S 2 A 172

(التَّفْسِيرُ الْمَنْسُوبُ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): « إِنَّمٰا يَأْمُرُكُمْ الشَّيْطَانُ بِالسُّوءِ بِسُوءِ الْمَذْهَبِ وَ الاِعْتِقَادِ فِي خَيْرِ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ جُحُودِ وَلاَيَةِ أَفْضَلِ أَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ بَعْدَ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ أَنْ تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللّٰهِ مٰا لاٰ تَعْلَمُونَ بِإِمَامَةِ مَنْ لَمْ يَجْعَلِ اللَّهُ لَهُ فِي الْإِمَامَةِ حَظّاً،وَ مَنْ جَعَلَهُ مِنْ أَرَاذِلِ أَعْدَائِهِ وَ أَعْظَمِهِمْ كُفْراً بِهِ».

99-/_1- al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): “Satan only commands you to evil: to the evil of doctrine and belief concerning the best of Allah’s creation, Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa ālihi), and to the denial of the wilayah of the best of Allah’s friends after Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah; and that you say against Allah what you do not know—by asserting the imamate of one for whom Allah has assigned no share in the Imamate, and of one whom He has placed among the lowest of His enemies and the greatest of them in disbelief in Him.”

قوله تعالى:

يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبٰاتِ مٰا رَزَقْنٰاكُمْ وَ اشْكُرُوا لِلّٰهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ إِيّٰاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ[172]

Qur’an 2:172 (M. H. Shakir): O you who believe! eat of the good things that We have provided you with, and give thanks to Allah if Him do you serve.

(التَّفْسِيرُ الْمَنْسُوبُ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِتَوْحِيدِ اللَّهِ،وَ نُبُوَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،وَ بِإِمَامَةِ عَلِيٍّ وَلِيِّ اللَّهِ كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبٰاتِ مٰا رَزَقْنٰاكُمْ وَ اشْكُرُوا لِلّٰهِ عَلَى مَا رَزَقَكُمْ مِنْهَا بِالْمُقَامِ عَلَى وَلاَيَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ لِيَقِيَكُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بِذَلِكَ شُرُورَ الشَّيَاطِينِ الْمُتَمَرِّدَةِ عَلَى رَبِّهَا عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،فَإِنَّكُمْ كُلَّمَا جَدَّدْتُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَلاَيَةَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)تَجَدَّدُ عَلَى مَرَدَةِ الشَّيَاطِينِ لَعَائِنُ اللَّهِ،وَ أَعَاذَكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ نَفَخَاتِهِمْ وَ نَفَثَاتِهِمْ.فَلَمَّا قَالَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،قِيلَ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَ مَا نَفَخَاتُهُمْ؟ قَالَ:هِيَ مَا يَنْفُخُونَ بِهِ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ فِي الْإِنْسَانِ الَّذِي يَحْمِلُونَهُ عَلَى هَلاَكِهِ فِي دِينِهِ وَ دُنْيَاهُ،وَ قَدْ يَنْفُخُونَ فِي غَيْرِ حَالِ الْغَضَبِ بِمَا يُهْلِكُونَ بِهِ.

أَ تَدْرُونَ مَا أَشَدُّ مَا يَنْفُخُونَ بِهِ؟هُوَ مَا يَنْفُخُونَ بِأَنْ يُوهِمُوهُ أَنَّ أَحَداً مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ فَاضِلٌ عَلَيْنَا،أَوْ عِدْلٌ لَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ،كَلاَّ-وَ اللَّهِ-بَلْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مُحَمَّداً ثُمَّ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ فَوْقَ جَمِيعِ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ،كَمَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى السَّمَاءَ فَوْقَ الْأَرْضِ،وَ كَمَا زَادَ نُورُ الشَّمْسِ وَ الْقَمَرِ عَلَى السُّهَا.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):وَ أَمَّا نَفَثَاتُهُ:فَأَنْ يَرَى أَحَدُكُمْ أَنَّ شَيْئاً بَعْدَ الْقُرْآنِ أَشْفَى لَهُ مِنْ ذِكْرِنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ عَلَيْنَا،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَعَلَ ذِكْرَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ شِفَاءً لِلصُّدُورِ،وَ جَعَلَ الصَّلَوَاتِ عَلَيْنَا مَاحِيَةً لِلْأَوْزَارِ وَ الذُّنُوبِ،وَ مُطَهِّرَةً مِنَ الْعُيُوبِ وَ مُضَاعِفَةً لِلْحَسَنَاتِ».

