S 2 A 229

قوله تعالى:

وَلَهُنَّ مِثْلُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلِلرِّجَالِ عَلَيْهِنَّ دَرَجَةٌ وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ

Reference: Al-Baqara 2:228

M. H. Shakir: And they (women) have rights similar to those against them in a just manner, and men have a degree over them; and Allah is Mighty, Wise.

99-/1207 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ فِي(الْفَقِيهِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالَتْ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،مَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا:تُطِيعُهُ وَ لاَ تَعْصِيهِ،وَ لاَ تَتَصَدَّقُ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا شَيْئاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ،وَ لاَ تَصُومُ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ،وَ لاَ تَمْنَعُهُ نَفْسَهَا، وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَى ظَهْرِ قَتَبٍ،وَ لاَ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ،فَإِنْ خَرَجَتْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ لَعَنَتْهَا مَلاَئِكَةُ السَّمَاءِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ الْأَرْضِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ الْغَضَبِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ حَتَّى تَرْجِعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا. فَقَالَتْ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،مَنْ أَعْظَمُ النَّاسِ حَقّاً عَلَى الرَّجُلِ؟قَالَ:وَالِدَاهُ. قَالَتْ:فَمَنْ أَعْظَمُ النَّاسِ حَقّاً عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ؟قَالَ:زَوْجُهَا. قَالَتْ:فَمَا لِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ مَا لَهُ عَلَيَّ؟قَالَ:لاَ،وَ لاَ مِنْ كُلِّ مِائَةٍ وَاحِدَةٌ. فَقَالَتْ:وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً لاَ يَمْلِكُ رَقَبَتِي رَجُلٌ أَبَداً».

99-/1207 - Ibn Babawayh in (al-Faqih): with his chain from al-Hasan b. Mahbub, from Malik b. Atiyya, from Muhammad b. Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) and said: O Messenger of Allah, what is the husband’s right over the wife? He said to her: She should obey him and not disobey him; she should not give charity from his house without his permission; she should not observe a voluntary fast without his permission; she should not refuse herself to him, even if she is on the back of a pack-saddle; and she should not leave her house without his permission. If she goes out without his permission, the angels of heaven, the angels of the earth, the angels of wrath, and the angels of mercy will curse her until she returns to her house. She said: O Messenger of Allah, who has the greatest right over the man? He said: His parents. She said: And who has the greatest right over the woman? He said: Her husband. She said: Then do I have over him a right equal to his over me? He said: No, not even one out of a hundred. She said: By Him Who sent you with the truth as a prophet, no man will ever own authority over me.

99-/1208 _2-و في(تفسير عليّ بن إبراهيم)قال:حق الرجال على النساء أفضل من حقّ النساء على الرجال.

99-/1208 - And in (Tafsir ‘Ali b. Ibrahim), he said: The right of men over women is superior to the right of women over men.

قوله تعالى:

اَلطَّلَاقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ

Reference: Al-Baqara 2:229 (full verse)

Arabic (full ayah): اَلطَّلَاقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَعْتَدُوهَا وَمَنْ يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ

M. H. Shakir: Divorce may be (pronounced) twice; then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness, and it is not lawful for you to take any part of what you have given them, unless both fear that they cannot keep within the limits of Allah; then if you fear that they cannot keep within the limits of Allah there is no blame on them for what she gives up to become free thereby. These are the limits of Allah, so do not exceed them; and whoever exceeds the limits of Allah—these it is that are the unjust.

99-/1209 _3- الشَّيْخُ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،وَ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ الرَّزَّازِ،عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ؛وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،جَمِيعاً،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «طَلاَقُ السُّنَّةِ يُطَلِّقُهَا تَطْلِيقَةً-يَعْنِي عَلَى طُهْرٍ،مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ،بِشَهَادَةِ شَاهِدَيْنِ-ثُمَّ يَدَعُهَا حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ أَقْرَاؤُهَا،فَإِذَا مَضَتْ أَقْرَاؤُهَا فَقَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ،وَ هُوَ خَاطِبٌ مِنَ الْخُطَّابِ،إِنْ شَاءَتْ نَكَحَتْهُ،وَ إِنْ شَاءَتْ فَلاَ.وَ إِنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُرَاجِعَهَا، أَشْهَدَ عَلَى رَجْعَتِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَمْضِيَ أَقْرَاؤُهَا،فَتَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى التَّطْلِيقَةِ الْمَاضِيَةِ».

