S 45 Ayat 25 to 29
قوله تعالى:
وَ إِذا تُتْلى عَلَيْهِمْ آياتُنا بَيِّناتٍ ما كانَ حُجَّتَهُمْ إِلاَّ أَنْ قالُوا ائْتُوا بِآبائِنا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صادِقينَ (25)
قُلِ اللَّهُ يُحْييكُمْ ثُمَّ يُميتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يَجْمَعُكُمْ إِلى يَوْمِ الْقِيامَةِ لا رَيْبَ فيهِ وَ لكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لا يَعْلَمُونَ (26)
وَ لِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّماواتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ يَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَخْسَرُ الْمُبْطِلُونَ (27)
وَ تَرى كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ جاثِيَةً كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تُدْعى إِلى كِتابِهَا الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ ما كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ (28)
هذا كِتابُنا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسْتَنْسِخُ ما كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ (29)
45:25 And when Our clear communications are recited to them, their argument is no other than that they say: Bring our fathers (back) if you are truthful.
45:26 Say: Allah gives you life, then He makes you die, then He will gather you to the day of resurrection, wherein is no doubt, but most people do not know.
45:27 And Allah's is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth; and on the day when the hour shall come to pass, on that day shall they perish who say false things.
45:28 And you shall see every nation kneeling down; every nation shall be called to its book: today you shall be rewarded for what you did.
45:29 This is Our book that speaks against you with justice; surely We wrote down what you did.
/9747 _1-ثم حكى اللّه عزّ و جلّ قول الدهرية،فقال: وَ إِذٰا تُتْلىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيٰاتُنٰا بَيِّنٰاتٍ مٰا كٰانَ حُجَّتَهُمْ إِلاّٰ أَنْ قٰالُوا ائْتُوا بِآبٰائِنٰا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صٰادِقِينَ ،أي إنكم تبعثون بعد الموت،فقال اللّه تعالى: قُلِ اللّٰهُ يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يَجْمَعُكُمْ إِلىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيٰامَةِ لاٰ رَيْبَ فِيهِ وَ لٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النّٰاسِ لاٰ يَعْلَمُونَ .
و قوله تعالى: وَ يَوْمَ تَقُومُ السّٰاعَةُ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَخْسَرُ الْمُبْطِلُونَ ،قال:إلى ما يجب عليهم من أعمالهم،ثم قال: هٰذٰا كِتٰابُنٰا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ،الآيتان محكمتان.
/9747 _1- Then Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, related the words of the materialists, saying: “And when Our clear communications are recited to them, their argument is no other than that they say: Bring our fathers (back) if you are truthful.” (45:25) That is, if you claim that you will be resurrected after death. So Allah, the Exalted, said: “Say: Allah gives you life, then He makes you die, then He will gather you to the day of resurrection, wherein is no doubt, but most people do not know.” (45:26)
And His saying: “And on the day when the hour shall come to pass, on that day shall they perish who say false things.” (45:27) He said: [They will be brought] to account for the deeds they were obligated to perform. Then He said: “This is Our book that speaks against you with justice.” (45:29) These two verses are decisive.
99-/9748 _2- ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَزَارِيُّ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ ابْنِ عَلِيٍّ اللُّؤْلُؤِيِّ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ،عَنْ رَجُلٍ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: قُلْتُ: هٰذٰا كِتٰابُنٰا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ؟قَالَ:«إِنَّ الْكِتَابَ لَمْ يَنْطِقْ وَ لَنْ يَنْطِقَ،وَ لَكِنَّ
_5) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:294.
_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:295.
_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:295.
[1] (أصحابه)ليس في المصدر.
[2] الأنبياء 21:29.
[3] في المصدر:خوفا.
Page 30 in Arabic
رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) هُوَ النَّاطِقُ بِالْكِتَابِ،قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: هٰذٰا كِتٰابُنٰا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ».فَقُلْتُ:إِنَّا لاَ نَقْرَأُهَا هَكَذَا [1].فَقَالَ:«هَكَذَا وَ اللَّهِ نَزَلَ بِهَا جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ لَكِنَّهُ مِمَّا حُرِّفَ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ».
