S 101 Ayat 1 to 11

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ اَلْقٰارِعَةُ* مَا الْقٰارِعَةُ -إلى قوله تعالى- نٰارٌ حٰامِيَةٌ [1-11]

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.

The terrible calamity!
What is the terrible calamity!
And what will make you comprehend what the terrible calamity is?
The day on which men shall be as scattered moths,
And the mountains shall be as loosened wool.
Then as for him whose measure of good deeds is heavy,
He shall live a pleasant life.
And as for him whose measure of good deeds is light,
His abode shall be the abyss.
And what will make you know what it is?
A burning fire.

/11850 _1-علي بن إبراهيم:في قوله تعالى: اَلْقٰارِعَةُ* مَا الْقٰارِعَةُ* وَ مٰا أَدْرٰاكَ مَا الْقٰارِعَةُ يرددها اللّه لهولها و فزع الناس بها يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النّٰاسُ كَالْفَرٰاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ* وَ تَكُونُ الْجِبٰالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنْفُوشِ ،قال:العهن:

الصوف فَأَمّٰا مَنْ ثَقُلَتْ مَوٰازِينُهُ بالحسنات فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رٰاضِيَةٍ* وَ أَمّٰا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوٰازِينُهُ ،قال:من الحسنات فَأُمُّهُ هٰاوِيَةٌ ،قال:أم رأسه،يقذف [1]في النار على رأسه ثمّ قال: وَ مٰا أَدْرٰاكَ يا محمّد مٰا هِيَهْ يعني الهاوية،ثمّ قال: نٰارٌ حٰامِيَةٌ .

/11850 ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm, regarding the saying of Allah, the Exalted: “Al-Qāri‘ah. What is the Calamity? And what will make you comprehend what the Calamity is? [Qur’an 101:1–3]” — he said: Allah repeats it due to its terror and the fright it brings upon the people. “The day on which men shall be as scattered moths, and the mountains shall be as loosened wool” [Qur’an 101:4–5] — he said: al-‘ihn means wool. “Then as for him whose measure (of deeds) is heavy with good deeds, he shall live a pleasant life. And as for him whose measure (of deeds) is light” — he said: from good deeds — “his mother shall be the abyss” — he said: the top of his head; he will be cast into the Fire headfirst. Then he said: “And what will make you know what it is, O Muhammad? It is a burning fire” [Qur’an 101:10–11] — that is, the abyss.

99-/11851 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «مَا فِي الْمِيزَانِ شَيْءٌ أَثْقَلَ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ،وَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَتُوضَعُ أَعْمَالُهُ فِي الْمِيزَانِ فَتَمِيلُ [2]بِهِ،فَيُخْرِجُ الصَّلاَةَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ [3]فَيَضَعُهَا فِي مِيزَانِهِ فَتَرْجَحُ».

99-/11851 Muḥammad ibn Ya‘qūb, from ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm, from his father, from Ibn Abī ‘Umayr, from Abū Ayyūb, from Muḥammad ibn Muslim, from one of the two (peace be upon them), said: “There is nothing heavier in the scale than the ṣalāh upon Muḥammad and the family of Muḥammad. Indeed, a man’s deeds are placed in the scale, and it leans to the side (due to lightness), so he brings forth the ṣalāh upon Muḥammad and places it in his scale — and it outweighs.”

99-/11852 _3- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ،عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): التَّسْبِيحُ نِصْفُ الْمِيزَانِ،وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ يَمْلَأُ الْمِيزَانَ،وَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ يَمْلَأُ مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ».

99-/11852 And from him, from ‘Alī, from his father, from al-Nawfalī, from al-Sakūnī, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), who said: “The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said: ‘Subḥānallāh (Glory be to Allah) is half the scale; al-ḥamdu lillāh (Praise be to Allah) fills the scale; and Allāhu Akbar (Allah is the Greatest) fills what is between the heaven and the earth.”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:440.

_2) -الكافي 2:15/358.

_3) -الكافي 2:3/367.

[1] في المصدر:يقلّب.

[2] أي تميل الأعمال بالميزان.

[3] في المصدر:الصلاة عليه.

[1] In the source: yuqallib – "he turns (it over)." [2] That is, the deeds cause the scale to lean. [3] In the source: the ṣalāh upon him.

Page 740 in Arabic

99-/11853 _4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ عَاصِمٍ الْمَيْنِيُّ،عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ جَدِّهِ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:

فَأَمّٰا مَنْ ثَقُلَتْ مَوٰازِينُهُ* فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رٰاضِيَةٍ ،قَالَ:«نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ أَمّٰا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوٰازِينُهُ* فَأُمُّهُ هٰاوِيَةٌ ،قَالَ:«نَزَلَتْ فِي ثَلاَثَةٍ»يَعْنِي الثَّلاَثَةَ.

