Al-Isra Ayah 77

الإسراء آيه 77

قالَ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «هٰذَا مِمَّا نَزَلَ بِإِيَّاكِ أَعْنِي وَ اسْمَعِي يَا جَارَةُ؛ خَاطَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِذٰلِكَ نَبِيَّهُ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) وَ أَرَادَ بِهِ أُمَّتَهُ، وَ كَذٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: لَئِنْ أَشْرَكْتَ لَيَحْبَطَنَّ عَمَلُكَ وَ لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْخٰاسِرِينَ [1] وَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلًا». قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ، يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ.

Translation: Imam al-Rida (peace be upon him) said: “This is among what was revealed as ‘I mean you, so listen O neighbor.’ God, Mighty and Majestic, addressed His Prophet (blessings be upon him and his family) by it but intended his community. Likewise His saying, Exalted is He: ‘If you associate (with Him), your work would surely come to naught, and you would surely be among the losers’ [1], and His saying, Exalted is He: ‘And had We not made you firm, you would certainly have inclined to them a little.’” He said: “You have spoken the truth, O son of the Messenger of God.”

لَئِنْ أَشْرَكْتَ لَيَحْبَطَنَّ عَمَلُكَ وَلَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ [1]

Reference: al-Zumar 39:65

Shakir: And certainly it has been revealed to you and to those before you: Surely if you associate (with Allah), your work would certainly come to naught and you would certainly be of the losers.

وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلًا

Reference: al-Isra’ 17:74

Shakir: And had We not made you firm you would certainly have inclined to them a little.

99-/6489 _5- العَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: «سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلًا. قَالَ: «لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْفَتْحِ أَخْرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) أَصْنَامًا مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ، وَ كَانَ مِنْهَا صَنَمٌ عَلَى الْمَرْوَةِ، فَطَلَبَتْ إِلَيْهِ قُرَيْشٌ أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُ، وَ كَانَ مُسْتَحِيًا فَهَمَّ بِتَرْكِهِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِكَسْرِهِ، فَنَزَلَتْ هٰذِهِ الْآيَةُ».

99-/6489 _5- (Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:132/306) Translation: Abu Ya‘qub narrates from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): “I asked him about God’s saying: ‘And had We not made you firm, you would certainly have inclined to them a little.’ He said: ‘On the Day of the Conquest, the Messenger of God (blessings be upon him and his family) removed idols from the Mosque, and among them was an idol on al-Marwah. Quraysh asked him to leave it, and he was modest and almost left it, then he ordered it to be broken, and this verse was revealed.’”

وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلًا • إِذًا لَأَذَقْنَاكَ ضِعْفَ الْحَيَاةِ وَضِعْفَ الْمَمَاتِ ثُمَّ لَا تَجِدُ لَكَ عَلَيْنَا نَصِيرًا

Reference: al-Isra’ 17:74–75

Shakir: And had We not made you firm you would certainly have inclined to them a little; In that case We would certainly have made you taste a double punishment in this life and a double punishment after death, then you would not have found for yourself any helper against Us.

99-/6490 _6- عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْبَجَلِيِّ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) اجْتَمَعَ عِنْدَهُ رُؤَسَاؤُهُمْ [2] فَتَكَلَّمُوا فِي عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، وَ كَانَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) أَنْ يُلَيِّنَ لَهُمْ [3] فِي بَعْضِ الْقَوْلِ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلًا* إِذًا لَأَذَقْنَاكَ ضِعْفَ الْحَيَاةِ وَ ضِعْفَ الْمَمَاتِ ثُمَّ لَا تَجِدُ لَكَ عَلَيْنَا نَصِيرًا ثُمَّ لَا تَجِدُ بَعْدَكَ مِثْلَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَلِيًّا.

99-/6490 _6- (Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:133/306) Translation: From ‘Abdullah b. ‘Uthman al-Bajali, from a man: The chiefs gathered with the Prophet (blessings be upon him and his family) [2] and spoke regarding ‘Ali (peace be upon him), and the Prophet (blessings be upon him and his family) was inclined to be gentle with them [3] in some of what he said. So God revealed: ‘You would certainly have inclined to them a little; then We would surely have made you taste a double punishment in this life and a double punishment after death; then you would not find for yourself any helper against Us.’ Then: ‘After you, you will not find a guardian like ‘Ali (peace be upon him).’”

قوله تعالى:

سُنَّةَ مَنْ قَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ مِنْ رُسُلِنَا وَلَا تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنَا تَحْوِيلًا [77]

Reference: al-Isra’ 17:77

Shakir: Such has been the course of those of Our messengers whom We sent before you, and you shall not find a change in Our course.

