S 93 Ayat 1 to 5

قوله تعالى:

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَ الضُّحىٰ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضىٰ [1-5]

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. By the forenoon, And the night when it is still, Your Lord has not forsaken you, nor has He become displeased, And surely what comes after is better for you than that which has gone before. And soon will your Lord give you so that you shall be well pleased.

/11700 _1-علي بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: وَ الضُّحىٰ قال:[الضحى]إذا ارتفعت الشمس وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذٰا سَجىٰ ،قال:إذا أظلم،قوله: مٰا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَ مٰا قَلىٰ ،قال:لم يبغضك،فقال يصف تفضله عليه:

وَ لَلْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنَ الْأُولىٰ* وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضىٰ .

99-/11700

ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm, regarding the saying of Allah the Exalted: "By the forenoon", said: [The forenoon] is when the sun rises high. "And the night when it is still", he said: when it becomes dark. As for His saying: "Your Lord has not forsaken you, nor has He become displeased", he said: He has not abhorred you. Then He described His bounty upon him: "And surely what comes after is better for you than that which has gone before, and soon will your Lord give you so that you shall be well pleased."

99-/11701 _2- ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ لَلْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنَ الْأُولىٰ ،قَالَ:«يَعْنِي الْكَرَّةَ هِيَ الْآخِرَةُ لِلنَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».[قُلْتُ]قَوْلُهُ: وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضىٰ ، [قَالَ]:«يُعْطِيكَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى تَرْضَى [1]».

99-/11701

Then ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm said: Jaʿfar ibn Aḥmad narrated to us, he said: ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Mūsā narrated to us, from al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ḥamzah, from his father, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah the Exalted: "And surely the hereafter is better for you than the former", he said: "It means the Return (al-Karra) — it is the hereafter for the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family)."

[And I said:] His saying: "And soon will your Lord give you so that you shall be well pleased", [he said]: "He shall give you from Paradise until you are pleased."

99-/11702 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ:عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ،عَنْ بَكَّارٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ،عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ [2]، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ: عُرِضَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مَا هُوَ مَفْتُوحٌ عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ كَفْراً كَفْراً، فَسُرَّ بِذَلِكَ،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَلْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنَ الْأُولىٰ* وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضىٰ ،قَالَ:فَأَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَلْفَ قَصْرٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ،تُرَابُهُ الْمِسْكُ،وَ فِي كُلِّ قَصْرٍ مَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ مِنَ الْأَزْوَاجِ وَ الْخَدَمِ،وَ قَوْلُهُ:كَفْراً كَفْراً، أَيْ قَرْيَةً قَرْيَةً،وَ الْقَرْيَةُ تُسَمَّى كَفْراً.

99-/11702

Muḥammad ibn al-ʿAbbās, from Abū Dāwūd, from Bakkār, from ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, from Ismāʿīl ibn ʿUbayd Allāh, from ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās, said:

The Messenger of Allah (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa ālihi) was shown all that would be opened to his nation after him — village by village (kafran kafran) — and he was pleased with that. So Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed:

"And surely the hereafter is better for you than the former; and soon will your Lord give you so that you shall be well pleased."

He said: So Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, granted him one thousand palaces in Paradise, the soil of which is musk, and in each palace is what befits it of wives and servants.

And His saying kafran kafran means: village by village, and a village is called kafr.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:427.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:427.

_3) -تأويل الآيات 2:1/810.

[1] في المصدر:الجنّة فترضى.

[2] في النسخ:إسماعيل بن عبد اللّه،و ما أثبتناه هو الصحيح لروايته عن عليّ بن عبد اللّه بن العبّاس،راجع تهذيب الكمال 21:36.

Footnote Translations:

[1] In the source: “from Paradise so that he is pleased.”

[2] In the manuscripts: Ismāʿīl ibn ʿAbd Allāh, but what we have affirmed is the correct version — Ismāʿīl ibn ʿUbayd Allāh — because he narrates from ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās. Refer to Tahdhīb al-Kamāl 21:36.

Page 682 in Arabic

99-/11703 _4- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُونُسَ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا)،عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،قَالَ: دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ)وَ هِيَ تَطْحَنُ بِالرَّحَى،وَ عَلَيْهَا كِسَاءٌ مِنْ أَجِلَّةِ الْإِبِلِ،فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا بَكَى،وَ قَالَ لَهَا:«يَا فَاطِمَةُ تَعَجَّلِي مَرَارَةَ الدُّنْيَا لِنَعِيمِ الْآخِرَةِ غَداً»فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ: وَ لَلْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنَ الْأُولىٰ* وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضىٰ .

99-/11703 _4- From him: from Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥakam, from Muḥammad ibn Yūnus, from Ḥammād ibn ʿĪsā, from al-Ṣādiq Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad, from his father (peace be upon them both), from Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) entered upon Fāṭima (peace be upon her) while she was grinding with the hand mill, and she was wearing a cloak made of camel hair. When he saw her, he wept and said to her: “O Fāṭima, hasten the bitterness of this world for the bliss of the Hereafter tomorrow.” Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed to him: “And the Hereafter is better for you than the first (life), and soon will your Lord give you so that you shall be well pleased.” (al-Ḍuḥā 93:4–5)

99-/11704 _5- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفَلِيِّ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكَاتِبِ،عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضىٰ ،قَالَ:إِنَّ رِضَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِدْخَالُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَ شِيعَتِهِمْ الْجَنَّةَ،وَ كَيْفَ لاَ وَ إِنَّمَا خُلِقَتِ الْجَنَّةُ لَهُمْ،وَ النَّارُ لِأَعْدَائِهِمْ،فَعَلَى أَعْدَائِهِمْ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ وَ النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ.