99-/11853 Muḥammad ibn al-‘Abbās said: al-Ḥasan ibn ‘Alī ibn Zakarīyā ibn ‘Āṣim al-Maynī narrated to us, from al-Haytham ibn ‘Abd al-Raḥmān, who said: Abū al-Ḥasan ‘Alī ibn Mūsā ibn Ja‘far narrated to us, from his father, from his grandfather (blessings of Allah be upon them), regarding the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “Then as for him whose measure (of deeds) is heavy, he shall live a pleasant life” [Qur’an 101:6–7] — he said: “It was revealed concerning ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him).” “And as for him whose measure (of deeds) is light, his mother shall be the abyss” [Qur’an 101:8–9] — he said: “It was revealed concerning three individuals,” meaning the [well-known] three.

99-/11854 _5- ابْنُ شَهْرِ آشُوبَ،قَالَ:اَلْإِمَامَانِ الْجَعْفَرَانِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: فَأَمّٰا مَنْ ثَقُلَتْ مَوٰازِينُهُ :«فَهُوَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رٰاضِيَةٍ* وَ أَمّٰا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوٰازِينُهُ وَ أَنْكَرَ وَلاَيَةَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فَأُمُّهُ هٰاوِيَةٌ فَهِيَ النَّارُ،جَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ أُمَّهُ وَ مَأْوَاهُ».

99-/11854 Ibn Shahr Āshūb said: The two Imāms, the two Ja‘fars (peace be upon them), regarding the saying of the Exalted: “Then as for him whose measure (of deeds) is heavy” [Qur’an 101:6] — said: “He is the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), so he shall live a pleasant life.” “And as for him whose measure (of deeds) is light and who denies the guardianship of ‘Alī (peace be upon him), his mother shall be the abyss” [Qur’an 101:8–9] — that is the Fire. Allah has made it his mother and his refuge.

99-/11855 _6- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْعَطَّارُ [1]،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ،عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ أَخِيهِ سَهْلٍ الْحُلْوَانِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «بَيْنَا عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي سِيَاحَتِهِ إِذْ مَرَّ بِقَرْيَةٍ،فَوَجَدَ أَهْلَهَا مَوْتَى فِي الطَّرِيقِ وَ الدُّورِ،قَالَ:فَقَالَ:إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ مَاتُوا بِسَخْطَةٍ،وَ لَوْ مَاتُوا بِغَيْرِهَا تَدَافَنُوا،قَالَ:فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُهُ:وَدِدْنَا أَنَّا عَرَفْنَا قِصَّتَهُمْ،فَقِيلَ لَهُ:نَادِهِمْ يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ،قَالَ،فَقَالَ:

يَا أَهْلَ الْقَرْيَةِ،فَأَجَابَهُمْ مُجِيبٌ مِنْهُمْ:لَبَّيْكَ يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ،قَالَ:مَا حَالُكُمْ وَ مَا قِصَّتُكُمْ؟قَالَ:أَصْبَحْنَا فِي عَافِيَةٍ،وَ بِتْنَا فِي الْهَاوِيَةِ،قَالَ:فَقَالَ:وَ مَا الْهَاوِيَةُ؟قَالَ:بِحَارٌ مِنْ نَارٍ فِيهَا جِبَالٌ مِنْ نَارٍ،قَالَ:وَ مَا بَلَغَ بِكُمْ مَا أَرَى؟قَالَ:حُبُّ الدُّنْيَا وَ عِبَادَةُ الطَّوَاغِيتِ.قَالَ:وَ مَا بَلَغَ مِنْ حُبِّكُمُ الدُّنْيَا؟قَالَ:كَحُبِّ الصَّبِيِّ لِأُمِّهِ،إِذَا أَقْبَلَتْ فَرِحَ،وَ إِذَا أَدْبَرَتْ حَزِنَ.قَالَ:

وَ مَا بَلَغَ مِنْ عِبَادَتِكُمُ الطَّوَاغِيتَ؟قَالَ:كَانُوا إِذَا أَمَرُونَا أَطَعْنَاهُمْ.قَالَ:فَكَيْفَ أَجَبْتَنِي[أَنْتَ]مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ؟قَالَ:لِأَنَّهُمْ مُلْجَمُونَ بِلُجُمٍ مِنْ نَارٍ،عَلَيْهِمْ مَلاَئِكَةٌ غِلاَظٌ شِدَادٌ،وَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِيهِمْ وَ لَمْ أَكُنْ مِنْهُمْ،فَلَمَّا أَصَابَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ أَصَابَنِي مَعَهُمْ،فَأَنَا مُعَلَّقٌ بِشَجَرَةٍ أَخَافُ أَنْ أُكَبْكَبَ فِي النَّارِ،قَالَ:فَقَالَ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لِأَصْحَابِهِ:اَلنَّوْمُ عَلَى الْمَزَابِلِ،وَ أَكْلُ خُبْزِ الشَّعِيرِ،خَيْرٌ مَعَ سَلاَمَةِ الدِّينِ».

