Al-Hajj Ayah 45

الحجّ آيه 45

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ جَدِّهِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)خَاصَّةً:

أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقٰاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا وَ إِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَلىٰ نَصْرِهِمْ لَقَدِيرٌ* اَلَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا مِنْ دِيٰارِهِمْ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ إِلاّٰ أَنْ يَقُولُوا رَبُّنَا اللّٰهُ -ثُمَّ تَلاَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى- وَ لِلّٰهِ عٰاقِبَةُ الْأُمُورِ».

Translation: Musa b. Ja‘far, from his father, from his grandfather (peace be upon them), said: “This verse was revealed specifically about the Family of Muhammad (peace be upon them): Permission (to fight) is given to those upon whom war is made because they are oppressed, and most surely Allah is well able to assist them; Those who have been expelled from their homes without a just cause except that they say: Our Lord is Allah — then he recited up to His saying, And the end of affairs is with Allah.” [Quran 22:39–41, M. H. Shakir]

99-/7369 _6- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): « اَلَّذِينَ إِنْ مَكَّنّٰاهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَقٰامُوا الصَّلاٰةَ وَ آتَوُا الزَّكٰاةَ فَهَذِهِ لِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ،وَ الْمَهْدِيِّ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) يُمَلِّكُهُمُ اللَّهُ مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَ مَغَارِبَهَا،وَ يُظْهِرُ الدِّينَ،وَ يُمِيتُ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَ بِأَصْحَابِهِ الْبِدَعَ وَ الْبَاطِلَ كَمَا أَمَاتَ السَّفَهَةُ الْحَقَّ،حَتَّى لاَ يُرَى أَثَرٌ لِلظُّلْمِ،وَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ،وَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ».

Translation: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: In the narration of Abu’l-Jarud from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him): “Those who, if We establish them in the land, keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate — this refers to the Family of Muhammad (peace be upon them) to the end of the verse; and about the Mahdi and his companions (peace be upon him), Allah will grant them dominion over the Easts and Wests of the earth, will manifest the religion, and Allah will, through him and his companions, eradicate innovations and falsehood just as the foolish had caused the truth to die out, until no trace of injustice is seen; and they enjoin right and forbid wrong.” [Alluding to Quran 22:41, M. H. Shakir]

قوله تعالى:

فَكَأَيِّنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنٰاهٰا -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ قَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ [45]

Translation: His saying, the Exalted: So how many a town did We destroy while it was unjust, so it is fallen down upon its roofs, and (how many a) deserted well and lofty castle! [Quran 22:45, M. H. Shakir]

/7370 _1- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:و أمّا قوله: فَكَأَيِّنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنٰاهٰا وَ هِيَ ظٰالِمَةٌ فَهِيَ خٰاوِيَةٌ عَلىٰ عُرُوشِهٰا العروش:سقف البيت و حولها و جوانبها.

قال:و أمّا قوله: وَ بِئْرٍ مُعَطَّلَةٍ وَ قَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ قال:هو مثل جرى لآل محمد(عليهم السلام)؛قوله: وَ بِئْرٍ مُعَطَّلَةٍ :هي التي لا يستقى منها،و هو الإمام الذي قد غاب فلا يقتبس منه العلم إلى وقت ظهوره[2]،و القصر المشيد:هو المرتفع،و هو مثل لأمير المؤمنين و الأئمة(عليهم السلام)،و فضائلهم[3] المنتشرة في العالمين،المشرفة على الدنيا،و تستطار ثمّ تشرق على الدنيا[4]،و هو قوله: لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ[5] و قال الشاعر في ذلك:

بئر معطلة و قصر مشرف

مثل لآل محمّد مستطرف

فالقصر مجدهم الذي لا يرتقى

و البئر علمهم الذي لا ينزف[6]

Translation: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: As for His saying, So how many a town did We destroy while it was unjust, so it is fallen down upon its roofs — “roofs” are the house’s ceiling and what surrounds it, its sides. And as for His saying, and (how many a) deserted well and lofty castle, he said: “This is a parable that occurred for the Family of Muhammad (peace be upon them). His saying, and (how many a) deserted well: it is that from which water is not drawn — that is the Imam who has gone into occultation, so knowledge is not taken from him until the time of his appearance [2]. And the lofty castle: that which is elevated — it is a parable for the Commander of the Faithful and the Imams (peace be upon them), and their virtues [3] spread throughout the worlds, overlooking the world, diffusing and then shining upon the world [4]; and it is His saying, that He may make it prevail over all religion [5].” And the poet said regarding that:

“A deserted well and a lofty palace—

A fresh parable for the Family of Muhammad.