99-/1209 - Al-Shaykh in (al-Tahdhib): with his chain from Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from Abu ‘Ali al-Ash‘ari, from Muhammad b. ‘Abd al-Jabbar, and Muhammad b. Ja‘far, and Abu al-‘Abbas al-Razzaz, from Ayyub b. Nuh; and ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from his father—together—from Ibn Abi Najran, from Safwan b. Yahya, from Ibn Maskan, from Muhammad b. Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: The divorce according to the Sunnah is that he pronounces one divorce—meaning in a state of purity, without intercourse, in the presence of two witnesses—then he leaves her until her periods pass. When her periods have passed, she is separated from him, and he is like one of the suitors: if she wishes, she may marry him, and if she wishes, she need not. If he wishes to take her back, he testifies to the revocation before her periods pass, and then she remains with him counting the previous divorce.

99-/1210 _2- قَالَ:وَ قَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: اَلطَّلَاقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ التَّطْلِيقَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ».

99-/1210 - He said: And Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), said: It is the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: Divorce may be (pronounced) twice; then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness. The third divorce is letting go with kindness.

99-/1211 _3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ فِي(الْفَقِيهِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنِ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا لاَ تَحِلُّ الْمُطَلَّقَةُ لِلْعِدَّةِ لِزَوْجِهَا حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ. فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنَّمَا أَذِنَ فِي الطَّلاَقِ مَرَّتَيْنِ،فَقَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: اَلطَّلَاقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ يَعْنِي فِي التَّطْلِيقَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ،وَ لِدُخُولِهِ فِيمَا كَرِهَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ مِنَ الطَّلاَقِ الثَّالِثِ حَرَّمَهَا عَلَيْهِ،فَلاَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ،لِئَلاَّ يُوقِعَ النَّاسَ فِي الاِسْتِخْفَافِ بِالطَّلاَقِ،وَ لاَ تُضَارَّ النِّسَاءُ،فَالْمُطَلَّقَةُ لِلْعِدَّةِ إِذَا رَأَتْ أَوَّلَ قَطْرَةٍ مِنَ الدَّمِ الثَّالِثِ بَانَتْ بِهِ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا،وَ لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ».

99-/1211 - Ibn Babawayh in (al-Faqih): with his chain from ‘Ali b. al-Hasan b. Faddal, from his father, who said: I asked al-Rida (peace be upon him) about the reason why a thrice-divorced woman does not become lawful for her husband until she marries another husband. He said: Allah, Mighty and Majestic, only permitted divorce twice, and He, Mighty and Majestic, said: Divorce may be (pronounced) twice; then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness—meaning the third pronouncement. Because he has entered into what Allah dislikes for him—the third divorce—He made her unlawful to him, and she does not become lawful to him until she marries another husband, so that people do not take divorce lightly and women are not harmed. A woman divorced with a waiting period, when she sees the first drop of the third menstrual blood, is thereby separated from her husband and is not lawful for him until she marries another husband.

99-/1212 _4- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ فِي الرَّجُلِ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْمَرْأَةَ. قَالَ:«أَقَرَّتْ بِالْمِيثَاقِ الَّذِي أَخَذَ اللَّهُ: فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ».

99-/1212 - Al-‘Ayyashi: from ‘Abd al-Rahman, who said: I heard Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) say regarding a man when he marries a woman: She has acknowledged the covenant which Allah has taken: then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness.