99-/_2- al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): “Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: O you who believe in the oneness of Allah, the prophethood of Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, and the imamate of ‘Alī, the Friend of Allah, eat of the good things We have provided for you, and give thanks to Allah for what He has provided you therefrom by standing firm upon the wilayah of Muhammad and ‘Alī, so that Allah, Exalted, will thereby protect you from the evils of the devils who rebel against their Lord, Mighty and Majestic. For whenever you renew upon yourselves the wilayah of Muhammad and ‘Alī (peace be upon them), Allah’s curses are renewed upon the rebellious devils, and Allah protects you from their blowings and their whisperings.” When the Messenger of Allah (salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa ālihi) said this, it was asked: “O Messenger of Allah, what are their blowings?” He said: “It is what they blow into a person at the time of anger to drive him to his ruin in his religion and his worldly life; and they may also blow at other than a time of anger with that by which they destroy.” Do you know what is the most severe of what they blow with? It is that they blow by suggesting to him that someone in this ummah is superior to us, or equal to us, the People of the House. By no means—by Allah! Rather, Allah, Exalted, has set Muhammad, then the Family of Muhammad, above all of this ummah, just as Allah, Exalted, has placed the heaven above the earth, and as the light of the sun and the moon exceeds that of al-Suhā (the dim star). The Messenger of Allah (salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa ālihi) said: “As for his whisperings: it is that one of you should think that anything after the Qur’an is more healing for him than our remembrance, the People of the House, and sending blessings upon us. For Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has made our remembrance, the People of the House, a healing for the breasts, and has made the prayers upon us effacing of burdens and sins, purifying from defects, and multiplying good deeds.”

(وَ عَنْهُ: «قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنْ كُنْتُمْ إِيّٰاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ أَيْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ فَاشْكُرُوا نِعْمَةَ اللَّهِ بِطَاعَةِ مَنْ أَمَرَكُمْ بِطَاعَتِهِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ خُلَفَائِهِمُ الطَّيِّبِينَ».)

99-/_2- al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): “And from him: Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: If it is Him that you worship—meaning, if it is Him that you worship—then give thanks for Allah’s favor by obeying those whose obedience He has commanded you: Muhammad and ‘Alī and their pure successors.”

(شَرْحُ نَهْجِ الْبَلاَغَةِ):قَالَ:وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ الَّذِي رَوَيْتُهُ عَنِ الشُّيُوخِ وَ رَأَيْتُهُ بِخَطِّ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْخَشَّابِ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ): أَنَّ الرَّبِيعَ بْنَ زِيَادٍ الْحَارِثِيَّ أَصَابَتْهُ نُشَّابَةٌ فِي جَبِينِهِ فَكَانَتْ تَنْتَقِضُ عَلَيْهِ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ،فَأَتَاهُ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَائِداً،فَقَالَ:«كَيْفَ تَجِدُكَ أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ؟»قَالَ:أَجِدُنِي-يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ-لَوْ كَانَ لاَ يَذْهَبُ مَا بِي إِلاَّ بِذَهَابِ بَصَرِي لَتَمَنَّيْتُ ذَهَابَهُ.

قَالَ:«وَ مَا قِيمَةُ بَصَرِكَ عِنْدَكَ؟»قَالَ:لَوْ كَانَتْ لِيَ الدُّنْيَا لَفَدَيْتُهُ بِهَا.

قَالَ:«لاَ جَرَمَ لَيُعْطِيَنَّكَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قَدْرِ ذَلِكَ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُعْطِي عَلَى قَدْرِ الْأَلَمِ وَ الْمُصِيبَةِ،وَ عِنْدَهُ تَضْعِيفٌ كَثِيرٌ».

قَالَ الرَّبِيعُ:يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،أَ لاَ أَشْكُوا إِلَيْكَ عَاصِمَ بْنَ زِيَادٍ أَخِي؟قَالَ:«مَا لَهُ»؟قَالَ:لَبِسَ الْعَبَاءَ وَ تَرَكَ الْمُلاَءَ،وَ غَمَّ أَهْلَهُ وَ حَزَّنَ وُلْدَهُ.

فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«ادْعُوا لِي عَاصِماً»فَلَمَّا أَتَاهُ عَبَسَ فِي وَجْهِهِ،وَ قَالَ:«وَيْحَكَ-يَا عَاصِمُ-أَ تَرَى اللَّهَ أَبَاحَ لَكَ اللَّذَّاتِ،وَ هُوَ يَكْرَهُ مَا أَخَذْتَ مِنْهَا؟لَأَنْتَ أَهْوَنُ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ،أَ وَ مَا سَمِعْتَهُ يَقُولُ: مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ يَلْتَقِيٰانِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُمَا اللُّؤْلُؤُ وَ الْمَرْجٰانُ وَ قَالَ: وَ مِنْ كُلٍّ تَأْكُلُونَ لَحْماً طَرِيًّا وَ تَسْتَخْرِجُونَ حِلْيَةً تَلْبَسُونَهٰا.

أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ ابْتِذَالُ نِعَمِ اللَّهِ بِالْفَعَالِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ مِنِ ابْتِذَالِهَا بِالْمَقَالِ،وَ قَدْ سَمِعْتُمُ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: وَ أَمّٰا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ،وَ قَوْلُهُ: قُلْ مَنْ حَرَّمَ زِينَةَ اللّٰهِ الَّتِي أَخْرَجَ لِعِبٰادِهِ وَ الطَّيِّبٰاتِ مِنَ الرِّزْقِ.

إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَاطَبَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَا خَاطَبَ بِهِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ،فَقَالَ: يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبٰاتِ مٰا رَزَقْنٰاكُمْ وَ قَالَ: يٰا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّبٰاتِ وَ اعْمَلُوا صٰالِحاً،وَ قَالَ رَسُولُ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لِبَعْضِ نِسَائِهِ:مَا لِي أَرَاكِ شَعْثَاءَ مَرْهَاءَ سَلْتَاءَ؟».

99-/_3- Sharḥ Nahj al-Balāgha: He said: Know that what I have narrated from the shuyūkh, and what I saw in the handwriting of ‘Abd Allāh b. Aḥmad b. al-Khashshāb (may Allah have mercy on him), is that al-Rabī‘ b. Ziyād al-Ḥārithī was struck by an arrowhead in his forehead, and it used to flare up on him every year. ‘Alī (alayhi al-salām) came to visit him and said: “How do you find yourself, Abā ‘Abd al-Raḥmān?” He said: “I find, O Commander of the Faithful, that if what is with me would only leave by the going of my sight, I would wish for my sight to go.” He said: “And what is the value of your sight to you?” He said: “If the world were mine, I would ransom it with it.” He said: “Surely Allah will give you according to that, for Allah gives according to the measure of pain and affliction, and with Him is much multiplication.” Al-Rabī‘ said: “O Commander of the Faithful, shall I not complain to you about my brother ‘Āṣim b. Ziyād?” He said: “What is the matter with him?” He said: “He has put on a coarse cloak and abandoned fine garments, and he has distressed his family and saddened his children.” He (alayhi al-salām) said: “Call ‘Āṣim to me.” When he came to him, he frowned in his face and said: “Woe to you, O ‘Āṣim! Do you think Allah has made pleasures lawful for you while He dislikes what you have taken of them? You are too insignificant to Allah for that. Have you not heard Him say: ‘He has made the two seas to flow freely—they meet’ (al-Raḥmān 55:19), then He said: ‘There come forth from them pearls and coral’ (al-Raḥmān 55:22), and He said: ‘And you eat fresh flesh from them and bring forth ornaments which you wear’ (Fāṭir 35:12). By Allah, displaying Allah’s favors through deeds is more beloved to Him than displaying them merely through words. And you have heard Allah say: ‘And as for the favor of your Lord, do announce it’ (al-Ḍuḥā 93:11), and His saying: ‘Say: Who has forbidden the adornment of Allah which He has brought forth for His servants and the good things of the sustenance?’ (al-A‘rāf 7:32). Allah has addressed the believers with what He addressed the messengers, for He said: ‘O you who believe! eat of the good things that We have provided you’ (al-Baqarah 2:172), and He said: ‘O messengers! eat of the good things and do good’ (al-Mu’minūn 23:51).” And the Messenger (salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa ālihi) said to one of his wives: “What is it with me that I see you disheveled, unlined, and un-dyed?”

