S 3 A 169-170

آل عمران آيه 170-169

99-/1976 _3- عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) أَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ: هُمْ دَرَجٰاتٌ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ قَالَ:«الدَّرَجَةُ مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ».

99-/1976 - In reference to Allah’s saying: Hum darajātun ‘inda Allāh (They are [in varying] degrees with Allah) [Qur’an 3:163], he said: “A degree is [a distance] like that between the heaven and the earth.”

/1977 _4-و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم،في قوله: لَقَدْ مَنَّ اللّٰهُ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ بَعَثَ فِيهِمْ رَسُولاً مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ :فهذه الآية لآل محمد(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله).

/1977 - And ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said, regarding His saying: Laqad manna Allāhu ‘ala al-mu’minīna idh ba‘atha fīhim rasūlan min anfusihim (Certainly Allah conferred a benefit upon the believers when He raised among them an Apostle from among themselves) [Qur’an 3:164]: This verse is about the Family of Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his Household).

/1978 _5-و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: أَ وَ لَمّٰا أَصٰابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهٰا قُلْتُمْ أَنّٰى هٰذٰا قُلْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِكُمْ يقول:بمعصيتكم أصابكم ما أصابكم إِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَلىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ* وَ مٰا أَصٰابَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعٰانِ فَبِإِذْنِ اللّٰهِ وَ لِيَعْلَمَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ* وَ لِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ نٰافَقُوا وَ قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعٰالَوْا قٰاتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ فهم ثلاث مائة منافق رجعوا مع عبد اللّه بن أبي سلول،فقال لهم جابر بن عبد اللّه:أنشدكم في نبيّكم و دينكم و دياركم، فقالوا:و اللّه لا يكون القتال اليوم،و لو نعلم أن يكون القتال لاتبعناكم،يقول اللّه: هُمْ لِلْكُفْرِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهُمْ لِلْإِيمٰانِ يَقُولُونَ بِأَفْوٰاهِهِمْ مٰا لَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ اللّٰهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمٰا يَكْتُمُونَ .

/1978 - And ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said, regarding His saying, A wa lammā aṣābatkum muṣībatun qad aṣabtum mithlayhā, qultum annā hādhā, qul huwa min ‘indi anfusikum (What! when a misfortune befell you, and you had certainly afflicted [the enemy] with twice as much, you said: Whence is this? Say: It is from your own selves) [Qur’an 3:165]: He says, “Because of your disobedience there befell you what befell you. Surely Allah has power over all things. And what befell you on the day the two hosts met was by Allah’s permission, and that He might make [known] the believers, and that He might make [known] those who were hypocrites. And it was said to them: ‘Come, fight in the way of Allah.’” They were three hundred hypocrites who turned back with ‘Abd Allāh ibn Ubayy ibn Salūl. Jābir ibn ‘Abd Allāh said to them, “I adjure you by your Prophet, your religion, and your homes!” They said, “By Allah, there will be no fighting today; if we knew there would be fighting, we would have followed you.” Allah says: Hum lil-kufri yawma’idhin aqrabu minhum lil-īmān, yaqūlūna bi-afwāhihim mā laysa fī qulūbihim, wallāhu a‘lamu bimā yaktumūn (They were on that day nearer to unbelief than to belief; they say with their mouths what is not in their hearts, and Allah best knows what they conceal) [Qur’an 3:167].

99-/1979 _6- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: أَ وَ لَمّٰا أَصٰابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهٰا .

قَالَ:«كَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ قَدْ أَصَابُوا بِبَدْرٍ مِائَةً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلاً:قَتَلُوا سَبْعِينَ رَجُلاً،وَ أَسَرُوا سَبْعِينَ رَجُلاً،فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ أُحُدٍ أُصِيبَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلاً،فَاغْتَمُّوا بِذَلِكَ،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: أَ وَ لَمّٰا أَصٰابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهٰا ».

