Al-Kahf Ayah 54

الكهف آية 52-53

ويوم نقول ادعوا شركائي الذين زعمتم فدعوهم فلم يستجيبوا لهم وجعلنا بينهم موبقا. ورأى المجرمون النار فظنوا أنهم مواقعوها ولم يجدوا عنها مصرفا

Shakir: And on the day when We will say: Call on those whom you considered to be My associates; so they shall call on them, but they shall not answer them, and We will cause a separation between them. And the guilty shall see the fire, then they shall know that they shall fall into it, and they shall not find a way to escape from it.

/6704 _1- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:في قوله تعالى: وَ جَعَلْنٰا بَيْنَهُمْ مَوْبِقاً :أي سترا. قال:قوله: وَ رَأَى الْمُجْرِمُونَ النّٰارَ فَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ مُوٰاقِعُوهٰا أي علموا،فهذا ظنّ يقين.

Translation: /6704 _1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm said regarding His saying: “And We will cause a separation between them”: that is, a veil. He said regarding: “And the guilty shall see the Fire, then they shall know that they shall fall into it”: meaning, they knew; so this is a certainty-knowledge.

99-/6705 _2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانُ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى،عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ مَطَرٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْأَحْدَبُ الْجُنْدَيْسَابُورِيُّ،قَالَ:وَجَدْتُ فِي كِتَابِ أَبِي بِخَطِّهِ:حَدَّثَنَا طَلْحَةُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [1] بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ،عَنْ أَبِي مَعْمَرٍ السَّعْدَانِيِّ،عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «قَوْلُهُ: وَ رَأَى الْمُجْرِمُونَ النّٰارَ فَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ مُوٰاقِعُوهٰا أَيْ أَيْقَنُوا أَنَّهُمْ دَاخِلُوهَا».

Translation: 99-/6705 _2- Ibn Bābawayh said: Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Qattān (may Allah have mercy on him) told us, he said: Ahmad ibn Yahyā told us, from Bakr ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Habīb, who said: Ahmad ibn Ya‘qūb ibn Matar told me, he said: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn ‘Abd al-‘Azīz al-Ahdab al-Jundīsābūrī told me: I found in my father’s book in his own handwriting: Talhah ibn Yazīd narrated to us, from ‘Abd Allāh [1] ibn ‘Ubayd, from Abū Ma‘mar al-Sa‘dānī, from the Commander of the Faithful ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib (peace be upon him), who said: “His words: ‘And the guilty shall see the Fire, then they shall know that they shall fall into it’—that is, they were certain they would enter it.”

[1] في المصدر:عبيد اللّه.

[1] fi al-masdar: ‘Ubayd Allāh.

الكهف آية 54

ولقد صرفنا في هذا القرآن للناس من كل مثل وكان الإنسان أكثر شيء جدلا

Shakir: And certainly We have explained in this Quran every kind of example, and man is most of all given to contention.

99-/6706 _3- ابْنُ شَهْرَ آشُوبٍ:عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الشِّيرَازِيِّ فِي(كِتَابِهِ)عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ،وَ أَبِي يُوسُفَ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ فِي(تَفْسِيرِهِ)وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ وَ أَبِي يَعْلَى الْمَوْصِلِيِّ فِي(مُسْنَدَيْهِمَا)قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: أَخْبَرَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّ أَبَاهُ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)ذَكَرَ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَخْبَرَهُ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)طَرَقَهُ وَ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالَ:«أَ لاَ تُصَلُّونَ؟فَقُلْتُ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،إِنَّمَا أَنْفُسُنَا بِيَدِ اللَّهِ،فَإِذَا شَاءَ أَنْ يَبْعَثَنَا بَعَثَنَا-أَيْ يُكْثِرُ اللُّطْفَ بِنَا-فَانْصَرَفَ حِينَ قُلْتُ ذَلِكَ وَ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ إِلَيَّ شَيْئاً،ثُمَّ سَمِعْتُهُ وَ هُوَ مُوَلٍّ يَضْرِبُ فَخِذَيْهِ وَ يَقُولُ: وَ كٰانَ الْإِنْسٰانُ يَعْنِي:عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَكْثَرَ شَيْءٍ جَدَلاً أَيْ مُتَكَلِّماً بِالْحَقِّ وَ الصِّدْقِ».

