S 2 A 234

99-/1258 _12- عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: وَ عَلَى الْوٰارِثِ مِثْلُ ذٰلِكَ .قَالَ:«هُوَ فِي النَّفَقَةِ،عَلَى الْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ مَا عَلَى الْوَلَدِ».

وَ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ،عَنْ سَوْرَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،مِثْلَهُ.

99-/1258 -12- From al-‘Ala’, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the two (Imams), he said: I asked him about His saying: “And on the heir is the like of that.” He said: It concerns maintenance; upon the heir is what is upon the child. And from Jamil, from Sawrah, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), similar to it.

_12) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:383/121. -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:383/121.

_13) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:384/121. -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:384/121.

_14) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:385/121. -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:385/121.

99-/1259 _13- عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ،قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ عَلَى الْوٰارِثِ مِثْلُ ذٰلِكَ .

قَالَ:«لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْوَارِثِ أَيْضاً أَنْ يُضَارَّ الْمَرْأَةَ،فَيَقُولَ:لاَ أَدَعُ وَلَدَهَا يَأْتِيهَا،وَ يُضَارُّ وَلَدَهَا إِنْ كَانَ لَهُمْ عِنْدَهُ شَيْءٌ،وَ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَقْتُرَ عَلَيْهِ».

99-/1259 -13- From Abu al-Sabbah, who said: Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) was asked about Allah’s saying: “And on the heir is the like of that.” He said: It is not proper for the heir either to harm the woman by saying, “I will not allow her child to come to her,” nor to harm her children if they have something with him; nor should he be miserly toward him.

99-/1260 _14- عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الْمُطَلَّقَةُ يُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَضَعَ حَمْلَهَا،وَ هِيَ أَحَقُّ بِوَلَدِهَا أَنْ تُرْضِعَهُ مِمَّا تَقْبَلُهُ امْرَأَةٌ أُخْرَى،إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: لاٰ تُضَارَّ وٰالِدَةٌ بِوَلَدِهٰا وَ لاٰ مَوْلُودٌ لَهُ بِوَلَدِهِ وَ عَلَى الْوٰارِثِ مِثْلُ ذٰلِكَ إِنَّهُ نَهَى أَنْ يُضَارَّ بِالصَّبِيِّ،أَوْ يُضَارَّ بِأُمِّهِ فِي رَضَاعِهِ،وَ لَيْسَ لَهَا أَنْ تَأْخُذَ فِي رَضَاعِهِ فَوْقَ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ، فَإِنْ أَرَادَا الْفِصَالَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ تَرَاضٍ مِنْهُمَا،كَانَ حَسَناً،وَ الْفِصَالُ:هُوَ الْفِطَامُ».

99-/1260 -14- From al-Halabi, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: The divorced woman is to be provided for until she delivers her pregnancy, and she has more right to nurse her child in the measure another woman would accept, for Allah says: “No mother shall be made to suffer harm on account of her child, nor he to whom the child is born on account of his child, and on the heir is the like of that.” He forbade causing harm to the infant or to his mother regarding his suckling. She is not entitled to take for his suckling beyond two complete years; but if both desire weaning before that by mutual consent, it is good. Al-fisal is weaning.

قوله تعالى:

وَ الَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَ يَذَرُونَ أَزْوٰاجاً يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً[234]

Qur’an 2:234 (M. H. Shakir): And those of you who die and leave wives behind, they should keep themselves in waiting for four months and ten days; then when they have fully attained their term, there is no blame on you for what they do for themselves in a lawful manner; and Allah is aware of what you do.

99-/1261 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَيْفٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،كَيْفَ صَارَتْ عِدَّةُ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ ثَلاَثَ حِيَضٍ،أَوْ ثَلاَثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ، وَ عِدَّةُ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً؟ فَقَالَ:«أَمَّا عِدَّةُ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ ثَلاَثَةُ قُرُوءٍ فَلاِسْتِبْرَاءِ الرَّحِمِ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ،وَ أَمَّا عِدَّةُ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا؛فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ شَرَطَ لِلنِّسَاءِ شَرْطاً،وَ شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِنَّ شَرْطاً،فَلَمْ يُحَابِهِنَّ [1] فِي مَا شَرَطَ لَهُنَّ،وَ لَمْ يَجُرْ فِي مَا شَرَطَ [2]عَلَيْهِنَّ؛فَأَمَّا مَا شَرَطَ لَهُنَّ فِي الْإِيلاَءِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ،إِذْ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:

