Yunus Ayah 90-92

يونس آيه 92-90

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وَ ضَنِيَ آخَرُونَ».

3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:

«كَانَ بَيْنَ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُمٰا وَ بَيْنَ أَخْذِ فِرْعَوْنَ أَرْبَعُونَ عَاماً».

Translation:

3- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub, through his chain from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hisham ibn Salim, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), said: “Between Allah’s saying: ‘Your prayer has indeed been answered’ and the seizing of Pharaoh there were forty years.”

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4- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ،عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:

«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): دَعَا مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ أَمَّنَ هَارُونُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)؛وَ أَمَّنَتِ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُمٰا فَاسْتَقِيمٰا وَ مَنْ غَزَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ اسْتُجِيبَ لَهُ كَمَا اسْتُجِيبَ لَكُمَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ».

Translation:

4- And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from al-Nawfali, from al-Sakuni, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: ‘Moses (peace be upon him) supplicated and Aaron (peace be upon him) said “Amen”; and the angels (peace be upon them) also said “Amen.” So Allah, the Exalted, said: “Your prayer has indeed been answered, so remain steadfast.” And whoever goes forth in the path of Allah, his supplication will be answered for him on the Day of Resurrection as your supplication was answered.’”

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5- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «كَانَ بَيْنَ قَوْلِهِ: قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُمٰا وَ بَيْنَ أَنْ أُخِذَ فِرْعَوْنُ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً».

Translation:

5- Al-‘Ayyashi: from Hisham ibn Salim, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), said: “Between His saying, ‘Your prayer has indeed been answered,’ and the time Pharaoh was seized, there were forty years.”

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6- الْمُفِيدُ فِي(الْإِخْتِصَاصِ):قَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُمٰا ،قَالَ:«كَانَ بَيْنَ أَنْ قَالَ: قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُمٰا وَ بَيْنَ أَخْذِ فِرْعَوْنَ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً».

Translation:

6- Al-Mufid in al-Ikhtisas: Al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said regarding Allah’s statement, “Your prayer has indeed been answered”: “Between His saying, ‘Your prayer has indeed been answered,’ and the seizing of Pharaoh there were forty years.”

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7- الطَّبْرِسِيُّ: مَكَثَ فِرْعَوْنُ بَعْدَ هَذَا الدُّعَاءِ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).

Translation:

7- Al-Tabrisi: Pharaoh remained for forty years after this supplication, as reported from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him).

قوله تعالى:

وَ جٰاوَزْنٰا بِبَنِي إِسْرٰائِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ بَغْياً وَ عَدْواً حَتّٰى إِذٰا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ إِنَّ كَثِيراً مِنَ النّٰاسِ عَنْ آيٰاتِنٰا لَغٰافِلُونَ [90-92]

Translation (Qur’an, Yunus 10:90-92, M. H. Shakir):

And We made the children of Israel to pass through the sea; then Firon and his hosts followed them in hostility and spite, until when drowning overtook him, he said: I believe that there is no god but He in Whom the children of Israel believe and I am of those who submit. What! now! and indeed you disobeyed before and you were of the mischief-makers. But this day We will save you in your body that you may be a sign to those after you, and most surely most people are heedless to Our communications.

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1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ جٰاوَزْنٰا بِبَنِي إِسْرٰائِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ بَغْياً وَ عَدْواً إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ :«فَإِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالُوا:يَا مُوسَى،ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَنَا مِمَّا نَحْنُ فِيهِ فَرَجاً فَدَعَا،فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ:أَنْ أَسْرِ بِهِمْ.قَالَ:يَا رَبِّ،الْبَحْرُ أَمَامَهُمْ.

قَالَ:اِمْضِ،فَإِنِّي آمُرُهُ أَنْ يُطِيعَكَ وَ يَنْفَرِجَ لَكَ.

فَخَرَجَ مُوسَى بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ،وَ أَتْبَعُهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَادَ أَنْ يَلْحَقَهُمْ،وَ نَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ قَدْ أَظَلَّهُمْ،قَالَ مُوسَى لِلْبَحْرِ:اِنْفَرِجْ لِي.قَالَ:مَا كُنْتُ لِأَفْعَلَ.وَ قَالَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ لِمُوسَى:غَرَرْتَنَا وَ أَهْلَكْتَنَا،فَلَيْتَكَ تَرَكْتَنَا يَسْتَعْبِدُنَا آلُ فِرْعَوْنَ،وَ لَمْ نَخْرُجْ إِلَى أَنْ نُقْتَلَ قَتْلَةً.قَالَ:كَلاَّ،إِنَّ مَعِي رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِي.