99-/11855 Ibn Bābawayh said: My father narrated to me, who said: Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā al-‘Aṭṭār narrated to us, who said: Ya‘qūb ibn Yazīd, from Muḥammad ibn ‘Umar, from Ṣāliḥ ibn Sa‘īd, from his brother Sahl al-Ḥulwānī, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), who said:

“While ʿĪsā ibn Maryam (peace be upon him) was journeying through the land, he passed by a village and found its people dead — in the streets and within their homes. He said: ‘These people have died in wrath; had they died otherwise, they would have been buried properly.’ His companions said: ‘We wish we knew their story.’

So it was said to him: ‘Call out to them, O Spirit of Allah.’ Then he said: ‘O people of the village!’ And one among them responded: ‘At your service, O Spirit of Allah.’ He said: ‘What is your condition, and what is your story?’ He replied: ‘We awoke in wellbeing and spent the night in the abyss.’ He asked: ‘And what is the abyss?’ He said: ‘Seas of fire in which are mountains of fire.’ He asked: ‘And what brought you to the state I see?’ He said: ‘Love of the world and worship of tyrants.’ He asked: ‘To what extent was your love of the world?’ He said: ‘Like a child’s love for its mother — when she comes near, he is delighted, and when she turns away, he is grieved.’ He asked: ‘And to what extent was your worship of the tyrants?’ He said: ‘Whenever they commanded us, we obeyed them.’

He asked: ‘Then how is it that you answered me [alone] among them?’ He said: ‘Because they are bridled with bridles of fire, attended by harsh and severe angels. As for me, I was among them but not of them. When the punishment struck them, it struck me along with them. I am now hanging from a tree, fearing that I may be hurled headfirst into the Fire.’

Then ʿĪsā (peace be upon him) said to his companions: ‘Sleeping on garbage heaps and eating barley bread is better — with the safety of one’s religion.’”

99-/11856 _7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ،عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جَنَاحٍ،عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ،عَنْ مُهَاجِرٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «مَرَّ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَلَى قَرْيَةٍ قَدْ مَاتَ أَهْلُهَا وَ طَيْرُهَا وَ دَوَابُّهَا،فَقَالَ:أَمَا إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَمُوتُوا إِلاَّ بِسَخْطَةٍ،وَ لَوْ مَاتُوا مُتَفَرِّقِينَ لَتَدَافَنُوا،فَقَالَ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ:يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ وَ كَلِمَتَهُ،ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُحْيِيَهُمْ لَنَا فَيُخْبِرُونَا مَا كَانَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فَنَجْتَنِبَهَا؛فَدَعَا عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)رَبَّهُ،فَنُودِيَ مِنَ الْجَوِّ:أَنْ نَادِهِمْ،فَقَامَ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِاللَّيْلِ عَلَى شَرَفٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ،فَقَالَ:يَا أَهْلَ هَذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ.فَأَجَابَهُ مِنْهُمْ مُجِيبٌ:لَبَّيْكَ يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ وَ كَلِمَتَهُ فَقَالَ:وَيْحَكُمْ،مَا كَانَتْ أَعْمَالُكُمْ؟

99-/11856 Muḥammad ibn Ya‘qūb, from a number of our companions, from Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Khālid, from Manṣūr ibn al-‘Abbās, from Sa‘īd ibn Jināḥ, from ‘Uthmān ibn Sa‘īd, from ‘Abd al-Ḥamīd ibn ‘Alī al-Kūfī, from Muhājir al-Asadī, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), who said:

“ʿĪsā ibn Maryam (peace be upon him) once passed by a village whose people, birds, and animals had all perished. He said: ‘Surely, they did not die except under wrath. Had they died scattered over time, they would have been buried.’

So the disciples said: ‘O Spirit of Allah and His Word, call upon Allah to bring them back to life for us, so they may inform us of what their deeds were, and we can avoid them.’

Then ʿĪsā (peace be upon him) called upon his Lord, and a voice called out from the sky: ‘Call out to them.’ So ʿĪsā (peace be upon him) stood during the night on a high ground of the land and said: ‘O people of this village!’

Then one of them answered him: ‘At your service, O Spirit of Allah and His Word.’

He said: ‘Woe to you! What were your deeds?’”

_4) -تأويل الآيات 2:1/849.

_5) -المناقب 2:151.

_6) -علل الشرائع:21/466.