99-/1213 _5- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي لاَ تَحِلُّ لِزَوْجِهَا حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ:اَلَّتِي تُطَلَّقُ،ثُمَّ تُرَاجَعُ،ثُمَّ تُطَلَّقُ،ثُمَّ تُرَاجَعُ،ثُمَّ تُطَلَّقُ الثَّالِثَةَ،فَلاَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ؛إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ يَقُولُ: اَلطَّلَاقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ وَ التَّسْرِيحُ:هُوَ التَّطْلِيقَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ».

99-/1213 - From Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: The woman who does not become lawful for her husband until she marries another husband is she who is divorced, then taken back, then divorced, then taken back, then divorced the third time; she is not lawful for him until she marries another husband. Indeed Allah, Glorious and Mighty, says: Divorce may be (pronounced) twice; then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness; and letting go is the third pronouncement.

99-/1214 _6- قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا فَلاَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ مِنْ بَعْدُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ:«هِيَ هُنَا التَّطْلِيقَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ،فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا الْأَخِيرَ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ يَتَرَاجَعَا بِتَزْوِيجٍ جَدِيدٍ».

99-/1214 - He said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said regarding His saying, Then if he divorces her, she shall not be lawful to him afterwards until she marries another husband: Here it is the third pronouncement. If the latter husband divorces her, there is no blame on the two if they return to each other with a new marriage.

99-/1215 _7- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: اَلطَّلَاقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ وَ التَّسْرِيحُ بِالْإِحْسَانِ:اَلتَّطْلِيقَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ».

99-/1215 - From Abu Basir, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: Allah says: Divorce may be (pronounced) twice; then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness; and letting go with kindness is the third pronouncement.

99-/1216 _8-عن سماعة بن مهران،قال سألته عن المرأة التي لا تحل لزوجها حتّى تنكح زوجا غيره. قال:«هي التي تطلق،ثمّ تراجع،ثمّ تطلق،ثمّ تراجع،ثمّ تطلق الثالثة،فهي التي لا تحل لزوجها حتّى تنكح زوجا غيره،و تذوق عسيلته،و يذوق عسيلتها؛و هو قول اللّه: اَلطَّلَاقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ التسريح بالإحسان:التطليقة الثالثة».

99-/1216 - From Sama‘ah b. Mihran, who said: I asked him about the woman who does not become lawful for her husband until she marries another husband. He said: She is the one who is divorced, then taken back, then divorced, then taken back, then divorced the third time; she is the one who does not become lawful for her husband until she marries another husband and tastes his sweetness and he tastes her sweetness. And it is the saying of Allah: Divorce may be (pronounced) twice; then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness. Letting go with kindness is the third pronouncement.

99-/1217 _9- عَنْ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ الْفَارِسِيِّ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ مَا يَعْنِي بِذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ:«أَمَّا الْإِمْسَاكُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ فَكَفُّ الْأَذَى وَ إِحْبَاءُ النَّفَقَةِ،وَ أَمَّا التَّسْرِيحُ بِإِحْسَانٍ فَالطَّلاَقُ عَلَى مَا نَزَلَ بِهِ الْكِتَابُ».

99-/1217 - From Abu al-Qasim al-Farisi, who said: I said to al-Rida (peace be upon him): May I be your ransom, Allah says in His Book: then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness—what does that mean? He said: As for keeping in good fellowship, it is to refrain from harm and to bestow spending; and as for letting go with kindness, it is divorce as the Book has revealed.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ ... اِفْتَدَتْ بِهِ

Reference: Al-Baqara 2:229 (full verse)

Arabic (full ayah): اَلطَّلَاقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَعْتَدُوهَا وَمَنْ يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ

M. H. Shakir: Divorce may be (pronounced) twice; then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness, and it is not lawful for you to take any part of what you have given them, unless both fear that they cannot keep within the limits of Allah; then if you fear that they cannot keep within the limits of Allah there is no blame on them for what she gives up to become free thereby. These are the limits of Allah, so do not exceed them; and whoever exceeds the limits of Allah—these it is that are the unjust.

99-/1218 _1-علي بن إبراهيم:هذه الآية نزلت في الخلع.