قَالَ عَاصِمٌ:فَلِمَ اقْتَصَرْتَ-يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ-عَلَى لُبْسِ الْخَشِنِ،وَ أَكْلِ الْجَشِبِ؟ قَالَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى افْتَرَضَ عَلَى أَئِمَّةِ الْعَدْلِ أَنْ يُقَدِّرُوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ بِالْقِوَامِ كَيْلاَ يَتَبَيَّغَ بِالْفَقِيرِ فَقْرُهُ»فَمَا قَامَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)حَتَّى نَزَعَ عَاصِمٌ الْعَبَاءَةَ وَ لَبِسَ مُلاَءَةً.

99-/_3- He (i.e., ‘Āṣim) said: “Then why is it, O Commander of the Faithful, that you limit yourself to wearing coarse clothing and eating rough food?” He said: “Verily Allah, Exalted, has made it obligatory upon the leaders of justice to estimate for themselves according to sufficiency, lest the poverty of the poor rage within him.” ‘Alī (alayhi al-salām) did not rise until ‘Āṣim removed the coarse cloak and put on a fine garment.

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى:

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَكْتُمُونَ مٰا أَنْزَلَ اللّٰهُ مِنَ الْكِتٰابِ وَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِهِ ثَمَناً قَلِيلاً أُولٰئِكَ مٰا يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ إِلاَّ النّٰارَ وَ لاٰ يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللّٰهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ وَ لاٰ يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذٰابٌ أَلِيمٌ[174]

Qur’an 2:174 (M. H. Shakir): Surely those who conceal any part of the Book that Allah has revealed and take for it a small price, they eat nothing but fire into their bellies and Allah will not speak to them on the day of resurrection, nor will He purify them, and they shall have a painful chastisement.

(تَفْسِيرُ الْمَنْسُوبِ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي صِفَةِ الْكَاتِمِينَ لِفَضْلِنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَكْتُمُونَ مٰا أَنْزَلَ اللّٰهُ مِنَ الْكِتٰابِ الْمُشْتَمِلِ عَلَى ذِكْرِ فَضْلِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)عَلَى جَمِيعِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَ فَضْلِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَلَى جَمِيعِ الْوَصِيِّينَ.

وَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِهِ بِالْكِتْمَانِ ثَمَناً قَلِيلاً يَكْتُمُونَهُ لِيَأْخُذُوا عَلَيْهِ عَرَضاً مِنَ الدُّنْيَا يَسِيراً،وَ يَنَالُوا بِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا عِنْدَ جُهَّالِ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ رِئَاسَةً،قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: أُولٰئِكَ مٰا يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِلاَّ النّٰارَ بَدَلاً مِنْ إِصَابَتِهِمُ الْيَسِيرَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا لِكِتْمَانِهِمُ الْحَقَّ وَ لاٰ يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللّٰهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ بِكَلاَمٍ خَيْرٍ،بَلْ يُكَلِّمُهُمْ بِأَنْ يَلْعَنَهُمْ وَ يُخْزِيَهُمْ وَ يَقُولَ:بِئْسَ الْعِبَادُ أَنْتُمْ،غَيَّرْتُمْ تَرْتِيبِي،وَ أَخَّرْتُمْ مَنْ قَدَّمْتُهُ،وَ قَدَّمْتُمْ مَنْ أَخَّرْتُهُ،وَ وَالَيْتُمْ مَنْ عَادَيْتُهُ، وَ عَادَيْتُمْ مَنْ وَالَيْتُهُ.

وَ لاٰ يُزَكِّيهِمْ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِمْ،لِأَنَّ الذُّنُوبَ إِنَّمَا تَذُوبُ وَ تَضْمَحِلُّ إِذَا قُرِنَ بِهَا مُوَالاَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ آلِهِمَا الطَّيِّبِينَ(عَلَيْهِمْ السَّلاَمُ).فَأَمَّا مَا يُقْرَنُ بِهَا الزَّوَالُ عَنْ مُوَالاَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،فَتِلْكَ ذُنُوبٌ تَتَضَاعَفُ،وَ أَجْرَامٌ تَتَزَايَدُ، وَ عُقُوبَاتُهَا تَتَعَاظَمُ، وَ لَهُمْ عَذٰابٌ أَلِيمٌ مُوجِعٌ فِي النَّارِ».