وَ اشْتَدَّ عَلَى مُوسَى مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ بِهِ عَامَّةُ قَوْمِهِ،وَ قَالُوا:يَا مُوسَى،إِنَّا لَمُدْرَكُونَ،وَ زَعَمْتَ أَنَّ الْبَحْرَ يَنْفَرِجُ لَنَا حَتَّى نَمْضِيَ وَ نَذْهَبَ،فَقَدْ رَهِقَنَا فِرْعَوْنُ وَ قَوْمُهُ،وَ هُمْ هَؤُلاَءِ نَرَاهُمْ قَدْ دَنَوْا مِنَّا.فَدَعَا مُوسَى رَبَّهُ،فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ:

أَنِ اضْرِبْ بِعَصٰاكَ الْبَحْرَ فَضَرَبَهُ فَانْفَلَقَ الْبَحْرُ،فَمَضَى مُوسَى وَ أَصْحَابُهُ حَتَّى قَطَعُوا الْبَحْرَ،وَ أَدْرَكَهُمْ آلُ فِرْعَوْنَ،فَلَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَى الْبَحْرِ،قَالُوا لِفِرْعَوْنَ:مَا تَعْجَبُ مِمَّا تَرَى؟قَالَ:أَنَا فَعَلْتُ هَذَا.فَمَرُّوا وَ مَضَوْا فِيهِ،فَلَمَّا تَوَسَّطَ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْبَحْرَ فَأَطْبَقَ عَلَيْهِمْ،فَأَغْرَقَهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ،فَلَمَّا أَدْرَكَ فِرْعَوْنَ الْغَرَقُ قٰالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاَّ الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرٰائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ: آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ يَقُولُ:كُنْتَ مِنَ الْعَاصِينَ فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ -قَالَ-إِنَّ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ ذَهَبُوا أَجْمَعِينَ فِي الْبَحْرِ،فَلَمْ يُرَ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ،هَوَوْا فِي الْبَحْرِ إِلَى النَّارِ،وَ أَمَّا فِرْعَوْنُ فَنَبَذَهُ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ فَأَلْقَاهُ بِالسَّاحِلِ لِيَنْظُرُوا إِلَيْهِ وَ لِيَعْرِفُوهُ،لِيَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ آيَةً،وَ لِئَلاَّ يَشُكَّ أَحَدٌ فِي هَلاَكِهِ،لِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا اتَّخَذُوهُ رَبّاً،فَأَرَاهُمُ اللَّهُ إِيَّاهُ جِيفَةً مُلْقَاةً بِالسَّاحِلِ،لِيَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ عِبْرَةً وَ عِظَةً،يَقُولُ اللَّهُ: وَ إِنَّ كَثِيراً مِنَ النّٰاسِ عَنْ آيٰاتِنٰا لَغٰافِلُونَ ».

Translation:

1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim: In the narration of Abu al-Jarud, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “And We made the Children of Israel pass through the sea, then Pharaoh and his hosts followed them in hostility and enmity … to His saying: ‘and I am of those who submit,’” he said: “The Children of Israel said, ‘O Moses, pray to Allah to grant us relief from what we are in.’ So he prayed, and Allah revealed to him: ‘Travel by night with them.’ He said, ‘My Lord, the sea is before them.’ He said, ‘Proceed, for I shall command it to obey you and to split for you.’ So Moses went out with the Children of Israel, and Pharaoh pursued them until he almost caught them, and they looked at him as he overshadowed them. Moses said to the sea, ‘Split for me.’ It said, ‘I would not do so.’ The Children of Israel said to Moses, ‘You have deceived us and destroyed us; if only you had left us to be enslaved by the family of Pharaoh, and not brought us out only to be slaughtered.’ He said, ‘No indeed! My Lord is with me; He will guide me.’ What his people at large were doing to him weighed heavily on Moses, and they said, ‘O Moses, we shall surely be overtaken, and you claimed that the sea would split for us so we could pass through and go on, but Pharaoh and his people have reached us; there they are, drawing near to us.’ Moses then called upon his Lord, and Allah revealed to him: ‘Strike the sea with your staff.’ So he struck it, and the sea split. Moses and his companions went on until they crossed the sea, and Pharaoh’s people caught up with them. When they looked at the sea, they said to Pharaoh, ‘What amazes you about what you see?’ He said, ‘I did this.’ So they went forward and entered it. When Pharaoh and those with him were in the middle, Allah commanded the sea, and it closed in upon them and drowned them all. When drowning overtook Pharaoh, he said, ‘I believe that there is no god except He in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who submit.’ Allah says, ‘What! Now? And indeed you disobeyed before and were of the corrupters’—meaning: you were among the disobedient. ‘So today We shall save you in your body.’ He said: Pharaoh’s people all went down in the sea; none of them was seen—they fell in the sea to the Fire. As for Pharaoh, Allah cast him alone and threw him onto the shore so they would look at him and recognize him, to be a sign for those after him, and so no one would doubt his destruction, for they had taken him as a lord. So Allah showed him to them as a corpse cast upon the shore, to be a lesson and admonition for those after him. Allah says: ‘And indeed many of the people are heedless of Our signs.’”

