Maryam Ayah 12-15

قلتُ: وَ مَا بُكَاؤُهَا؟ قال: «مَكَثَتْ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ بِحُمْرَةٍ وَ تَغْرُبُ بِحُمْرَةٍ». قلتُ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، هَذَا بُكَاؤُهَا؟ قال: «نَعَمْ».

I said: And how does it weep? He said: “For forty days the sun rose red and set red.” I said: May I be your ransom, is that its weeping? He said: “Yes.”

99-/6853 _18- وَ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَسَنِيِّ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ): «مَا بَكَتِ السَّمَاءُ[1]، إِلاَّ عَلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا وَ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)».

And from him, he said: My father (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to me, from Sa‘d ibn ‘Abdillah, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Barqi Muhammad ibn Khalid, from ‘Abd al-‘Azim ibn ‘Abdillah al-Hasani, from al-Hasan, from Abu Salamah, who said: Ja‘far ibn Muhammad (peace be upon them) said: “The sky wept only for Yahya son of Zakariya and for al-Husayn (peace be upon them).”

99-/6854 _19- وَ عَنْهُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) يَقُولُ: «كَانَ الَّذِي قَتَلَ الْحُسَيْنَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَلَدَ زِنًا، وَ الَّذِي قَتَلَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا وَلَدَ زِنًا». وَ قَالَ: اِحْمَرَّتِ السَّمَاءُ حِينَ قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «بَكَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَ الْأَرْضُ عَلَى الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ وَ عَلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)، وَ حُمْرَتُهَا بُكَاؤُهَا».

And from him, from his father, from Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Mahziyar, from his father, from ‘Ali ibn Mahziyar, from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id, from Fadalah ibn Ayyub, from Dawud ibn Farqad, who said: I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) say: “He who killed al-Husayn (peace be upon him) was born of fornication, and he who killed Yahya son of Zakariya was born of fornication.” He also said: The sky turned red for a year when al-Husayn was killed. Then he said: “The sky and the earth wept for al-Husayn ibn ‘Ali and for Yahya ibn Zakariya (peace be upon them), and its redness is its weeping.”

قوله تعالى:

يٰا يَحْيىٰ خُذِ الْكِتٰابَ بِقُوَّةٍ وَ آتَيْنٰاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا* وَ حَنٰاناً مِنْ لَدُنّٰا وَ زَكٰاةً وَ كٰانَ تَقِيًّا* وَ بَرًّا بِوٰالِدَيْهِ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ سَلاٰمٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَ يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيًّا [12-15]

Qur’an 19:12–15 (M. H. Shakir):

“O Yahya! Take hold of the Book with strength, and We granted him wisdom while yet a child, and tenderness from Us and purity, and he was pious, and dutiful to his parents, and he was not insolent, disobedient, and peace on him the day he was born, and the day he dies, and the day he is raised to life.”

99-/6855 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الرَّازِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الطَّيَالِسِيِّ، عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ، عَنْ حَكَمِ بْنِ أَيْمَنَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) يَقُولُ: «وَ اللَّهِ، لَقَدْ أُوتِيَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) الْحُكْمَ صَبِيّاً، كَمَا أُوتِيَ يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا الْحُكْمَ صَبِيّاً».

Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas said: ‘Ali ibn Sulayman al-Razi narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Tayalesi, from Sayf ibn ‘Umayrah, from Hakam ibn Ayman, who said: I heard Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) say: “By Allah, ‘Ali (peace be upon him) was granted judgment while a child, just as Yahya son of Zakariya was granted judgment while a child.”

99-/6856 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ، قَالَ: قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ وَ أَنَا أُرِيدُ مِصْرَ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)، وَ هُوَ إِذْ ذَاكَ خُمَاسِيٌّ، فَجَعَلْتُ أَتَأَمَّلُهُ لِأَصِفَهُ لِأَصْحَابِنَا بِمِصْرَ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ، وَ قَالَ: «يَا عَلِيُّ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَخَذَ فِي الْإِمَامَةِ كَمَا أَخَذَ فِي النُّبُوَّةِ، فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَهُ عَنْ يُوسُفَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ آتَيْنَاهُ حُكْمًا وَ عِلْمًا[1]، وَ قَالَ عَنْ يَحْيَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ آتَيْنٰاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا».