99-/6491 _1- العَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَضَى الِاخْتِلَافَ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ، وَ كَانَ أَمْرًا قَدْ قَضَاهُ فِي عِلْمِهِ كَمَا قَضَى عَلَى الْأُمَمِ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ، وَ هِيَ السُّنَنُ وَ الْأَمْثَالُ تَجْرِي عَلَى النَّاسِ، فَجَرَتْ عَلَيْنَا كَمَا جَرَتْ عَلَى الْأُمَمِ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا، وَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ، قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لِمُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): سُنَّةَ مَنْ قَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ مِنْ رُسُلِنَا وَلَا تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنَا تَحْوِيلًا [4]، وَ قَالَ: فَهَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا سُنَّتَ الْأَوَّلِينَ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ اللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا وَ لَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ اللَّهِ تَحْوِيلًا، وَ قَالَ: فَهَلْ يَنْتَظِرُونَ إِلَّا مِثْلَ أَيَّامِ الَّذِينَ خَلَوْا مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ قُلْ فَانْتَظِرُوا إِنِّي مَعَكُمْ مِنَ الْمُنْتَظِرِينَ [5] وَ قَالَ: لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِخَلْقِ اللَّهِ [6]. وَ قَدْ قَضَى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ هُوَ مَعَ قَوْمِهِ يُرِيهِمُ الْآيَاتِ وَ الْعِبَرَ [1]، ثُمَّ مَرُّوا عَلَى قَوْمٍ يَعْبُدُونَ أَصْنَامًا قَالُوا يَا مُوسَى اجْعَلْ لَنَا إِلَهًا كَمَا لَهُمْ آلِهَةٌ قَالَ إِنَّكُمْ قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ [2] وَ اسْتَخْلَفَ مُوسَى هَارُونَ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) فَنَصَبُوا عِجْلًا جَسَدًا لَهُ خُوَارٌ فَقَالُوا هٰذَا إِلٰهُكُمْ وَ إِلٰهُ مُوسَى [3] وَ تَرَكُوا هَارُونَ، فَقَالَ: يَا قَوْمِ إِنَّمَا فُتِنْتُمْ بِهِ وَ إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ الرَّحْمٰنُ فَاتَّبِعُونِي وَ أَطِيعُوا أَمْرِي* قَالُوا لَنْ نَبْرَحَ عَلَيْهِ عَاكِفِينَ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْنَا مُوسَى [4] فَضَرَبَ لَكُمْ أَمْثَالَهُمْ، وَ بَيَّنَ لَكُمْ كَيْفَ صَنَعَ بِهِمْ». وَ قَالَ: «إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) لَمْ يُقْبَضْ حَتَّى أَعْلَمَ النَّاسَ أَمْرَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فَقَالَ: مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ. وَ قَالَ: إِنَّهُ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي. وَ كَانَ صَاحِبَ رَايَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) فِي الْمَوَاطِنِ كُلِّهَا، وَ كَانَ مَعَهُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ يَدْخُلُهُ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ، وَ كَانَ أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ إِيمَانًا بِهِ، فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) كَانَ الَّذِي كَانَ، لِمَا قَدْ قُضِيَ مِنَ الِاخْتِلَافِ، وَ عَمَدَ عُمَرُ فَبَايَعَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَ لَمْ يُدْفَنْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) بَعْدُ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذٰلِكَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، وَ رَأَى النَّاسَ قَدْ بَايَعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ خَشِيَ أَنْ يَفْتَتِنَ النَّاسُ فَفَرَغَ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَ أَخَذَ بِجَمْعِهِ فِي مُصْحَفٍ، فَأَرْسَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ تَعَالَ فَبَايِعْ، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): لَا أَخْرُجُ حَتَّى أَجْمَعَ الْقُرْآنَ؛ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى، فَقَالَ: لَا أَخْرُجُ حَتَّى أَفْرُغَ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ الثَّالِثَةَ عُمَرُ رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ [5]: قُنْفُذٌ، فَقَامَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا) تَحُولُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فَضَرَبَهَا، فَانْطَلَقَ قُنْفُذٌ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فَخَشِيَ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) النَّاسَ، فَأَمَرَ بِحَطَبٍ فَجَعَلَ الْحَطَبَ حَوَالَيْ [6] بَيْتِهِ، ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ عُمَرُ بِنَارٍ، فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يُحْرِقَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) بَيْتَهُ وَ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ)، فَلَمَّا رَأَى عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ذٰلِكَ خَرَجَ فَبَايَعَ كَارِهًا غَيْرَ طَائِعٍ».

