S 3 A 45

شُكْراً لِلَّهِ.

ثمَّ قال لنبيِّهِ محمّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) يُخبِرُهُ بما غابَ عنهُ من خبرِ مريمَ وعيسى: يا محمّدُ ذٰلِكَ مِنْ أَنْبٰاءِ الْغَيْبِ نُوحِيهِ إِلَيْكَ في مريمَ وابنِها وبما خصَّهُما اللَّهُ به وفضَّلهما وأكرمهما حيثُ قال: وَ مٰا كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ يا محمّدُ، يعني بذلك لربِّ الملائكة إذ يُلقون أقلامَهم أيُّهُم يكفُلُ مريمَ حين أيْتَمَتْ من أبيها.

English: Praise belongs to Allah. Then He said to His Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), informing him of what was hidden from him regarding Mary and Jesus: O Muhammad, that is of the tidings of the unseen which We reveal to you, concerning Mary and her son and what Allah singled them out for, favored them with, and honored them by, when He said: And you were not with them, O Muhammad—meaning, with the Lord of the angels—when they cast their pens as to which of them should have charge of Mary when she was orphaned of her father.

99-/1700 _16- وَ في روايةِ ابنِ خُرَّزادَ: أَيُّهُم يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ حينَ أَيْتَمَتْ من أبويها وَ مٰا كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ يا محمّدُ إذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ في مريمَ عندَ وِلادَتِها بعيسى أيُّهُم يَكْفُلُها و يكفُلُ ولدَها، قال: فقلتُ له: أبقاكَ اللَّهُ فمَن كفَّلَها؟ فقال: «أَما تسمعُ لقولِهِ: وَ كَفَّلَهٰا زَكَرِيّٰا [1] الآية».

English: 99-/1700 _16- And in the narration of Ibn Khurrazad: “Which of them would take charge of Mary when she had been orphaned of both her parents, and you were not with them, O Muhammad, when they disputed concerning Mary at the time of her giving birth to Jesus—who among them would be her guardian and the guardian of her child.” He said: So I said to him, “May Allah preserve you, then who took charge of her?” He replied: “Do you not hear His saying: And Zakariya was made her guardian [1] (the verse).”

[1] آل عمران: 3:37. Wa-kaffalahā Zakariyyā. M. H. Shakir: So her Lord accepted her with a good acceptance and made her grow up a good growing, and gave her into the charge of Zakariya; whenever Zakariya entered the sanctuary to (see) her, he found with her food. He said: O Mary! whence comes this to you? She said: It is from Allah. Surely Allah gives to whom He pleases without measure.

و زادَ عليُّ بنُ مَهزيارَ في حديثِهِ: فلمّا وضَعَتها قالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُهٰا أُنْثىٰ وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمٰا وَضَعَتْ وَ لَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثىٰ وَ إِنِّي سَمَّيْتُهٰا مَرْيَمَ وَ إِنِّي أُعِيذُهٰا بِكَ وَ ذُرِّيَّتَهٰا مِنَ الشَّيْطٰانِ الرَّجِيمِ [2].

English: And ‘Ali ibn Mahziyar added in his report: When she delivered her, she said: My Lord! surely I have brought her forth a female—and Allah knew best what she brought forth—and the male is not like the female, and I have named her Mary, and surely I commend her and her offspring into Your protection from the accursed Satan [2].

[2] آل عمران: 3:36. Rabbi innī wada‘tuhā unthā… M. H. Shakir: So when she brought forth, she said: My Lord! surely I have brought it forth a female—and Allah knew best what she brought forth—and the male is not like the female; and I have named it Mary, and I commend her and her offspring into Thy protection from the accursed Shaitan.

قال: قلتُ: أكانَ يُصيبُ مريمَ ما يُصيبُ النساءَ من الطَّمث؟ قال: «نعم، ما كانتْ إلا امرأةً من النساء».

English: I said: Did what befalls women of menstruation befall Mary? He said: “Yes. She was none other than a woman among women.”

99-/1701 _17- وَ في روايةٍ أُخرى: إِذْ يُلْقُونَ أَقْلٰامَهُمْ أَيُّهُم يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ قال: قال: «استهموا عليها فخرجَ سهمُ زكريّا فكفلَ بها».

English: 99-/1701 _17- And in another narration regarding: When they cast their pens, which of them should have charge of Mary, he said: “They drew lots for her, and the lot of Zakariya came out, so he took charge of her.”

