131. The Boundary of the Ḥā’ir of Imām Husain (a.s.)
131. ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺣﺎﺋﺮ اﻣﺎم ﺣﺴﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم
ﺧﺪاوﻧﺪ ﻣﻨّﺎن اﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺖ دﻋﺎ را در ﺗﺤﺖ ﻗﺒّﻪ ي اﻣﺎم ﺣﺴﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻗﺮار داده اﺳﺖ(1). ﻋﻠﯽ اﺑﻦ اﺳﺒﺎط ﮐﻪ از اﺻﺤﺎب اﻣﺎم رﺿﺎ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم ﺑﻮد در ﮐﺘﺎب »ﻧﻮادر« ﻣﯽ ﻧﻮﯾﺴﺪ:
ﭘﺲ از اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺧﺒﺮ ﺷـﻬﺎدت ﺟﺎﻧﮕﺪاز اﻣﺎم ﺣﺴـﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم ، ﯾﮏ ﺻﺪ ﻫﺰار زن ﻧﺎزا، از اﻗﻄﺎر و اﮐﻨﺎف ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﻼم ﺑﻪ زﯾﺎرت ﻗﺒﺮ ﺷﺮﯾﻒ آن ﺣﻀﺮت آﻣﺪﻧﺪ، ﻣﺘﻮﺳّﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﻫﻤﻪ ﺷﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﮐﺖ ﺗﻮﺳّﻞ ﺑﻪ آن ﺣﻀﺮت ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ(2).
ﻣﺮﺣﻮم ﻧﺠﺎﺷﯽ ﺑﺮ وﺛﺎﻗﺖ وي ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ(3).
اﻣﺎم ﻫﺎدي ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻫﺮ وﻗﺖ ﻣﺮﯾﺾ ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪ، ﻣﯽ ﻓﺮﻣﻮد: ﮐﺴﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﺋﺮ ﺣﺴﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻔﺮﺳﺘﯿﺪ(4).
اﺑﻮﻫﺎﺷﻢ ﺟﻌﻔﺮي ﮔﻮﯾﺪ: اﻣﺎم ﻫﺎدي ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻣﺮﯾﺾ ﺑﻮد، ﻣﻦ و ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻤﺰه ﺑﻪ ﻋﯿﺎدت رﻓﺘﯿﻢ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﻮد: ﺟﻤﻌﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﺋﺮ ﺑﻔﺮﺳﺘﯿﺪ.
ﭼﻮن ﺑﯿﺮون آﻣـﺪﯾﻢ، ﻣﺤﻤـﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻤﺰه ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﮔﻔﺖ: اﻣـﺎم ﻫـﺎدي ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم ﺧﻮد اﻣـﺎم ﻣﻔﺘﺮض اﻟﻄّـﺎﻋﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨـﺪ اﻣﺎم ﺣﺴـﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، وﻟﯽ ﻣﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﺋﺮ ﻣﯽ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺪ.
ﻣﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺣﻀﺮت رﺳﯿﺪم و اﯾﻦ ﺳﺨﻦ را ﺑﻪ ﺣﻀﺮت ﻋﺮض ﮐﺮدم، ﻓﺮﻣﻮد:
215 :ص
-1 .1 ﺷﯿﺦ ﻃﻮﺳﯽ، اﻷﻣﺎﻟﯽ، ج 1، ص .317
-2 .1 ﻋﻠﯽ اﺑﻦ اﺳﺒﺎط، اﻟﻨّﻮادر، ص .123 )در ﺿﻤﻦ اﻻﺻﻮل اﻟﺴّﺘّﻪ ﻋﺸﺮ.( -3 .2 ﻧﺠﺎﺷﯽ، اﻟﺮﺟﺎل، ص .252
-4 .3 ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯽ، اﻟﮑﺎﻓﯽ، ج 4، ص .567