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2- وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:قَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «مَا أَتَى جَبْرَئِيلُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلاَّ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً،وَ لَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ مُنْذُ أَهْلَكَ اللَّهُ فِرْعَوْنَ،فَلَمَّا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ بِنُزُولِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ ضَاحِكٌ مُسْتَبْشِرٌ،فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مَا أَتَيْتَنِي-يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ-إِلاَّ وَ تَبَيَّنْتُ الْحُزْنَ فِي وَجْهِكَ حَتَّى السَّاعَةِ؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ-يَا مُحَمَّدُ-لَمَّا أَغْرَقَ اللَّهُ فِرْعَوْنَ قَالَ:آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ،فَأَخَذْتُ حَمْأَةً فَوَضَعْتُهَا فِي فِيهِ،ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لَهُ:آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ؟!وَ عَمِلْتَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ،خِفْتُ أَنْ تَلْحَقَهُ الرَّحْمَةُ مِنَ اللَّهِ،وَ يُعَذِّبَنِي عَلَى مَا فَعَلْتُ،فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْآنَ وَ أَمَرَنِيَ اللَّهُ أَنْ أُؤَدِّيَ إِلَيْكَ مَا قُلْتُهُ أَنَا لِفِرْعَوْنَ،أَمِنْتُ وَ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ لِلَّهِ رِضًا».

وَ قَالَ أَيْضاً،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ :«فَإِنَّ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَخْبَرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَغْرَقَ فِرْعَوْنَ فَلَمْ يُصَدِّقُوهُ،فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْبَحْرَ فَلَفَظَ بِهِ عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ حَتَّى رَأَوْهُ مَيِّتاً».

Translation:

2- And ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: Al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: “Gabriel never came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) except sorrowful and sad, and he remained so from the time Allah destroyed Pharaoh. But when Allah commanded him to bring down this verse: ‘What! now! and indeed you disobeyed before and you were of the mischief-makers,’ he came down to him smiling and rejoicing. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said to him, ‘O Gabriel, you have never come to me until now except that I noticed grief in your face. How is it now?’ He said, ‘Yes, O Muhammad. When Allah drowned Pharaoh, he said: “I believe that there is no god but He in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who submit.” So I took muck and put it in his mouth; then I said to him, “What! now! and indeed you disobeyed before and you were of the mischief-makers?!” I did that without Allah’s command; I feared that mercy from Allah might reach him, and He would punish me for what I had done. But now that Allah has commanded me to convey to you what I said to Pharaoh, I am secure and I know that this was pleasing to Allah.’”

He also said regarding His saying, ‘So today We will save you in your body’: “Moses (peace be upon him) informed the Children of Israel that Allah had drowned Pharaoh, but they did not believe him; so Allah commanded the sea, and it cast him upon the seashore until they saw him dead.”