99-/_1- al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): “Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said regarding those who conceal our merit, the People of the House: Surely those who conceal what Allah has sent down of the Book—which contains mention of the merit of Muhammad (salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa ālihi) over all the prophets, and the merit of ‘Alī (alayhi al-salām) over all the legatees— and who purchase thereby, by concealing it, a small price: they conceal it in order to take for it a paltry portion of this world and to attain through it, in this world and with the ignorant among Allah’s servants, a position of leadership. Allah, Exalted, said: Those are they who on the Day of Resurrection eat nothing in their bellies but fire, in exchange for what little of the world they obtained by concealing the truth; and Allah will not speak to them on the Day of Resurrection with good speech. Rather, He will speak to them by cursing them and abasing them and saying: ‘Evil servants you are! You altered My order; you put back whom I put forward, and you put forward whom I put back; you showed loyalty to those I made enemies, and you showed enmity to those to whom I showed loyalty.’ And He will not purify them from their sins, for sins indeed melt away and vanish only when they are coupled with loyalty to Muhammad and ‘Alī and their pure family (peace be upon them). As for what is coupled with turning away from loyalty to Muhammad and his family (peace be upon them), those are sins that multiply, crimes that increase, punishments that grow severe—and for them is a painful, grievous torment in the Fire.”

(دَعَائِمُ الْإِسْلاَمِ):عَنِ الْإِمَامِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «ثَلاَثَةٌ لاَ يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ لاَ يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ:اَلشَّيْخُ الزَّانِي،وَ الدَّيُّوثُ-وَ هُوَ الَّذِي لاَ يَغَارُ،وَ يَجْتَمِعُ النَّاسُ فِي بَيْتِهِ عَلَى الْفُجُورِ- وَ الْمَرْأَةُ تُوطِئُ فِرَاشَ زَوْجِهَا».

99-/_2- Da‘ā’im al-Islām: From Imām Ja‘far b. Muhammad al-Ṣādiq (alayhi al-salām), that he said: “Three persons Allah will not speak to on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He purify them, and for them is a painful punishment: an adulterous old man; the dayyūth—who is one who has no protective jealousy and in whose house people gather for debauchery; and the woman who brings another onto her husband’s bed.”

SOURCES/REFERENCES

_1) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):342/581.

- al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): 342/581.

_2) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):348/584.

- al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): 348/584.

_2) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):349/585.

- al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): 349/585.

_3) -شرح نهج البلاغة لابن أبي الحديد 11:35.

- Sharḥ Nahj al-Balāgha li-Ibn Abī al-Ḥadīd 11:35.

_1) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):352/585.

- al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): 352/585.

_2) -دعائم الإسلام 2:1570/448.

- Da‘ā’im al-Islām 2:1570/448.

GLOSSARY/NOTES

[1] الملاء و الملاءة

- al-mulā’ wa al-mulā’ah: thawb raqīq dhū shaqqayn.

[2] الرحمن 55:19

- al-Raḥmān 55:19.

[3] الرحمن 55:22

- al-Raḥmān 55:22.

[4] فاطر 35:12

- Fāṭir 35:12.

[5] الضحى 93:11

- al-Ḍuḥā 93:11.

[6] الأعراف 7:32

- al-A‘rāf 7:32.

[7] المؤمنون 23:51

- al-Mu’minūn 23:51.

[8] الشّعثاء:التي أغبر رأسها و تلبّد شعرها و انتشر لبعد عهده بالدّهن.

- al-sha‘thā’: allatī aghbara ra’suhā wa talabbada sha‘ruhā wa’ntashara libu‘di ‘ahdihā bi’l-duhn.

[9] المرهاء:التي تركت الاكتحال حتّى تبيضّ بواطن أجفانها.

- al-marhā’: allatī tarakat al-iktihāl hattā tabyaḍḍa bawāṭin ajfānihā.

[10] السلتاء:التي لا تختضب.

- al-saltā’: allatī lā takhtaḍib.

[1] القوام:ما يقيم الإنسان من القوت.

- al-qiwām: mā yuqīmu al-insān min al-qūt.

[2] تبيّغ به الفقر:غلب عليه و تجاوز الحدّ.

- tabayyaḡa bihi al-faqr: ghalaba ‘alayhi wa tajāwaza al-ḥadd.