Al-Kahf Ayah 47-49

بِخَيْرٍ مَا أَبْقَى اللَّهُ لَنَا مَوَدَّتَكُمْ قَالَ:«يَا حُصَيْنُ،لاَ تَسْتَصْغِرَنَّ مَوَدَّتَنَا،فَإِنَّهَا مِنَ الْبَاقِيَاتِ الصَّالِحَاتِ». فَقَالَ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،مَا أَسْتَصْغِرُهَا،وَ لَكِنْ أَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهَا،لِقَوْلِهِمْ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ):«مَنْ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ فَلْيَقُلْ:اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى أَوْلَى النِّعَمِ». قِيلَ وَ مَا أَوْلَى النِّعَمِ؟قَالَ:«وَلاَيَتُنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ».

May God keep for us the best of your love. He said: “O Husayn, never deem our love insignificant, for it is among the enduring good deeds.” He replied: “O son of the Messenger of God, I do not deem it insignificant; rather, I praise God for it, because of their saying (peace be upon them all): ‘Whoever praises God should say: Praise be to God for the foremost of blessings.’” It was asked: And what is the foremost of blessings? He said: “Our walāyah, we the People of the Household.”

قوله تعالى: وَ حَشَرْنٰاهُمْ فَلَمْ نُغٰادِرْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ يَقُولُونَ يٰا وَيْلَتَنٰا مٰا لِهٰذَا الْكِتٰابِ لاٰ يُغٰادِرُ صَغِيرَةً وَ لاٰ كَبِيرَةً إِلاّٰ أَحْصٰاهٰا وَ وَجَدُوا مٰا عَمِلُوا حٰاضِراً وَ لاٰ يَظْلِمُ رَبُّكَ أَحَداً [47-49]

Quran 18:47-49 (M. H. Shakir):

18:47 And the day on which We will remove the mountains and you shall see the earth a leveled plain, and We will gather them and leave not any one of them behind.

18:48 And they shall be brought before your Lord, standing in ranks: Now certainly you have come to Us as We created you at first; nay, you thought that We would not bring about the appointment.

18:49 And the Book shall be placed; then you will see the guilty fearing from what is in it, and they will say: Ah! woe to us! what a book is this! it does not omit a small one nor a great one, but numbers them all; and what they had done they shall find present (there); and your Lord does not deal unjustly with anyone.

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «مَا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَ يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ مِنْ كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ فَوْجاً؟».قُلْتُ:يَقُولُونَ:إِنَّهَا فِي الْقِيَامَةِ. قَالَ:أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«لَيْسَ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ،إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ،يَحْشُرُ اللَّهُ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ مِنْ كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ فَوْجاً وَ يَدَعُ الْبَاقِينَ؟!إِنَّمَا آيَةُ الْقِيَامَةِ قَوْلُهُ: وَ حَشَرْنٰاهُمْ فَلَمْ نُغٰادِرْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً».

99-/6692 _1- Imam Ja‘far al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: “What do people say about this verse: ‘And the day We shall gather from every nation a group’?” I said: They say it is about the Resurrection. Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “It is not as they say; rather, that is in the Raj‘ah (the Return). Would God, on the Day of Resurrection, gather from every nation a group and leave the rest?! The Resurrection verse is His saying: ‘And We shall gather them and not leave out any one of them.’”

الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ نَجِيحٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ دُفِعَ إِلَى الْإِنْسَانِ كِتَابُهُ،ثُمَّ قِيلَ لَهُ:اِقْرَأْ». قُلْتُ:فَيَعْرِفُ مَا فِيهِ؟فَقَالَ:«إِنَّهُ يَذْكُرُهُ،فَمَا مِنْ لَحْظَةٍ وَ لاَ كَلِمَةٍ وَ لاَ نَقْلِ قَدَمٍ وَ لاَ شَيْءٍ فَعَلَهُ إِلاَّ ذَكَرَهُ،كَأَنَّهُ فَعَلَهُ تِلْكَ السَّاعَةَ،فَلِذَلِكَ قَالُوا: يٰا وَيْلَتَنٰا مٰا لِهٰذَا الْكِتٰابِ لاٰ يُغٰادِرُ صَغِيرَةً وَ لاٰ كَبِيرَةً إِلاّٰ أَحْصٰاهٰا».