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3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ عُبْدُوسٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ الْعَطَّارُ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ،عَنْ حَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ النَّيْسَابُورِيِّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ،قَالَ:

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ أَغْرَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ قَدْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَ أَقَرَّ بِتَوْحِيدِهِ؟

قَالَ:«لِأَنَّهُ آمَنَ عِنْدَ رُؤْيَةِ الْبَأْسِ،وَ الْإِيمَانُ عِنْدَ رُؤْيَةِ الْبَأْسِ غَيْرُ مَقْبُولٍ،وَ ذَلِكَ حُكْمُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِي السَّلَفِ وَ الْخَلَفِ،قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: فَلَمّٰا رَأَوْا بَأْسَنٰا قٰالُوا آمَنّٰا بِاللّٰهِ وَحْدَهُ وَ كَفَرْنٰا بِمٰا كُنّٰا بِهِ مُشْرِكِينَ* فَلَمْ يَكُ يَنْفَعُهُمْ إِيمٰانُهُمْ لَمّٰا رَأَوْا بَأْسَنٰا وَ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يَوْمَ يَأْتِي بَعْضُ آيٰاتِ رَبِّكَ لاٰ يَنْفَعُ نَفْساً إِيمٰانُهٰا لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ أَوْ كَسَبَتْ فِي إِيمٰانِهٰا خَيْراً وَ هَكَذَا فِرْعَوْنُ حَتّٰى إِذٰا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ قٰالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاَّ الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرٰائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ* فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَكَ آيَةً وَ قَدْ كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ مِنْ قَرْنِهِ إِلَى قَدَمِهِ فِي الْحَدِيدِ،وَ قَدْ لَبِسَهُ عَلَى بَدَنِهِ، فَلَمَّا غَرِقَ أَلْقَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى نَجْوَةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ بِبَدَنِهِ،لِيَكُونَ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ عَلاَمَةً،فَيَرَوْنَهُ مَعَ تَثَقُّلِهِ بِالْحَدِيدِ عَلَى مُرْتَفِعٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ،وَ سَبِيلُ الثَّقِيلِ أَنْ يَرْسُبَ وَ لاَ يَرْتَفِعَ،فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ آيَةً وَ عَلاَمَةً.

وَ لِعِلَّةٍ أُخْرَى أَغْرَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِرْعَوْنَ،وَ هِيَ أَنَّهُ اسْتَغَاثَ بِمُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَمَّا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَغِثْ بِاللَّهِ،فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ:يَا مُوسَى،لَمْ تُغِثْ فِرْعَوْنَ لِأَنَّكَ لَمْ تَخْلُقْهُ،وَ لَوِ اسْتَغَاثَ بِي لَأَغَثْتُهُ».

Translation:

3- Ibn Babawayh said: ‘Abd al-Wahid ibn ‘Abdus al-Naysaburi al-‘Attar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, saying: ‘Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Qutaybah al-Naysaburi, from Hamdan ibn Sulayman al-Naysaburi, who said: Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Hamdani narrated to us: I said to Abu al-Hasan al-Rida (peace be upon him): “For what reason did Allah, Mighty and Majestic, drown Pharaoh when he had believed in Him and acknowledged His oneness?” He said: “Because he believed at the sight of punishment, and faith at the sight of punishment is not accepted. That is Allah’s ruling regarding the former peoples and the later ones. Allah, the Exalted, said: ‘So when they saw Our punishment, they said: We believe in Allah alone and we disbelieve in what we used to associate with Him. But their belief was not going to profit them when they saw Our punishment’—and He, Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘On the day when some of the signs of your Lord shall come, its faith shall not profit a soul which did not believe before, or earn good by its faith’—and so it was with Pharaoh: ‘until when drowning overtook him, he said: I believe that there is no god but He in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who submit.’ It was said to him: ‘What! now! and indeed you disobeyed before and you were of the mischief-makers. But this day We will save you in your body that you may be a sign to those after you.’ And Pharaoh was from his crown to his foot in iron—he had put it on his body—so when he drowned, Allah, the Exalted, cast him, in his very body, upon a height of the land to be a sign for those after him, so they would see him—though weighed down with iron—upon an elevation of the ground, whereas the way of the heavy is to sink and not to rise; thus that was a sign and a token.

“And for another reason Allah, Mighty and Majestic, drowned Pharaoh: he sought help from Moses (peace be upon him) when drowning overtook him, and he did not seek help from Allah. So Allah, the Exalted, revealed to him: ‘O Moses, you did not rescue Pharaoh because you did not create him; and had he sought help from Me, I would have helped him.’”’

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4- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحَاكِمُ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ نُعَيْمِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ شَاذَانَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِمُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ): اِذْهَبٰا إِلىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغىٰ* فَقُولاٰ لَهُ قَوْلاً لَيِّناً لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشىٰ.