99-/1979 - Al-‘Ayyāshī, from Muḥammad ibn Abī Ḥamzah, from someone he named, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: A wa lammā aṣābatkum muṣībatun qad aṣabtum mithlayhā (What! when a misfortune befell you, and you had certainly afflicted [the enemy] with twice as much) [Qur’an 3:165]. He said: “At Badr the Muslims had struck down one hundred and forty men: they killed seventy men and took seventy men captive. Then on the day of Uḥud, seventy Muslims were killed; they were grieved by that. So Allah, Blessed and Exalted, sent down: A wa lammā aṣābatkum muṣībatun qad aṣabtum mithlayhā.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ لاٰ تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ أَمْوٰاتاً بَلْ أَحْيٰاءٌ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ يُرْزَقُونَ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ لاٰ هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ[169-170]

Do not think those who are slain in Allah’s way to be dead; nay, they are alive and are provided sustenance from their Lord; rejoicing in what Allah has given them out of His grace and they rejoice for the sake of those who, (being left) behind them, have not yet joined them, that they shall have no fear, nor shall they grieve. (Qur’an 3:169-170, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1980 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ الْحَذَّاءِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «هُمْ وَ اللَّهِ شِيعَتُنَا،إِذَا دَخَلُوا الْجَنَّةَ وَ اسْتَقْبَلُوا الْكَرَامَةَ مِنَ اللَّهِ اسْتَبْشَرُوا بِمَنْ لَمْ يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِمْ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي الدُّنْيَا».

99-/1980 - ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, from al-Ḥasan ibn Maḥbūb, from Abū ‘Ubaydah al-Ḥadhdhā’, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him). He said: “By Allah, they are our Shī‘a. When they enter Paradise and are met with honor from Allah, they rejoice over those of their brothers among the believers in the world who have not yet joined them.”

أَلاّٰ خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لاٰ هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ وَ هُوَ رَدٌّ عَلَى مَنْ يُبْطِلُ الثَّوَابَ وَ الْعِقَابَ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ.

There shall be no fear upon them, nor shall they grieve—and this is a refutation of those who deny reward and punishment after death.

99-/1981 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ،عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ بِالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْ مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ أَلاّٰ خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لاٰ هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ .

قَالَ:«هُمْ وَ اللَّهِ شِيعَتُنَا حِينَ صَارَتْ أَرْوَاحُهُمْ فِي الْجَنَّةِ،وَ اسْتَقْبَلُوا الْكَرَامَةَ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،عَلِمُوا وَ اسْتَيْقَنُوا أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَ عَلَى دِينِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ،فَاسْتَبْشَرُوا بِمَنْ لَمْ يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِمْ مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَلاّٰ خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لاٰ هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ ».

99-/1981 - Muḥammad ibn Ya‘qūb, by his isnād, from al-Ḥasan ibn Maḥbūb, from al-Ḥārith ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Nu‘mān, from Burayd al-‘Ijlī, said: I asked Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: Wa yastabshirūna bi-lladhīna lam yalḥaqū bihim min khalfihim, allā khawfun ‘alayhim wa lā hum yaḥzanūn (and they rejoice for the sake of those who, [being left] behind them, have not yet joined them: that they shall have no fear, nor shall they grieve) [Qur’an 3:170]. He said: “By Allah, they are our Shī‘a. When their spirits have come to be in Paradise and they are met with honor from Allah, Mighty and Majestic, they know and are certain that they were upon the truth and upon the religion of Allah—glorious is His remembrance—so they rejoice over those brothers of theirs, from behind them among the believers, who have not yet joined them: that there shall be no fear upon them, nor shall they grieve.”

99-/1982 _3- عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ: «إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ يَوْماً: وَ لاٰ تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ أَمْوٰاتاً بَلْ أَحْيٰاءٌ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ يُرْزَقُونَ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مَاتَ شَهِيداً،وَ اللَّهِ لَيَأْتِيَنَّكَ،فَأَيْقِنْ إِذَا جَاءَكَ،فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ غَيْرُ مُتَخَيِّلٍ بِهِ،فَأَخَذَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِيَدِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَأَرَاهُ النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)، فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ،آمِنْ بِعَلِيٍّ وَ بِأَحَدَ عَشَرَ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ،إِنَّهُمْ مِثْلِي إِلاَّ النُّبُوَّةَ وَ تُبْ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِمَّا فِي يَدِكَ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ حَقَّ لَكَ فِيهِ.قَالَ:ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ فَلَمْ يَرَهُ».