Translation: 99-/6706 _3- Ibn Shahr Āshūb: from Abū Bakr al-Shīrāzī in his book, from Mālik ibn Anas, from Ibn Shihāb, and from Abū Yūsuf Ya‘qūb ibn Sufyān in his Tafsīr, and from Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Abū Ya‘lā al-Mawṣilī in their Musnads. Ibn Shihāb said: ‘Alī ibn al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon him) informed me that his father al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī (peace be upon him) mentioned that ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him) informed him that the Prophet (blessings of Allah be upon him and his family) came at night to him and to Fāṭimah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (blessings of Allah be upon him and his family), and said: “Will you not pray?” I said: O Messenger of Allah, our very souls are in Allah’s hand; when He wishes to rouse us, He rouses us—that is, He increases His grace to us. He turned away when I said that and did not say anything back to me. Then I heard him as he was leaving, striking his thighs and saying: ‘And man is most of all given to contention’—meaning: ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib—‘most given to contention,’ that is, one who speaks truth and veracity.”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:37.

_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:37.

_2) -التويد:5/267.

_2) -al-Tawḥīd 5/267.

_3) -المناقب 2:45،مسند أحمد بن حنبل 1:112.

_3) -al-Manāqib 2:45; Musnad Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal 1:112.

قوله تعالى:

وَ يُجٰادِلُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِالْبٰاطِلِ لِيُدْحِضُوا بِهِ الْحَقَّ -إلى قوله تعالى- ذٰلِكَ تَأْوِيلُ مٰا لَمْ تَسْطِعْ عَلَيْهِ صَبْراً [56-82]

الكهف آية 56

ويجادل الذين كفروا بالباطل ليدحضوا به الحق واتخذوا آياتي وما أنذروا هزوا

Shakir: And those who disbelieve dispute by means of falsehood that they may thereby render the truth null, and they take My communications and that with which they are warned for a joke.

الكهف آية 58

وربك الغفور ذو الرحمة لو يؤاخذهم بما كسبوا لعجل لهم العذاب بل لهم موعد لن يجدوا من دونه موئلا

Shakir: And your Lord is the Forgiving, the Lord of Mercy; were He to punish them for what they earn, He would certainly hasten on the chastisement for them; but they have an appointed time from which they shall not find a refuge.

الكهف آية 59

وتلك القرى أهلكناهم لما ظلموا وجعلنا لمهلكهم موعدا

Shakir: And (as for) these towns, We destroyed them when they acted unjustly, and We have appointed a time for their destruction.

99-/6707 _1- علي بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: وَ يُجٰادِلُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِالْبٰاطِلِ لِيُدْحِضُوا بِهِ الْحَقَّ .أي يدفعوه وَ اتَّخَذُوا آيٰاتِي وَ مٰا أُنْذِرُوا هُزُواً إلى قوله: بَلْ لَهُمْ مَوْعِدٌ فهو مُحْكَم. قال:و قوله تعالى: لَنْ يَجِدُوا مِنْ دُونِهِ مَوْئِلاً أي ملجأ: وَ تِلْكَ الْقُرىٰ أَهْلَكْنٰاهُمْ لَمّٰا ظَلَمُوا وَ جَعَلْنٰا لِمَهْلِكِهِمْ مَوْعِداً أي يوم القيامة يدخلون النار، فلما أخبر رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)قريشا خبر أصحاب الكهف، قالوا:أخبرنا عن العالم الذي أمر اللّه موسى أن يتبعه،و ما قصته؟فأنزل اللّه عزّ و جلّ: وَ إِذْ قٰالَ مُوسىٰ لِفَتٰاهُ لاٰ أَبْرَحُ حَتّٰى أَبْلُغَ مَجْمَعَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ أَوْ أَمْضِيَ حُقُباً .