فَقَالَ:«أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ فَقُولاٰ لَهُ قَوْلاً لَيِّناً أَيْ كَنِّيَاهُ،وَ قُولاَ لَهُ:يَا أَبَا مُصْعَبٍ،وَ كَانَ اسْمُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَبَا مُصْعَبٍ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ مُصْعَبٍ؛وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشىٰ فَإِنَّمَا قَالَ لِيَكُونَ أَحْرَصَ لِمُوسَى عَلَى الذَّهَابِ،وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لاَ يَتَذَكَّرُ وَ لاَ يَخْشَى إِلاَّ عِنْدَ رُؤْيَةِ الْبَأْسِ،أَ لاَ تَسْمَعُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: حَتّٰى إِذٰا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ قٰالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاَّ الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرٰائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلَمْ يَقْبَلِ اللَّهُ إِيمَانَهُ،وَ قَالَ:

آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ ».

Translation:

4- And from him: Al-Hakim Abu Muhammad Ja‘far ibn Nu‘aym ibn Shadhan al-Naysaburi (may Allah be pleased with him), from his uncle Abu ‘Abdillah Muhammad ibn Shadhan, said: Al-Fadl ibn Shadhan, from Muhammad ibn Abi ‘Umayr, said: I said to Musa ibn Ja‘far (peace be upon him): “Inform me about Allah’s saying to Moses and Aaron (peace be upon them): ‘Go both of you to Pharaoh; surely he has transgressed. And speak to him a gentle word, perhaps he may be mindful or fear.’” He said: “As for His saying, ‘Speak to him a gentle word,’ it means address him with a kunya and say to him, ‘O Abu Mus‘ab,’ for the name of Pharaoh was Abu Mus‘ab al-Walid ibn Mus‘ab. And as for His saying, ‘perhaps he may be mindful or fear,’ He only said that so that Moses would be more eager to go; Allah, Mighty and Majestic, already knew that Pharaoh would not be mindful nor fear except at the sight of punishment. Do you not hear Allah, Mighty and Majestic, say: ‘until when drowning overtook him, he said: I believe that there is no god but He in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who submit,’ but Allah did not accept his faith, and said: ‘What! now! and indeed you disobeyed before and you were of the mischief-makers.’”

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5- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ السُّكَّرِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا الْجَوْهَرِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)- وَ كَانَ وَ اللَّهِ صَادِقاً كَمَا سُمِّيَ-يَقُولُ:«يَا سُفْيَانُ،عَلَيْكَ بِالتَّقِيَّةِ فَإِنَّهَا سُنَّةُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْخَلِيلِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ لِمُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ): اِذْهَبٰا إِلىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغىٰ* فَقُولاٰ لَهُ قَوْلاً لَيِّناً لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشىٰ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:كَنِّيَاهُ وَ قُولاَ لَهُ:يَا أَبَا مُصْعَبٍ،وَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ سَفَراً وَرَّى بِغَيْرِهِ،وَ قَالَ:أَمَرَنِي رَبِّي بِمُدَارَاةِ النَّاسِ،كَمَا أَمَرَنِي بِأَدَاءِ الْفَرَائِضِ،وَ لَقَدْ أَدَّبَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِالتَّقِيَّةِ،فَقَالَ: اِدْفَعْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ فَإِذَا الَّذِي بَيْنَكَ وَ بَيْنَهُ عَدٰاوَةٌ كَأَنَّهُ وَلِيٌّ حَمِيمٌ* وَ مٰا يُلَقّٰاهٰا إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا وَ مٰا يُلَقّٰاهٰا إِلاّٰ ذُو حَظٍّ عَظِيمٍ.

يَا سُفْيَانُ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلَ التَّقِيَّةَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ تَسَنَّمَ الذِّرْوَةَ الْعُلْيَا مِنَ الْعِزِّ،إِنَّ عِزَّ الْمُؤْمِنِ فِي حِفْظِ لِسَانِهِ،وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَمْلِكْ لِسَانَهُ نَدِمَ».

قَالَ سُفْيَانُ:فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُطْمِعَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عِبَادَهُ فِي كَوْنِ مَا لاَ يَكُونُ؟قَالَ:«لاَ».

قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ:فَكَيْفَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشىٰ وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ لاَ يَتَذَكَّرُ وَ لاَ يَخْشَى؟فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ قَدْ تَذَكَّرَ وَ خَشِيَ،وَ لَكِنْ عِنْدَ رُؤْيَةِ الْبَأْسِ حَيْثُ لَمْ يَنْفَعْهُ الْإِيمَانُ، أَ لاَ تَسْمَعُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ:« حَتّٰى إِذٰا أَدْرَكَهُ الْغَرَقُ قٰالَ آمَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاَّ الَّذِي آمَنَتْ بِهِ بَنُوا إِسْرٰائِيلَ وَ أَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلَمْ يَقْبَلِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِيمَانَهُ،وَ قَالَ: آلْآنَ وَ قَدْ عَصَيْتَ قَبْلُ وَ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ* فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَكَ آيَةً يَقُولُ:نُلْقِيكَ عَلَى نَجْوَةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ بَعْدَكَ عَلاَمَةً وَ عِبْرَةً».

Translation:

5- And from him: Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Qattan narrated to us, who said: al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali al-Sukkari narrated to us, who said: Muhammad ibn Zakariyya al-Jawhari narrated to us, who said: Ja‘far ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Umarah, from his father, from Sufyan ibn Sa‘id, said: I heard Abu ‘Abdillah Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Sadiq (peace be upon him)—and by Allah, he was truthful as he was named—say: “O Sufyan, adhere to taqiyyah, for it is the way of Ibrahim, the Friend (peace be upon him). Indeed Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said to Moses and Aaron (peace be upon them): ‘Go both of you to Pharaoh; surely he has transgressed. And speak to him a gentle word, perhaps he may be mindful or fear’—meaning: address him with a kunya and say, ‘O Abu Mus‘ab.’ And the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family), when he intended a journey, would indicate other than it, and he said: ‘My Lord has commanded me to show forbearance with people just as He has commanded me to perform the obligations.’ Indeed Allah, Mighty and Majestic, trained him upon taqiyyah, saying: ‘Repel with that which is best; then lo! he between whom and you was enmity will be as though he were an intimate friend. And none are granted it except those who are patient, and none are granted it except one having a mighty portion.’

“O Sufyan, whoever employs taqiyyah in the religion of Allah has ascended the highest peak of honor. The honor of the believer lies in guarding his tongue, and whoever does not control his tongue will regret it.”

Sufyan said: I said to him, “O son of the Messenger of Allah, is it permissible that Allah, the Exalted, entice His servants with the occurrence of what will not occur?” He said: “No.” I said, “Then how did Allah, the Exalted, say to Moses and Aaron (peace be upon them): ‘perhaps he may be mindful or fear,’ when He knew that Pharaoh would neither be mindful nor fear?” He said: “Pharaoh did become mindful and fearful, but at the sight of punishment, when faith did not benefit him. Do you not hear Allah, the Exalted, say: ‘until when drowning overtook him, he said: I believe that there is no god but He in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who submit’—but Allah, the Exalted, did not accept his faith and said: ‘What! now! and indeed you disobeyed before and you were of the mischief-makers. But today We will save you in your body that you may be a sign to those after you’—meaning: We will cast you upon a height of the land, to be a sign and lesson for those after you.”

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6- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا،يَرْفَعُهُ،قَالَ: «لَمَّا صَارَ مُوسَى فِي الْبَحْرِ أَتْبَعَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ،قَالَ:فَتَهَيَّبَ فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْبَحْرَ،فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَلَى رَمَكَةٍ،فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْفَرَسُ الرَّمَكَةَ أَتْبَعَهَا فَدَخَلَ الْبَحْرَ هُوَ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ فَغَرِقُوا».

Translation:

6- Al-‘Ayyashi: from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from some of our companions, raised [to an Imam], said: “When Moses entered the sea, Pharaoh and his troops followed him. Pharaoh’s horse was intimidated from entering the sea, so Gabriel (peace be upon him) appeared to it on a mare; when the horse saw the mare, it followed her and entered the sea—he and his companions—and they drowned.”

