S 3 A 162-167

قَطِيفَةً حَمْرَاءَ،حَتَّى أَظْهَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى الْقَطِيفَةِ،وَ بَرَّأَ نَبِيَّهُ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مِنَ الْخِيَانَةِ،وَ أَنْزَلَ فِي كِتَابِهِ: وَ مٰا كٰانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَغُلَّ وَ مَنْ يَغْلُلْ يَأْتِ بِمٰا غَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ ؟!».

Qur’an 3:161 (M. H. Shakir): And it is not attributable to a prophet that he should act unfaithfully; and he who acts unfaithfully shall bring that in respect of which he has acted unfaithfully on the day of resurrection; then shall every soul be paid back fully what it has earned, and they shall not be dealt with unjustly.

99-/1972 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «الْغُلُولُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ غُلَّ مِنَ الْإِمَامِ،وَ أَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ شُبْهَةٌ،وَ السُّحْتُ شُبْهَةٌ».

99-/1972 - Al-ghulul is everything misappropriated from the Imam; consuming the property of the orphan is doubtful (illicit), and suht (illicit gain) is doubtful.

99-/1973 _2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ مٰا كٰانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَغُلَّ :«فَصَدَقَ اللَّهُ،لَمْ يَكُنِ اللَّهُ لِيَجْعَلَ نَبِيّاً غَالاًّ وَ مَنْ يَغْلُلْ يَأْتِ بِمٰا غَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ مَنْ غَلَّ شَيْئاً رَآهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي النَّارِ،ثُمَّ يُكَلَّفُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ إِلَيْهِ فَيُخْرِجَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ».

99-/1973 - Regarding His saying, “And it is not attributable to a prophet that he should act unfaithfully”: Allah has spoken the truth; it is not for Allah to make a prophet a defrauder. And whoever defrauds shall bring what he defrauded on the Day of Resurrection; and whoever defrauded anything will see it in the Fire on the Day of Resurrection, then he will be charged to enter into it and bring it out from the Fire.

قوله تعالى:

أَ فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَ رِضْوٰانَ اللّٰهِ كَمَنْ بٰاءَ بِسَخَطٍ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَ مَأْوٰاهُ جَهَنَّمُ وَ بِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ اللّٰهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمٰا يَكْتُمُونَ[162-167]

Qur’an 3:162-167 (M. H. Shakir):

162. Is then he who follows the pleasure of Allah like him who has made himself deserving of displeasure from Allah, and his abode is hell? And it is an evil destination.

163. There are (varying) grades with Allah, and Allah sees what they do.

164. Certainly Allah conferred a benefit upon the believers when He raised among them an Apostle from among themselves, reciting to them His communications and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom, although before that they were surely in manifest error.

165. What! when a misfortune befell you, and you had certainly afflicted (the enemy) with twice as much, you began to say: Whence is this? Say: It is from yourselves; surely Allah has power over all things.

166. And what befell you on the day when the two armies met (at Uhud) was with Allah’s permission, and that He might distinguish the believers.

167. And that He might know the hypocrites; and it was said to them: Come, fight in Allah’s way, or defend yourselves. They said: If we knew fighting, we would certainly have followed you. They were on that day nearer to unbelief than to belief; they utter with their mouths what is not in their hearts, and Allah best knows what they conceal.

99-/1974 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: أَ فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَ رِضْوٰانَ اللّٰهِ كَمَنْ بٰاءَ بِسَخَطٍ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَ مَأْوٰاهُ جَهَنَّمُ وَ بِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ* هُمْ دَرَجٰاتٌ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ .

فَقَالَ:«الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوا رِضْوَانَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ،وَ هُمْ-وَ اللَّهِ،يَا عَمَّارُ-دَرَجَاتٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ،وَ بِوَلاَيَتِهِمْ وَ مَعْرِفَتِهِمْ إِيَّانَا يُضَاعِفُ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ أَعْمَالَهُمْ،وَ يَرْفَعُ اللَّهُ لَهُمُ الدَّرَجَاتِ الْعُلاَ».

99-/1974 - I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, “Is then he who follows the pleasure of Allah like him who has made himself deserving of displeasure from Allah, and his abode is hell, and an evil destination. They are ranks with Allah.” He said: Those who follow Allah’s pleasure are the Imams, and—by Allah, O ‘Ammar—they are ranks for the believers. Through loyalty to them and knowing us, Allah multiplies their deeds and Allah raises for them the highest ranks.

99-/1975 _4- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: أَ فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَ رِضْوٰانَ اللّٰهِ كَمَنْ بٰاءَ بِسَخَطٍ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَ مَأْوٰاهُ جَهَنَّمُ وَ بِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ .

فَقَالَ:«هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ،وَ هُمْ-وَ اللَّهِ،يَا عَمَّارُ-دَرَجَاتٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ،وَ بِمُوَالاَتِهِمْ وَ بِمَعْرِفَتِهِمْ إِيَّانَا يُضَاعِفُ اللَّهُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَسَنَاتِهِمْ،وَ يَرْفَعُ اللَّهُ لَهُمُ الدَّرَجَاتِ الْعُلاَ.

وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ،يَا عَمَّارُ: كَمَنْ بٰاءَ بِسَخَطٍ مِنَ اللّٰهِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: اَلْمَصِيرُ فَهُمْ وَ اللَّهِ الَّذِينَ جَحَدُوا حَقَّ عَلِيِّ ابْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ حَقَّ الْأَئِمَّةِ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ،فَبَاءُوا بِذَلِكَ بِسَخَطِ مِنَ اللَّهِ».