Al-‘Ayyashi: From ‘Ali ibn Asbat, who said: I came to Medina intending Egypt, and I entered upon Abu Ja‘far Muhammad ibn ‘Ali al-Rida (peace be upon them), and at that time he was five years old. I began to observe him to describe him to our companions in Egypt. He looked at me and said: “O ‘Ali, Allah has set forth [His proof] in the Imamate just as He has in prophethood. Exalted is He—about Yusuf (peace be upon him): ‘And when he had attained his maturity We gave him judgment and knowledge’ [Qur’an 12:22]; and He said about Yahya (peace be upon him): ‘And We granted him wisdom while yet a child’ [Qur’an 19:12].”

Qur’an 12:22 (M. H. Shakir): “And when he had attained his maturity We gave him wisdom and knowledge; and thus do We reward those who do good.”

Qur’an 19:12 (M. H. Shakir): “O Yahya! Take hold of the Book with strength, and We granted him wisdom while yet a child.”

_18) - كامل الزيارات:17/92.

Kamil al-Ziyarat: 17/92.

_19) - كامل الزيارات:21/93.

Kamil al-Ziyarat: 21/93.

_1) - تأويل الآيات 1:6/303.

Ta’wil al-Ayat 1:6/303.

_2) - ...مجمع البيان 6:781، تأويل الآيات 1:7/303.

...Majma‘ al-Bayan 6:781, Ta’wil al-Ayat 1:7/303.

[1] في المصدر زيادة: و الأرض.

Fi al-masdar ziyadah: wa al-ard.

وَ لَمّٰا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ آتَيْنٰاهُ حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً[1]، وَ قَالَ عَنْ يَحْيَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ آتَيْنٰاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا.

“And when he had attained his maturity We gave him wisdom and knowledge” [Qur’an 12:22, M. H. Shakir]; and He said about Yahya (peace be upon him): “And We granted him wisdom while yet a child” [Qur’an 19:12, M. H. Shakir].

99-/6857 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ الْكُنَاسِيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): أَ كَانَ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) حِينَ تَكَلَّمَ فِي الْمَهْدِ حُجَّةَ اللَّهِ عَلَى أَهْلِ زَمَانِهِ؟ فقال: «كَانَ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَبِيّاً حُجَّةً لِلَّهِ غَيْرَ مُرْسَلٍ، أَ مَا تَسْمَعُ لِقَوْلِهِ حِينَ قَالَ: إِنِّي عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ آتٰانِيَ الْكِتٰابَ وَ جَعَلَنِي نَبِيًّا* وَ جَعَلَنِي مُبٰارَكاً أَيْنَ مَا كُنْتُ وَ أَوْصٰانِي بِالصَّلٰاةِ وَ الزَّكٰاةِ مَا دُمْتُ حَيًّا[2]». قلتُ: فَكَانَ يَوْمَئِذٍ حُجَّةً لِلَّهِ عَلَى زَكَرِيَّا فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ وَ هُوَ فِي الْمَهْدِ؟ فقال: «كَانَ عِيسَى فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ آيَةً لِلنَّاسِ، وَ رَحْمَةً مِنَ اللَّهِ لِمَرْيَمَ حِينَ تَكَلَّمَ فَعَبَّرَ عَنْهَا، وَ كَانَ نَبِيّاً حُجَّةً عَلَى مَنْ سَمِعَ كَلاَمَهُ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ، ثُمَّ صَمَتَ فَلَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ حَتَّى مَضَتْ لَهُ سَنَتَانِ، وَ كَانَ زَكَرِيَّا الْحُجَّةَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ بَعْدَ مَا صَمَتَ عِيسَى سَنَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ مَاتَ زَكَرِيَّا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فَوَرِثَهُ ابْنُهُ يَحْيَى الْكِتَابَ وَ الْحِكْمَةَ، وَ هُوَ صَبِيٌّ صَغِيرٌ، أَ مَا تَسْمَعُ لِقَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يٰا يَحْيىٰ خُذِ الْكِتٰابَ بِقُوَّةٍ وَ آتَيْنٰاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) سَبْعَ سِنِينَ تَكَلَّمَ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ وَ الرِّسَالَةِ حِينَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ، فَكَانَ عِيسَى الْحُجَّةَ عَلَى يَحْيَى وَ عَلَى النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ».

Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: From several of our companions, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa, from Ibn Mahbub, from Hisham ibn Salim, from Yazid al-Kunasi, who said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him): Was ‘Isa son of Maryam (peace be upon him), when he spoke in the cradle, the proof of Allah for the people of his time? He said: “On that day he was a prophet, a proof for Allah, but not one sent [with a mission]. Do you not hear His saying when he said: ‘Surely I am a servant of Allah; He has given me the Book and made me a prophet, and He has made me blessed wherever I may be, and He has enjoined on me prayer and poor-rate so long as I live’ [Qur’an 19:30–31].” I said: So on that day was he Allah’s proof over Zakariya in that state while he was in the cradle? He said: “‘Isa in that state was a sign for the people and a mercy from Allah to Maryam when he spoke and thus defended her. He was a prophet, a proof over whoever heard his speech in that state. Then he fell silent and did not speak until two years had passed. Zakariya was the proof of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, over the people after ‘Isa was silent for two years. Then Zakariya (peace be upon him) died, and his son Yahya inherited the Book and wisdom while he was a small child. Do you not hear His saying, ‘O Yahya! Take hold of the Book with strength, and We granted him wisdom while yet a child’ [Qur’an 19:12]? When ‘Isa (peace be upon him) reached seven years, he spoke with prophethood and messengership when Allah, Exalted, revealed to him, and ‘Isa was the proof over Yahya and over all people.”

و الحديث يأتي بتمامه-إن شاء اللّه تعالى-في قوله تعالى: قٰالَ إِنِّي عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ آتٰانِيَ الْكِتٰابَ وَ جَعَلَنِي نَبِيًّا* وَ جَعَلَنِي مُبٰارَكاً أَيْنَ مٰا كُنْتُ وَ أَوْصٰانِي بِالصَّلاٰةِ وَ الزَّكٰاةِ مٰا دُمْتُ حَيًّا[3].

And the hadith will come in full—God willing—under His saying: “He said: Surely I am a servant of Allah; He has given me the Book and made me a prophet; and He has made me blessed wherever I may be, and He has enjoined on me prayer and poor-rate so long as I live” [Qur’an 19:30–31, M. H. Shakir].

Qur’an 19:30–31 (M. H. Shakir):

“Surely I am a servant of Allah; He has given me the Book and made me a prophet; and He has made me blessed wherever I may be, and He has enjoined on me prayer and poor-rate so long as I live.”

99-/6858 _4- وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمُكَارِي، عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: فَمَا عَنَى اللَّهُ بِقَوْلِهِ فِي يَحْيَى: وَ حَنٰاناً مِنْ لَدُنّٰا وَ زَكٰاةً وَ كٰانَ تَقِيًّا؟ قال: «تَحَنُّنَ اللَّهِ». قال: قلتُ: فَمَا بَلَغَ مِنْ تَحَنُّنِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ؟ قال: «كَانَ إِذَا قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ، قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: لَبَّيْكَ يَا يَحْيَى».

And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Muhammad, from some of his companions, from Muhammad ibn Sinan, from Abu Sa‘id al-Mukari, from Abu Hamzah, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: I asked: What did Allah mean by His saying about Yahya: “and tenderness from Us and purity, and he was pious”? He said: “Allah’s tenderness.” I said: How far did Allah’s tenderness toward him reach? He said: “Whenever he said, ‘My Lord,’ Allah, Mighty and Majestic, would say: ‘At your service, O Yahya.’”

99-/6859 _5- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، قَالَ: وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي كِتَابِهِ: وَ حَنٰاناً مِنْ لَدُنّٰا؟ قال: «كَانَ يَحْيَى إِذَا دَعَا وَ قَالَ فِي دُعَائِهِ: يَا رَبِّ، يَا اللَّهُ؛ نَادَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ: لَبَّيْكَ يَا يَحْيَى، سَلْ حَاجَتَكَ».

Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid said: And in the narration of Abu Basir, he said: I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): About Allah’s saying, Blessed and Exalted, in His Book: “and tenderness from Us”? He said: “When Yahya supplicated and said in his supplication, ‘My Lord, O Allah,’ Allah called to him from the heaven: ‘At your service, O Yahya. Ask your need.’”

99-/6860 _6- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَاسِرٌ الْخَادِمُ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ أَوْحَشَ مَا يَكُونُ هَذَا الْخَلْقُ فِي ثَلاَثَةِ مَوَاطِنَ: يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ فَيَرَى الدُّنْيَا، وَ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ فَيُعَايِنُ الْآخِرَةَ وَ أَهْلَهَا، وَ يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيّاً فَيَرَى أَحْكَاماً لَمْ يَرَهَا فِي دَارِ الدُّنْيَا، وَ قَدْ سَلَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى يَحْيَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي هَذِهِ الثَّلاَثَةِ مَوَاطِنَ وَ آمَنَ رَوْعَتَهُ، فَقَالَ: وَ سَلاٰمٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَ يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيًّا وَ قَدْ سَلَّمَ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فِي هَذِهِ الثَّلاَثَةِ مَوَاطِنَ، فَقَالَ: وَ السَّلاٰمُ عَلَيَّ يَوْمَ وُلِدْتُ وَ يَوْمَ أَمُوتُ وَ يَوْمَ أُبْعَثُ حَيًّا[1]».