Translation: 99-/6707 _1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm, regarding His saying: “And those who disbelieve dispute by means of falsehood that they may thereby render the truth null,” said: that is, to repel it. “And they take My communications and that with which they are warned for a joke” up to His saying: “Rather, they have an appointed time”—this is muhkam (clear). He said: And His saying: “They shall not find any refuge besides Him” means a sanctuary; and “And (as for) these towns, We destroyed them when they acted unjustly, and We have appointed a time for their destruction” means: on the Day of Resurrection they will enter the Fire. When the Messenger of Allah (blessings of Allah be upon him and his family) informed Quraysh of the story of the Companions of the Cave, they said: Tell us about the one endowed with knowledge whom Allah commanded Moses to follow, and what was his story. Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed: “And when Moses said to his servant: I will not cease until I reach the junction of the two seas or I will go on for years.”

الكهف آية 60

وإذ قال موسى لفتاه لا أبرح حتى أبلغ مجمع البحرين أو أمضي حقبا

Shakir: And when Musa said to his servant: I will not cease until I reach the junction of the two rivers, or I will go on for years.

99-/6708 _2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ السُّكَّرِيُّ،قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا الْجَوْهَرِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِنَّ الْخَضِرَ كَانَ نَبِيّاً مُرْسَلاً،بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَى قَوْمِهِ،فَدَعَاهُمْ إِلَى تَوْحِيدِهِ،وَ الْإِقْرَارِ بِأَنْبِيَائِهِ وَ رُسُلِهِ وَ كُتُبِهِ،وَ كَانَتْ آيَتُهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ لاَ يَجْلِسُ عَلَى خَشَبَةٍ يَابِسَةٍ وَ لاَ أَرْضٍ بَيْضَاءَ إِلاَّ أَزْهَرَتْ خَضْرَاءَ،وَ إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ خَضِراً لِذَلِكَ،وَ كَانَ اسْمُهُ تَالِيَا [1] بْنَ مَلْكَانَ بْنِ عَابِرِ بْنِ أَرْفَخْشَدَ بْنِ سَامِ بْنِ نُوحٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ إِنَّ مُوسَى لَمَّا كَلَّمَهُ اللَّهُ تَكْلِيماً، وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ التَّوْرَاةَ وَ كَتَبَ لَهُ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مَوْعِظَةً وَ تَفْصِيلاً لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ،وَ جَعَلَ آيَتَهُ فِي يَدِهِ وَ فِي عَصَاهُ، وَ فِي الطُّوفَانِ وَ الْجَرَادِ وَ الْقُمَّلِ وَ الضَّفَادِعِ وَ الدَّمِ،وَ فَلْقِ الْبَحْرِ،وَ أَغْرَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ جُنُودَهُ،وَ عَمِلَتِ الْبَشَرِيَّةُ فِيهِ حَتَّى قَالَ فِي نَفْسِهِ:مَا أَرَى أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ خَلْقاً أَعْلَمَ مِنِّي.فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى جَبْرَئِيلَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ،أَدْرِكْ عَبْدِي مُوسَى قَبْلَ أَنْ يَهْلِكَ،وَ قُلْ:لَهُ:إِنَّ عِنْدَ مُلْتَقَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ رَجُلاً عَابِداً فَاتَّبِعْهُ وَ تَعَلَّمْ مِنْهُ،فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَلَى مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِمَا أَمَرَهُ بِهِ رَبُّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،فَعَلِمَ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لِمَا حَدَّثَتْهُ بِهِ نَفْسُهُ. فَمَضَى هُوَ وَ فَتَاهُ يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)حَتَّى انْتَهَيَا إِلَى مُلْتَقَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ،فَوَجَدَا هُنَاكَ الْخَضِرَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ فَوَجَدٰا عَبْداً مِنْ عِبٰادِنٰا آتَيْنٰاهُ رَحْمَةً مِنْ عِنْدِنٰا وَ عَلَّمْنٰاهُ مِنْ لَدُنّٰا عِلْماً* قٰالَ لَهُ مُوسىٰ هَلْ أَتَّبِعُكَ عَلىٰ أَنْ تُعَلِّمَنِ مِمّٰا عُلِّمْتَ رُشْداً ؟قَالَ لَهُ الْخَضِرُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْراً لِأَنِّي وُكِّلْتُ بِعِلْمٍ لاَ تُطِيقُهُ،وَ وُكِّلْتَ أَنْتَ بِعِلْمٍ لاَ أُطِيقُهُ.قَالَ مُوسَى:بَلْ أَسْتَطِيعُ مَعَكَ صَبْراً.فَقَالَ