99-/1975 - He said: They are the Imams, and—by Allah, O ‘Ammar—they are ranks for the believers with Allah. By their allegiance and by knowing us, Allah multiplies the believers’ good deeds and raises for them the highest ranks. As for His saying, O ‘Ammar, “like him who has drawn upon himself displeasure from Allah … the destination,” by Allah, they are those who denied the right of ‘Ali son of Abu Talib (peace be upon him) and the right of the Imams from us, the People of the House; thus they drew upon themselves the displeasure of Allah.

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:166/205.

_1) -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:166/205.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:122.

_2) -Tafsir al-Qummi 1:122.

_3) -الكافي 1:84/356.

_3) -al-Kafi 1:84/356.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:167/205.

_4) -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:167/205.

99-/1976 _3- عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) أَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ: هُمْ دَرَجٰاتٌ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ قَالَ:«الدَّرَجَةُ مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ».

99-/1976 - From Abu al-Hasan al-Rida (peace be upon him), that he mentioned Allah’s saying, “They are ranks with Allah,” and said: A rank is (a distance) like that between the heaven and the earth.

99-/1977 _4- و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم،في قوله: لَقَدْ مَنَّ اللّٰهُ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ بَعَثَ فِيهِمْ رَسُولاً مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ :فهذه الآية لآل محمد(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله).

99-/1977 - And ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said, regarding His saying, “Certainly Allah conferred a benefit upon the believers when He raised among them an Apostle from among themselves”: this verse is about the family of Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family).

99-/1978 _5- و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: أَ وَ لَمّٰا أَصٰابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهٰا قُلْتُمْ أَنّٰى هٰذٰا قُلْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِكُمْ يقول:بمعصيتكم أصابكم ما أصابكم إِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَلىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ* وَ مٰا أَصٰابَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعٰانِ فَبِإِذْنِ اللّٰهِ وَ لِيَعْلَمَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ* وَ لِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ نٰافَقُوا وَ قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعٰالَوْا قٰاتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ فهم ثلاث مائة منافق رجعوا مع عبد اللّه بن أبي سلول،فقال لهم جابر بن عبد اللّه:أنشدكم في نبيّكم و دينكم و دياركم، فقالوا:و اللّه لا يكون القتال اليوم،و لو نعلم أن يكون القتال لاتبعناكم،يقول اللّه: هُمْ لِلْكُفْرِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهُمْ لِلْإِيمٰانِ يَقُولُونَ بِأَفْوٰاهِهِمْ مٰا لَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ اللّٰهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمٰا يَكْتُمُونَ .

99-/1978 - And ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said, regarding His saying, “What! when a misfortune befell you, and you had certainly afflicted (the enemy) with twice as much, you began to say: Whence is this? Say: It is from yourselves—surely Allah has power over all things. And what befell you on the day when the two armies met was with Allah’s permission, and that He might (make) the believers known; and that He might (make) those who were hypocrites (known). And it was said to them: Come, fight in Allah’s way…”: they were three hundred hypocrites who turned back with ‘Abdullah b. Ubayy b. Salul. Jabir b. ‘Abdullah said to them: I adjure you by your Prophet, your religion, and your homes. They said: By Allah, there will be no fighting today; and if we knew there would be fighting, we would surely have followed you. Allah says: “They were on that day nearer to unbelief than to belief; they utter with their mouths what is not in their hearts; and Allah best knows what they conceal.”

99-/1979 _6- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: أَ وَ لَمّٰا أَصٰابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهٰا .

قَالَ:«كَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ قَدْ أَصَابُوا بِبَدْرٍ مِائَةً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلاً:قَتَلُوا سَبْعِينَ رَجُلاً،وَ أَسَرُوا سَبْعِينَ رَجُلاً،فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ أُحُدٍ أُصِيبَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلاً،فَاغْتَمُّوا بِذَلِكَ،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: أَ وَ لَمّٰا أَصٰابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهٰا ».

99-/1979 - Al-‘Ayyashi: from Muhammad b. Abi Hamzah, from someone he mentioned, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying, “What! when a misfortune befell you, and you had certainly afflicted (the enemy) with twice as much”: The Muslims at Badr had inflicted one hundred and forty men—killing seventy and capturing seventy. Then on the day of Uhud, seventy men from the Muslims were struck down; they were grieved by that. So Allah, Blessed and Exalted, sent down: “What! when a misfortune befell you, and you had certainly afflicted (the enemy) with twice as much …”

قوله تعالى:

وَ لاٰ تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ أَمْوٰاتاً بَلْ أَحْيٰاءٌ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ يُرْزَقُونَ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ لاٰ هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ[169-170]

Qur’an 3:169-170 (M. H. Shakir):

169. And reckon not those who are killed in Allah’s way as dead; nay, they are alive and are provided sustenance from their Lord;

170. Rejoicing in what Allah has given them out of His grace and they rejoice for the sake of those who, (being left) behind them, have not yet joined them, that they shall have no fear, nor shall they grieve.

99-/1980 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ الْحَذَّاءِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «هُمْ وَ اللَّهِ شِيعَتُنَا،إِذَا دَخَلُوا الْجَنَّةَ وَ اسْتَقْبَلُوا الْكَرَامَةَ مِنَ اللَّهِ اسْتَبْشَرُوا بِمَنْ لَمْ يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِمْ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي الدُّنْيَا».

99-/1980 - By Allah, they are our Shia. When they enter Paradise and receive honor from Allah, they rejoice over those of their brothers among the believers who have not yet joined them in the world.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:168/205.

_3) -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:168/205.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:122.

_4) -Tafsir al-Qummi 1:122.

_5) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:122.

_5) -Tafsir al-Qummi 1:122.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:169/205.

_6) -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:169/205.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:127.

_1) -Tafsir al-Qummi 1:127.