99-/1218 - ‘Ali b. Ibrahim: This verse was revealed concerning khul‘ (divorce by redemption).

99-/1219 _2- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الْخُلْعُ لاَ يَكُونُ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَقُولَ الْمَرْأَةُ لِزَوْجِهَا:لاَ أُبِرُّ لَكَ قَسَماً،وَ لَأَخْرُجَنَّ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِكَ،وَ لَأُوطِئَنَّ فِرَاشَكَ غَيْرَكَ،وَ لاَ أَغْتَسِلُ لَكَ مِنْ جَنَابَةٍ،أَوْ تَقُولَ:لاَ أُطِيعُ لَكَ أَمْراً أَوْ تُطَلِّقَنِي.فَإِذَا قَالَتْ ذَلِكَ،فَقَدْ حَلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهَا جَمِيعَ مَا أَعْطَاهَا، وَ كُلَّ مَا قَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ مِمَّا تُعْطِيهِ مِنْ مَالِهَا،فَإِذَا تَرَاضَيَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ طَلَّقَهَا عَلَى طُهْرٍ بِشُهُودٍ،فَقَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ بِوَاحِدَةٍ،وَ هُوَ خَاطِبٌ مِنَ الْخُطَّابِ،فَإِنْ شَاءَتْ زَوَّجَتْهُ نَفْسَهَا،وَ إِنْ شَاءَتْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ،فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجَهَا فَهِيَ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى اثْنَتَيْنِ بَاقِيَتَيْنِ، وَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ عَلَيْهَا كَمَا اشْتَرَطَ صَاحِبُ الْمُبَارَاةِ:إِذَا ارْتَجَعْتِ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا أَعْطَيْتِنِي فَأَنَا أَمْلَكُ بِبُضْعِكِ». وَ قَالَ:«لاَ خُلْعَ وَ لاَ مُبَارَاةَ وَ لاَ تَخْيِيرَ إِلاَّ عَلَى طُهْرٍ،مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ،بِشَهَادَةِ شَاهِدَيْنِ عَدْلَيْنِ،وَ الْمُخْتَلِعَةُ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَتْ زَوْجاً آخَرَ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا،تَحِلُّ لِلْأَوَّلِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ بِهَا». وَ قَالَ:«لاَ رَجْعَةَ لِلزَّوْجِ عَلَى الْمُخْتَلِعَةِ وَ لاَ عَلَى الْمُبَارَاةِ،إِلاَّ أَنْ يَبْدُوَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ فَيَرُدَّ عَلَيْهَا مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهَا».

99-/1219 - And from him, he said: My father narrated to me, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Ibn Sinan, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: Khul‘ does not occur except when the woman says to her husband: I will not honor your oath; I will indeed go out without your permission; I will indeed allow someone other than you onto your bed; and I will not perform ghusl for you from janabah—or she says: I will not obey any command of yours—so either you divorce me. When she says that, it is lawful for him to take from her all that he has given her, and whatever else he can obtain of what she gives him from her wealth. When the two agree upon that, he divorces her in a state of purity, with witnesses; she is separated from him by one pronouncement, and he is like one of the suitors: if she wishes, she may marry him, and if she wishes, she need not. If he marries her, then she is with him with two pronouncements remaining. He ought to stipulate upon her as the party in mubara’ah stipulates: If you retract anything of what you have given me, then I have authority over your person. And he said: There is no khul‘, nor mubara’ah, nor option (takhyir) except in a state of purity without intercourse and with the testimony of two just witnesses. If the woman who did khul‘ marries another husband and then he divorces her, it is lawful for the first to marry her. And he said: The husband has no right of revocation over the woman of khul‘ or the one in mubara’ah, unless the woman changes her mind, whereupon he returns to her what he took from her.

99-/1220 _3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ فِي(الْفَقِيهِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِذَا قَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ لِزَوْجِهَا جُمْلَةَ:لاَ أُطِيعُ لَكَ أَمْراً.مُفَسِّرَةً أَوْ غَيْرَ مُفَسِّرَةٍ،حَلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهَا،وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا رَجْعَةٌ».