Ibn Babawayh said: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Ahmad ibn al-Walid narrated to us, who said: Sa‘d ibn ‘Abdillah, from Ahmad ibn Hamzah al-Ash‘ari, who said: Yāsir the attendant narrated to me, who said: I heard Abu al-Hasan al-Rida (peace be upon him) say: “The creatures are at their most forlorn in three situations: the day he is born and emerges from his mother’s womb and sees the world; the day he dies and beholds the Hereafter and its people; and the day he is raised to life and sees judgments he had not seen in the abode of the world. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, bestowed peace upon Yahya (peace be upon him) in these three situations and secured him from terror, for He said: ‘And peace on him the day he was born, and the day he dies, and the day he is raised to life’ [Qur’an 19:15]. And ‘Isa son of Maryam (peace be upon him) bestowed peace upon himself in these three situations, for he said: ‘And peace on me the day I was born, and the day I die, and the day I am raised to life’ [Qur’an 19:33].”

Qur’an 19:33 (M. H. Shakir): “And peace on me on the day I was born, and on the day I die, and on the day I am raised to life.”

_3) - الكافي 1:1/313.

Al-Kafi 1:1/313.

_4) - الكافي 2:38/388.

Al-Kafi 2:38/388.

_5) - المحاسن:30/35.

Al-Mahasin: 30/35.

_6) - الخصال:71/107.

Al-Khisal: 71/107.

[1] يوسف 12:22.

Yusuf 12:22.

[2] مريم 19:30 و 31.

Maryam 19:30 wa 31.

[3] يأتي في الحديث(13) من تفسير الآيات(16-34) من هذه السورة.

Ya’ti fi al-hadith (13) min tafsir al-ayāt (16–34) min hadhihi al-surah.

99-/6861 _7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ، قَالَ: خَرَجَ إِلَيَّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)، فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى رَأْسِهِ وَ رِجْلَيْهِ لِأَصِفَ قَامَتَهُ لِأَصْحَابِنَا بِمِصْرَ، فَبَيْنَمَا أَنَا كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى قَعَدَ، وَ قَالَ: «يَا عَلِيُّ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ احْتَجَّ فِي الْإِمَامَةِ بِمِثْلِ مَا احْتَجَّ بِهِ فِي النُّبُوَّةِ، فَقَالَ: وَ آتَيْنٰاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا وَ قَالَ: فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَ بَلَغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً[2] فَقَدْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَى الْحُكْمَ صَبِيّاً، وَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَاهَا وَ هُوَ ابْنُ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً».

Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: From al-Husayn ibn Muhammad, from al-Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad, from ‘Ali ibn Asbat, who said: Muhammad ibn ‘Ali al-Rida (peace be upon them) came out to me. I looked at his head and his feet to describe his stature to our companions in Egypt. While I was thus, he sat and said: “O ‘Ali, Allah has argued for the Imamate with the like of what He argued for in prophethood. He said: ‘And We granted him wisdom while yet a child’ [Qur’an 19:12], and He said: ‘Until, when he attains his maturity and reaches forty years’ [Qur’an 46:15]. So it is permissible that he be given judgment as a child, and it is permissible that he be given it when he is forty years old.”

Qur’an 46:15 (M. H. Shakir): “And We have enjoined on man doing of good to his parents; with trouble did his mother bear him and with trouble did she bring him forth; and the bearing of him and the weaning of him was thirty months; until, when he attains his maturity and reaches forty years, he says: My Lord! grant me that I may give thanks for Thy favor which Thou hast bestowed on me and on my parents and that I may do good which pleases Thee, and do good to me in respect of my offspring; surely I turn to Thee, and surely I am of those who submit.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ اذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتٰابِ مَرْيَمَ إِذِ انْتَبَذَتْ مِنْ أَهْلِهٰا مَكٰاناً شَرْقِيًّا -إلى قوله تعالى- ذٰلِكَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ قَوْلَ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي فِيهِ يَمْتَرُونَ [16-34]

Qur’an 19:16–34 (M. H. Shakir):