99-/9748 _2- Then Ali ibn Ibrahim said: Muhammad ibn Hammam narrated to us, saying: Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Fazari narrated to us, from al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Lu’lu’i, from al-Hasan ibn Ayyub, from Sulayman ibn Salih, from a man, from Abi Basir, from Abi Abdillah (peace be upon him).
He said: I asked, "This is Our book that speaks against you with justice" (45:29)?
He (peace be upon him) replied: "Indeed, the book does not speak, nor will it ever speak. Rather, it is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) who is the one speaking through the Book. Allah, the Exalted, says: 'This is Our book that speaks against you with justice.'"
I said: "But we do not recite it in this way."
He (peace be upon him) said: "By Allah, this is how Jibra'il (peace be upon him) revealed it to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), but it is among what has been altered from the Book of Allah."
99-/9749 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ الْمِصْرِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ:قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: هٰذٰا كِتٰابُنٰا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ؟قَالَ:فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ الْكِتَابَ لَمْ يَنْطِقْ وَ لَنْ يَنْطِقَ،وَ لَكِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)هُوَ النَّاطِقُ بِالْكِتَابِ، قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: هٰذٰا كِتٰابُنٰا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ».قَالَ:قُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّا لاَ نَقْرَأُهَا هَكَذَا،قَالَ:«هَكَذَا وَ اللَّهِ نَزَلَ بِهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ لَكِنَّهُ مِمَّا حُرِّفَ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ».
99-/9749 _3- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub narrated from a group of our companions, from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from Muhammad ibn Sulayman al-Daylami al-Misri, from his father, from Abi Basir, from Abi Abdillah (peace be upon him).
He said: I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: "This is Our book that speaks against you with justice" (45:29).
He (peace be upon him) said: "Indeed, the book does not speak, nor will it ever speak. Rather, it is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) who is the one speaking through the Book. Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: 'This is Our book that speaks against you with justice.'"
I said: "May I be your ransom, we do not recite it in this way."
He (peace be upon him) said: "By Allah, this is how Jibra'il revealed it to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), but it is among what has been altered from the Book of Allah."
99-/9750 _4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّيَّارِيِّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: هٰذٰا كِتٰابُنٰا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ؟قَالَ:«إِنَّ الْكِتَابَ لاَ يَنْطِقُ،وَ لَكِنْ مُحَمَّدٌ وَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،هُمُ النَّاطِقُونَ بِالْكِتَابِ».
99-/9750 _4- Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Ahmad ibn al-Qasim narrated to us, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Sayyari, from Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Barqi, from Muhammad ibn Sulayman, from Abi Basir.
He said: I asked Abi Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, the Exalted: "This is Our book that speaks against you with justice" (45:29).
He (peace be upon him) said: "Indeed, the book does not speak. Rather, Muhammad and his family (peace be upon them) are the ones who speak through the Book."
قوله تعالى:
إِنّٰا كُنّٰا نَسْتَنْسِخُ مٰا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ [29]
45:29 "Surely We wrote down what you did." (M. H. Shakir)
99-/9751 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:
سَأَلْتُهُ:أَ يَعْلَمُ اللَّهُ الشَّيْءَ الَّذِي لَمْ يَكُنْ أَنْ لَوْ كَانَ كَيْفَ كَانَ يَكُونُ؟ فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى هُوَ الْعَالِمُ بِالْأَشْيَاءِ قَبْلَ كَوْنِ الْأَشْيَاءِ،قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنّٰا كُنّٰا نَسْتَنْسِخُ مٰا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ،وَ قَالَ لِأَهْلِ النَّارِ: وَ لَوْ رُدُّوا لَعٰادُوا لِمٰا نُهُوا عَنْهُ وَ إِنَّهُمْ لَكٰاذِبُونَ [2]،فَقَدْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّهُ لَوْ رَدَّهُمْ [3]لَعَادُوا لِمَا نُهُوا عَنْهُ،وَ قَالَ لِلْمَلاَئِكَةِ لَمَّا قَالَتْ: أَ تَجْعَلُ فِيهٰا مَنْ يُفْسِدُ فِيهٰا وَ يَسْفِكُ الدِّمٰاءَ وَ نَحْنُ نُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِكَ وَ نُقَدِّسُ لَكَ قٰالَ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مٰا لاٰ تَعْلَمُونَ [4]،فَلَمْ يَزَلِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عِلْمَهُ سَابِقاً لِلْأَشْيَاءِ قَدِيماً قَبْلَ أَنْ
_3) -الكافي 8:11/50.