99-/1220 - Ibn Babawayh in (al-Faqih): with his chain from Muhammad b. Humran, from Muhammad b. Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: If a woman says to her husband, in general terms, “I will not obey any command of yours,” whether specified or unspecified, it is lawful for him to take from her, and he has no right of revocation over her.

99-/1221 _4- الشَّيْخُ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لاَ يَرْجِعُ الرَّجُلُ فِيمَا يَهَبُ لاِمْرَأَتِهِ،وَ لاَ الْمَرْأَةُ فِيمَا تَهَبُ لِزَوْجِهَا،حِيزَ أَوْ لَمْ يُحَزْ،أَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: وَ لاَ يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئاً ،وَ قَالَ: فَإِنْ طِبْنَ لَكُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ نَفْساً فَكُلُوهُ هَنِيئاً مَرِيئاً؟وَ هَذَا يَدْخُلُ فِي الصَّدَاقِ وَ الْهِبَةِ».

99-/1221 - Al-Shaykh in (al-Tahdhib): with his chain from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from al-Hasan b. Mahbub, from ‘Ali b. Ri’ab, from Zurara, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: A man may not reclaim what he gives as a gift to his wife, nor a woman what she gives as a gift to her husband, whether taken possession of or not. Does not Allah, Exalted, say: And it is not lawful for you to take any part of what you have given them; and He said: Then if they allow you any part of it, then take it with pleasure and good cheer? This applies to the dowry and to gifts.

99-/1222 _5- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِمَنْ أَعْطَى اللَّهَ شَيْئاً أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهِ، وَ مَا لَمْ يُعْطِ لِلَّهِ وَ فِي اللَّهِ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ فِيهِ،نِحْلَةً كَانَتْ أَوْ هِبَةً،حِيزَتْ أَ وَ لَمْ تُحَزْ،وَ لاَ يَرْجِعُ الرَّجُلُ فِيمَا يَهَبُ لاِمْرَأَتِهِ،وَ لاَ الْمَرْأَةُ فِيمَا تَهَبُ لِزَوْجِهَا.حِيزَتْ أَ وَ لَمْ تُحَزْ،أَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ: وَ لاَ يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا مِمّٰا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئاً ،وَ قَالَ: فَإِنْ طِبْنَ لَكُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ نَفْساً فَكُلُوهُ هَنِيئاً مَرِيئاً».

99-/1222 - Al-‘Ayyashi: from Zurara, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: It is not befitting for one who gave for the sake of Allah to take it back; but what was not given for Allah and in Allah, he may take it back—whether a grant or a gift, whether taken possession of or not. A man may not reclaim what he gives to his wife, nor a woman what she gives to her husband, whether taken possession of or not. Does not Allah say: And it is not lawful for you to take any part of what you have given them; and He said: Then if they allow you any part of it, then take it with pleasure and good cheer.

99-/1223 _6- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُخْتَلِعَةِ،كَيْفَ يَكُونُ خُلْعُهَا؟ فَقَالَ:«لاَ يَحِلُّ خُلْعُهَا حَتَّى تَقُولَ:وَ اللَّهِ لاَ أُبِرُّ لَكَ قَسَماً،وَ لاَ أُطِيعُ لَكَ أَمْراً،وَ لَأُوطِئَنَّ فِرَاشَكَ،وَ لَأُدْخِلَنَّ عَلَيْكَ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِكَ؛فَإِذَا هِيَ قَالَتْ ذَلِكَ حَلَّ خُلْعُهَا،وَ أَحَلَّ لَهُ مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهَا مِنْ مَهْرِهَا،وَ مَا زَادَ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: فَلاَ جُنٰاحَ عَلَيْهِمٰا فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ وَ إِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ بِتَطْلِيقَةٍ،وَ هِيَ أَمْلَكُ بِنَفْسِهَا،إِنْ شَاءَتْ نَكَحَتْهُ،وَ إِنْ شَاءَتْ فَلاَ،فَإِنْ نَكَحَتْهُ فَهِيَ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى ثِنْتَيْنِ».