99-/6491 _1- (Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:134/306) Translation: Al-‘Ayyashi—from some of our companions, from one of the Two (peace be upon them)—said: “God has decreed disagreement among His creation, and it was a matter He decreed in His knowledge, just as He decreed it upon the communities before you; these are the courses and parables that run upon people. They have run upon us just as they ran upon the communities before us, and God’s word is true. God, Blessed and Exalted, said to Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family): ‘The way of those of Our messengers whom We sent before you, and you shall not find any change in Our way’ [4]. And He said: ‘Do they wait for anything but the way of those who went before? You shall not find any change in Allah’s way, and you shall not find any alteration in Allah’s way.’ And He said: ‘Do they wait for anything but the like of the days of those who passed away before them? Say: So wait; surely I too am with you among those who wait’ [5]. And He said: ‘There is no altering Allah’s creation’ [6]. And God decreed regarding Moses (peace be upon him), while he was with his people showing them signs and lessons [1], that they passed by a people who worshiped idols, so they said, ‘O Moses, make for us a god as they have gods.’ He said, ‘You are a people who act ignorantly’ [2]. Moses appointed Aaron (peace be upon them) as his successor; then they set up a calf— a body that lowed— and said, ‘This is your god and the god of Moses’ [3], and they abandoned Aaron. He said, ‘O my people, you are only being tested by it, and surely your Lord is the Beneficent, so follow me and obey my command.’ They said, ‘We will by no means cease to keep to its worship until Moses returns to us’ [4]. He has struck for you their likenesses and made clear to you how He dealt with them.” And he said: “The Prophet of God (blessings be upon him and his family) was not taken until he had made the people know the matter of ‘Ali (peace be upon him). He said: ‘For whomever I am his master, ‘Ali is his master.’ And he said: ‘He is to me as Aaron was to Moses, except that there is no prophet after me.’ He was the standard-bearer of the Messenger of God (blessings be upon him and his family) in every station, and he was with him in the mosque, entering it in every state, and he was the first of the people to believe in him. When the Prophet of God (blessings be upon him and his family) was taken, what occurred did occur, due to what had been decreed of disagreement. ‘Umar set about and pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr before the Messenger of God (blessings be upon him and his family) had been buried. When ‘Ali (peace be upon him) saw that, and saw that the people had pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, he feared the people would be put to trial, so he turned to the Book of God and began gathering it into a codex. Abu Bakr sent to him: ‘Come and pledge allegiance.’ ‘Ali (peace be upon him) said: ‘I will not go out until I gather the Qur’an.’ He sent to him a second time, and he said: ‘I will not go out until I finish.’ Then ‘Umar sent a third time a man called [5] Qunfudh. Fatimah, daughter of the Messenger of God (peace be upon them), stood to interpose between him and ‘Ali (peace be upon him), and he struck her. Qunfudh departed without ‘Ali (peace be upon him). Fearing that ‘Ali (peace be upon him) would gather the people, he ordered firewood, and the wood was placed around [6] his house. Then ‘Umar came with fire, intending to burn the house upon ‘Ali (peace be upon him), Fatimah, al-Hasan, and al-Husayn (peace be upon them). When ‘Ali (peace be upon him) saw that, he came out and pledged allegiance unwillingly, not of his own accord.”

99-/6492 _2- عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ: عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: سُنَّةَ مَنْ قَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ مِنْ رُسُلِنَا. قَالَ: «هِيَ سُنَّةُ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) وَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ، وَ هُوَ الْإِسْلَامُ».

99-/6492 _2- (Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:135/308) Translation: From Abu al-‘Abbas, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding God’s saying: ‘The way of those of Our messengers whom We sent before you.’ He said: “It is the way of Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family) and those messengers before him, and it is Islam.”

قوله تعالى:

أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَىٰ غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُودًا [78]

Reference: al-Isra’ 17:78

Shakir: Keep up prayer from the declining of the sun till the darkness of the night and the morning recitation; surely the morning recitation is witnessed.

Footnotes:

_5) - تفسير العيّاشي 2:132/306.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:132/306.

_6) - تفسير العيّاشي 2:133/306.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:133/306.

_1) - تفسير العيّاشي 2:134/306.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:134/306.

[1] الزمر 39:65.

- al-Zumar 39:65.

[2] في «ط» نسخة بدل: اجتمعا عنده و ابنتيهما.

- fi “T” nuskha badal: ijtama‘a ‘indahu wa ibnatayhima.

[3] في «س» و المصدر: لهما.

- fi “S” wa al-masdar: lahuma.

[4] فاطر 35:43.

- Fatir 35:43.

[5] يونس 10:102.

- Yunus 10:102.

[6] الروم 30:30.

- al-Rum 30:30.

[1] في «ط»: و المثل، و في المصدر: و النذر.

- fi “T”: wa al-mathal, wa fi al-masdar: wa al-nudhur.

[2] الأعراف 7:138.

- al-A‘raf 7:138.

[3] طه 20:88.

- Ta Ha 20:88.

[4] طه 20:90-91.

- Ta Ha 20:90–91.

[5] في المصدر: ابن عمّ له يقال.

- fi al-masdar: ibn ‘amm lahu yuqal.

[6] في المصدر: الحطب على باب.

- fi al-masdar: al-hatab ‘ala bab.