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7- الْمُفِيدُ فِي(الْإِخْتِصَاصِ):عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «كَانَ عَلَى مُقَدِّمَةِ فِرْعَوْنَ سِتُّ مِائَةِ أَلْفٍ وَ مِائَتَا أَلْفٍ،وَ عَلَى سَاقَتِهِ أَلْفُ أَلْفٍ-قَالَ-لَمَّا صَارَ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي الْبَحْرِ أَتْبَعَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَ جُنُودُهُ-قَالَ-فَتَهَيَّبَ فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْبَحْرَ،فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَلَى مَادِيَانَةٍ،فَلَمَّا رَأَى فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ الْمَادِيَانَةَ أَتْبَعَهَا،فَدَخَلَ الْبَحْرَ هُوَ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ فَغَرِقُوا».

و ستأتي-إن شاء اللّه تعالى-روايات في القصة في سورة الشعراء زيادة على ما هنا.

Translation:

7- Al-Mufid in al-Ikhtisas: from ‘Abdullah ibn Jundub, from Abu al-Hasan al-Rida (peace be upon him), said: “At Pharaoh’s vanguard there were six hundred and two hundred thousand, and at his rear guard a million. When Moses (peace be upon him) entered the sea, Pharaoh and his troops followed him. Pharaoh’s horse was intimidated from entering the sea, so Gabriel (peace be upon him) appeared to him on a madayanah (a mare). When Pharaoh’s horse saw the mare, it followed her and entered the sea—he and his companions—and they drowned.” And—Allah willing—there will come narrations in the story in Surah al-Shu‘ara’ with additions to what is here.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ بَوَّأْنٰا بَنِي إِسْرٰائِيلَ مُبَوَّأَ صِدْقٍ [93]

Translation (Qur’an, Yunus 10:93, M. H. Shakir):

And certainly We settled the children of Israel in a goodly abode and provided them with good things; so they differed not until the knowledge came to them; surely your Lord will judge between them on the resurrection day concerning that in which they differed.

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1- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:ردهم إلى مصر،و غرق فرعون.

Translation:

1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: “He returned them to Egypt, and drowned Pharaoh.”

قوله تعالى:

فَإِنْ كُنْتَ فِي شَكٍّ مِمّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰا إِلَيْكَ فَسْئَلِ الَّذِينَ يَقْرَؤُنَ الْكِتٰابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ لَقَدْ جٰاءَكَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكَ فَلاٰ تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ المُمْتَرِينَ [94]

Translation (Qur’an, Yunus 10:94, M. H. Shakir):

But if you are in doubt as to what We have revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you; certainly the truth has come to you from your Lord, therefore you should not be of the disputers.

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2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الرَّاشِدِيِّ،عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلَى السَّمَاءِ،فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فِي عَلِيٍّ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ)مَا أَوْحَى مِنْ شَرَفِهِ وَ عِظَمِهِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ،وَ رُدَّ إِلَى الْبَيْتِ الْمَعْمُورِ،وَ جَمَعَ لَهُ النَّبِيِّينَ فَصَلَّوْا خَلْفَهُ،عَرَضَ فِي نَفْسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مِنْ عِظَمِ مَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فِي عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: فَإِنْ كُنْتَ فِي شَكٍّ مِمّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰا إِلَيْكَ فَسْئَلِ الَّذِينَ يَقْرَؤُنَ الْكِتٰابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ يَعْنِي الْأَنْبِيَاءَ،فَقَدْ أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فِي كُتُبِهِمْ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ مَا أَنْزَلْنَا فِي كِتَابِكَ لَقَدْ جٰاءَكَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكَ فَلاٰ تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ المُمْتَرِينَ ، وَ لاٰ تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيٰاتِ اللّٰهِ فَتَكُونَ مِنَ الْخٰاسِرِينَ».فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا شَكَّ وَ مَا سَأَلَ».

Translation:

2- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me, from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id al-Rashidi, from Ibn Maskan, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) was taken by night to the heavens, Allah revealed to him about ‘Ali (may Allah’s blessings be upon him) what He revealed of his honor and great station with Allah. He was returned to the Frequented House, and the prophets were gathered for him and prayed behind him. Something arose in the soul of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) due to the magnitude of what Allah had revealed to him concerning ‘Ali (peace be upon him). So Allah revealed: ‘But if you are in doubt as to what We have revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you’—meaning the prophets, for We revealed in their books concerning his merit what We revealed in your Book—‘Certainly the truth has come to you from your Lord, therefore you should not be of the disputers, and do not be of those who reject the signs of Allah, for then you would be among the losers.’” Al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: “By Allah, he neither doubted nor asked.”

