Al-Hajj Ayah 19-22

الحجّ آيه 22-19

هٰذٰانِ خَصْمٰانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيٰابٌ مِنْ نٰارٍ يُصَبُّ مِنْ فَوْقِ رُؤُسِهِمُ الْحَمِيمُ. يُصْهَرُ بِهِ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِمْ وَالْجُلُودُ. وَلَهُمْ مَقٰامِعُ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ. كُلَّمٰا أَرٰادُوا أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْهٰا مِنْ غَمٍّ أُعِيدُوا فِيهٰا وَ ذُوقُوا عَذٰابَ الْحَرِيقِ. [الحج 22:19-22]

M. H. Shakir: These are two adversaries who dispute about their Lord; then (as for) those who disbelieve, for them are cut out garments of fire; boiling water shall be poured over their heads. With it shall be melted what is in their bellies and (their) skins as well. And for them are whips of iron. Whenever they desire to go forth from it, from grief, they shall be turned back into it, and taste the chastisement of burning.

وَ الْقَمَرُ وَ النُّجُومُ وَ الْجِبٰالُ وَ الشَّجَرُ وَ الدَّوَابُّ الْآيَةَ. فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ لِلشَّمْسِ أَرْبَعَ سَجَدَاتٍ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ:فَأَوَّلُ سَجْدَةٍ إِذَا صَارَتْ فِي طَرَفِ الْأُفُقِ حِينَ يَخْرُجُ الْفَلَكُ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْبَيَاضَ الْمُضِيءَ فِي طُولِ السَّمَاءِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ»قُلْتُ:بَلَى،جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ.قَالَ:«ذَاكَ الْفَجْرُ الْكَاذِبُ،لِأَنَّ الشَّمْسَ تَخْرُجُ سَاجِدَةً وَ هِيَ فِي طَرَفِ الْأَرْضِ،فَإِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ مِنْ سُجُودِهَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ،وَ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلاَةِ. وَ أَمَّا السَّجْدَةُ الثَّانِيَةُ،فَإِنَّهَا إِذَا صَارَتْ فِي وَسَطِ الْقُبَّةِ وَ ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ،رَكَدَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ،فَإِذَا صَارَتْ بِحِذَاءِ الْعَرْشِ رَكَدَتْ وَ سَجَدَتْ،فَإِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ مِنْ سُجُودِهَا زَالَتْ عَنْ وَسَطِ الْقُبَّةِ فَيَدْخُلُ وَقْتُ صَلاَةِ الزَّوَالِ. وَ أَمَّا السَّجْدَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ:إِنَّهَا إِذْ غَابَتْ مِنَ الْأُفُقِ خَرَّتْ سَاجِدَةً،فَإِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ مِنْ سُجُودِهَا زَالَ اللَّيْلُ،كَمَا أَنَّهَا حِينَ زَالَتْ وَسَطَ الْقُبَّةِ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الزَّوَالِ،زَوَالِ النَّهَارِ». قلت:هذه صورة ما وقفت عليه من هذا الحديث،و اللّه سبحانه أعلم،و قد تقدم في حديث أبي ذر،عن رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله):«سجود الشمس مع الملائكة الموكلين بها و القمر»في قوله تعالى: هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ ضِيٰاءً وَ الْقَمَرَ نُوراً من سورة يونس.

Translation: The moon, and the stars, and the mountains, and the trees, and the animals—the verse. He said: “The sun has four prostrations every day and night. The first prostration is when it reaches the edge of the horizon as the celestial sphere emerges from the earth, when you see the bright whiteness across the length of the sky before the dawn rises.” I said, “Yes, may I be your ransom.” He said: “That is the false dawn, because the sun emerges in a state of prostration while it is at the edge of the earth. When it rises up from its prostration, the dawn appears and the time of the prayer enters. As for the second prostration: when it is in the middle of the dome [of the sky] and the day has advanced, the sun becomes still before noon; when it reaches the alignment with the Throne, it becomes still and prostrates. When it rises up from its prostration, it declines from the middle of the dome, and the time of the noon prayer enters. As for the third prostration: when it disappears from the horizon, it falls down in prostration; when it rises up from its prostration, the night departs—just as when it declined from the middle of the dome, the time of the zenith, the decline of the day, had entered.” I said: This is the form of what I have come across from this hadith, and God—glorified is He—knows best. And it has already preceded in the hadith of Abu Dharr from the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family): “The prostration of the sun along with the angels appointed over it, and the moon,” regarding His saying: He it is Who made the sun a shining brightness and the moon a light from Surat Yunus.

هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ ضِيٰاءً وَالْقَمَرَ نُوراً [يونس 10:5]

M. H. Shakir: He it is Who made the sun a shining brightness and the moon a light.

قوله تعالى:

هٰذٰانِ خَصْمٰانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيٰابٌ مِنْ نٰارٍ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ ذُوقُوا عَذٰابَ الْحَرِيقِ [19-22]

M. H. Shakir: These are two adversaries who dispute about their Lord; then (as for) those who disbelieve, for them are cut out garments of fire; boiling water shall be poured over their heads. With it shall be melted what is in their bellies and (their) skins as well. And for them are whips of iron. Whenever they desire to go forth from it, from grief, they shall be turned back into it, and taste the chastisement of burning.

99-/7246 1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: هٰذٰانِ خَصْمٰانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِوَلاَيَةِ عَلِيٍّ قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيٰابٌ مِنْ نٰارٍ.

Translation: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Barqi, from his father, from Muhammad b. al-Fudayl, from Abu Hamzah, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “These are two adversaries who dispute about their Lord: then those who disbelieve...” He said: “Those who disbelieved in the guardianship (wilaya) of ‘Ali—garments of fire shall be cut out for them.”

99-/7247 2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَمَّارُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْأُسْرُوشَنِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِصْمَةَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ بِمَكَّةَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ أَبِي شُجَاعٍ الْبَجَلِيُّ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَنَفِيِّ،عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ هَاشِمٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَابِرٍ،عَنْ صَدَقَةَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ):يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،حَدَّثَنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: هٰذٰانِ خَصْمٰانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ . قَالَ:«نَحْنُ وَ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ،اخْتَصَمْنَا فِي اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،قُلْنَا:صَدَقَ اللَّهُ؛وَ قَالُوا:كَذَبَ اللَّهُ؛فَنَحْنُ وَ إِيَّاهُمْ الْخَصْمَانِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ».

Translation: Ibn Babawayh said: Abu Muhammad ‘Ammar b. al-Husayn al-Usrushani narrated to us, who said: ‘Ali b. Muhammad b. ‘Ismah narrated to me, who said: Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Tabari in Mecca narrated to us, who said: Abu al-Hasan b. Abi Shuja‘ al-Bajali, from Ja‘far b. ‘Ubayd Allah b. Muhammad al-Hanafi, from Yahya b. Hashim, from Muhammad b. Jabir, from Sadaqah b. Sa‘id, from al-Nadr b. Malik—he said: I said to al-Husayn b. ‘Ali b. Abi Talib (peace be upon them): O Abu ‘Abd Allah, tell me about the saying of God, Mighty and Majestic: “These are two adversaries who dispute about their Lord.” He said: “We and the sons of Umayyah disputed concerning God, Mighty and Majestic. We said: ‘God has spoken the truth’; and they said: ‘God has lied.’ So we and they are the two adversaries on the Day of Resurrection.”

99-/7248 3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ:عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ حَجَّاجِ بْنِ الْمِنْهَالِ،بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «أَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ يَجْثُو لِلْخُصُومَةِ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الرَّحْمَنِ»،وَ قَالَ قَيْسٌ:وَ فِيهِمْ نَزَلَتْ: هٰذٰانِ خَصْمٰانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ وَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ تَبَارَزُوا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ،عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ حَمْزَةُ وَ عُبَيْدَةُ،وَ شَيْبَةُ وَ عُتْبَةُ وَ الْوَلِيدُ.

Translation: Muhammad b. al-‘Abbas, from Ibrahim b. ‘Abd Allah b. Muslim, from Hajjaj b. al-Minhāl, with his chain, from Qays b. Sa‘d b. ‘Ubādah, from ‘Ali b. Abi Talib (peace be upon him), that he said: “I am the first to kneel for disputation before the All-Merciful.” And Qays said: About them was revealed: “These are two adversaries who dispute about their Lord”—they are those who engaged in single combat on the Day of Badr: ‘Ali (peace be upon him), Hamzah, and ‘Ubaydah; and Shaybah, ‘Utbah, and al-Walid.