99-/1223 - From Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: I asked him about the woman of khul‘—how is her khul‘? He said: Her khul‘ is not lawful until she says: By Allah, I will not honor your oath; I will not obey any command of yours; I will indeed allow someone onto your bed; and I will indeed enter upon you without your permission. When she says that, her khul‘ is lawful, and what he takes from her of her dowry and more becomes lawful for him. And it is the saying of Allah: Then there is no blame on them both in what she gives up to become free thereby. When he does that, she is separated from him by one pronouncement and she has authority over herself: if she wishes, she may marry him; and if she wishes, she need not. If she marries him, she is with him with two pronouncements [remaining].

قوله تعالى:

تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَعْتَدُوهَا وَمَنْ يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ

Reference: Al-Baqara 2:229 (end of the verse)

M. H. Shakir: These are the limits of Allah, so do not exceed them; and whoever exceeds the limits of Allah—these it is that are the unjust.

99-/1224 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَعْتَدُوهٰا وَ مَنْ يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللّٰهِ فَأُولٰئِكَ هُمُ الظّٰالِمُونَ . فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَضِبَ عَلَى الزَّانِي فَجَعَلَ لَهُ مِائَةَ جَلْدَةٍ،فَمَنْ غَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ فَزَادَ،فَأَنَا إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ؛فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللّٰهِ فَلاٰ تَعْتَدُوهٰا».

99-/1224 - Al-‘Ayyashi: from Muhammad b. Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted: These are the limits of Allah, so do not exceed them; and whoever exceeds the limits of Allah—these it is that are the unjust. He said: Allah became wrathful with the fornicator, so He prescribed one hundred lashes for him; whoever becomes wrathful and adds to that, I am free before Allah from him. That is His saying, Exalted: These are the limits of Allah, so do not exceed them.

قوله تعالى:

فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا فَلَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ مِنْ بَعْدُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ يَتَرَاجَعَا ... إِنْ ظَنَّا أَنْ يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ

Reference: Al-Baqara 2:230

Arabic (full ayah): فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا فَلَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ مِنْ بَعْدُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ فَإِنْ طَلَّقَهَا فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَنْ يَتَرَاجَعَا إِنْ ظَنَّا أَنْ يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ وَتِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ يُبَيِّنُهَا لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ

M. H. Shakir: So if he divorces her she shall not be lawful to him afterwards until she marries another husband; then if he divorces her there is no blame on them both if they return to each other if they think that they can keep within the limits of Allah, and these are the limits of Allah which He makes clear for a people who know.

99-/1225 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ، عَنِ الْمُثَنَّى،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّيْقَلِ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ طَلاَقاً لاَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ،وَ تَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ مُتْعَةً،أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْكِحَهَا؟قَالَ:«لاَ،حَتَّى تَدْخُلَ فِي مِثْلِ مَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْهُ».

99-/1225 - Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: from several of our companions, from Sahl b. Ziyad, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Abi Nasr, from al-Muthanna, from ‘Abd al-Karim, from al-Hasan al-Sayqal, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about a man who divorced his wife a divorce after which she is not lawful to him until she marries another husband; then another man married her in temporary marriage—does it become lawful for the first to marry her? He said: No, until she enters into the like of what she exited from (i.e., a permanent marriage).

99-/1226 _3- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ،عَنِ الْمُثَنَّى،عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ ،قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ طَلاَقاً لاَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ،فَتَزَوَّجَهَا عَبْدٌ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا،هَلْ يَهْدِمُ الطَّلاَقَ؟قَالَ: «نَعَمْ،لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ: حَتّٰى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ».