قال زيدُ بنُ رِكانةَ: اختصموا في بنتِ حمزةَ كما اختصموا في مريمَ، قال: قلتُ له: جُعلتُ فِداكَ، حمزةُ استنَّ السُّننَ والأمثالَ، كما اختصموا في مريمَ اختصموا في بنتِ حمزةَ؟ قال: «نعم».

English: Zayd ibn Rikanah said: “They disputed over the daughter of Hamzah just as they disputed about Mary.” I said to him: “May I be your ransom, did Hamzah set a precedent and example—just as they disputed about Mary, they disputed about the daughter of Hamzah?” He said: “Yes.”

وَ اصْطَفٰاكِ عَلىٰ نِسٰاءِ الْعٰالَمِينَ [3]

English: And He has chosen you above the women of the worlds. [3]

[3] الظاهر أنّ في الحديث سقطاً، و أشار لذلك أيضاً المجلسي في البحار 14:193. al-Ẓāhir anna fī al-ḥadīth saqṭan, wa-ashāra li-dhālika ayḍan al-Majlisī fī al-Biḥār 14:193.

M. H. Shakir (Āl ‘Imrān 3:42): And when the angels said: O Mary! surely Allah has chosen you and purified you and chosen you above the women of the world.

قوله تعالى:

وَجِيهاً فِي الدُّنْيٰا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ مِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ [45]

English: His word, the Exalted: “Worthy of regard in this world and the hereafter, and of those who are made near.” [Āl ‘Imrān 3:45]

M. H. Shakir (Āl ‘Imrān 3:45): When the angels said: O Mary! surely Allah gives you good news with a Word from Him (of one) whose name is the Messiah, Isa son of Mary, worthy of regard in this world and the hereafter and of those who are made near (to Allah).

/1702 _1- علي بن إبراهيم، في قوله تعالى: وَجِيهاً فِي الدُّنْيٰا وَ الْآخِرَةِ وَ مِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ أي ذا وجهٍ وجاهٍ.

English: /1702 _1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm, regarding His saying, “Worthy of regard in this world and the hereafter, and of those who are made near”: that is, one possessed of standing and dignity.

_16) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:48/73.

English (transliteration): _16) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:48/73.

_17) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:174، ذيل الحديث(48).

English (transliteration): _17) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:174, dhayl al-ḥadīth (48).

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:102.

English (transliteration): _1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:102.

قوله تعالى:

أَنِّي أَخْلُقُ لَكُمْ مِنَ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الطَّيْرِ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَلِأُحِلَّ لَكُمْ بَعْضَ الَّذِي حُرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ [49-50]

English: His saying, the Exalted: “I indeed create for you out of clay as the form of a bird … and that I may make lawful to you a part of that which was forbidden to you.” [Āl ‘Imrān 3:49–50]

M. H. Shakir (Āl ‘Imrān 3:49–50):

3:49 “And (make him) a messenger to the children of Israel: That I have come to you with a sign from your Lord, that I determine for you out of dust like the form of a bird, then I breathe into it and it becomes a bird with Allah’s permission and I heal the blind and the leprous, and bring the dead to life with Allah’s permission and I inform you of what you should eat and what you should store in your houses; most surely there is a sign in this for you, if you are believers.”

3:50 “And a verifier of that which is before me of the Taurat and that I may make lawful for you certain of that which has been forbidden to you, and I have come to you with a sign from your Lord; therefore be careful of (your duty to) Allah and obey me.”

/1703 _1- علي بن إبراهيم، في قوله تعالى: أَنِّي أَخْلُقُ لَكُمْ مِنَ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الطَّيْرِ أي أقدِر، وهو خلقُ تقدير.

English: /1703 _1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm, regarding His saying, “I create for you out of clay as the form of a bird”: that is, I am able; and it is a creation of determination (fashioning by estimation).

99-/1704 _2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قال: حدَّثَنا أحمدُ بنُ محمّدٍ الهَمدانيُّ، قال: حدَّثني جعفرُ بنُ عبدِ اللَّه، قال:

حدَّثَني كثيرُ بنُ عيّاشٍ، عن زيادِ بنِ المُنذرِ أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفرٍ محمّدِ بنِ عليٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)، في قولِهِ تعالى:

وَ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمٰا تَأْكُلُونَ وَ مٰا تَدَّخِرُونَ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ.