99-/7249 4- الشَّيْخُ فِي(أَمَالِيهِ):قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَفْصٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ،قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ هَامَانَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمٌ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عُرْوَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ التَّمِيمِيُّ،عَنْ أَبِي مِجْلَزٍ،عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «أَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ يَجْثُو بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِلْخُصُومَةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ».

Translation: The Shaykh in his Amali said: Muhammad b. Muhammad told us, who said: Abu Hafs ‘Umar b. Muhammad told us, who said: Abu Bakr Ahmad b. Isma‘il b. Haman narrated to us, who said: my father narrated to us, who said: Muslim narrated to us, who said: ‘Urwah b. Khalid narrated to us, who said: Sulayman al-Tamimi, from Abu Mijlaz, from Qays b. Sa‘d b. ‘Ubādah, said: I heard ‘Ali b. Abi Talib (peace be upon him) say: “I am the first to kneel before God, Mighty and Majestic, for disputation on the Day of Resurrection.”

99-/7250 5- (كَشْفِ الْغُمَّةِ):عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ وَ الْبُخَارِيِّ-فِي حَدِيثٍ- فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: هٰذٰانِ خَصْمٰانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ،وَ حَمْزَةَ،وَ عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الَّذِينَ بَارَزُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ:عُتْبَةُ وَ شَيْبَةُ ابْنَا رَبِيعَةَ، وَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ.

Translation: In Kashf al-Ghumma: from Muslim and al-Bukhari—in a hadith—regarding His saying, “These are two adversaries who dispute about their Lord”: it was revealed about ‘Ali, and Hamzah, and ‘Ubaydah b. al-Harith who confronted the polytheists on the Day of Badr: ‘Utbah and Shaybah the sons of Rabi‘ah, and al-Walid b. ‘Utbah.

99-/7251 6- عَلِيّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:فِي مَعْنَى الآيَةِ،قَالَ:نَحْنُ وَ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ،نَحْنُ قُلْنَا:صَدَقَ اللّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ؛وَ قَالَ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ: كَذَبَ اللّهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ؛ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يَعْنِي بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيٰابٌ مِنْ نَارٍ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: حَدِيدٍ قَالَ تَغْشَاهُ النَّارُ،فَتَسْتَرْخِي شَفَتُهُ السُّفْلَى حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ سُرَّتَهُ،وَ تَتَقَلَّصُ شَفَتُهُ الْعُلْيَا حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ وَسَطَ رَأْسِهِ وَ لَهُمْ مَقَامِعُ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ قَالَ:الأَعْمِدَةُ الَّتِي يُضْرَبُونَ بِهَا.

Translation: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, on the meaning of the verse, said: “It is we and the sons of Umayyah. We said: ‘God and His Messenger have spoken the truth’; and the sons of Umayyah said: ‘God and His Messenger have lied.’ As for ‘those who disbelieve,’ it means the sons of Umayyah—‘garments of fire shall be cut out for them’—up to His saying ‘of iron.’ He said: The fire overwhelms him, so that his lower lip droops until it reaches his navel, and his upper lip shrivels until it reaches the middle of his head. ‘And for them are maces of iron’—he said: the shafts with which they are struck.”