Translation: 99-/6708 _2- Ibn Bābawayh said: Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Qattān informed us, he said: al-Hasan ibn ‘Alī al-Sukkari told us, he said: Muhammad ibn Zakarīyā al-Jawharī al-Baṣrī told me, he said: Ja‘far ibn ‘Umārah narrated to us, from his father, from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad (peace be upon him), that he said: “Al-Khiḍr was a sent Prophet; Allah, Blessed and Exalted, sent him to his people, and he called them to His oneness and to acknowledging His prophets, His messengers, and His books. His sign was that he would not sit on a dry piece of wood or on white earth except that it blossomed green; and he was named ‘Khiḍr’ for that. His name was Tāliya [1] son of Malkan son of ‘Ābir son of Arfakhshadh son of Sām son of Nūḥ (peace be upon him). When Allah spoke to Mūsā with [direct] speech and sent down upon him the Torah and wrote for him on the tablets an admonition from everything and a detailed explanation of everything, and made his sign in his hand and in his staff, and [in the signs of] the flood, the locusts, the lice, the frogs, and the blood, and the splitting of the sea; and Allah, Mighty and Majestic, drowned Pharaoh and his armies—human nature worked upon him until he said to himself: ‘I do not think that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has created anyone more knowledgeable than I.’ So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed to Jibrīl (peace be upon him): ‘O Jibrīl, reach My servant Mūsā before he perishes, and say to him: At the meeting point of the two seas there is a devout servant, so follow him and learn from him.’ Jibrīl (peace be upon him) then descended to Mūsā (peace be upon him) with what his Lord, Mighty and Majestic, had commanded him, and Mūsā (peace be upon him) knew that this was because of what he had said within himself. So he and his servant Yūsha‘ ibn Nūn (peace be upon him) set out until they reached the meeting point of the two seas, and there they found al-Khiḍr (peace be upon him) worshiping Allah, Mighty and Majestic, just as Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said in His Book: ‘So they found a servant from among Our servants whom We had granted mercy from Us and whom We had taught knowledge from Our presence.’ ‘Mūsā said to him: “Shall I follow you so that you teach me right guidance of what you have been taught?”’ Al-Khiḍr (peace be upon him) said to him: ‘You will not be able to be patient with me, for I have been entrusted with knowledge you cannot bear, and you have been entrusted with knowledge I cannot bear.’ Mūsā said: ‘Rather, I will be able to be patient with you.’ So he said…”

[1] في المصدر:باليا،و في«ق»:إليا.

[1] fi al-masdar: Bāliya; wa fī “Q”: Iliyā.

الكهف آية 65

فوجدَا عبدا من عبادنا آتيناه رحمة من عندنا وعلمناه من لدنا علما

Shakir: So they found one of Our servants whom We had granted mercy from Us and whom We had taught knowledge from Ourselves.

الكهف آية 66

قال له موسى هل أتبعك على أن تعلمن مما علمت رشدا

Shakir: Musa said to him: Shall I follow you so that you teach me right knowledge of what you have been taught?