_7) -الكافي 2:11/239.

[1] في المصدر:سعد بن عبد اللّه.

[1] In the source: Sa‘d ibn ‘Abd Allāh.

Page 741 in Arabic

قَالَ:عِبَادَةُ الطَّاغُوتِ،وَ حُبُّ الدُّنْيَا مَعَ خَوْفٍ قَلِيلٍ،وَ أَمَلٍ بَعِيدٍ،وَ غَفْلَةٍ فِي لَهْوٍ وَ لَعِبٍ.فَقَالَ:كَيْفَ[كَانَ] حُبُّكُمُ لِلدُّنْيَا؟قَالَ:كَحُبِّ الصَّبِيِّ لِأُمِّهِ،إِذَا أَقْبَلَتْ عَلَيْنَا رَضِينَا وَ فَرِحْنَا وَ سُرِرْنَا،وَ إِذَا أَدْبَرَتْ[عَنَّا]بَكَيْنَا وَ حَزِنَّا.قَالَ:

كَيْفَ كَانَتْ عِبَادَتُكُمْ الطَّاغُوتَ؟قَالَ:اَلطَّاعَةُ لِأَهْلِ الْمَعَاصِي.قَالَ:كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ أَمْرِكُمْ؟قَالَ:بِتْنَا لَيْلَتَنَا فِي عَافِيَةٍ وَ أَصْبَحْنَا فِي الْهَاوِيَةِ.فَقَالَ:وَ مَا الْهَاوِيَةُ؟فَقَالَ:سِجِّينٌ.قَالَ:وَ مَا سِجِّينٌ؟قَالَ:جِبَالٌ مِنْ جَمْرٍ تُوقَدُ عَلَيْنَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ.قَالَ:فَمَا قُلْتُمْ،وَ مَا قِيلَ لَكُمْ؟قَالَ:قُلْنَا:رُدَّنَا إِلَى الدُّنْيَا نَزْهَدْ فِيهَا،قِيلَ لَنَا:كَذَبْتُمْ.قَالَ:وَيْحَكَ،لِمَ لَمْ يُكَلِّمْنِي غَيْرُكَ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ؟قَالَ:يَا رُوحَ اللَّهِ،إِنَّهُمْ مُلْجَمُونَ بِلِجَامٍ مِنْ نَارٍ بِأَيْدِي مَلاَئِكَةٍ غِلاَظٍ شِدَادٍ،وَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِيهِمْ وَ لَمْ أَكُنْ مِنْهُمْ،فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ الْعَذَابُ عَمَّنِي مَعَهُمْ،فَأَنَا مُعَلَّقٌ بِشَعْرَةٍ عَلَى شَفِيرِ جَهَنَّمَ،لاَ أَدْرِي أُكَبْكَبُ فِيهَا أَمْ أَنْجُو[مِنْهَا].

فَالْتَفَتَ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)إِلَى الْحَوَارِيِّينَ،فَقَالَ:يَا أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهِ،أَكْلُ الْخُبْزِ الْيَابِسِ بِالْمِلْحِ الْجَرِيشِ[وَ النَّوْمُ عَلَى الْمَزَابِلِ]خَيْرٌ كَثِيرٌ مَعَ عَافِيَةِ الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ».

Continuation of 99-/11856 He said: “Worship of the ṭāghūt (false deities), love of the world, with little fear, distant hope, and heedlessness in diversion and play.” He said: “And how was your love for the world?” He replied: “Like the love of a child for its mother — when it came toward us, we were pleased, delighted, and joyful; but when it turned away from us, we cried and grieved.” He said: “And how was your worship of the ṭāghūt?” He replied: “Obedience to the people of sin.” He said: “What was the outcome of your affair?” He replied: “We spent the night in wellbeing and awoke in the abyss.” He said: “And what is the abyss?” He replied: “Sijjīn.” He said: “And what is Sijjīn?” He replied: “Mountains of burning coal, ignited upon us until the Day of Resurrection.” He said: “And what did you say, and what was said to you?” He replied: “We said: ‘Return us to the world so that we may renounce it.’ It was said to us: ‘You have lied.’” He said: “Woe to you, why did none of the others speak to me besides you?” He replied: “O Spirit of Allah, they are bridled with bridles of fire, in the hands of harsh and severe angels. As for me, I was among them but not of them. So when the punishment descended upon them, it encompassed me with them. Now I hang by a hair over the edge of Jahannam — I do not know whether I will be cast into it or delivered from it.”

Then ʿĪsā (peace be upon him) turned to the disciples and said: “O friends of Allah! Dry bread with coarse salt and sleep upon refuse heaps — that is abundant goodness when accompanied by safety in this world and the Hereafter.”

Page 742 in Arabic