“And mention Marium in the Book when she drew aside from her family to an eastern place; so she took a veil (to screen herself) from them; then We sent to her Our spirit, and there appeared to her a well-made man. She said: Surely I fly for refuge from you to the Beneficent Allah, if you are one guarding (against evil). He said: I am only a messenger of your Lord: That I will give you a pure boy. She said: When shall I have a boy and no mortal has yet touched me, nor have I been unchaste? He said: Even so; your Lord says: It is easy to Me: and that We may make him a sign to men and a mercy from Us, and it is a matter which has been decreed. So she conceived him; then withdrew herself with him to a remote place. And the throes (of childbirth) compelled her to betake herself to the trunk of a palm tree. She said: Oh, would that I had died before this, and had been a thing quite forgotten! Then (the child) called out to her from beneath her: Grieve not, surely your Lord has made a stream to flow beneath you; and shake towards you the trunk of the palm tree, it will drop on you fresh ripe dates: So eat and drink and refresh the eye. Then if you see any mortal, say: Surely I have vowed a fast to the Beneficent God, so I shall not speak to any man today. And she came to her people with him, carrying him (with her). They said: O Marium! surely you have done a strange thing. O sister of Haroun! your father was not a bad man, nor, was your mother an unchaste woman. But she pointed to him. They said: How should we speak to one who was a child in the cradle? He said: Surely I am a servant of Allah; He has given me the Book and made me a prophet; and He has made me blessed wherever I may be, and He has enjoined on me prayer and poor-rate so long as I live; and dutiful to my mother, and He has not made me insolent, unblessed; and peace on me on the day I was born, and on the day I die, and on the day I am raised to life. Such is Isa, son of Marium; (this is) the saying of truth about which they dispute.”

/6862 _1- قال عليّ بن إبراهيم: ثم قص اللّه عزّ و جلّ خبر مريم بنت عمران(عليها السلام)، فقال: وَ اذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتٰابِ مَرْيَمَ إِذِ انْتَبَذَتْ مِنْ أَهْلِهٰا مَكٰاناً شَرْقِيًّا قال: خرجت إلى النخلة اليابسة فَاتَّخَذَتْ مِنْ دُونِهِمْ حِجٰاباً قال: في محرابها فَأَرْسَلْنٰا إِلَيْهٰا رُوحَنٰا يعني جبرئيل(عليه السلام) فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهٰا بَشَراً سَوِيًّا* قٰالَتْ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِالرَّحْمٰنِ مِنْكَ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَقِيًّا يعني إن كنت ممن يتقي اللّه. قال لها جبرئيل(عليه السلام): إِنَّمٰا أَنَا رَسُولُ رَبِّكِ لِأَهَبَ لَكِ غُلاٰماً زَكِيًّا فأنكرت ذلك، لأنّها لم يكن في العادة أن تحمل المرأة من غير فحل، فقالت: أَنّٰى يَكُونُ لِي غُلاٰمٌ وَ لَمْ يَمْسَسْنِي بَشَرٌ وَ لَمْ أَكُ بَغِيًّا و لم يعلم جبرئيل(عليه السلام) أيضا كيفية القدرة، فقال لها: كَذٰلِكِ قٰالَ رَبُّكِ هُوَ عَلَيَّ هَيِّنٌ وَ لِنَجْعَلَهُ آيَةً لِلنّٰاسِ وَ رَحْمَةً مِنّٰا وَ كٰانَ أَمْراً مَقْضِيًّا. قال: فنفخ في جيبها، فحملت بعيسى(عليه السلام) بالليل و وضعته بالغداة، و كان حملها تسع ساعات من

‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, related the account of Maryam daughter of ‘Imran (peace be upon her), saying: “And mention Maryam in the Book when she withdrew from her family to an eastern place.” He said: She went out to a withered palm tree. “So she took a veil (to screen herself) from them,” he said: in her sanctuary. “Then We sent to her Our Spirit,” meaning Jibril (peace be upon him), “and there appeared to her a well-made man. She said: Surely I seek refuge with the Beneficent from you, if you are one who guards against evil,” meaning if you are among those who fear Allah. Jibril (peace be upon him) said to her: “I am only a messenger of your Lord so that I may grant you a pure boy.” She rejected that because it was not customary for a woman to conceive without a male. She said: “How shall I have a boy and no mortal has touched me, nor have I been unchaste?” Jibril (peace be upon him) also did not know the manner of [divine] power. He said to her: “Even so, your Lord has said: It is easy to Me, and that We may make him a sign to the people and a mercy from Us, and it is a matter decreed.” He said: He blew into her collar opening, so she conceived ‘Isa (peace be upon him) at night and delivered him in the morning, and her pregnancy lasted nine hours.

_7) - الكافي 1:7/315.

Al-Kafi 1:7/315.

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:48.

Tafsir al-Qummi 2:48.

[1] مريم 19:33.

Maryam 19:33.

[2] الأحقاف 46:15.

Al-Ahqaf 46:15.