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3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْمُظَفَّرُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الْمُظَفَّرِ الْعَلَوِيُّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْخَيْرِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الدَّارِيِّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْإِذْخِرِيِّ-وَ كَانَ مِمَّنْ يَصْحَبُ مُوسَى بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)- أَنَّ مُوسَى أَخْبَرَهُ،أَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ أَكْثَمَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ مَسَائِلَ،فِيهَا:وَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَإِنْ كُنْتَ فِي شَكٍّ مِمّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰا إِلَيْكَ فَسْئَلِ الَّذِينَ يَقْرَؤُنَ الْكِتٰابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مَنِ الْمُخَاطَبُ

Translation:

3- Ibn Babawayh said: Al-Muzaffar ibn Ja‘far ibn al-Muzaffar al-‘Alawi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, saying: Ja‘far ibn Muhammad ibn Mas‘ud, from his father, said: ‘Ali ibn ‘Abdillah, from Bakr ibn Salih, from Abu al-Khayr, from Muhammad ibn Hassan, from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa, from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il al-Dari, from Muhammad ibn Sa‘id al-Idhkheri—who was among those who accompanied Musa ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Ali al-Rida (peace be upon him)—that Musa informed him that Yahya ibn Aktham wrote to him asking about questions, among them: “Inform me about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘But if you are in doubt as to what We have revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you’—who is being addressed?”

References:

_3) -الكافي 2:5/355.

al-Kāfī 2:5/355.

_4) -الكافي 2:8/370.

al-Kāfī 2:8/370.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:40/127.

Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:40/127.

_6) -الإختصاص:266.

al-Ikhtiṣāṣ: 266.

_7) -مجمع البيان 5:196.

Majma‘ al-Bayān 5:196.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:315.

Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:315.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:316.

Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:316.

_3) -علل الشرائع:1/129.

‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘ 1:129.

Qur’anic cross-references:

[1] الشعراء 26:62.

al-Shu‘arā’ 26:62.

[2] الحمأة:الطين الأسود المنتن.«القاموس المحيط-حمأ-1:14».

al-ḥama’ah: al-ṭīn al-aswad al-muntin. “al-Qāmūs al-Muḥīṭ – Ḥama’ – 1:14”.

[3] نسبة إلى جدّه عبدوس،و و عبد الواحد بن محمّد بن عبدوس،انظر معجم رجال الحديث 11:36 و ما بعدها.

nisbatan ilā jaddihi ‘Abdūs, wa ‘Abd al-Wāḥid ibn Muḥammad ibn ‘Abdūs; unẓur Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 11:36 wa mā ba‘dahā.

[1] غافر 40:84-85.

Ghāfir 40:84-85.

[2] الأنعام 6:158.

al-An‘ām 6:158.

[3] النجوة:المكان المرتفع.«لسان العرب-نجا-15:305».

al-najwah: al-makān al-murtafi‘. “Lisān al-‘Arab – Naja – 15:305”.

[4] طه 20:43-44.

Ṭā Hā 20:43-44.

[1] طه 20:43-44.

Ṭā Hā 20:43-44.

[2] في«ط»:كان إذا يتذكر أو يخشى قريشا يقول لهم قولا لينا،قال:و إنّما أمره.

fī “Ṭ”: kāna idhā yatadhakkaru aw yakhshā Qurayshan yaqūlu lahum qawlan layyinan, qāla: wa innamā amarah.

[3] فصّلت 41:34-35.

Fuṣṣilat 41:34-35.

[4] الرّمكّة:الأنثى من البراذين.«الصحاح-رمك-4:1588».

al-ramakkah: al-unthā min al-barādhīn. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ – Ramak – 4:1588”.

[5] ساقة الجيش:مؤخّره.«الصحاح-سوق-4:1499».

sāqat al-jaysh: mu’akhkhiruhu. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ – Sūq – 4:1499”.

[6] الماديانة:الرّمكّة.

al-mādiyānah: al-ramakkah.

[7] تأتي في تفسير الآيات(10-63)من سورة الشعراء.

ta’tī fī tafsīr al-āyāt (10-63) min Sūrat al-Shu‘arā’.

[1] في المصدر زيادة:ما يشاء.

fī al-maṣdar ziyādah: mā yashā’.

[2] يونس 10:95.

Yūnus 10:95.

[3] في«ط»:الحسن.

fī “Ṭ”: al-Ḥasan.