99-/1226 - Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Abi Nasr, from al-Muthanna, from Ishaq b. ‘Ammar, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about a man who divorced his wife a divorce after which she is not lawful to him until she marries another husband; then a slave married her and then divorced her—does that remove the (previous) divorce? He said: Yes, due to Allah’s saying in His Book: until she marries another husband.

99-/1227 _4- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنِ الرَّزَّازِ،عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ؛وَ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ؛وَ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ سَمَاعَةَ،كُلِّهِمْ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ،عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي ...

99-/1227 - And from him: from al-Razzaz, from Ayyub b. Nuh; and from Abu ‘Ali al-Ash‘ari, from Muhammad b. ‘Abd al-Jabbar, and Muhammad b. Isma‘il, from al-Fadl b. Shadhan; and from Humayd b. Ziyad, from Ibn Sama‘ah—all from Safwan, from Ibn Maskan, from Abu ... [text breaks off here in the provided excerpt].

المراجع الحديثية (حيث وردت):

_1) -من لا يحضر الفقيه 3:1314/276.

- Man la yahduruhu al-faqih 3:1314/276.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:74.

- Tafsir al-Qummi 1:74.

_3) -التهذيب 8:82/25.

- Al-Tahdhib 8:82/25.

[1] القتب:رحل صغير على قدر السّنام.«الصحاح-قتب-1:198».

- al-qatab: Rahl saghir ‘ala qadr al-sanam. “al-Sihah – Qatab – 1:198”.

[2] في«ط»:والده.

- fi “T”: walidahu.

_2) -التهذيب 8:25 ذيل الحديث 82.

- Al-Tahdhib 8:25 dhayl al-hadith 82.

_3) -من لا يحضره الفقيه 3:1570/324.

- Man la yahduruhu al-faqih 3:1570/324.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:360/115.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:360/115.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:361/116.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:361/116.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:362/116.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:362/116.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:363/116.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:363/116.

_8) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:364/116.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:364/116.

[1] العسيلة:تصغير العسلة،و هي القطعة من العسل،فشبّه لذّة الجماع بذوق العسل.«مجمع البحرين-عسل-5:423».

- al-‘usaylah: tasghir al-‘aslah … “Majma‘ al-Bahrayn – ‘Asal – 5:423”.

[2] الإحباء:إعطاء الشيء بغير عوض.«مجمع البحرين-حبا 1:94».

- al-ihba’: i‘ta’ al-shay’ bighayri ‘iwad. “Majma‘ al-Bahrayn – Haba 1:94”.

[3] لا أبرّ لك قسما:لا أصدّقك.

- la ubarru laka qasaman: la usaddiquka.

_3) -من لا يحضره الفقيه 3:1633/339.

- Man la yahduruhu al-faqih 3:1633/339.

_4) -التهذيب 9:624/152.

- Al-Tahdhib 9:624/152.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:366/117.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:366/117.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:367/117.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:367/117.

[1] في المصدر:حلّ له ما أخذ.

- fi al-masdar: halla lahu ma akhadha.

[2] في«ط»:جيز أو لم يجز.

- fi “T”: jiza aw lam yajuz.

[3] النساء 4:4.

- al-Nisa’ 4:4.

[4] في«ط»:«جيزت أو لم تجز»في الموضعين.

- fi “T”: “jizat aw lam tajuz” fi al-mawdi‘ayn.

[5] النساء 4:4.

- al-Nisa’ 4:4.

[6] في المصدر:و حلّ.

- fi al-masdar: wa halla.

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:368/117.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:368/117.

_2) -الكافي 5:2/425.

- al-Kafi 5:2/425.

_3) -الكافي 5:3/425.

- al-Kafi 5:3/425.

_4) -الكافي 6:3/76.

- al-Kafi 6:3/76.

[1] في المصدر:و يزوجها.

- fi al-masdar: wa yuzawwijuha.

[2] في المصدر زيادة:و قال:«هو أحد الأزواج».

- fi al-masdar ziyadah: wa qal: “huwa ahad al-azwaj”.

[3] في«ط»:عن محمّد بن إسماعيل.

- fi “T”: ‘an Muhammad b. Isma‘il.