The palace is their glory which none can reach,

And the well is their knowledge which never runs dry [6].”»

99-/7371 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ،وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْبَجَلِيِّ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ بِئْرٍ مُعَطَّلَةٍ وَ قَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ ،قَالَ:«الْبِئْرُ الْمُعَطَّلَةُ:اَلْإِمَامُ الصَّامِتُ،وَ الْقَصْرُ الْمَشِيدُ:اَلْإِمَامُ النَّاطِقُ».

Translation: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from Muhammad b. al-Hasan and ‘Ali b. Muhammad, from Sahl b. Ziyad, from Musa b. al-Qasim al-Bajali, from ‘Ali b. Ja‘far, from his brother Musa b. Ja‘far (peace be upon them both), regarding His saying, and (how many a) deserted well and lofty castle: “The deserted well is the silent Imam, and the lofty castle is the speaking Imam.” [Quran 22:45]

99-/7372 _3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يُونُسَ اللَّيْثِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْكُوفِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ بِئْرٍ مُعَطَّلَةٍ وَ قَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ ،قَالَ:«الْبِئْرُ الْمُعَطَّلَةُ:اَلْإِمَامُ الصَّامِتُ، وَ الْقَصْرُ الْمَشِيدُ:اَلْإِمَامُ النَّاطِقُ».

Translation: Ibn Babawayh said: Muhammad b. Ibrahim b. Ahmad b. Yunus al-Laythi narrated to us, who said: Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Sa‘id al-Kufi narrated to us, who said: ‘Ali b. al-Hasan b. Faddal narrated to us, from his father, from Ibrahim b. Ziyad, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: and (how many a) deserted well and lofty castle. He said: “The deserted well is the silent Imam, and the lofty castle is the speaking Imam.” [Quran 22:45]

99-/7373 _4- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ نَصْرِ بْنِ قَابُوسَ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ بِئْرٍ مُعَطَّلَةٍ وَ قَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ ،قَالَ:«الْبِئْرُ الْمُعَطَّلَةُ:اَلْإِمَامُ الصَّامِتُ، وَ الْقَصْرُ الْمَشِيدُ:اَلْإِمَامُ النَّاطِقُ».

Translation: And from him, he said: My father (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to me, who said: Ahmad b. Idris narrated to us, from Muhammad b. Ahmad b. Yahya, from ‘Ali b. al-Sindi, from Muhammad b. ‘Amr, from some of our companions, from Nasr b. Qabus, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: and (how many a) deserted well and lofty castle. He said: “The deserted well is the silent Imam, and the lofty castle is the speaking Imam.” [Quran 22:45]

/7374 _5- و عنه،قال:حدّثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي السمرقندي(رحمه اللّه)،قال:حدّثنا جعفر بن محمّد بن مسعود،عن أبيه،إسحاق بن محمّد،قال:أخبرني محمّد بن الحسن بن شمون،عن عبد اللّه بن عبد الرحمن الأصمّ،عن عبد اللّه بن القاسم البطل،عن صالح بن سهل،أنه قال:أمير المؤمنين(عليه السلام)هو القصر المشيد،و البئر المعطلة:فاطمة و ولدها(عليهم السلام)،معطلين من الملك.

و قال محمّد بن الحسن بن أبي خالد الأشعري،معطلين بشنبولة.

بئر معطلة و قصر مشرف

مثل لآل محمّد مستطرف

فالناطق القصر المشيد منهم

و الصامت البئر التي لا تنزف

Translation: And from him, he said: Al-Muzaffar b. Ja‘far b. al-Muzaffar al-‘Alawi al-Samarqandi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to us, who said: Ja‘far b. Muhammad b. Mas‘ud narrated to us, from his father, Ishaq b. Muhammad, who said: Muhammad b. al-Hasan b. Shammun informed me, from ‘Abdullah b. ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Asamm, from ‘Abdullah b. al-Qasim al-Batal, from Salih b. Sahl, that he said: “The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) is the lofty castle, and the deserted well is Fatimah and her children (peace be upon them), set aside from kingship.” And Muhammad b. al-Hasan b. Abi Khalid al-Ash‘ari said: “Set aside in Shanbula.”