99-/1261 -1- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from al-Husayn ibn Sayf, from Muhammad ibn Sulayman, from Abu Ja‘far the second (peace be upon him). He said: I said to him: May I be your ransom, how is it that the waiting period (‘idda) of the divorced woman is three menstruations or three months, while the waiting period of the woman whose husband has died is four months and ten? He said: As for the ‘idda of the divorced woman—three periods—it is to ensure the womb is free of a child. As for the ‘idda of the woman whose husband has died, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, stipulated for women a stipulation and stipulated upon them a stipulation; He did not favor them in what He stipulated for them, nor did He wrong in what He stipulated upon them. As for what He stipulated for them, in the case of ila’ it is four months, as Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says:

_1) -الكافي 6:1/113. -al-Kafi 6:1/113.

[1] في المصدر:فلم يجأ بهن.

[2] في المصدر:اشترط.

لِلَّذِينَ يُؤْلُونَ مِنْ نِسٰائِهِمْ تَرَبُّصُ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ [1] فَلَمْ يُجَوِّزْ لِأَحَدٍ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ فِي الْإِيلاَءِ،لِعِلْمِهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَنَّهُ غَايَةُ صَبْرِ الْمَرْأَةِ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ.

وَ أَمَّا مَا شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِنَّ،فَإِنَّهُ أَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ-إِذَا مَاتَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا-أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً،فَأَخَذَ مِنْهَا لَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهُ لَهَا فِي حَيَاتِهِ عِنْدَ الْإِيلاَءِ،قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً وَ لَمْ يَذْكُرِ الْعَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْعِدَّةِ إِلاَّ مَعَ الْأَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ،وَ عَلِمَ أَنَّ غَايَةَ صَبْرِ الْمَرْأَةِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ فِي تَرْكِ الْجِمَاعِ،فَمِنْ ثَمَّ أَوْجَبَهُ عَلَيْهَا وَ لَهَا».

And for those who swear abstinence from their wives is a waiting of four months [1]; He did not allow anyone more than four months in ila’, knowing—blessed and exalted is He—that it is the utmost of a woman’s patience with respect to a man. And as for what He stipulated upon them: He commanded her, when her husband dies, to observe a waiting period of four months and ten. Thus He took from her for him at his death what He took from him for her in his life regarding ila’. Allah, blessed and exalted, said: “They shall keep themselves in waiting for four months and ten,” and He did not mention the ten days in the ‘idda except together with the four months, and He knew that the utmost of a woman’s patience in refraining from intercourse is four months; therefore He made it obligatory upon her and for her.

[1] البقرة 2:226.

99-/1262 _2- عَنْهُ:عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ سَمَاعَةَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،قَالَ: جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)تَسْتَفْتِيهِ فِي الْمَبِيتِ [2] فِي غَيْرِ بَيْتِهَا،وَ قَدْ مَاتَ زَوْجُهَا.

فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَانَ إِذَا مَاتَ زَوْجُ الْمَرْأَةِ أَحَدَّتْ [3] عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتُهُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ شَهْراً،فَلَمَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)رَحِمَ ضَعْفَهُنَّ،فَجَعَلَ عِدَّتَهُنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً،وَ أَنْتُنَّ لاَ تَصْبِرْنَ عَلَى هَذَا!».

99-/1262 -2- From him: from Humayd ibn Ziyad, from Ibn Sama‘ah, from Muhammad ibn Abi Hamzah, from Abu Ayyub, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: A woman came to Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) asking him for a ruling about spending the night [2] away from her house, and her husband had died. He said: The people of the Jahiliyyah, when a woman’s husband died, his wife would observe mourning [3] for him for twelve months. When Allah sent Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family), He had mercy on their weakness and made their waiting period four months and ten. And you cannot be patient with this!

_2) -الكافي 6:10/117. -al-Kafi 6:10/117.

_3) -الكافي 6:13/117. -al-Kafi 6:13/117.

[2] في«ط» نسخة بدل:التبييت.

[3] أحدّت المرأة:امتنعت عن الزّينة و الخضاب بعد وفاة زوجها.«الصحاح-حدد-2:463».