_4) -تأويل الآيات 2:7/577.
_1) -عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام)1:8/118.
[1] قال المجلسي:الظاهر أنّه قرأ(ينطق)على البناء للمفعول.مرآة العقول 25:108.و في المصدر:هذا بكتابنا ينطق.
[2] الأنعام 6:28.
[3] في المصدر:لو ردّوهم.
[4] البقرة 2:30.
Page 31 in Arabic
يَخْلُقَهَا،تَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ رَبُّنَا وَ تَعَالَى عُلُوّاً كَبِيراً،خَلَقَ الْأَشْيَاءَ وَ عِلْمُهُ بِهَا سَابِقٌ لَهَا كَمَا شَاءَ،كَذَلِكَ اللَّهُ لَمْ يَزَلْ رَبّاً عَالِماً سَمِيعاً بَصِيراً».
99-/9751 _1- Ibn Babawayh narrated with his chain from al-Husayn ibn Bashshar, from Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha (peace be upon him).
He said: I asked him, "Does Allah know of a thing that has not happened, how it would be if it were to happen?"
He (peace be upon him) replied: "Indeed, Allah, the Exalted, is the Knower of all things before their existence. Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: 'Surely We wrote down what you did.' (45:29) And He said to the people of the Fire: 'And if they were sent back, they would certainly go back to what they were forbidden, and most surely they are liars.' (6:28)
Thus, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, knew that if He were to return them [to the world], they would revert to what they were forbidden. And He said to the angels when they asked, 'Will You place in it one who will cause corruption in it and shed blood, while we celebrate Your praise and extol Your holiness?' He said, 'Surely I know what you do not know.' (2:30)
So, the knowledge of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has always preceded all things, ancient before their creation. Blessed is Allah, our Lord, and exalted is He greatly! He created all things, and His knowledge of them preceded them as He willed. Likewise, Allah has always been the Lord, the All-Knowing, the All-Hearing, and the All-Seeing."**
99-/9752 _2- رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِذَا ذَكَرَ الْعَبْدُ رَبَّهُ فِي قَلْبِهِ،كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فِي صَحِيفَةٍ، ثُمَّ يُعَارِضُ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ،فَيُرِيهِمُ اللَّهُ ذِكْرَ عَبْدِهِ لَهُ بِقَلْبِهِ،فَيَقُولُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ:رَبَّنَا عَمَلُ هَذَا الْعَبْدِ قَدْ أَحْصَيْنَاهُ،أَمَّا هَذَا الْعَمَلُ فَمَا نَعْرِفُهُ.فَيَقُولُ الرَّبُّ:إِنَّ عَبْدِي قَدْ ذَكَرَنِي بِقَلْبِهِ فَأَثْبَتُّهُ فِي صَحِيفَتِهِ،فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى:
إِنّٰا كُنّٰا نَسْتَنْسِخُ مٰا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ».
99-/9752 _2- It is narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) that he said:
**"When a servant remembers his Lord in his heart, Allah records it for him in a scroll. Then, on Thursday, it is presented before the angels. Allah shows them His servant’s remembrance of Him in his heart. The angels say, 'Our Lord, we have recorded this servant’s deeds, but we do not recognize this act.'
So the Lord says, 'Indeed, My servant has remembered Me in his heart, so I have recorded it in his scroll.' That is the meaning of His saying, the Exalted:**
'Surely We wrote down what you did.' (45:29)"**