“A deserted well and a lofty palace—

A fresh parable for the Family of Muhammad.

Among them, the speaking one is the lofty castle,

And the silent one is the well that never runs dry.”

99-/7375 _6- سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الزَّيَّاتِ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ،عَنْ نَصْرِ بْنِ قَابُوسَ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ ظِلٍّ مَمْدُودٍ* وَ مٰاءٍ مَسْكُوبٍ* وَ فٰاكِهَةٍ كَثِيرَةٍ* لاٰ مَقْطُوعَةٍ وَ لاٰ مَمْنُوعَةٍ[1] قَالَ:«يَا نَصْرُ،إِنَّهُ-وَ اللَّهِ-لَيْسَ حَيْثُ يَذْهَبُ النَّاسُ،إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْعَالِمُ[2] وَ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ».

Translation: Sa‘d b. ‘Abdullah, from ‘Ali b. Isma‘il b. ‘Isa, from Muhammad b. ‘Amr b. Sa‘id al-Zayyat, from some of his companions, from Nasr b. Qabus, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: And extended shade, And flowing water, And abundant fruit, Neither intercepted nor forbidden. He said: “O Nasr, by Allah, it is not as people suppose; rather, it is the scholar [2] and what issues from him.” [Quran 56:30–33, M. H. Shakir; note: in some copies: ‘knowledge’]

وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ بِئْرٍ مُعَطَّلَةٍ وَ قَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ قَالَ:«الْبِئْرُ الْمُعَطَّلَةُ:اَلْإِمَامُ الصَّامِتُ،وَ الْقَصْرُ الْمَشِيدُ:اَلْإِمَامُ النَّاطِقُ».

Translation: And I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: and (how many a) deserted well and lofty castle. He said: “The deserted well is the silent Imam, and the lofty castle is the speaking Imam.” [Quran 22:45]

99-/7376 _7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ بِئْرٍ مُعَطَّلَةٍ وَ قَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):اَلْقَصْرُ الْمَشِيدُ،وَ الْبِئْرُ الْمُعَطَّلَةُ:فَاطِمَةُ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ)وَ وَلَدُهَا،مُعَطَّلُونَ مِنَ الْمُلْكِ».

Translation: Muhammad b. al-‘Abbas said: Al-Husayn b. ‘Amir narrated to us, from Muhammad b. al-Husayn, from al-Rabi‘ b. Muhammad, from Salih b. Sahl, who said: I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) say: “Allah’s saying, and (how many a) deserted well and lofty castle — the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) is the lofty castle, and the deserted well is Fatimah (peace be upon her) and her children, set aside from kingship.” [Quran 22:45]

99-/7377 _8- ابْنُ شَهْرِ آشُوبَ:عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ بِئْرٍ مُعَطَّلَةٍ وَ قَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ:«رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الْقَصْرُ الْمَشِيدُ،وَ الْبِئْرُ الْمُعَطَّلَةُ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

Translation: Ibn Shahr Ashub: from Ja‘far al-Sadiq (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, and (how many a) deserted well and lofty castle, that he said: “The Messenger of Allah (blessings of Allah be upon him and his Family) is the lofty castle, and the deserted well is ‘Ali (peace be upon him).” [Quran 22:45]

99-/7378 _9- عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ:عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الْبِئْرُ الْمُعَطَّلَةُ:اَلْإِمَامُ الصَّامِتُ،وَ الْقَصْرُ الْمَشِيدُ:

الْإِمَامُ النَّاطِقُ».

Translation: ‘Ali b. Ja‘far, from his brother Musa (peace be upon him), said: “The deserted well is the silent Imam, and the lofty castle is the speaking Imam.” [Quran 22:45]

قوله تعالى:

وَ يَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذٰابِ وَ لَنْ يُخْلِفَ اللّٰهُ وَعْدَهُ وَ إِنَّ يَوْماً عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ كَأَلْفِ سَنَةٍ مِمّٰا تَعُدُّونَ [47]

Translation: His saying, the Exalted: And they ask you to hasten on the punishment, and Allah will by no means fail in His promise; and surely a day with your Lord is as a thousand years of what you number. [Quran 22:47, M. H. Shakir]

/7379 _1- علي بن إبراهيم:و ذلك أن رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)أخبرهم أن العذاب قد أتاهم،فقالوا:فأين العذاب؟استعجلوه،فقال اللّه: وَ إِنَّ يَوْماً عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ كَأَلْفِ سَنَةٍ مِمّٰا تَعُدُّونَ .