99-/7252 7- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،خَوِّفْنِي فَإِنَّ قَلْبِي قَدْ قَسَا. فَقَالَ:«يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ،اسْتَعِدَّ لِلْحَيَاةِ الطَّوِيلَةِ،فَإِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ هُوَ قَاطِبٌ،وَ قَدْ كَانَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ يَجِيءُ وَ هُوَ مُبْتَسِمٌ،فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ،جِئْتَنِي الْيَوْمَ قَاطِباً!فَقَالَ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،قَدْ وُضِعَتْ مَنَافِخُ النَّارِ،فَقَالَ:وَ مَا مَنَافِخُ النَّارِ،يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ؟فَقَالَ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَمَرَ بِالنَّارِ،فَنُفِخَ عَلَيْهَا أَلْفَ عَامٍ حَتَّى ابْيَضَّتْ،ثُمَّ نُفِخَ عَلَيْهَا أَلْفَ عَامٍ حَتَّى احْمَرَّتْ،ثُمَّ نُفِخَ عَلَيْهَا أَلْفَ عَامٍ حَتَّى اسْوَدَّتْ،فَهِيَ سَوْدَاءُ مُظْلِمَةٌ،لَوْ أَنَّ قَطْرَةً مِنَ الضَّرِيعِ قَطَرَتْ فِي شَرَابِ أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا لَمَاتَ أَهْلُهَا مِنْ نَتْنِهَا،وَ لَوْ أَنَّ حَلْقَةً وَاحِدَةً مِنَ السِّلْسِلَةِ الَّتِي طُولُهَا سَبْعُونَ ذِرَاعاً وُضِعَتْ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا لَذَابَتْ مِنْ حَرِّهَا،وَ لَوْ أَنَّ سِرْبَالاً مِنْ سَرَابِيلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عُلِّقَ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ لَمَاتَ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ مِنْ رِيحِهِ وَ وَهَجِهِ». قَالَ:«فَبَكَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ بَكَى جَبْرَئِيلُ،فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمَا مَلَكاً،فَقَالَ لَهُمَا:إِنَّ رَبَّكُمَا يُقْرِئُكُمَا السَّلاَمَ،وَ يَقُولُ:قَدْ أَمَّنْتُكُمَا أَنْ تُذْنِبَا ذَنْباً أُعَذِّبُكُمَا عَلَيْهِ». فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«فَمَا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)جَبْرَئِيلَ مُبْتَسِماً بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ»ثُمَّ قَالَ:«إِنَّ أَهْلَ النَّارِ يُعَظِّمُونَ النَّارَ،وَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْجَنَّةِ يُعَظِّمُونَ الْجَنَّةَ وَ النَّعِيمَ،وَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ جَهَنَّمَ إِذَا دَخَلُوهَا هَوَوْا فِيهَا مَسِيرَةَ سَبْعِينَ عَاماً، فَإِذَا بَلَغُوا أَعْلاَهَا قُمِعُوا بِمَقَامِعِ الْحَدِيدِ،وَ أُعِيدُوا فِي دَرَكِهَا،هَذِهِ حَالُهُمْ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: كُلَّمٰا أَرٰادُوا أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْهٰا مِنْ غَمٍّ أُعِيدُوا فِيهٰا وَ ذُوقُوا عَذٰابَ الْحَرِيقِ ثُمَّ تُبَدَّلُ جُلُودُهُمْ جُلُوداً غَيْرَ الْجُلُودِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ». فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«حَسْبُكَ،يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ؟»قُلْتُ:حَسْبِي،حَسْبِي.

Translation: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me, from Muhammad b. Abi ‘Umayr, from Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him). He said: I said to him: “O son of the Messenger of God, frighten me, for my heart has grown hard.” He said: “O Abu Muhammad, prepare for a long life, for Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) frowning, and he had previously come smiling. The Messenger of God said: ‘O Gabriel, today you have come to me frowning!’ He said: ‘O Muhammad, the bellows of the Fire have been set in place.’ He said: ‘And what are the bellows of the Fire, O Gabriel?’ He said: ‘O Muhammad, God, Mighty and Majestic, commanded the Fire, and it was fanned for a thousand years until it turned white, then it was fanned for a thousand years until it turned red, then it was fanned for a thousand years until it turned black; so it is black and dark. If a single drop of al-darī‘ were to drip into the drink of the people of the world, its people would die from its stench; and if a single link of the chain whose length is seventy cubits were placed upon the world, it would melt from its heat; and if a tunic from the tunics of the people of the Fire were hung between heaven and earth, the people of the earth would die from its stench and its scorching heat.’” He said: “The Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) wept, and Gabriel wept, so God sent an angel to them who said to them: ‘Your Lord conveys to you peace, and He says: I have granted you safety from committing a sin for which I would punish you.’” Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) said: “The Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) never saw Gabriel smiling after that.” Then he said: “The people of the Fire magnify the Fire, and the people of the Garden magnify the Garden and bliss. When the people of Hell enter it, they fall in it a distance of seventy years’ travel; and when they reach its uppermost part, they are struck down with maces of iron and returned to its depth. This is their state, and it is the saying of God, Mighty and Majestic: ‘Whenever they desire to go forth from it, from grief, they shall be turned back into it, and taste the chastisement of burning’ [al-Hajj 22:22]. Then their skins will be exchanged for skins other than the skins that had been upon them [al-Nisa’ 4:56].” He said: “Enough for you, O Abu Muhammad?” I said: “Enough, enough.”