99-/1982 - From him, by his isnād, he said: “Surely the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said to Abū Bakr one day: Wa lā taḥsabanna alladhīna qutilū fī sabīli Allāhi amwātā, bal aḥyā’un ‘inda rabbihim yurzaqūn (Do not think those who are slain in Allah’s way to be dead; nay, they are alive and are provided sustenance from their Lord) [Qur’an 3:169]. And I bear witness that Muḥammad, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family), died a martyr. By Allah, he will come to you; so be certain when he comes to you, for Satan cannot assume his form.” Then ‘Alī (peace be upon him) took Abū Bakr’s hand and showed him the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his Family). He (the Prophet) said: “O Abū Bakr, have faith in ‘Alī and in eleven of his sons. They are like me, except for prophethood. And repent to Allah regarding what is in your hand, for you have no right to it.” He said: Then he went, and he did not see him.”

99-/1983 _4- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ جَابِرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «أَتَى رَجُلٌ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَقَالَ:إِنِّي رَاغِبٌ نَشِيطٌ فِي الْجِهَادِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ؛قَالَ:فَجَاهِدْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ،فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ تُقْتَلْ كُنْتَ حَيّاً عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تُرْزَقُ،وَ إِنْ مِتَّ فَقَدْ وَقَعَ أَجْرُكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ،وَ إِنْ رَجَعْتَ خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ إِلَى اللَّهِ،هَذَا تَفْسِيرُ وَ لاٰ تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ أَمْوٰاتاً ».

99-/1983 - Al-‘Ayyāshī, from Jābir, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), said: “A man came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family) and said: ‘I incline toward and am eager for jihad in the way of Allah.’ He said: ‘Then strive in the way of Allah; for if you are killed, you will be alive with Allah, provided for; and if you die, then your reward has been assured with Allah; and if you return, you will return to Allah rid of sins. This is the exegesis of: Wa lā taḥsabanna alladhīna qutilū fī sabīli Allāhi amwātā (And do not think those who are slain in Allah’s way to be dead) [Qur’an 3:169].’”

قوله تعالى:

اَلَّذِينَ اسْتَجٰابُوا لِلّٰهِ وَ الرَّسُولِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مٰا أَصٰابَهُمُ الْقَرْحُ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ اللّٰهُ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَظِيمٍ[172-174]

(As for) those who responded (to the call) of Allah and the Apostle after the wound had befallen them, those among them who do good (to others) and guard (against evil) shall have a great reward. Those to whom the people said: Surely men have gathered against you, therefore fear them, but this increased their faith, and they said: Allah is sufficient for us and most excellent is the Protector. So they returned with favor from Allah and (His) grace, no evil touched them and they followed the pleasure of Allah; and Allah is the Lord of mighty grace. (Qur’an 3:172-174, M. H. Shakir)

تقدمت الرواية في الآية في هذه السورة [1] و نزيد هنا:

The narration on the verse has already preceded in this sūrah [1], and we add here:

99-/1984 _1- ابْنُ شَهْرَآشُوبَ،قَالَ:ذَكَرَ الْفَلَكِيُّ الْمُفَسِّرُ،عَنِ الْكَلْبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ،وَ عَنْ أَبِي

99-/1984 - Ibn Shahrāshūb said: The astronomer-exegete mentioned, from al-Kalbī, from Abū Ṣāliḥ, from Ibn ‘Abbās, and from Abī …

المراجع والحواشي:

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:168/205.

_3) - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:168/205.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:122.

_4) - Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:122.

_5) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:122.

_5) - Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:122.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:169/205.

_6) - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:169/205.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:127.

_1) - Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:127.

_2) -الكافي 8:146/156.

_2) - al-Kāfī 8:146/156.

_3) -الكافي 1:13/448.

_3) - al-Kāfī 1:13/448.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:170/206.

_4) - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:170/206.

_1) -المناقب 1:194.

_1) - al-Manāqib 1:194.

[1] تقدم في الحديث(1)من تفسير الآية(140)من سورة آل عمران.

[1] Taqaddama fī al-ḥadīth (1) min tafsīr al-āyah (140) min Sūrat Āl ‘Imrān.