99-/1263 _3- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ:

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ يُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا،وَ تَكُونُ فِي عِدَّتِهَا،أَ تَخْرُجُ فِي حَقٍّ؟ فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ بَعْضَ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)سَأَلَتْهُ،فَقَالَتْ:إِنَّ فُلاَنَةَ تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا،فَتَخْرُجُ فِي حَقٍّ يَنُوبُهَا؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):أُفٍّ لَكُنَّ،قَدْ كُنْتُنَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ أُبْعَثَ فِيكُنَّ،وَ إِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ مِنْكُنَّ إِذَا تُوُفَِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا، أَخَذَتْ بَعْرَةً فَرَمَتْ بِهَا خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهَا،ثُمَّ قَالَتْ:لاَ أَمْتَشِطُ وَ لاَ أَكْتَحِلُ وَ لاَ أَخْتَضِبُ حَوْلاً كَامِلاً،وَ إِنَّمَا أَمَرْتُكُنَّ بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْرٍ ثُمَّ لاَ تَصْبِرْنَ!لاَ تَمْتَشِطُ،وَ لاَ تَكْتَحِلُ،وَ لاَ تَخْتَضِبُ،وَ لاَ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا نَهَاراً،وَ لاَ تَبِيتُ عَنْ بَيْتِهَا.

فَقَالَتْ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،فَكَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ إِنْ عَرَضَ لَهَا حَقٌّ؟فَقَالَ:تَخْرُجُ بَعْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ [4]،وَ تَرْجِعُ عِنْدَ الْمَسَاءِ،فَتَكُونُ لَمْ تَبِتْ عَنْ بَيْتِهَا».

قُلْتُ لَهُ:فَتَحُجُّ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ».

99-/1263 -3- And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Mahbub, from ‘Ali ibn Ri’ab, from Abu Basir, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) about a woman whose husband has died while she is in her waiting period—does she go out for a right that is due? He said: Some of the Prophet’s wives (may Allah bless him and his family) asked him and said: So-and-so’s husband has died; does she go out for a matter that comes upon her? The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said to her: Fie on you! You were before I was sent among you; when one of you had her husband die, she would take a dung pellet and throw it behind her back, then say: I will not comb my hair, apply kohl, or dye for a full year. I have only commanded you to [observe] four months and ten—and then you will not be patient! She is not to comb her hair, apply kohl, or dye, nor go out of her house by day, nor spend the night away from her house. She said: O Messenger of Allah, what should she do if a right presents itself to her? He said: She goes out after the sun has passed the zenith [4], and she returns at evening, so that she has not spent the night away from her house. I said to him: Does she perform Hajj? He said: Yes.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:386/121. -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:386/121.

[4] في المصدر:زوال الليل.

99-/1264 _4- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: وَ الَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَ يَذَرُونَ أَزْوٰاجاً يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً جِئْنَ النِّسَاءُ يُخَاصِمْنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ قُلْنَ:لاَ نَصْبِرُ.فَقَالَ لَهُنَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):كَانَتْ إِحْدَاكُنَّ إِذَا مَاتَ زَوْجُهَا،أَخَذَتْ بَعْرَةً فَأَلْقَتْهَا خَلْفَهَا فِي دُوَيْرَتِهَا،فِي خِدْرِهَا،ثُمَّ قَعَدَتْ،فَإِذَا كَانَ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ مِنَ الْحَوْلِ،أَخَذَتْهَا فَفَتَّتْهَا،ثُمَّ اكْتَحَلَتْ بِهَا،ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَتْ،فَوَضَعَ اللَّهُ عَنْكُنَّ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَشْهُرٍ».

99-/1264 -4- Al-‘Ayyashi: from Abu Bakr al-Hadrami, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: When this verse was revealed: “And those of you who die and leave wives behind, they should keep themselves in waiting for four months and ten,” the women came disputing with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) and said: We will not be patient. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said to them: One of you, when her husband died, would take a dung pellet and throw it behind her in her small room, in her seclusion, then sit. When the like of that day of the year came around, she would take it and crumble it, then apply kohl with it, and then remarry. So Allah has lifted from you eight months.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:387/122. -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:387/122.

99-/1265 _5- عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ فِي امْرَأَةٍ تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا لَمْ يَمَسَّهَا.قَالَ:«لاَ تَنْكِحُ حَتَّى تَعْتَدَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً،عِدَّةَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا».

99-/1265 -5- From ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: I heard him say regarding a woman whose husband died without having had intercourse with her: She does not marry until she observes a waiting period of four months and ten—the ‘idda of one whose husband has died.