99-/11704 _5- From him: from Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Nawfalī, from Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Kātib, from ʿĪsā ibn Mihrān, through his chain to Zayd ibn ʿAlī (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic:

“And soon will your Lord give you so that you shall be well pleased” (al-Ḍuḥā 93:5), he said:

“Indeed, the satisfaction of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) is that the people of his household and their followers be admitted into Paradise. And how could it not be so, when Paradise was created for them, and the Fire for their enemies? So upon their enemies be the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people.”

99-/11705 _6- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ: مٰا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَ مٰا قَلىٰ :«وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ أَبْطَأَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ أَنَّهُ كَانَتْ أَوَّلَ سُورَةٍ نَزَلَتْ اِقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ [1]ثُمَّ أَبْطَأَ عَلَيْهِ،فَقَالَتْ خَدِيجَةُ:لَعَلَّ رَبَّكَ قَدْ تَرَكَكَ،فَلاَ يُرْسِلُ إِلَيْكَ.فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى:

مٰا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَ مٰا قَلىٰ ».

99-/11705 _6- ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm: And in the narration of Abū al-Jārūd, from Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah:

“Your Lord has not forsaken you, nor is He displeased” (al-Ḍuḥā 93:3):

He said: “This was because Jibrā’īl delayed (in coming) to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and the first Sūrah that had been revealed was:

‘Recite in the name of your Lord who created…’ [al-ʿAlaq 96:1].

Then (after that) there was a delay in revelation, so Khadījah said: ‘Perhaps your Lord has left you and will not send revelation to you anymore.’

So Allah, Blessed and Exalted, revealed: ‘Your Lord has not forsaken you, nor is He displeased.’”

99-/11706 _7- وَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ:اَلْفَقِيهِ ابْنُ الْمَغَازِلِيِّ الشَّافِعِيُّ،فِي كِتَابِ(الْفَضَائِلِ)،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ ابْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ إِجَازَةً،أَنَّ أَبَا أَحْمَدَ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شَوْذَبٍ أَخْبَرَهُمْ،[قَالَ]:حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الدَّقَّاقِ،حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَوَّامِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ الدُّولاَبِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ ظُهَيْرٍ،عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ مَنْ يَقْتَرِفْ حَسَنَةً نَزِدْ لَهُ فِيهٰا حُسْناً [2]،قَالَ:اَلْمَوَدَّةُ فِي آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضىٰ ،قَالَ:رِضَا مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنْ يُدْخِلَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ الْجَنَّةَ.

99-/11706 _7- From the path of the opponents (non-Shi'a sources): Al-Faqīh Ibn al-Maghāzilī al-Shāfiʿī, in his book al-Faḍāʾil, said:

Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb informed us by ijāzah (authorization), that Abū Aḥmad ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Shawdhab informed them, saying:

Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Abī al-ʿAwwām narrated to us, who said: Muḥammad ibn al-Ṣabbāḥ al-Dūlābī narrated to us, who said: al-Ḥakam ibn Ẓuhayr, from al-Suddī, regarding the saying of the Most High:

“And whoever earns a good deed, We shall increase for him goodness therein” (al-Shūrā 42:23) – he said: “It is the love for the family of Muḥammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).”

And regarding the saying of the Most High:

“And your Lord will surely give you so much that you will be satisfied” (al-Ḍuḥā 93:5) – he said: “The satisfaction of Muḥammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) is that his family will be entered into Paradise.”

99-/11707 _8- وَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ:(تَفْسِيرُ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ)،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ(تَفْسِيرُ الْقُشَيْرِيِّ)، عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ: أَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَاطِمَةَ وَ عَلَيْهَا كِسَاءٌ مِنْ أَجِلَّةِ الْإِبِلِ،وَ هِيَ تَطْحَنُ بِيَدَيْهَا،وَ تُرْضِعُ وَلَدَهَا،فَدَمَعَتْ عَيْنَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالَ:«يَا بِنْتَاهْ،تَعَجَّلِي مَرَارَةَ الدُّنْيَا بِحَلاَوَةِ الْآخِرَةِ»فَقَالَتْ:«يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى نَعْمَائِهِ،وَ الشُّكْرُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى آلاَئِهِ»فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضىٰ .

99-/11707 _8- From the path of the opponents (non-Shi'a sources): In Tafsīr al-Thaʿlabī (al-Kashf wa’l-Bayān), from Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad (peace be upon him), and in Tafsīr al-Qushayrī, from Jābir al-Anṣārī:

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) saw Fāṭima while she had a cloak made from coarse camel hair upon her. She was grinding grain with her hands and nursing her child.

The eyes of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) filled with tears. He said: “O my daughter, hasten the bitterness of this world with the sweetness of the Hereafter.”

She replied: “O Messenger of Allah, praise be to Allah for His blessings, and thanks be to Allah for His bounties.”

So Allah, the Exalted, revealed: “And your Lord will surely give you so much that you will be satisfied.” (al-Ḍuḥā 93:5)

_4) -تأويل الآيات 2:2:2/810.

_5) -تأويل الآيات 2:3/811.

_6) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:428.

_7) -مناقب ابن المغازلي:360/316.

_8) -...مناقب ابن شهر آشوب 3:342.

[1] العلق 96:1.

[2] الشورى 42:23.

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99-/11708 _9- وَ مَنْ طَرِيقِهِمْ أَيْضاً: فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ لَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضىٰ ،قَالَ:رِضَا مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنْ يُدْخِلَ[اللَّهُ]أَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ الْجَنَّةَ.

99-/11708 _9- And also from their sources (i.e., from the non-Shi'a path):

Regarding the saying of Allah, the Exalted: “And your Lord will surely give you so much that you will be satisfied” (al-Ḍuḥā 93:5), it is said:

The satisfaction of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) is that Allah admits his Ahl al-Bayt into Paradise.