99-/7253 8- الشَّيْخُ الْمُفِيدُ فِي(أَمَالِيهِ)قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «مَرَّ سَلْمَانُ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)عَلَى الْحَدَّادِينَ بِالْكُوفَةِ فَرَأَى شَابّاً قَدْ صَعِقَ،وَ النَّاسُ قَدِ اجْتَمَعُوا حَوْلَهُ،فَقَالُوا:يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،هَذَا الشَّابُّ قَدْ صُرِعَ،فَإِنْ قَرَأْتَ فِي آذَانِهِ-قَالَ-فَدَنَا مِنْهُ سَلْمَانُ،فَلَمَّا رَآهُ الشَّابُّ أَفَاقَ،وَ قَالَ:يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،لَيْسَ بِي مَا يَقُولُ هَؤُلاَءِ الْقَوْمُ،وَ لَكِنِّي مَرَرْتُ بِهَؤُلاَءِ الْحَدَّادِينَ،وَ هُمْ يَضْرِبُونَ بِالْمِرْزَبَاتِ،فَذَكَرْتُ قَوْلَهُ تَعَالَى: وَ لَهُمْ مَقٰامِعُ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ فَذَهَبَ عَقْلِي خَوْفاً مِنْ عِقَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى،فَاتَّخَذَهُ سَلْمَانُ أَخاً،وَ دَخَلَ قَلْبَهُ حَلاَوَةُ مَحَبَّتِهِ فِي اللَّهِ تَعَالَى،فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مَعَهُ حَتَّى مَرِضَ الشَّابُّ،فَجَاءَهُ سَلْمَانُ فَجَلَسَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَ هُوَ يَجُودُ بِنَفْسِهِ،فَقَالَ:يَا مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ،ارْفُقْ بِأَخِي؛فَقَالَ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ:يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،إِنِّي بِكُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ رَفِيقٌ».

Translation: Al-Shaykh al-Mufid in his Amali said: Abu al-Qasim Ja‘far b. Muhammad (may God have mercy on him) informed me, from Muhammad b. ‘Abd Allah b. Ja‘far al-Himyari, from his father, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. ‘Isa, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from ‘Umar b. Udhaynah, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: “Salman (may God be pleased with him) passed by the blacksmiths in Kufa and saw a youth who had fallen senseless, and people had gathered around him. They said: ‘O Abu ‘Abd Allah, this youth has been stricken; if you would recite in his ears...’ He said: Salman approached him. When the youth saw him, he revived and said: ‘O Abu ‘Abd Allah, I do not have what these people say; rather, I passed by these blacksmiths, and they were striking with sledgehammers, and I remembered His saying: “And for them are maces of iron” [al-Hajj 22:21], so my senses left me out of fear of the punishment of God, Most High.’ Salman took him as a brother, and the sweetness of love for him in God, Most High, entered his heart, and he did not cease to be with him until the youth fell ill. Salman came to him and sat at his head while he was breathing his last and said: ‘O Angel of Death, be gentle with my brother.’ The Angel of Death said: ‘O Abu ‘Abd Allah, I am gentle with every believer.’”