قالَ: «فإنَّ عيسى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) كان يقولُ لبني إسرائيل: إنّي رسولُ اللَّهِ إليكم أنّي أخلقُ لكم من الطينِ كهيئةِ الطيرِ فأنفخُ فيه فيكونُ طيراً بإذنِ اللَّهِ وأُبرئُ الأكمهَ والأبرصَ—الأكمهُ هو الأعمى—قالوا: ما نرى الذي تصنعُ إلاّ سحراً فأرِنا آيةً نعلمُ أنّكَ صادقٌ؟ قال: أَرَأَيْتُم إنْ أخبرتُكم بما تأكلون وما تدّخرون في بيوتِكم [1]، يقولُ: ما أكلتُم في بيوتِكم قبلَ أن تخرجوا، وما ادّخرتم إلى الليل، تعلمون أنّي صادقٌ؟ قالوا: نعم. فكان يقولُ للرجلِ: أكلتَ كذا وكذا، وشربتَ كذا وكذا، ورفعتَ كذا وكذا. فمنهم من يقبلُ منه فيؤمنُ، ومنهم من يُنكرُ فيكفرُ، وكان لهم في ذلك آيةٌ إن كانوا مؤمنين».

English: 99-/1704 _2- ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm narrated: Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Hamdānī told us, who said: Ja‘far ibn ‘Abd Allāh told me, who said: Kathīr ibn ‘Ayyāsh narrated from Ziyād ibn al-Mundhir Abū al-Jārūd, from Abū Ja‘far Muhammad ibn ‘Alī (peace be upon them both), regarding His saying, the Exalted: And I inform you of what you eat and what you store in your houses. He said: “Jesus (peace be upon him) used to say to the Children of Israel: I am the Messenger of Allah to you: I create for you out of clay as the form of a bird, then I breathe into it and it becomes a bird by Allah’s permission, and I heal the congenitally blind and the leper—the congenitally blind is the one born blind. They said: We see nothing of what you do except sorcery; so show us a sign by which we may know that you are truthful. He said: Suppose I inform you of what you eat and what you store in your houses [1]—meaning: what you ate in your houses before you came out, and what you put aside until the night—will you know that I am truthful? They said: Yes. So he would say to a man: You ate such-and-such, drank such-and-such, and set aside such-and-such. Some of them would accept from him and so believe, and some would deny and so disbelieve; and in that there was a sign for them, if they were believers.”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:102.

English (transliteration): _1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:102.

[1] (في بيوتكم) ليس في المصدر.

English (transliteration): [1] (fī buyūtikum) laysa fī al-maṣdar.

/1705 _3- وقالَ عليّ بنُ إبراهيم في قوله تعالى: وَلِأُحِلَّ لَكُمْ بَعْضَ الَّذِي حُرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ وهو السبتُ والشُّحومُ والطيرُ الذي حرَّمَ اللَّهُ على بني إسرائيل.

English: /1705 _3- And ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm said regarding His saying, the Exalted: And that I may make lawful to you a part of that which was forbidden to you: namely, the Sabbath, and the animal fats, and the bird which Allah had forbidden to the Children of Israel.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:102.

English (transliteration): _2) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:102.

99-/1706 _4- قال: وروى ابنُ أبي عُميرٍ، عن رجلٍ، عن أبي عبدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) في قولِ اللَّهِ عزّ وجلّ: فَلَمّٰا أَحَسَّ عِيسىٰ مِنْهُمُ الْكُفْرَ [2]: «أي لمّا سمعَ ورأى أنّهم يكفرون. والحواسُّ الخمسُ التي قدَّرها اللَّهُ في الناس: السمعُ للصوتِ، والبصرُ للألوانِ وتمييزِها، والشمُّ لمعرفةِ الروائحِ الطيّبةِ والنَّتِنةِ [3]، والذوقُ للطُّعومِ وتمييزِها، واللمسُ لمعرفةِ الحارِّ والباردِ والليّنِ والخشنِ».

English: 99-/1706 _4- He said: And Ibn Abī ‘Umayr narrated from a man, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: But when Isa perceived unbelief on their part [2]: “That is, when he heard and saw that they were disbelieving. And the five senses which Allah has apportioned in people are: hearing, for sound; sight, for colors and distinguishing them; smell, for recognizing pleasant and foul odors [3]; taste, for flavors and distinguishing them; and touch, for discerning the hot and the cold, the soft and the rough.”

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:103.

English (transliteration): _3) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:103.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:103.

English (transliteration): _4) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:103.

[2] آل عمران: 3:52.

English (transliteration): [2] Āl ‘Imrān: 3:52. M. H. Shakir: But when Isa perceived unbelief on their part, he said: Who will be my helpers in Allah’s way? The disciples said: We are helpers (in the way) of Allah: we believe in Allah and bear witness that we are submitting ones.

[3] في المصدر: الخبيثة.

English (transliteration): [3] fī al-maṣdar: al-khabīthah.