99-/6693 _2- Al-‘Ayyāshī, from Khālid b. Najīh, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), said: “When the Day of Resurrection comes, a person’s book will be handed to him, and then it will be said to him: ‘Read.’” I said: Will he understand what is in it? He said: “He will remember it; there is not a glance, nor a word, nor a step taken, nor anything he did except that he will remember it as if he did it at that very moment. For this reason they will say: ‘Ah! woe to us! what a book is this! it does not omit a small one nor a great one, but numbers them all.’”

عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ نَجِيحٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: اِقْرَأْ كِتٰابَكَ كَفىٰ بِنَفْسِكَ الْيَوْمَ،قَالَ:«يَذَّكَّرُ الْعَبْدُ جَمِيعَ مَا عَمِلَ وَ مَا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِ كَأَنَّهُ فَعَلَهُ تِلْكَ السَّاعَةَ،فَلِذَلِكَ قَالُوا: يٰا وَيْلَتَنٰا مٰا لِهٰذَا الْكِتٰابِ لاٰ يُغٰادِرُ صَغِيرَةً وَ لاٰ كَبِيرَةً إِلاّٰ أَحْصٰاهٰا».

99-/6694 _3- From Khālid b. Najīh, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “Read your book; your own self suffices today as a reckoner,” he said: “The servant will recall everything he did and all that was recorded against him as if he had done it at that very moment. For this reason they will say: ‘Ah! woe to us! what a book is this! it does not omit a small one nor a great one, but numbers them all.’”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:24. - Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:24.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:34/328. - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:34/328.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:35/328. - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:35/328.

[1] في«ق»و«ط»:أوّل،في الموضعين. - fī “Q” wa “T”: awwal, fī al-mawḍi‘ayn.

[2] النمل 27:83. - al-Naml 27:83.

[3] الإسراء 17:14. - al-Isrā’ 17:14.

وَ عُرِضُوا عَلىٰ رَبِّكَ صَفًّا إلى قوله: مَوْعِداً فهو مُحْكَم. و سيأتي-إن شاء اللّه تعالى-حديث المحشر،في قوله تعالى: وَ أَشْرَقَتِ الْأَرْضُ بِنُورِ رَبِّهٰا وَ وُضِعَ الْكِتٰابُ من آخر سورة الزمر.

/6695 _4- ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: “And they shall be brought before your Lord, in ranks, up to His saying, ‘an appointed time’—this is Muhkam (decisive). And, God willing, the hadith about the Gathering will come under His saying: ‘And the earth shall beam with the light of its Lord, and the Book shall be placed,’ at the end of Sūrat al-Zumar.”

وَ وُضِعَ الْكِتٰابُ فَتَرَى الْمُجْرِمِينَ مُشْفِقِينَ مِمّٰا فِيهِ -إلى قوله تعالى:- وَ لاٰ يَظْلِمُ رَبُّكَ أَحَداً قال:يجدون كل ما عملوا مكتوبا.

/6696 _5- And regarding His saying: “And the Book shall be placed, then you will see the guilty fearing from what is in it … and your Lord does not deal unjustly with anyone,” he said: “They will find everything they did written down.”

قوله تعالى: وَ إِذْ قُلْنٰا لِلْمَلاٰئِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِآدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلاّٰ إِبْلِيسَ كٰانَ مِنَ الْجِنِّ [50]

Quran 18:50 (M. H. Shakir): And when We said to the angels: Make obeisance to Adam; they made obeisance but Iblis (did it not). He was of the jinn, so he transgressed the commandment of his Lord. What! would you then take him and his offspring for friends rather than Me, and they are your enemies? Evil is (this) change for the unjust.

ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ الْمُفَسِّرُ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْجُرْجَانِيِّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ،عَنْ أَبَوَيْهِمَا،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلِيٍّ الرِّضَا،عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)-فِي حَدِيثٍ-قَالاَ: قُلْنَا لَهُ:فَعَلَى هَذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ إِبْلِيسُ(لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ)أَيْضاً مَلَكاً. فَقَالَ:«لاَ،بَلْ كَانَ مِنَ الْجِنِّ،أَ مَا تَسْمَعَانِ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: وَ إِذْ قُلْنٰا لِلْمَلاٰئِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِآدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلاّٰ إِبْلِيسَ كٰانَ مِنَ الْجِنِّ فَأَخْبَرَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ مِنَ الْجِنِّ،وَ هُوَ الَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَ الْجَانَّ خَلَقْنٰاهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ مِنْ نٰارِ السَّمُومِ». و الحديث طويل ذكرناه في قوله تعالى: وَ اتَّبَعُوا مٰا تَتْلُوا الشَّيٰاطِينُ عَلىٰ مُلْكِ سُلَيْمٰانَ.

99-/6697 _1- Ibn Bābawayh said: Muhammad b. al-Qāsim, the exegete known as Abū al-Hasan al-Jurjānī (may God be pleased with him), narrated to us, saying: Yusuf b. Muhammad b. Ziyād and ‘Alī b. Muhammad b. Sayyār, from their two fathers, from al-Hasan b. ‘Alī, from his father ‘Alī b. Muhammad, from his father Muhammad b. ‘Alī, from his father ‘Alī al-Ridā, from his father Mūsā b. Ja‘far, from his father al-Sādiq Ja‘far b. Muhammad (peace be upon them)—in a hadith—said: We said to him: “On this basis, Iblīs (may God curse him) was not an angel either?” He said: “No, rather he was of the jinn. Do you not hear that God, Exalted is He, says: ‘And when We said to the angels: Make obeisance to Adam; they made obeisance but Iblis (did it not). He was of the jinn’? So He, Mighty and Majestic, informed that he was of the jinn; and he is the one of whom God Most High said: ‘And the jinn We created before from intensely hot fire.’” And the hadith is long; we mentioned it under His saying: “And they followed what the devils recited during the kingdom of Solomon.”

الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ إِبْلِيسَ،أَ كَانَ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ؟وَ هَلْ كَانَ يَلِي مِنْ أَمْرِ السَّمَاءِ شَيْئاً؟ قَالَ:«إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَلِي مِنْ أَمْرِ السَّمَاءِ شَيْئاً،كَانَ مِنَ الْجِنِّ،وَ كَانَ مَعَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،وَ كَانَتِ…»

99-/6698 _2- Al-‘Ayyāshī, from Jamīl b. Darrāj, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), said: I asked him about Iblīs: Was he one of the angels? Did he have any charge over the affairs of heaven? He said: “He was not one of the angels, nor did he have any charge over the affairs of heaven. He was of the jinn, and he was with the angels, and there were…” [the report continues].

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:36. - Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:36.

_5) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:37. - Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:37.

_1) -عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام)1:1/270. - ‘Uyūn Akhbār al-Ridā (alayhi al-salām) 1:1/270.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:36/328. - Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:36/328.

[1] يأتي في الحديث(2)من تفسير الآية(9)من سورة الزمر. - ya’tī fī al-ḥadīth (2) min tafsīr al-āyah (9) min Sūrat al-Zumar.

[2] الحجر 15:27. - al-Ḥijr 15:27.

[3] تقدّم في الحديث(1)من تفسير الآية(102)من سورة البقرة. - taqaddama fī al-ḥadīth (1) min tafsīr al-āyah (102) min Sūrat al-Baqarah.