Translation: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim: This is because the Messenger of Allah (blessings of Allah be upon him and his Family) informed them that the punishment had come upon them, so they said, “Where is the punishment?” — they sought to hasten it. So Allah said: And surely a day with your Lord is as a thousand years of what you number. [Quran 22:47]

99-/7380 _2- الشَّيْخُ فِي(أَمَالِيهِ)قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيِّ[1]،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ[2] الْمِنْقَرِيِّ،عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ): «إِذَا أَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ لاَ يَسْأَلَ اللَّهَ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ أَعْطَاهُ فَلْيَيْأَسْ مِنَ النَّاسِ كُلِّهِمْ،وَ لاَ يَكُونُ لَهُ رَجَاءٌ إِلاَّ مِنْ

Translation: The Shaykh, in his Amali, said: Muhammad b. Muhammad b. al-Nu‘man informed us, who said: Abu’l-Hasan Ahmad b. Muhammad b. al-Hasan b. al-Walid informed us, who said: My father narrated to me, who said: Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Saffar narrated to us, from ‘Ali b. Muhammad al-Qasani [1], from Sulayman b. Dawud [2] al-Minqari, from Hafs b. Ghiyath, who said: Abu ‘Abdillah Ja‘far b. Muhammad (peace be upon them both) said: “If one of you wants to ask nothing of Allah except that He gives it, then let him despair of all people, and let him place his hope in none but …

[The report continues beyond the provided excerpt.]

[Arabic footnotes and their transliteration]

_6) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:87.

-Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:87.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:85 و 87.

-Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:85 wa 87.

[1] سورة الحجّ 22:39 و 40.

-Sūrat al-Ḥajj 22:39 wa 40.

[2] (إلى وقت ظهوره)ليس في المصدر.

-(ilā waqt ẓuhūrihi) laysa fī al-maṣdar.

[3] في«ج،ي،ط»:و قضاياهم.

-fī “J, Y, Ṭ”: wa qaḍāyāhum.

[4] في المصدر:و فضائلهم المشرفة على الدنيا.

-fī al-maṣdar: wa faḍā’iluhum al-mushrifa ‘alā al-dunyā.

[5] التوبة 9:33،الفتح 48:28،الصف 61:9.

-al-Tawbah 9:33, al-Fatḥ 48:28, al-Ṣaff 61:9.

[6] أي لا يفنى.

-ayy lā yafna.

_2) -الكافي 1:75/353.

-al-Kāfī 1:75/353.

_3) -معاني الأخبار:1/111.

-Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār 1:111.

_4) -معاني الأخبار:2/111.

-Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār 2:111.

_5) -معاني الأخبار:3/111.

-Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār 3:111.

_6) -مختصر بصائر الدرجات:57.

-Mukhtaṣar Baṣā’ir al-Darajāt 57.

_7) -تأويل الآيات 1:26/344.

-Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:26/344.

_8) -المناقب 3:88.

-al-Manāqib 3:88.

_9) -المناقب 3:88.

-al-Manāqib 3:88.

[1] الظاهر أنّه سقط من سند الحديث القاسم بن محمّد،بدليل السند الآتي في ذيل هذا الحديث،و انظر:فهرست الطوسيّ:77،معجم رجال الحديث 12:173.

-[al-ẓāhir annahu saqaṭa min sanad al-ḥadīth al-Qāsim b. Muḥammad, bidalīl al-sanad al-ātī fī dhayl hādhā al-ḥadīth, wa unẓur: Fihrist al-Ṭūsī: 77, Ma‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 12:173.]

[2] في«ج،ي»:داود بن سليمان.

-fī “J, Y”: Dāwūd b. Sulaymān.

[Additional Quranic references (cited in-text)]

لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ

Translation: He it is Who sent His Messenger with the guidance and the religion of truth, that He might cause it to prevail over all religions. [Quran 9:33; 48:28; 61:9, M. H. Shakir]