99-/7254 9- ابْنُ طَاوُسٍ فِي(الدُّرُوعِ الْوَاقِيَةِ):قَالَ:ذَكَرَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ أَحْمَدُ الْقُمِّيُّ فِي كِتَابِ(زُهْدِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): أَنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)جَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)عِنْدَ الزَّوَالِ،فِي سَاعَةٍ لَمْ يَأْتِهِ فِيهَا،وَ هُوَ مُتَغَيِّرُ اللَّوْنِ،وَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يَسْمَعُ حِسَّهُ وَ جِرْسَهُ،فَلَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ،فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ،مَا لَكَ جِئْتَنِي فِي سَاعَةٍ لَمْ تَجِئْنِي فِيهَا،وَ أَرَى لَوْنَكَ مُتَغَيِّراً،وَ كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ حِسَّكَ وَ جِرْسَكَ فَلَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ!». فَقَالَ:إِنِّي جِئْتُ حِينَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِمَنَافِخِ النَّارِ،فَوُضِعَتْ عَلَى النَّارِ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ النَّارِ-يَا أَخِي جَبْرَئِيلُ-حِينَ خَلَقَهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى؟». فَقَالَ:إِنَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ أَوْقَدَ عَلَيْهَا أَلْفَ عَامٍ فَاحْمَرَّتْ،ثُمَّ أَوْقَدَ عَلَيْهَا أَلْفَ عَامٍ فَابْيَضَّتْ،ثُمَّ أَوْقَدَ عَلَيْهَا أَلْفَ عَامٍ فَاسْوَدَّتْ،فَهِيَ سَوْدَاءُ مُظْلِمَةٌ،لاَ يُضِيءُ جَمْرُهَا،وَ لاَ يَنْطَفِئُ لَهَبُهَا،وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً،لَوْ أَنَّ مِثْلَ خَرْقِ إِبْرَةٍ خَرَجَ مِنْهَا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ لاَحْتَرَقُوا عَنْ آخِرِهِمْ،وَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً أُدْخِلَ جَهَنَّمَ ثُمَّ أُخْرِجَ مِنْهَا،لَهَلَكَ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعاً حِينَ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ لِمَا يَرَوْنَ بِهِ،وَ لَوْ أَنَّ ذِرَاعاً مِنَ السِّلْسِلَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وُضِعَ عَلَى جَمِيعِ جِبَالِ الدُّنْيَا لَذَابَتْ عَنْ آخِرِهَا،وَ لَوْ أَنَّ بَعْضَ خُزَّانِ جَهَنَّمَ التِّسْعَةَ عَشَرَ نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ لَمَاتُوا حِينَ نَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ،وَ لَوْ أَنَّ ثَوْباً مِنْ ثِيَابِ أَهْلِ جَهَنَّمَ أُخْرِجَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ لَمَاتَ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ مِنْ نَتْنِ رِيحِهِ.فَانْكَبَّ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ أَطْرَقَ يَبْكِي،وَ كَذَلِكَ جَبْرَئِيلُ،فَلَمْ يَزَالاَ يَبْكِيَانِ حَتَّى نَادَاهُمَا مَلَكٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ:يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ،وَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ آمَنَكُمَا مِنْ أَنْ تَعْصِيَا فَيُعَذِّبَكُمَا.

Translation: Ibn Tawus in al-Duru‘ al-Waqiya said: Abu Ja‘far Ahmad al-Qummi mentioned in the book Zuhd al-Nabi (may God bless him and his family): that Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to the Prophet (may God bless him and his family) at midday, at an hour in which he had not come to him, and he was changed in color; and the Prophet used to hear his movement and his ringing sound, but that day he did not hear it. The Prophet said to him: “O Gabriel, what is with you that you have come to me at an hour in which you do not come to me, and I see your color changed, and I used to hear your movement and your ringing but I did not hear it?” He said: “I came at the time when God commanded the bellows of the Fire, and they were set upon the Fire.” The Prophet said: “Then inform me about the Fire, O my brother Gabriel—when God, Most High, created it?” He said: “He, exalted is He, heated it for a thousand years until it reddened, then for a thousand years until it whitened, then for a thousand years until it blackened; so it is black and dark—its embers do not give light and its flame does not go out. By Him Who sent you with the truth as a prophet, if even the size of a needle’s eye were to emerge from it upon the people of the earth, they would all be burned to the last of them; and if a man were admitted into Hell, and then brought out of it, the people of the earth would all perish when they looked at him because of what they would see upon him; and if a cubit of the chain which God mentioned in His Book were placed upon all the mountains of the world, they would all melt; and if one of the nineteen keepers of Hell were to be seen by the people of the earth, they would die at the moment they looked at him; and if a garment from the garments of the people of Hell were brought out to the earth, the people of the earth would die from the stench of its odor.” The Prophet (may God bless him and his family) bent forward and lowered his head, weeping, and likewise Gabriel, and they continued weeping until an angel called to them from the heaven: “O Gabriel, and O Muhammad, surely God has granted you safety from disobedience whereby He would punish you.”

99-/7255 10- ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْنُ طَاوُسٍ فِي الْكِتَابِ الْمَذْكُورِ أَيْضاً:عَنِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «وَ الَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ،لَوْ أَنَّ قَطْرَةً مِنَ الزَّقُّومِ قَطَرَتْ عَلَى جِبَالِ الْأَرْضِ لَسَاخَتْ إِلَى أَسْفَلِ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ،وَ لَمَا أَطَاقَتْهُ،فَكَيْفَ بِمَنْ هُوَ طَعَامُهُ!وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ،لَوْ أَنَّ قَطْرَةً مِنَ الْغِسْلِينِ قَطَرَتْ عَلَى جِبَالِ الْأَرْضِ لَسَاخَتْ إِلَى أَسْفَلِ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ،وَ لَمَا أَطَاقَتْهُ،فَكَيْفَ بِمَنْ هُوَ شَرَابُهُ!وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْ أَنَّ مِقْمَاعاً وَاحِداً مِمَّا ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ وُضِعَ عَلَى جِبَالِ الْأَرْضِ لَسَاخَتْ إِلَى أَسْفَلِ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ،وَ لَمَا أَطَاقَتْهُ،فَكَيْفَ بِمَنْ يُقْمَعُ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي النَّارِ».