99-/1266 _6- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: مَتٰاعاً إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرٰاجٍ [1].

قَالَ:«مَنْسُوخَةٌ،نَسَخَتْهَا: يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً ،وَ نَسَخَتْهَا آيَةُ الْمِيرَاثِ».

99-/1266 -6- From Abu Basir, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: I asked him about His saying: “A provision until the year without being turned out” [1]. He said: It is abrogated; it was abrogated by: “They should keep themselves in waiting for four months and ten,” and it was abrogated by the verse of inheritance.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:388/122. -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:388/122.

[1] البقرة 2:240.

99-/1267 _7- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،كَيْفَ صَارَتْ عِدَّةُ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ ثَلاَثَ حِيَضٍ أَوْ ثَلاَثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ،وَ صَارَتْ عِدَّةُ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً؟ فَقَالَ:«أَمَّا عِدَّةُ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ ثَلاَثَةُ قُرُوءٍ،فَلِأَجْلِ اسْتِبْرَاءِ الرَّحِمِ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ،وَ أَمَّا عِدَّةُ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ شَرَطَ لِلنِّسَاءِ شَرْطاً وَ شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِنَّ شَرْطاً؛فَلَمْ يُحَابِهِنَّ [2] فِيمَا شَرَطَ لَهُنَّ،وَ لَمْ يَجُرْ فِيمَا شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِنَّ؛أَمَّا مَا شَرَطَ لَهُنَّ فَفِي الْإِيلاَءِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ؛إِذْ يَقُولُ: لِلَّذِينَ يُؤْلُونَ مِنْ نِسٰائِهِمْ تَرَبُّصُ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ [3]فَلَنْ يُجَوِّزَ لِأَحَدٍ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ فِي الْإِيلاَءِ،لِعِلْمِهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَنَّهَا غَايَةُ صَبْرِ الْمَرْأَةِ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ.

وَ أَمَّا مَا شَرَطَ عَلَيْهِنَّ فَإِنَّهُ أَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ إِذَا مَاتَ زَوْجُهَا أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَ عَشْراً،فَأَخَذَ لَهُ مِنْهَا عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ،مَا أَخَذَ لَهَا مِنْهُ فِي حَيَاتِهِ».

99-/1267 -7- From Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: I said to him: May I be your ransom, how is it that the ‘idda of the divorced woman is three menstruations or three months, while the ‘idda of the one whose husband has died is four months and ten? He said: As for the ‘idda of the divorced woman—three periods—it is in order to ensure the womb is free of a child. As for the ‘idda of the one whose husband has died: Allah stipulated for women a stipulation and stipulated upon them a stipulation; He did not favor them in what He stipulated for them, nor did He wrong in what He stipulated upon them. As for what He stipulated for them, in the matter of ila’ it is four months, as He says: “For those who swear abstinence from their wives is a waiting of four months” [3]; so He will not permit anyone more than four months in ila’, knowing—blessed and exalted is He—that this is the utmost of a woman’s patience away from a man. And as for what He stipulated upon them: He commanded her, when her husband dies, to observe a waiting period of four months and ten—so He took from her for him at his death what He took from him for her in his life.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:389/122. -Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:389/122.

[2] في المصدر:فلم يجر.

[3] البقرة 2:226.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لاٰ جُنٰاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمٰا عَرَّضْتُمْ بِهِ مِنْ خِطْبَةِ النِّسٰاءِ أَوْ أَكْنَنْتُمْ فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ عَلِمَ اللّٰهُ أَنَّكُمْ سَتَذْكُرُونَهُنَّ وَ لٰكِنْ لاٰ تُوٰاعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا إِلاّٰ أَنْ تَقُولُوا قَوْلاً مَعْرُوفاً وَ لاٰ تَعْزِمُوا عُقْدَةَ النِّكٰاحِ حَتّٰى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتٰابُ أَجَلَهُ[235]

Qur’an 2:235 (M. H. Shakir): And there is no blame on you respecting that which you speak indirectly in the asking of women in marriage or keep concealed within your minds; Allah knows that you will have them in your minds; but do not give them a promise in secret unless you speak in a lawful manner, and do not resolve the marriage tie until the prescribed term is completed.

99-/1268 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادٍ،عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ

99-/1268 -1- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hammad, from al-Halabi, from

_1) -الكافي 5:1/434. -al-Kafi 5:1/434.