is obedience to the Imam after the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family).”

قال بعض العلماء:معنى ذلك أن الذي ذكركم و شرفكم و عزكم هو طاعة الإمام الحق بعد النبيّ(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله).

Some scholars said: Its meaning is that what gives you mention, honor, and dignity is obedience to the rightful Imam after the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).

قوله تعالى:

وَ كَمْ قَصَمْنٰا مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ كٰانَتْ ظٰالِمَةً وَ أَنْشَأْنٰا بَعْدَهٰا قَوْماً آخَرِينَ* فَلَمّٰا أَحَسُّوا بَأْسَنٰا إِذٰا هُمْ مِنْهٰا يَرْكُضُونَ*

And how many a town which was iniquitous did We demolish, and We raised up after it another people. So when they felt Our punishment, lo! they began to fly from it. (Qur’an 21:11–12, M. H. Shakir)

_4) -تأويل الآيات 1:3/324.

_4) -Ta’wil al-Ayat 1:3/324.

_1) -تأويل الآيات 1:5/325.

_1) -Ta’wil al-Ayat 1:5/325.

[1] الطلاق 65:10 و 11.

[1] al-Talaq 65:10 wa 11.

[2] الحجر 15:9.

[2] al-Hijr 15:9.

[3] تقدّمت في تفسير الآيات(43-44)من سورة النّحل.

[3] Taqaddamat fi tafsiri al-ayat (43–44) min Surah al-Nahl.