S 3 A 133

آل عمران آيه 133

بِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي جَمِيعِ خِصَالِهِ:كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ آمَنَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ بِمَنْ أَرْسَلَهُ،وَ كَانَ أَنْصَرَ النَّاسِ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ لِرَسُولِهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ أَقْتَلَهُمْ لِعَدُوِّهِمَا،وَ أَشَدَّهُمْ بُغْضاً لِمَنْ خَالَفَهُمَا،وَ فَضَّلَ عِلْمَهُ الَّذِي لَمْ يُسَاوِهِ أَحَدٌ، وَ مَنَاقِبَهُ الَّتِي لاَ تُحْصَى شَرَفاً.

فَلَمَّا فَكَّرَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فِي عَدَاوَةِ قَوْمِهِ لَهُ فِي هَذِهِ الْخِصَالِ،وَ حَسَدِهِمْ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا ضَاقَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ،فَأَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ،إِنَّمَا الْأَمْرُ فِيهِ إِلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يُصَيِّرَ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَصِيَّهُ وَ وَلِيَّ الْأَمْرِ بَعْدَهُ،فَهَذَا عَنَى اللَّهُ،وَ كَيْفَ لاَ يَكُونُ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ،وَ قَدْ فَوَّضَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ جَعَلَ مَا أَحَلَّ فَهُوَ حَلاَلٌ،وَ مَا حَرَّمَ فَهُوَ حَرَامٌ، قَوْلُهُ: وَ مٰا آتٰاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَ مٰا نَهٰاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوا ؟» [1].

Translation: Regarding all his qualities in which he surpassed them: he was the first to have faith in the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and in the One Who sent him; he was the most supportive of Allah, the Exalted, and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family); the most slaying of their enemies; the strongest in hatred of those who opposed them; his knowledge excelled such that none equaled him, and his merits are innumerable in nobility. So when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) reflected on his people’s enmity toward him on account of these qualities and their envy of him for them, he felt distressed by that. Then Allah, the Exalted, informed him that he had no say in this matter; rather, the matter in it belongs to Allah: that He would appoint ‘Ali (peace be upon him) as his legatee and the guardian of authority after him—this is what Allah meant. And how could he have no say in the matter when Allah had delegated to him that whatever he made lawful is lawful and whatever he made unlawful is unlawful—His saying: “And whatever the Messenger gives you, accept it, and from whatever he forbids you, keep back”? [1]

(Quran 59:7, M. H. Shakir: What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger from the people of the towns, it is for Allah and for the Messenger and for the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer, so that it may not be a thing taken by turns among the rich of you; and whatever the Messenger gives you, accept it, and from whatever he forbids you, keep back, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah; surely Allah is severe in retributing (evil).)

99-/1911 _3- عَنْ جَابِرٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):قَوْلُهُ لِنَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ فَسِّرْهُ لِي؟ قَالَ:فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«لِشَيْءٍ قَالَهُ اللَّهُ،وَ لِشَيْءٍ أَرَادَهُ اللَّهُ،يَا جَابِرُ،إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)كَانَ حَرِيصاً عَلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مِنْ بَعْدِهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ،وَ كَانَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ خِلاَفُ مَا أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) [2].

قَالَ:قُلْتُ لَهُ:فَمَا مَعْنَى ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ:«نَعَمْ،عَنَى بِذَلِكَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ لِرَسُولِهِ: لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ يَا مُحَمَّدُ،فِي عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) [3]وَ فِي غَيْرِهِ،أَ لَمْ أَتْلُ عَلَيْكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ،فِيمَا أَنْزَلْتُ مِنْ كِتَابِي إِلَيْكَ الم* أَ حَسِبَ النّٰاسُ أَنْ يُتْرَكُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا آمَنّٰا وَ هُمْ لاٰ يُفْتَنُونَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: فَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ [4]-قَالَ-:فَوَّضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الْأَمْرَ إِلَيْهِ».

99-/1911 - Translation: From Jābir who said: I said to Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), “His saying to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), ‘You have no concern in the matter’—explain it to me.” He said: Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said, “It is for something Allah said and for something Allah intended. O Jābir, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) was keen that ‘Alī (peace be upon him) be over the people after him. But with Allah there was contrary to what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) intended.” [2] He said: I asked him, “Then what is the meaning of that?” He said, “Yes, by that He meant Allah’s saying to His Messenger: ‘You have no concern in the matter, O Muhammad,’ regarding ‘Alī (peace be upon him) [3] and others. Did I not recite to you, O Muhammad, in what I revealed of My Book to you, Alif Lām Mīm. Do men think that they will be left alone on saying, ‘We believe,’ and not be tried … up to His saying, ‘and most certainly He will know’ [4].” He said: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) consigned the matter to Him.”

(Quran citations within the hadith:)

- لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ (You have no concern in the matter) occurs in Quran 3:128.

- الم (Alif Lām Mīm), أَ حَسِبَ النّاسُ أَنْ يُتْرَكُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا آمَنّا وَ هُمْ لا يُفْتَنُونَ … فَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ (Quran 29:1-3, M. H. Shakir:

29:1 Alif Lam Mim.