131. The Boundary of the Ḥā’ir of Imām Husain (a.s.)
Allah, the Bestower of Favors, has placed the acceptance of supplications under the dome of Imām Husain (a.s.).¹
ʿAlī ibn Asbāṭ, who was among the companions of Imām al-Riḍā (a.s.), writes in the book Nawādir:
After the heartbreaking news of the martyrdom of Imām Husain (a.s.) spread, one hundred thousand barren women from all corners of the Islamic world came to visit the noble grave of that master. They sought his intercession, and through the blessing of their turning to him, all of them were granted children.²
Marḥūm al-Najāshī emphasized his (ʿAlī ibn Asbāṭ’s) reliability.³
Whenever Imām al-Hādī (a.s.) would fall ill, he would say: “Send someone to the Ḥā’ir of Husain.”⁴
Abū Hāshim al-Jaʿfarī says: Imām al-Hādī (a.s.) was ill. Muḥammad ibn Ḥamzah and I went to visit him. He said to us: “Send a group to the Ḥā’ir.”
When we came out, Muḥammad ibn Ḥamzah said to me: “Imām al-Hādī (a.s.) himself is an Imam whose obedience is obligatory, just like Imām Husain (a.s.), yet he sends us to the Ḥā’ir.”
I went to the presence of the Imām and conveyed this remark to him. He replied:
References:
1. Shaykh al-Ṭūsī, al-Amālī, vol. 1, p. 317
2. ʿAlī ibn Asbāṭ, al-Nawādir, p. 123 (within al-Uṣūl al-Sittah ʿAshar)
3. al-Najāshī, al-Rijāl, p. 252
4. al-Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 4, p. 567
اﯾﻦ ﻃﻮر ﻧﯿﺴﺖ، ﺧﺪاوﻧـﺪ ﺑﻘﻌﻪ ﻫـﺎﯾﯽ دارد ﮐﻪ دوﺳﺖ دارد ﮐﻪ در آﻧﻬـﺎ ﻋﺒـﺎدت ﺷﻮد، ﯾﮑﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﺑﻘﻌﻪ ﻫـﺎ ﺣﺎﺋﺮ اﻣﺎم ﺣﺴـﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ(1).
ﻗـﺪر ﻣﺴـﻠّﻢ از ﺣـﺎﺋﺮ اﻣﺎم ﺣﺴـﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم زﯾﺮ ﮔﻨﺒـﺪ و اﻃﺮاف ﺿـﺮﯾﺢ آن ﺣﻀـﺮت ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ، ﮐﻪ ﺣـﺪوداً از ﻫﺮ ﻃﺮف ده ﻣﺘﺮ )ﺑﯿﺴﺖ ذراع( ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ(2).
در ﺣـﺪﯾﺚ دﯾﮕﺮي از اﻣﺎم ﺻﺎدق ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم ﺑﯿﺴﺖ و ﭘﻨـﺞ ذراع از ﻫﺮ ﻃﺮف ﺑﯿﺎن ﺷﺪه(3) ، ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺣﺮم ﻣﻄﻬﺮ ﺗﺎ ﺣـﺪود ﻗﺒﺮ ﺟﻨﺎب ﺣﺒﯿﺐ از ﻃﺮف ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﺮ و ﻗﺒﻮر
ﺷﻬﺪا از ﻃﺮف ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﭘﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
در ﺣﺪﯾﺚ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺣﺮﯾﻢ ﻗﺒﺮ اﻣﺎم ﺣﺴـﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم ﯾﮏ ﻓﺮﺳﺦ در ﯾﮏ ﻓﺮﺳﺦ ﺑﯿﺎن ﺷﺪه و آن ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻣﺎم ﺣﺴﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ورود ﺑﻪ ﮐﺮﺑﻼ آن ﻗﺴﻤﺖ را ﺧﺮﯾﺪاري ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ(4).
ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳـﺎس زﯾﺮ ﮔﻨﺒـﺪ اﺷـﺮف ﺑﻘـﺎع ﻋـﺎﻟﻢ اﺳﺖ و ﻣﺤـﺪوده ﺣﺮم در رﺗﺒﻪ ي دوم و ﺷـﻬﺮ ﮐﺮﺑﻼ در رﺗﺒﻪ ي ﺳﻮم، ﺷـﺮاﻓﺖﺧﺎصّ ﺧﻮدش را دارد.
ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس رواﯾﺎت ﻫﺮ ﻓﺮدي از دوﺳﺘﺎن اﻫﻞ ﺑﯿﺖ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ اﻟﺴﻼم در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﺪوده دﻓﻦ ﺷﻮد، از ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﻋﺬاب ﻫﺎي ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﺮزخ در اﻣﺎن ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد(5).
ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس رواﯾﺎت، اﻣﺎم ﺣﺴـﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم از ﻃﺮف راﺳﺖ ﻋﺮش ﺧـﺪا ﺑﻪ ﻗﺘﻠﮕﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ، ﺑﻪ زاﺋﺮاﻧﺶ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ(6) ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﯾﻪ ﮐﻦ ﻫﺎﯾﺶ ﺗﻮﺟّﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ و ﺑﺮاي آﻧﻬﺎ اﺳﺘﻐﻔﺎر ﻣﯽ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﯾﺪ(7).
ﻋﻼﻣﻪ ﺳـﻤﺎوي در ﮐﺘﺎب »ﻣﺠﺎﻟﯽ اﻟﻠّﻄﻒ« ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺟﺎﻟﺒﯽ ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮن ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺣﺎﺋﺮ دارد ﮐﻪ از ﺳﻮي ﻋﺘﺒﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺳـﯿّﻪ ﭼﺎپ و ﻣﻨﺘﺸـﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
216 :ص
-1 .4 اﺑﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻮﯾﻪ، ﮐﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺰﯾﺎرات، ص .274
-2 .5 ﺷﯿﺦ ﻃﻮﺳﯽ، ﺗﻬﺬﯾﺐ اﻷﺣﮑﺎم، ج 6، ص .72 -3 .6 اﺑﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻮﯾﻪ، ﻫﻤﺎن.
-4 .1 ﻣﺤﺪث ﻧﻮري، ﻣﺴﺘﺪرك وﺳﺎﺋﻞ، ج 10، ص .321 -5 .2 ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﺪوق، اﻷﻣﺎﻟﯽ، ص .118
-6 .3 ﻋﻼﻣﻪ ﻣﺠﻠﺴﯽ، ﺑﺤﺎراﻷﻧﻮار، ج .44/281 -7 .4 ﺷﯿﺦ ﻃﻮﺳﯽ، اﻷﻣﺎﻟﯽ، ج 1، ص .55
It is not like that. Allah has certain sanctified spots where He loves to be worshipped, and one of these sanctified places is the Ḥā’ir of Imām Husain (a.s.).¹
The generally accepted extent of the Ḥā’ir of Imām Husain (a.s.) is beneath the dome and the surrounding area of the sacred shrine, approximately ten meters (twenty cubits) in every direction.²
In another narration from Imām al-Ṣādiq (a.s.), it is described as twenty-five cubits in each direction,³ which includes the sacred sanctuary up to the area of Ḥabīb’s grave from the head side and the graves of the martyrs from the foot side.
In another narration, the sacred boundary (ḥarīm) of Imām Husain’s grave is described as one farsakh by one farsakh – this is the area that Imām Husain (a.s.) purchased when he entered Karbalā’.⁴
Based on this, the area beneath the dome is the most honored spot in the world; the ḥaram (sanctuary) holds the second rank, and the city of Karbalā’ holds the third, each possessing its own special sanctity.
According to narrations, anyone from among the friends of Ahl al-Bayt (‘alayhim al-salām) who is buried within this area will be safe from many of the torments of the Barzakh (the intermediate realm).⁵
Narrations also state that Imām Husain (a.s.) looks upon his place of martyrdom from the right side of the Divine Throne, bestows special attention to his visitors,⁶ gives special consideration to his mourners, and seeks forgiveness on their behalf.⁷
ʿAllāmah Samāwī has conducted a remarkable investigation regarding the boundary of the Ḥā’ir in his book Majālī al-Laṭf, which has been printed and published by the ʿAtabah ʿAbbāsiyyah.
References:
1. Ibn Qūlawayh, Kāmil al-Ziyārāt, p. 274
2. Shaykh al-Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām, vol. 6, p. 72
3. Ibn Qūlawayh, same source
4. Muḥaddith Nūrī, Mustadrak al-Wasāʾil, vol. 10, p. 321
5. Shaykh Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, p. 118
6. ʿAllāmah al-Majlisī, Biḥār al-Anwār, vol. 44, p. 281
7. Shaykh al-Ṭūsī, al-Amālī, vol. 1, p. 55