Translation: Then Ibn Tawus said in the aforementioned book also: from the Prophet (may God bless him and his family), that he said: “By Him in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad, if a single drop of zaqqūm were to drip upon the mountains of the earth, they would sink down to the bottom of the seven earths, and they would not be able to bear it—so how about the one for whom it is his food! And by Him in Whose hand is my soul, if a single drop of ghislīn were to drip upon the mountains of the earth, they would sink down to the bottom of the seven earths, and they would not be able to bear it—so how about the one for whom it is his drink! And by Him in Whose hand is my soul, if a single mace from what God mentioned in His Book were placed upon the mountains of the earth, they would sink down to the bottom of the seven earths, and they would not be able to bear it—so how about the one who is struck with it on the Day of Resurrection in the Fire!”

مَوَاضِعُ الإِحَالَاتِ وَالْحَوَاشِي

_1) -الكافي 1:51/349. al-Kāfī 1:51/349.

_2) -الخصال:35/42. al-Khiṣāl 35/42.

[1] تقدّم في الحديث(1)من تفسير الآية(5)من سورة يونس. Taqaddama fī al-ḥadīth (1) min tafsīr al-āyah (5) min Sūrat Yūnus.

[2] منسوب إلى أسروشنة:بلدة وراء سمرقند دون سيحون كما في أنساب السمعاني 1:141،معجم البلدان 1:177،و في معجم رجال الحديث 12:251 الأشروسي. Mansūb ilā Asrūshinah: balda warā’a Samarqand dūna Sayḥūn kamā fī Ansāb al-Sam‘ānī 1:141, Mu‘jam al-Buldān 1:177, wa fī Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 12:251 al-Ashrusī.

_3) -تأويل الآيات 1:3/334. Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:3/334.

_4) -الأمالي 1:83،صحيح البخاريّ 6:181،تفسير الرازيّ 23:21،مستدرك الحاكم 2:386،النور المشتعل:144،جامع الأصول 2:322،تفسير القرطبيّ 12:25،تلخيص المستدرك 2:386. al-Amālī 1:83; Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 6:181; Tafsīr al-Rāzī 23:21; Mustadrak al-Ḥākim 2:386; al-Nūr al-Mushta‘il 144; Jāmi‘ al-Uṣūl 2:322; Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī 12:25; Talkhīṣ al-Mustadrak 2:386.

_5) -كشف الغمّة 1:313،صحيح مسلم 4:3033/2323،صحيح البخاريّ 6:264/181. Kashf al-Ghumma 1:313; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 4:3033/2323; Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 6:264/181.

_6) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:80. Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:80.

_7) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:81. Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:81.

[1] في«ج»:يعذبكما. Fī “J”: yu‘adh-dhibukumā.

[2] في«ج،ي،ط»:ذلك. Fī “J, Y, Ṭ”: dhālik.

[3] في المصدر:عمر بن يزيد. Fī al-maṣdar: ‘Umar b. Yazīd.

[4] في«ط»و المصدر:اذنه. Fī “Ṭ” wa al-maṣdar: udhunu-h.

[5] المرزبات،جمع مرزبة:المطرقة الكبيرة التي تكون للحدّاد.«النهاية 2:219». al-Marzabāt, jam‘ Marzabah: al-miṭraqa al-kabīra allatī takūnu lil-ḥaddād. “al-Nihāya 2:219”.

آيَاتٌ ذُكِرَتْ فِي النُّصُوصِ وَتَرْجَمَتُهَا

كُلَّمٰا أَرٰادُوا أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْهٰا مِنْ غَمٍّ أُعِيدُوا فِيهٰا وَ ذُوقُوا عَذٰابَ الْحَرِيقِ [الحج 22:22]

M. H. Shakir: Whenever they desire to go forth from it, from grief, they shall be turned back into it, and taste the chastisement of burning.

ثُمَّ تُبَدَّلُ جُلُودُهُمْ جُلُوداً غَيْرَ الْجُلُودِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ [النساء 4:56]

M. H. Shakir: Whenever their skins are thoroughly burned, We will change them for other skins, that they may taste the chastisement.