29:2 Do men think that they will be left alone on saying, We believe, and not be tried?

29:3 And certainly We tried those before them, so Allah will certainly know those who are true and He will certainly know the liars.)

99-/1912 _4- عَنِ الْجَرْمِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) أَنَّهُ قَرَأَ:«لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ أَنْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذِّبَهُمْ [5] فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ».

99-/1912 - Translation: From al-Jarmī, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him) that he recited: “You have no concern in the matter—whether He turns to them (mercifully) or chastises them, for they are unjust.” [This is a recitational rendering combining the phrases; cf. Quran 3:128.]

قوله تعالى:

وَ سٰارِعُوا إِلىٰ مَغْفِرَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ جَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ أُعِدَّتْ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ[133]

Translation: His saying, Exalted is He:

“And hasten to forgiveness from your Lord and to a Garden, the breadth of which is as the heavens and the earth; it is prepared for the godwary.” (Quran 3:133, M. H. Shakir)

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:140/197.

_3) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:140/197.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:141/198.

_4) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:141/198.

[1] الحشر 59:7.

[1] al-Hashr 59:7.

(Quran 59:7, M. H. Shakir: What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger from the people of the towns, it is for Allah and for the Messenger and for the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer, so that it may not be a thing taken by turns among the rich of you; and whatever the Messenger gives you, accept it, and from whatever he forbids you, keep back, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah; surely Allah is severe in retributing (evil).)

[2] أي كان رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)حريصا على أن تقع خلافته بعده بلا فصل كما أمره اللّه تعالى تشريعا في قوله تعالى: يا أيّها الرّسول بلّغ ما أنزل إليك... المائدة 5:67،و كان عند اللّه تعالى خلاف ذلك حيث إنّه علم بأنها ستغصب منه و أنّ الأمّة تفتن بعده(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله) بدليل الآية الكريمة التي في ذيل الحديث.

[2] Ayy kāna Rasūl Allāh (sallallāhu ‘alayhi wa ālihi) ḥarīṣan ‘alā an taqa‘a khilāfatuhu ba‘dahu bilā faṣl kamā amarahullāhu ta‘ālā tashrī‘an fī qawlih ta‘ālā: yā ayyuhā r-rasūlu balligh mā unzila ilayk… al-Mā’idah 5:67, wa kāna ‘inda Allāh ta‘ālā khilāfu dhālika ḥaythu innahu ‘alima bi-annahā satughṣabu minhu wa anna l-ummah tuftanu ba‘dahu (sallallāhu ‘alayhi wa ālihi) bidalīl al-āyah al-karīmah allatī fī dhayl al-ḥadīth.

(Quran 5:67, M. H. Shakir: O Messenger! deliver what has been revealed to you from your Lord; and if you do it not, then you have not delivered His message, and Allah will protect you from the people; surely Allah will not guide the unbelieving people.)

[3] في المصدر زيادة:الأمر إليّ في عليّ.

[3] Fī l-maṣdar ziyādah: al-amru ilayya fī ‘Alī.

[4] العنكبوت 29:1-3.

[4] al-‘Ankabūt 29:1-3.

(Quran 29:1-3, M. H. Shakir:

29:1 Alif Lam Mim.

29:2 Do men think that they will be left alone on saying, We believe, and not be tried?

29:3 And certainly We tried those before them, so Allah will certainly know those who are true and He will certainly know the liars.)

[5] في«س»:أن تتوب عليهم أو تعذّبهم.

[5] Fī “S”: an tatūba ‘alayhim aw tu‘adhibahum.

99-/1913 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سِرْحَانَ،عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ سٰارِعُوا إِلىٰ مَغْفِرَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ جَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا السَّمٰاوٰاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ .قَالَ:«إِذَا وَضَعُوهَا [1] كَذَا»وَ بَسَطَ يَدَيْهِ إِحْدَاهُمَا مَعَ الْأُخْرَى.

99-/1913 - Translation: Al-‘Ayyāshī: From Dāwūd ibn Sirḥān, from a man, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: “And hasten to forgiveness from your Lord and to a Garden, the breadth of which is as the heavens and the earth.” He said: “When they set it [1] like this,” and he spread his two hands, one alongside the other. (Quran 3:133, M. H. Shakir: And hasten to forgiveness from your Lord; and a Garden, the extensiveness of which is (as) the heavens and the earth; it is prepared for those who guard (against evil).)

99-/1914 _2- ابْنُ شَهْرَآشُوبَ فِي(الْمَنَاقِبِ):قَالَ فِي تَفْسِيرِ يُوسُفَ الْقَطَّانِ،عَنْ وَكِيعٍ،عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ،عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ،قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ إِذْ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ كَعْبُ بْنُ الْأَشْرَفِ وَ مَالِكُ بْنُ الصَّيْفِ [2] وَ حُيَيُّ بْنُ أَخْطَبَ، فَقَالُوا:إِنَّ فِي كِتَابِكُمْ جَنَّةً عَرْضُهَا السَّمَاوَاتُ وَ الْأَرْضُ،إِذَا كَانَتْ سَعَةُ جَنَّةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ كَسَبْعِ سَمَاوَاتٍ وَ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ، فَالْجِنَانُ كُلُّهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَيْنَ تَكُونُ؟فَقَالَ عُمَرُ:لاَ أَدْرِي [3].

فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَقَالَ:«فِي أَيِّ شَيْءٍ أَنْتُمْ»؟فَأَلْقَى الْيَهُودِيُّ [4] الْمَسْأَلَةَ عَلَيْهِ.

فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَهُمْ:«خَبِّرُونِي أَنَّ النَّهَارَ إِذَا أَقْبَلَ اللَّيْلُ أَيْنَ يَكُونُ[وَ اللَّيْلُ إِذَا أَقْبَلَ النَّهَارُ أَيْنَ يَكُونُ]؟»قَالُوا لَهُ:فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى يَكُونُ.فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«كَذَلِكَ الْجِنَانُ تَكُونُ فِي عِلْمِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى»فَجَاءَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).إِلَى النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ أَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ،فَنَزَلَ فَسْئَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لاٰ تَعْلَمُونَ [5].

99-/1914 - Translation: Ibn Shahrāshūb in (al-Manāqib): He said, in the Tafsīr of Yūsuf al-Qaṭṭān, from Wakī‘, from al-Thawrī, from al-Suddī, who said: I was with ‘Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb when Ka‘b ibn al-Ashraf, Mālik ibn al-Ṣayf [2], and Ḥuyayy ibn Akhṭab came to him and said: “In your Book there is a Garden whose breadth is the heavens and the earth. If the expanse of one Garden is like seven heavens and seven earths, then where will all the Gardens be on the Day of Resurrection?” ‘Umar said: “I do not know.” [3] As they were engaged in that, ‘Alī (peace be upon him) entered and said: “What are you discussing?” The Jew [4] posed the question to him. He (peace be upon him) said to them: “Tell me—when day comes on, where is the night? And when night comes on, where is the day?” They said to him: “It is in the knowledge of Allah, the Exalted.” ‘Alī (peace be upon him) said: “Likewise, the Gardens are in the knowledge of Allah, the Exalted.” Then ‘Alī (peace be upon him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and informed him of that, so the verse was sent down: “So ask the followers of the Reminder if you do not know.” [5]

(Quran 16:43/21:7, M. H. Shakir: And We did not send before you any but men to whom We sent revelation—so ask the followers of the Reminder if you do not know.)

99-/1915 _3- ابْنُ الْفَارِسِيِّ فِي(رَوْضَةِ الْوَاعِظِينَ)قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ،فَقِيلَ لَهُ:يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ،الْجَنَّةُ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَمْ فِي السَّمَاءِ؟قَالَ:وَ أَيُّ الْأَرْضِ تَسَعُ الْجَنَّةَ،وَ أَيُّ سَمَاءٍ تَسَعُ الْجَنَّةَ،قِيلَ:فَأَيْنَ هِيَ؟قَالَ:فَوْقَ السَّمَاءِ السَّابِعَةِ تَحْتَ الْعَرْشِ.

99-/1915 - Translation: Ibn al-Fārisī in (Rawḍat al-Wā‘izin) said: Anas ibn Mālik was asked: It was said to him, “O Abā Ḥamzah, is Paradise in the earth or in the heaven?” He said, “And which earth could contain Paradise, and which heaven could contain Paradise?” It was said: “Then where is it?” He said: “Above the seventh heaven, beneath the Throne.”

قوله تعالى:

اَلَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ فِي السَّرّٰاءِ وَ الضَّرّٰاءِ وَ الْكٰاظِمِينَ الْغَيْظَ وَ الْعٰافِينَ

Translation: His saying, Exalted is He:

“Those who spend in ease and hardship, and those who restrain anger and pardon people…” (Quran 3:134, partial; M. H. Shakir: Those who spend (benevolently) in ease as well as in straitness, and those who restrain (their) anger and pardon men; and Allah loves the doers of good.)

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:142/198.

_1) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:142/198.

_2) -المناقب 2:352.

_2) -al-Manāqib 2:352.

_3) -روضة الواعظين:505.

_3) -Rawḍat al-Wā‘izin: 505.

[1] في«ط»:و صفوها.

[1] Fī “Ṭ”: wa ṣafwuhā.

[2] في المصدر:الصيفي.

[2] Fī l-maṣdar: al-Ṣayfī.

[3] في المصدر:لا أعلم.

[3] Fī l-maṣdar: lā a‘lam.

[4] في المصدر:فالتفت اليهودي و ذكر.

[4] Fī l-maṣdar: fa-ltafuta l-yahūdī wa dhakar.

[5] النّحل 16:43،الأنبياء 21:7.

[5] al-Naḥl 16:43, al-Anbiyā’ 21:7.

(Quran 16:43, M. H. Shakir: And We did not send before you any but men to whom We sent revelation—so ask the followers of the Reminder if you do not know.)

(Quran 21:7, M. H. Shakir: And We did not send before you any but men to whom We sent revelation, so ask the followers of the Reminder if you do not know.)